Hydrocarbon contamination is one of the central environmental problems today as a result of petrochemical industries’ related activities. Petroleum hydrocarbons are the organic contaminants of key interest because of their complex structure, wide spread, toxicity and persistence. Accumulation of these pollutants in plants and animal tissues has been reported to cause death or mutation. Hence this study focused on molecular identification of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soil of automobile workshop in Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria. Isolation was carried out on Mineral Salt Media (MSM) containing 1% used engine oil as carbon source. The isolates hydrocarbon degradative activities were determined using turbidimetric analysis. The isolate with fastest growth was characterized based on morphology, biochemical test and subsequent molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Six bacteria strains; FS1, FS2, FS3, ES1, ES2 and ES3 that utilized 1% used engine oil as sole carbon and energy were isolated. Bacteria ES2 effectively utilized the used engine oil with the highest Optical density (OD) of 0.96 at 600 nm on the 10 th day. Result from the biochemical test, blasting and phylogenetic analysis showed that bacteria ES2 belongs to Lysinibacillus specie with 89% maximum identity to this specie. These bacteria can be used to effectively bio remediate hydrocarbon polluted environment.
{"title":"Molecular Identification of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Contaminated Soil of Automobile Mechanic Workshop in Lapai, Niger State","authors":"A. Hassana","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7588","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocarbon contamination is one of the central environmental problems today as a result of petrochemical industries’ related activities. Petroleum hydrocarbons are the organic contaminants of key interest because of their complex structure, wide spread, toxicity and persistence. Accumulation of these pollutants in plants and animal tissues has been reported to cause death or mutation. Hence this study focused on molecular identification of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soil of automobile workshop in Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria. Isolation was carried out on Mineral Salt Media (MSM) containing 1% used engine oil as carbon source. The isolates hydrocarbon degradative activities were determined using turbidimetric analysis. The isolate with fastest growth was characterized based on morphology, biochemical test and subsequent molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Six bacteria strains; FS1, FS2, FS3, ES1, ES2 and ES3 that utilized 1% used engine oil as sole carbon and energy were isolated. Bacteria ES2 effectively utilized the used engine oil with the highest Optical density (OD) of 0.96 at 600 nm on the 10 th day. Result from the biochemical test, blasting and phylogenetic analysis showed that bacteria ES2 belongs to Lysinibacillus specie with 89% maximum identity to this specie. These bacteria can be used to effectively bio remediate hydrocarbon polluted environment.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88844313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacillus species are found anywhere in environment. Due to unnecessary use of antibiotics many bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics. Many bacterial strains become resistant due to the unnecessary use of antibiotics. When bacteria become resistant the antibiotic loses their ability for the elimination of bacteria from the body of infected person. 110 clinical samples were collected from different hospitals of Lahore. These samples were purified. After purification 20 Bacillus bacteria were isolated by using differential media MSA. Structures were examined under microscope after examination three bacillus species (B. subtillis, B. licheniformis and B. cereus) were found. For further confirmation biochemical tests were performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed at the end to check the bacterial susceptibility against antibiotics. Ten different antibiotics were used by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics were streptomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, azithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin and amoxicillin. 95% of the resistance was shown against oxacillin and 95% against ampicillin. 95% sensitivity was shown by streptomycin. 90% sensitivity was shown by tetracycline and gentamicin. 100% sensitivity was shown by three antibiotics against B. licheniformis which were streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while no sensitivity was given by ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin and clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin against B. licheniformis. No resistance was seen in the case of streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin. Maximum sensitivity was shown by streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin against B. subtilis. Minimum sensitivity was given by clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin and 89% resistance was given by amoxicillin. B. cereus is shown different percentages of resistance and sensitivity against ten different drugs. Maximum sensitivity was shown for streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while maximum resistance was shown against ampicillin and oxacillin.
{"title":"Current Status of Multi Drug Resistance of Bacillus Species from Clinical Sources","authors":"Amna Mahmood","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7671","url":null,"abstract":"Bacillus species are found anywhere in environment. Due to unnecessary use of antibiotics many bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics. Many bacterial strains become resistant due to the unnecessary use of antibiotics. When bacteria become resistant the antibiotic loses their ability for the elimination of bacteria from the body of infected person. 110 clinical samples were collected from different hospitals of Lahore. These samples were purified. After purification 20 Bacillus bacteria were isolated by using differential media MSA. Structures were examined under microscope after examination three bacillus species (B. subtillis, B. licheniformis and B. cereus) were found. For further confirmation biochemical tests were performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed at the end to check the bacterial susceptibility against antibiotics. Ten different antibiotics were used by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics were streptomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, azithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin and amoxicillin. 95% of the resistance was shown against oxacillin and 95% against ampicillin. 95% sensitivity was shown by streptomycin. 90% sensitivity was shown by tetracycline and gentamicin. 100% sensitivity was shown by three antibiotics against B. licheniformis which were streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while no sensitivity was given by ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin and clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin against B. licheniformis. No resistance was seen in the case of streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin. Maximum sensitivity was shown by streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin against B. subtilis. Minimum sensitivity was given by clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin and 89% resistance was given by amoxicillin. B. cereus is shown different percentages of resistance and sensitivity against ten different drugs. Maximum sensitivity was shown for streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while maximum resistance was shown against ampicillin and oxacillin.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90393182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medicinal and aromatic plants undertaken an important position in Ayurveda, Homeopathy and Unani medicine. These plants provide raw materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetic, drug and other industries. Farmers collect more income via cultivation of the medicinal and aromatic plants than other commercial and traditional crops. Trading of medicinal plants worth globally stand over $ 5 billion and about INR 3 billion in India. National medicinal plant board, India provide subsidy of 30%, 50% and 75%, according to different plant species availability for production. About 95 medicinal plants species listed under National Ayush Mission (NAM) for cultivation. About 39 angiosperm plant species of herbs, shrubs and trees are found very common and some are wild in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand state. Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the ideal alternative for some traditional uneconomic crops and help in medicinal plant protection.
{"title":"Income Generation of Farmers via Medicinal Plants Cultivation: A Review","authors":"K. Singh","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7428","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal and aromatic plants undertaken an important position in Ayurveda, Homeopathy and Unani medicine. These plants provide raw materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetic, drug and other industries. Farmers collect more income via cultivation of the medicinal and aromatic plants than other commercial and traditional crops. Trading of medicinal plants worth globally stand over $ 5 billion and about INR 3 billion in India. National medicinal plant board, India provide subsidy of 30%, 50% and 75%, according to different plant species availability for production. About 95 medicinal plants species listed under National Ayush Mission (NAM) for cultivation. About 39 angiosperm plant species of herbs, shrubs and trees are found very common and some are wild in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand state. Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the ideal alternative for some traditional uneconomic crops and help in medicinal plant protection.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79224248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Most maternal deaths occur in labor and childbirth. This can be avoided through good antenatal services. The mother has the right to receive all information related to her condition. One of the competencies of midwives is providing education to mothers. IEC is an activity where there is a process of communication and education with the dissemination of information. This study aims to reduce the anxiety level of primigravida TW III mothers in facing labor. Method: This study is a pre-experimental study of one group pre-test post-test design with a prospective approach. Independent variables, namely IEC in pregnancy and the dependent variable, were decreased anxiety levels of third trimester primigravida mothers and fulfillment of the right to information. The population is all third trimester primigravida mothers who visit PMB or Buleleng Community Health Center work area 3. The total sample is 36 people, and the data collection technique uses an anxiety measure namely HARS sheet. Results: The results of the study showed that the statistical mean parametric t-test in the one-party test showed that t count = 9.88 was greater than t table = 1.684 so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted which means IEC in pregnancy was effective in reducing the anxiety level of primigravida mothers trimester III and the right to obtain information is fulfilled. Conclusion: Giving IEC as one of the competencies of midwives that is effective in decreasing the anxiety level of pregnant women facing labor. The advice given to health workers at the Puskesmas must strive to improve the provision of counseling and especially IEC giving information that can reduce anxiety in primigravida pregnant women TW III.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Giving Health Education to Anxiety Levels for Primigravida Women Trimester III in Facing Labor as a Meeting of the Right to Inform","authors":"Ni Made Karlina Sumiari Tangkas","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most maternal deaths occur in labor and childbirth. This can be avoided through good antenatal services. The mother has the right to receive all information related to her condition. One of the competencies of midwives is providing education to mothers. IEC is an activity where there is a process of communication and education with the dissemination of information. This study aims to reduce the anxiety level of primigravida TW III mothers in facing labor. Method: This study is a pre-experimental study of one group pre-test post-test design with a prospective approach. Independent variables, namely IEC in pregnancy and the dependent variable, were decreased anxiety levels of third trimester primigravida mothers and fulfillment of the right to information. The population is all third trimester primigravida mothers who visit PMB or Buleleng Community Health Center work area 3. The total sample is 36 people, and the data collection technique uses an anxiety measure namely HARS sheet. Results: The results of the study showed that the statistical mean parametric t-test in the one-party test showed that t count = 9.88 was greater than t table = 1.684 so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted which means IEC in pregnancy was effective in reducing the anxiety level of primigravida mothers trimester III and the right to obtain information is fulfilled. Conclusion: Giving IEC as one of the competencies of midwives that is effective in decreasing the anxiety level of pregnant women facing labor. The advice given to health workers at the Puskesmas must strive to improve the provision of counseling and especially IEC giving information that can reduce anxiety in primigravida pregnant women TW III.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78107543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acrylamide Mitigation of Fried Potato Chips by Using Amino Acids","authors":"T. Sivasakthi","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85078098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damping-off is a serious fungal disease affecting seeds and seedlings in both nursery and field conditions. In this experiment, effectiveness of panchagavya in inhibiting the growth of two damping-off pathogens viz., Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii were evaluated under invitro conditions. Panchagavya has resulted in the inhibition up to 66.7% and 83.3% in Fusarium solani and up to 100% and 100% inhibition in Sclerotium rolfsii at 5% and 10% of panchagavya amended potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates, respectively.
{"title":"Panchagavya, An Organic Amendment for Inhibiting Damping-Off Causing Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii under In-vitro Conditions","authors":"M. S. Rathore","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7693","url":null,"abstract":"Damping-off is a serious fungal disease affecting seeds and seedlings in both nursery and field conditions. In this experiment, effectiveness of panchagavya in inhibiting the growth of two damping-off pathogens viz., Fusarium solani and Sclerotium rolfsii were evaluated under invitro conditions. Panchagavya has resulted in the inhibition up to 66.7% and 83.3% in Fusarium solani and up to 100% and 100% inhibition in Sclerotium rolfsii at 5% and 10% of panchagavya amended potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89148887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil macronutrients were studied on Alfisols with a 40-years old experiment at All India Co-ordinated Research Project for Dry land Agriculture (AICRPDA), Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, during kharif 2018. Results indicated that continuous application of chemical fertilizers and manures increased the micronutrient availability in soil and uptake by finger millet. Long term integrated nutrient management showed significant higher values of available N of 345.35 kg ha, P2O5 of 66.58 kg ha, K2O content of 136 kg ha, for soils in a treatment T5 FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF. Lower values were recorded for the control T1 where no fertilizer was added. Similar trend of results were reported Nutrient content and nutrient uptake by finger millet for Application of FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF over a period of 40 years significantly increased the macronutrient content in soil and uptake by finger millet as against 100% NPK treatment and control.
2018年秋季，班加罗尔农业科学大学甘地·克里希·维格纳·肯德拉(Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra)在全印度旱地农业协调研究项目(AICRPDA)进行了一项已有40年历史的试验，研究了Alfisols上的土壤宏量营养素。结果表明，连续施用化肥和粪肥可提高土壤微量元素有效性和谷子对土壤微量元素的吸收。长期综合养分管理表明，在T5 FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF处理下，土壤有效氮值显著高于345.35 kg ha, P2O5含量为66.58 kg ha, K2O含量为136 kg ha。在不施肥的对照T1中，记录的数值较低。与100%氮磷钾处理和对照相比，施用FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF的40年土壤中微量元素含量和谷子的养分吸收显著增加。
{"title":"Long Term Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Micronutrient Status in Finger Millet Mono-Cropping System","authors":"DV Prashanth, R. Krishnamurthy, DV Naveen","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7686","url":null,"abstract":"Soil macronutrients were studied on Alfisols with a 40-years old experiment at All India Co-ordinated Research Project for Dry land Agriculture (AICRPDA), Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, during kharif 2018. Results indicated that continuous application of chemical fertilizers and manures increased the micronutrient availability in soil and uptake by finger millet. Long term integrated nutrient management showed significant higher values of available N of 345.35 kg ha, P2O5 of 66.58 kg ha, K2O content of 136 kg ha, for soils in a treatment T5 FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF. Lower values were recorded for the control T1 where no fertilizer was added. Similar trend of results were reported Nutrient content and nutrient uptake by finger millet for Application of FYM @ 10 t ha + 100% RDF over a period of 40 years significantly increased the macronutrient content in soil and uptake by finger millet as against 100% NPK treatment and control.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78281417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An investigation was conducted in the experimental plot of nursery of Department of Horticulture, Khalsa College, Amritsar during 2018-2019 consisting of hardwood cuttings of 20 cm length and 1.2cm diameter with 5-6 buds prepared from the dormant twigs of the 7-8 years old of Pratap, Florda Prince and Shan-i-Punjab peach cultivars in the second fortnight of November. The basal portion of the cuttings was dipped in different doses of IBA (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 ppm) and control were evaluated. On the basis of data recorded on rooting parameters after 45 days of planting, it was concluded that rooting parameters like root length, root thickness, length of main root, number of roots per cutting and root weight were found maximum in Shan-i-Punjab when treated with IBA 3000ppm. It was concluded that IBA at 3000 ppm was found to be the best treatment for propagation of peach through hardwood cuttings.
{"title":"Effect of IBA on Rooting of Hardwood Cuttings of Various Peach Genotypes","authors":"G. Singh","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7575","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was conducted in the experimental plot of nursery of Department of Horticulture, Khalsa College, Amritsar during 2018-2019 consisting of hardwood cuttings of 20 cm length and 1.2cm diameter with 5-6 buds prepared from the dormant twigs of the 7-8 years old of Pratap, Florda Prince and Shan-i-Punjab peach cultivars in the second fortnight of November. The basal portion of the cuttings was dipped in different doses of IBA (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 ppm) and control were evaluated. On the basis of data recorded on rooting parameters after 45 days of planting, it was concluded that rooting parameters like root length, root thickness, length of main root, number of roots per cutting and root weight were found maximum in Shan-i-Punjab when treated with IBA 3000ppm. It was concluded that IBA at 3000 ppm was found to be the best treatment for propagation of peach through hardwood cuttings.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77093073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chank fishing is one of the oldest professions carried out through traditional diving methods in coastal waters of Tamil Nadu. From generations, fishers have progressed from stone and rope to scuba equipmenst and other locally designed contraptions for diving into waters. Current study had been carried out to assess the role of chank fishery in fisher’s livelihood of Therespuram fishing village, Tuticorin. Primary data was collected from purposively selected forty fishers by using structured interview schedule. Results of this study reveals that 45 % of middle aged (3545 years) fisher’s were found to be engaged in chank diving. Fishers below 35 years of age were found to be educated but could earn less than their counter parts of middle aged ones. Fisher’s physical fitness and chank collection skills are essential traits for chank diving. Chank fishing was reported as the primary source of income for these fisher’s and their average net income was estimated as ₹ 12 lakhs/annum/boat. They spend majorily (65%) on food items followed by individual health care and children education. Due to prolonged underwater exposure, health problems followed by debt were reported as major constraints by the fishers. By performing a skilled job like chank fishing, fisher’s had to face several occupational hazards in coastal waters. Thus, appropriate onshore medical facility in case of emergency, adequate training towards scientific diving, uses of improved diving equipment and alternative employment during off season are utmost important to enhance fisher’s livelihood in Therespuram village.
{"title":"Assessment of Chank Fishing as Livelihood in Therespuram, Tuticorin","authors":"V. Gomathy","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7648","url":null,"abstract":"Chank fishing is one of the oldest professions carried out through traditional diving methods in coastal waters of Tamil Nadu. From generations, fishers have progressed from stone and rope to scuba equipmenst and other locally designed contraptions for diving into waters. Current study had been carried out to assess the role of chank fishery in fisher’s livelihood of Therespuram fishing village, Tuticorin. Primary data was collected from purposively selected forty fishers by using structured interview schedule. Results of this study reveals that 45 % of middle aged (3545 years) fisher’s were found to be engaged in chank diving. Fishers below 35 years of age were found to be educated but could earn less than their counter parts of middle aged ones. Fisher’s physical fitness and chank collection skills are essential traits for chank diving. Chank fishing was reported as the primary source of income for these fisher’s and their average net income was estimated as ₹ 12 lakhs/annum/boat. They spend majorily (65%) on food items followed by individual health care and children education. Due to prolonged underwater exposure, health problems followed by debt were reported as major constraints by the fishers. By performing a skilled job like chank fishing, fisher’s had to face several occupational hazards in coastal waters. Thus, appropriate onshore medical facility in case of emergency, adequate training towards scientific diving, uses of improved diving equipment and alternative employment during off season are utmost important to enhance fisher’s livelihood in Therespuram village.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82539216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A total of seven rhizobacterial isolates (AUDT 240, AUDT 248, AUDT 502, AUDT 801, AUDT 807, AUDT 811and AUDP 139) and one reference isolate of Trichoderma harzianum were examined for antagonistic activities against five different isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina viz., Belavadi, Dharwad, Kalaburagi, Savanur and Vijayapura. The isolate AUDP 139 (Pseudomonas fluorescens) showed maximum mean per cent inhibition (56.50 %) followed by AUDT 240 (47.24 %) and AUDT 801(46.33 %). Results indicated that the isolates AUDP 139, AUDT 240 and AUDT 801 could be a novel biocontrol agents for the management of charcoal rot of sorghum.
{"title":"In vitro Analysis of Rhizobacteria against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Causing Charcoal Rot of Sorghum","authors":"Vinayaka A. Bannur","doi":"10.18782/2320-7051.7692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7692","url":null,"abstract":"A total of seven rhizobacterial isolates (AUDT 240, AUDT 248, AUDT 502, AUDT 801, AUDT 807, AUDT 811and AUDP 139) and one reference isolate of Trichoderma harzianum were examined for antagonistic activities against five different isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina viz., Belavadi, Dharwad, Kalaburagi, Savanur and Vijayapura. The isolate AUDP 139 (Pseudomonas fluorescens) showed maximum mean per cent inhibition (56.50 %) followed by AUDT 240 (47.24 %) and AUDT 801(46.33 %). Results indicated that the isolates AUDP 139, AUDT 240 and AUDT 801 could be a novel biocontrol agents for the management of charcoal rot of sorghum.","PeriodicalId":14249,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73132925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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