Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0151-0159
S. Sarsam, Ibtihal Mouiad Laftaa
Rutting is considered as one of the major pavement distresses of flexible pavement in Iraq. The hot weather duration for five months with 40-50 ⁰C has negative impact on the rutting resistance of asphalt concrete pavement. It was felt that modification of asphalt cement may be a possible solution to overcome such issue. In this paper, two penetration grade asphalt cement (40-50 and 60-70) have been modified in the laboratory by digestion with five types of locally available additives (fly ash; crumb rubber; fumed silica, sulfur; and Phospho-gypsum). Asphalt concrete mixture usually used for wearing course construction in Iraq as per SCRB specifications of 19 mm nominal size was considered in this investigation. Specimens were prepared using both of conventional asphalt cement and modified asphalt cement. The prepared modified asphalt concrete mixtures were evaluated by using Marshall Tests, resilient modulus determination (MR) and resistance to permanent deformation under repeated loads test, and then compared with the conventional mixture. The asphalt concrete mixtures modified by 10% fly ash by weight of asphalt cement (60-70) exhibit high resistance to permanent deformation as compared with the control mixture, while the mixture modified by 3% sulfur by weight of asphalt cement (60-70) generally showed lower resistance to permanent deformation as compared to the other tested mixtures. On the other hand, 1% of Phospho- gypsum by weight of asphalt cement (40-50) exhibit an improvement in rutting resistance. Sulfur and fly ash showed negative impact on rutting resistance for the range of load repetition studied.
{"title":"Impact of Asphalt Additives on Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Concrete","authors":"S. Sarsam, Ibtihal Mouiad Laftaa","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0151-0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0151-0159","url":null,"abstract":"Rutting is considered as one of the major pavement distresses of flexible pavement in Iraq. The hot weather duration for five months with 40-50 ⁰C has negative impact on the rutting resistance of asphalt concrete pavement. It was felt that modification of asphalt cement may be a possible solution to overcome such issue. In this paper, two penetration grade asphalt cement (40-50 and 60-70) have been modified in the laboratory by digestion with five types of locally available additives (fly ash; crumb rubber; fumed silica, sulfur; and Phospho-gypsum). Asphalt concrete mixture usually used for wearing course construction in Iraq as per SCRB specifications of 19 mm nominal size was considered in this investigation. Specimens were prepared using both of conventional asphalt cement and modified asphalt cement. The prepared modified asphalt concrete mixtures were evaluated by using Marshall Tests, resilient modulus determination (MR) and resistance to permanent deformation under repeated loads test, and then compared with the conventional mixture. The asphalt concrete mixtures modified by 10% fly ash by weight of asphalt cement (60-70) exhibit high resistance to permanent deformation as compared with the control mixture, while the mixture modified by 3% sulfur by weight of asphalt cement (60-70) generally showed lower resistance to permanent deformation as compared to the other tested mixtures. On the other hand, 1% of Phospho- gypsum by weight of asphalt cement (40-50) exhibit an improvement in rutting resistance. Sulfur and fly ash showed negative impact on rutting resistance for the range of load repetition studied.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"49 1","pages":"151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80830763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0160-0172
M. Golparvar, Afsaneh Rahmati Azarmonabadi
Organizational ethical climate components are important factors for employees and organizations. In this regard, this study was administered to investigate the role of organizational ethical climate components for organizational empathy and civic virtue. The research design was correlation one and the sample consisted of 278 employees of railway company, Esfahan, Iran. The research instruments were organizational ethical climate questionnaire, organizational empathy scale and civic virtue questionnaire. The research hypotheses were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. Furthermore of simple relationships between organizational ethical climate components with civic virtue and organizational empathy, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that during a series of relationships, caring and independence associate with civic virtue and rules and law along with service associate with organizational empathy. After all, the results of this study indicated that civic virtue and organizational empathy can be considered as variables with ethical based in the workplaces.
{"title":"Structural Model of the Relationship of Organizational Ethical Climate with Organizational Empathy and Civic Virtue: A Cognitive-Affective-Behavioral Approach to Ethics at Workplace","authors":"M. Golparvar, Afsaneh Rahmati Azarmonabadi","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0160-0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0160-0172","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational ethical climate components are important factors for employees and organizations. In this regard, this study was administered to investigate the role of organizational ethical climate components for organizational empathy and civic virtue. The research design was correlation one and the sample consisted of 278 employees of railway company, Esfahan, Iran. The research instruments were organizational ethical climate questionnaire, organizational empathy scale and civic virtue questionnaire. The research hypotheses were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. Furthermore of simple relationships between organizational ethical climate components with civic virtue and organizational empathy, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that during a series of relationships, caring and independence associate with civic virtue and rules and law along with service associate with organizational empathy. After all, the results of this study indicated that civic virtue and organizational empathy can be considered as variables with ethical based in the workplaces.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"5 1","pages":"160-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78559574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0143-0150
M. A. Dianty, A. Yahaya, F. Ahmad
Engineering properties of soils, collected from different sites designated for the erection of telecommunication towers, were obtained and analyzed. Probability distribution functions were fitted to this properties. Probability distribution function were fitted to this properties to predict the incidences of their occurance.. Correlation analysis also carried out to check for the relationships if any between the properties. A linear relationship was observed between plastic index and liquid limit, saturated unit weight and angle of internal friction, saturated unit weight and dry unit weight, degree of saturation and water content,saturated unit weight and cohesion, saturated unit weight and dry unit weight. The void ratio,bulk unit weight and dry unit weight were found to follow normal distribution; water content, liquid limit and plasticity index followed the gamma distribution; gravity specification, porosity, saturation, angle of internal friction and cohesion fitted weibull distribution and saturated unit weight fitted log-normal distribution. The study also found that porosity and void ratio have high probability of occurance at their threshold levels. This indicates an unfavorable condition for the soil at this sites
{"title":"Probability Distribution of Engineering Properties of Soil at Telecomunication Sites in Indonesia","authors":"M. A. Dianty, A. Yahaya, F. Ahmad","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0143-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0143-0150","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering properties of soils, collected from different sites designated for the erection of telecommunication towers, were obtained and analyzed. Probability distribution functions were fitted to this properties. Probability distribution function were fitted to this properties to predict the incidences of their occurance.. Correlation analysis also carried out to check for the relationships if any between the properties. A linear relationship was observed between plastic index and liquid limit, saturated unit weight and angle of internal friction, saturated unit weight and dry unit weight, degree of saturation and water content,saturated unit weight and cohesion, saturated unit weight and dry unit weight. The void ratio,bulk unit weight and dry unit weight were found to follow normal distribution; water content, liquid limit and plasticity index followed the gamma distribution; gravity specification, porosity, saturation, angle of internal friction and cohesion fitted weibull distribution and saturated unit weight fitted log-normal distribution. The study also found that porosity and void ratio have high probability of occurance at their threshold levels. This indicates an unfavorable condition for the soil at this sites","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"19 1","pages":"143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74735310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0116-0123
Ali Mazloomifar
This paper established a new, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of lead in human blood samples preconcentrated by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. In the proposed approach, diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone) was used as a chelating agent, and carbon tetrachloride and ethanol were selected as extraction and dispersive solvents. Important factors that would affect the extraction efficiency had been investigated including the kind and volume of extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, sample pH, the amount of chelating agent, extraction time and centrifugation time. The results showed that the coexisting ions contained in human blood samples had no obvious negative effect on the determination of lead. In the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection and enrichment factor were 0.04 ng mL -1 and 123, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for ten replicate determinations of 10 ng mL -1 was 2.87%. The linearity of method was between 0.10-200 ng mL -1 . The method was successfully applied for the analysis of lead in human blood samples. Keyword: Lead, Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, human blood
建立了在石墨炉原子吸收光谱法之前用分散液液微萃取法(DLLME)预浓缩测定人血中铅的新方法。该方法以二苯硫脲(dithizone)为螯合剂，以四氯化碳和乙醇为萃取和分散溶剂。考察了萃取溶剂和分散溶剂的种类和体积、样品pH、螯合剂用量、萃取时间和离心时间等因素对萃取效率的影响。结果表明，人血样品中共存离子对铅的测定没有明显的负面影响。在最佳实验条件下，其检出限为0.04 ng mL -1，富集因子为123。10 ng mL -1 10次重复测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.87%。方法线性范围在0.10 ~ 200 ng mL -1之间。该方法成功地应用于人体血液样品中铅的分析。关键词:铅，石墨炉原子吸收光谱法，分散液液微萃取，人体血液
{"title":"Analysis of Lead(II) in Human Blood Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry","authors":"Ali Mazloomifar","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0116-0123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0116-0123","url":null,"abstract":"This paper established a new, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of lead in human blood samples preconcentrated by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. In the proposed approach, diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone) was used as a chelating agent, and carbon tetrachloride and ethanol were selected as extraction and dispersive solvents. Important factors that would affect the extraction efficiency had been investigated including the kind and volume of extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, sample pH, the amount of chelating agent, extraction time and centrifugation time. The results showed that the coexisting ions contained in human blood samples had no obvious negative effect on the determination of lead. In the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection and enrichment factor were 0.04 ng mL -1 and 123, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for ten replicate determinations of 10 ng mL -1 was 2.87%. The linearity of method was between 0.10-200 ng mL -1 . The method was successfully applied for the analysis of lead in human blood samples. Keyword: Lead, Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, human blood","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"61 1","pages":"116-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79066381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0134-0142
A. Moghimi, Sahar Pourhossein Akbarieh
A simple, reliable and rapid method for preconcentration and modification of Graphene with N,N disalicylideneethylenediamine in order to prepare an effective sorbent for the preconcentration and determination of copper. The sorption capacity of N,N -disalicylideneethylenediamine -modified Graphene was 50 mg.g -1 and the optimum pH for the quantitative recovery of copper was found as 5.3. The optimum flow rate, sorbent amount and sample volume were 1.0 mL.min -1 , 300 mg and 50 mL, respectively. 5 mL of 4 mol.L -1 HNO3 was the most suitable eluent. The recommended method is simple and reliable for the determination of copper without any notable matrix effect and successfully applied to environmental water samples. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 4.6ng per mL. The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of Cu(II) in different water samples. In this method is relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 0.7%.
{"title":"Solid Phase Extraction of trace Cu(II) Using N,N´-disalicylideneethylenediamine Modified Graphene to Determination by FAAS","authors":"A. Moghimi, Sahar Pourhossein Akbarieh","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0134-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0134-0142","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, reliable and rapid method for preconcentration and modification of Graphene with N,N disalicylideneethylenediamine in order to prepare an effective sorbent for the preconcentration and determination of copper. The sorption capacity of N,N -disalicylideneethylenediamine -modified Graphene was 50 mg.g -1 and the optimum pH for the quantitative recovery of copper was found as 5.3. The optimum flow rate, sorbent amount and sample volume were 1.0 mL.min -1 , 300 mg and 50 mL, respectively. 5 mL of 4 mol.L -1 HNO3 was the most suitable eluent. The recommended method is simple and reliable for the determination of copper without any notable matrix effect and successfully applied to environmental water samples. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 4.6ng per mL. The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of Cu(II) in different water samples. In this method is relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 0.7%.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"13 1","pages":"134-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79274557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0105-0115
Abbas Ramezanzadeh Zeidi, Zabihollah Taheri, Ommolbanin Gholami Farahabadi
The present study focuses on the link between accounting conservatism and earnings management in Teheran Stock exchange listed companies. To this aim, the researches selected a statistical sample consisting of 154 companies and gathered statistical data for time period from 1385 to 1390. Using multiple variable combinational regressions, the researchers extracted the proper research model and examined the research hypothesis. The models developed for conservatism and earnings management were respectively book value to market value ratio of the stockholders' equity, and Jones's adjusted model. Primarily, research findings indicated that the models are insignificant and a significant link between conservatism and earnings management does not exist. However, when the researches fitted the examination based on logarithm of conservatism, they found out that there is significant and negative link between conservatism and earnings management.
{"title":"A Study on the Relationship between Accounting Conservatism and Earnings Management in Teheran Stock Exchange Listed Companies","authors":"Abbas Ramezanzadeh Zeidi, Zabihollah Taheri, Ommolbanin Gholami Farahabadi","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0105-0115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0105-0115","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the link between accounting conservatism and earnings management in Teheran Stock exchange listed companies. To this aim, the researches selected a statistical sample consisting of 154 companies and gathered statistical data for time period from 1385 to 1390. Using multiple variable combinational regressions, the researchers extracted the proper research model and examined the research hypothesis. The models developed for conservatism and earnings management were respectively book value to market value ratio of the stockholders' equity, and Jones's adjusted model. Primarily, research findings indicated that the models are insignificant and a significant link between conservatism and earnings management does not exist. However, when the researches fitted the examination based on logarithm of conservatism, they found out that there is significant and negative link between conservatism and earnings management.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"180 1","pages":"105-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80681801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0075-0082
Prakash Katakam, Saousen R. Diaf, B. Dey, S. K. Adiki, B. Chandu, K. Chowdary
Present study aims at comparative evaluation of drug release and permeability of diclofenac sodium loaded ethylcellulose (EC), cellulose acetate (CA) and eudragit (EU) microspheres. Microspheres of EC, CA and EU containing diclofenac sodium were prepared by an emulsification-solvent evaporation (oil-in-oil, o/o) method and were investigated for a comparative evaluation of various parameters. The microspheres were found discrete, free flowing, multinucleate, monolithic and spherical. About 5560% of all microspheres prepared were in the size range of -20+30 (715 m) mesh size. The encapsulation efficiency was in the range of 97.1106.4% with various polymers. The wall thickness of microspheres was in the range of 13.69-74.97m which depended on polymer employed and was directly proportional to polymer concentration. Diclofenac release from the microspheres was slow over longer periods of time and depended on the polymer used and coat:core ratio. Release was diffusion controlled and followed first order kinetics. Good linear relationships were observed between percent coat, wall thickness and release rate constant with all the three polymers. The slopes of percent coat vs release rate (k1) plots were found to be 0.4117, 0.2351 and 0.9762; and those of wall thickness (h) vs drug release rate (k1) plots were found 0.2549, 0.1863 and 0.7850 respectively for EC, CA and EU microspheres. The lower the slope the better is the controlling effect. Cellulose acetate exhibited better release-controlling effect than that of ethylcellulose and eudragit. The increasing order of diclofenac release rate and permeability observed with various microspheres was, cellulose acetate < ethylcellulose < eudragit RS100. The possible permeability of drug from the prepared porous micrsopheres could be due to osmotic pressure generated by diclofenac.
{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of Drug Release and Permeability of Ethylcellulose, Cellulose Acetate and Eudragit RS100 Microspheres","authors":"Prakash Katakam, Saousen R. Diaf, B. Dey, S. K. Adiki, B. Chandu, K. Chowdary","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0075-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0075-0082","url":null,"abstract":"Present study aims at comparative evaluation of drug release and permeability of diclofenac sodium loaded ethylcellulose (EC), cellulose acetate (CA) and eudragit (EU) microspheres. Microspheres of EC, CA and EU containing diclofenac sodium were prepared by an emulsification-solvent evaporation (oil-in-oil, o/o) method and were investigated for a comparative evaluation of various parameters. The microspheres were found discrete, free flowing, multinucleate, monolithic and spherical. About 5560% of all microspheres prepared were in the size range of -20+30 (715 m) mesh size. The encapsulation efficiency was in the range of 97.1106.4% with various polymers. The wall thickness of microspheres was in the range of 13.69-74.97m which depended on polymer employed and was directly proportional to polymer concentration. Diclofenac release from the microspheres was slow over longer periods of time and depended on the polymer used and coat:core ratio. Release was diffusion controlled and followed first order kinetics. Good linear relationships were observed between percent coat, wall thickness and release rate constant with all the three polymers. The slopes of percent coat vs release rate (k1) plots were found to be 0.4117, 0.2351 and 0.9762; and those of wall thickness (h) vs drug release rate (k1) plots were found 0.2549, 0.1863 and 0.7850 respectively for EC, CA and EU microspheres. The lower the slope the better is the controlling effect. Cellulose acetate exhibited better release-controlling effect than that of ethylcellulose and eudragit. The increasing order of diclofenac release rate and permeability observed with various microspheres was, cellulose acetate < ethylcellulose < eudragit RS100. The possible permeability of drug from the prepared porous micrsopheres could be due to osmotic pressure generated by diclofenac.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"60 1","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88436952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0067-0074
S. Gavanji, H. Mohabbatkar, H. Baghshahi, A. Zarrabi
Silver nanoparticles have anti-HIV features in early stages of virus amplification. The two existing disulfide bonds in carboxyl half of the HIV-1 GP120, which cooperate in conjugation of CD4 receptor, interact with silver nanoparticles. Studies on protein disulfide bonds were done using Metal Detector Predicts V2.0 software. All Cys and His residues in amino acid sequences were identified. Protein denaturation decreases disulfide bonds when silver ions couple with sulfhydryl groups. CTRPNNNTRKRIRIQRGPGRAFVTIGKIGNMRQAHC amino acid sequence in GP 120 plays a key role. Breaking this bond can alter spatial structure of the protein and prevents this part from connecting to CD4. Ultimately, nanosilver can prevent HIV from connecting to CD4.
{"title":"Bioinformatics Prediction of Interaction Silver Nanoparticles on the Disulfide Bonds of HIV-1 Gp120 Protein","authors":"S. Gavanji, H. Mohabbatkar, H. Baghshahi, A. Zarrabi","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0067-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0067-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles have anti-HIV features in early stages of virus amplification. The two existing disulfide bonds in carboxyl half of the HIV-1 GP120, which cooperate in conjugation of CD4 receptor, interact with silver nanoparticles. Studies on protein disulfide bonds were done using Metal Detector Predicts V2.0 software. All Cys and His residues in amino acid sequences were identified. Protein denaturation decreases disulfide bonds when silver ions couple with sulfhydryl groups. CTRPNNNTRKRIRIQRGPGRAFVTIGKIGNMRQAHC amino acid sequence in GP 120 plays a key role. Breaking this bond can alter spatial structure of the protein and prevents this part from connecting to CD4. Ultimately, nanosilver can prevent HIV from connecting to CD4.","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"35 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81095418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0083-0091
O. K. Festus, A. Lukman, O. Sunday, K. Akintunde
The spate of engineering structures collapse in Lagos metropolis with its attendant loss of lives and properties has assumed an alarming proportion in recent times. Efforts to mitigate such incidence has necessitated an integrated geophysical and geotechnical investigation of a proposed four storey building sites with a view to determine the suitability of the site for the proposed project. Resistivity investigation, un-drained multi-stage triaxial compression and oedometer consolidation tests were carried out to determine the engineering properties of the subsurface. The results revealed peaty clay to silty sand materials characterized by 35kN/m 2 75kN/m 2 cohesion values, (5°-13°) internal friction, 29.3% 64.5% natural water content and 1.652 – 1.972 Mg/m 3 bulk density. The allowable bearing capacity of 50 kN/m 2 , volume compressibility from 0.115 m 2 /MN to 0.666 m 2 /MN, initial void ratio and consolidation coefficient of 0.779 1.381 and 2.7 m 2 /year 8.3 m 2 /year respectively on the pressure range of 0 to 400 kN/m 2 and estimated settlement values of 114 to 273 mm were obtained for the site materials. These results are indicative of soft to stiff clays and presence of sands and silts in the essentially clayey deposit. The study area is thus underlain by extensive zone of ductile and low strength founding materials having medium to high compressibility and settlement value that exceeds the tolerable limit suitable for founding a four storey building and should therefore be avoided. These characteristics preclude the use of conventional shallow foundations, piles or vibro-replacement up
{"title":"Investigation of a Proposed Four Storey Building Sites Using Geophysical and Laboratory Engineering Testing Methods in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"O. K. Festus, A. Lukman, O. Sunday, K. Akintunde","doi":"10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0083-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0083-0091","url":null,"abstract":"The spate of engineering structures collapse in Lagos metropolis with its attendant loss of lives and properties has assumed an alarming proportion in recent times. Efforts to mitigate such incidence has necessitated an integrated geophysical and geotechnical investigation of a proposed four storey building sites with a view to determine the suitability of the site for the proposed project. Resistivity investigation, un-drained multi-stage triaxial compression and oedometer consolidation tests were carried out to determine the engineering properties of the subsurface. The results revealed peaty clay to silty sand materials characterized by 35kN/m 2 75kN/m 2 cohesion values, (5°-13°) internal friction, 29.3% 64.5% natural water content and 1.652 – 1.972 Mg/m 3 bulk density. The allowable bearing capacity of 50 kN/m 2 , volume compressibility from 0.115 m 2 /MN to 0.666 m 2 /MN, initial void ratio and consolidation coefficient of 0.779 1.381 and 2.7 m 2 /year 8.3 m 2 /year respectively on the pressure range of 0 to 400 kN/m 2 and estimated settlement values of 114 to 273 mm were obtained for the site materials. These results are indicative of soft to stiff clays and presence of sands and silts in the essentially clayey deposit. The study area is thus underlain by extensive zone of ductile and low strength founding materials having medium to high compressibility and settlement value that exceeds the tolerable limit suitable for founding a four storey building and should therefore be avoided. These characteristics preclude the use of conventional shallow foundations, piles or vibro-replacement up","PeriodicalId":14310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Knowledge","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77484777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.12983/IJSRK-2014-P0057-0066
Anubha Dubey
The introduction of disulphide bonds into proteins is an important mechanism by which they have evolved and are evolving. Most protein disulphide bonds are motifs that stabilize the tertiary and quaternary protein structure. These bonds also thought to assist protein folding by decreasing the entropy of the unfolded form. Amino acid cysteine plays a fundamental role in formation of disulphide bonds. In the present study, proteomics of disulphide bonding in HIV is studied through a machine learning model which has been developed to classify disulphide bonds from different species of lentiviruses like bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), Feline immunodeficiency virus, murine infectious virus (MIV) and equine infectious anaemia virus (EIV) and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Phylogenetic relationship is also studied by the prediction of disulphide bonding among these viruses. Hence by different algorithms of WEKA classifier J48 predicts better classification with an accuracy of 89.6104%.
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