Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3906
Egba Anwaitu Fraser, O. Okonkwo
The classical traveling salesman problem(TSP) is simple to state but difficult a problem to solve. TSP seeks to determine the total distance or cost of visiting (n-1) cities or points and returning to the starting city or point. In this research, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique is utilized for solving the problem of finding the optimal tour around the nine Niger Delta state capitals in Nigeria which is an example of a traveling salesman problem. The partially mapped(PMX) crossover operator and the inversion mutation operator techniques were employed due to their simplicity. Genetic algorithms are evolutionary techniques used in solving optimization problems according to the survival of the fittest. The method does not provide an optimal exact solution, rather, it gives an approximated result in time. Data required for the tour were obtained from an online google map website where the distances between the state capitals and their coordinates (longitude and latitudes) were obtained. The MATLAB software which is suitable for scientific computations was used in coding the results show that the BB algorithm yielded an optimal tour of 1351km with a cyclic tour of (X3,1), (X1,9), (X9,6), (X6,8), (X8,4), (X4,7), (X7,5), (X5,2), (X2,3) and then (X3,1) after nine (9) iterations. Solving using the genetic algorithm with the four genetic parameters population size(N), maximum generation(G), crossover probability (Pc), and mutation probability(Pn) were used and set to 30; 10; 0.8; and 0.1 respectively yielded an optimal path of (8476125398) which is with an optimal tour of 1124.0KMs. genetic algorithm yielded an improved result.
{"title":"GENETIC ALGORITHM APPROACH FOR OPTIMAL CYCLIC TOUR ROUND THE STATE CAPITALS IN NIGERIA’S NIGER DELTA REGION","authors":"Egba Anwaitu Fraser, O. Okonkwo","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3906","url":null,"abstract":"The classical traveling salesman problem(TSP) is simple to state but difficult a problem to solve. TSP seeks to determine the total distance or cost of visiting (n-1) cities or points and returning to the starting city or point. In this research, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique is utilized for solving the problem of finding the optimal tour around the nine Niger Delta state capitals in Nigeria which is an example of a traveling salesman problem. The partially mapped(PMX) crossover operator and the inversion mutation operator techniques were employed due to their simplicity. Genetic algorithms are evolutionary techniques used in solving optimization problems according to the survival of the fittest. The method does not provide an optimal exact solution, rather, it gives an approximated result in time. Data required for the tour were obtained from an online google map website where the distances between the state capitals and their coordinates (longitude and latitudes) were obtained. The MATLAB software which is suitable for scientific computations was used in coding the results show that the BB algorithm yielded an optimal tour of 1351km with a cyclic tour of (X3,1), (X1,9), (X9,6), (X6,8), (X8,4), (X4,7), (X7,5), (X5,2), (X2,3) and then (X3,1) after nine (9) iterations. Solving using the genetic algorithm with the four genetic parameters population size(N), maximum generation(G), crossover probability (Pc), and mutation probability(Pn) were used and set to 30; 10; 0.8; and 0.1 respectively yielded an optimal path of (8476125398) which is with an optimal tour of 1124.0KMs. genetic algorithm yielded an improved result.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"79 1","pages":"171-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76088803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3910
E. F. Nzunda
Motivation/Background: Management directives form the basis on which management prescriptions are set. The directives range from the general ones at global level to the local site-speci ic level. The current paper presents management directives of a forest management plan for implementation of a pilot REDD+ project for Masito Community Forest Reserve, Kigoma, Tanzania for the period 2012-2017. Method: Theworkmainly involved review of relevant documents enriched by discussions with project management. The directives were also discussed at a forest management planning workshop that involved members from the community-based organization that managed the target forest. Results: The results are organized under sections for (1) global initiatives, policy statements and directives focusing on the REDD+ strategy; (2) national initiatives, policy statements and directives. This focuses on national forest policy support for community based forest management and national REDD+ framework and strategy. (3) Management objectives and their management tools, which focus on statement of objectives, forest management zones and forest management units Conclusions: Themanagement directives formed the basis for the activities planned for the forest for 2012-2017. Also, the management directives should be used as baseline information for assessment of achievement of the planned activities.
{"title":"FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF A PILOT REDD+ PROJECT FOR MASITO COMMUNITY FOREST RESERVE, KIGOMA, TANZANIA FOR 2012-2017: MANAGEMENT DIRECTIVES","authors":"E. F. Nzunda","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3910","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation/Background: Management directives form the basis on which management prescriptions are set. The directives range from the general ones at global level to the local site-speci ic level. The current paper presents management directives of a forest management plan for implementation of a pilot REDD+ project for Masito Community Forest Reserve, Kigoma, Tanzania for the period 2012-2017. Method: Theworkmainly involved review of relevant documents enriched by discussions with project management. The directives were also discussed at a forest management planning workshop that involved members from the community-based organization that managed the target forest. Results: The results are organized under sections for (1) global initiatives, policy statements and directives focusing on the REDD+ strategy; (2) national initiatives, policy statements and directives. This focuses on national forest policy support for community based forest management and national REDD+ framework and strategy. (3) Management objectives and their management tools, which focus on statement of objectives, forest management zones and forest management units Conclusions: Themanagement directives formed the basis for the activities planned for the forest for 2012-2017. Also, the management directives should be used as baseline information for assessment of achievement of the planned activities.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"30-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73325958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3913
A. S, S. C, A. V, S. P, Meyyappan. Pl
Corona Virus Disease (COVID) is the newly identified communicable disease which originally found in China first and its spread was found all over the world. The spread made a huge impact among people around the world. In this study, the variation of trends in novel COVID spread is determined in the southern region of Tamilnadu state of India. Tamilnadu ranks in the seventh position in the total population among the 29 states in India. This can be one of the reasons for the spread of the disease. In this study, the trend patterns in the spread of disease are determined from May to November for the year 2020 in southern districts of Tamilnadu. The results of the CUSUM test indicated that all the districts had a statistically significant step jump in June. The Mann-Kendall test indicated that there is an increasing trend in June in all the districts and decreasing trend in October and November. From the results, it is suggested that the first phase vaccination can be implemented in Madurai, Virudhunagar, Kanyakumari and Thoothukudi districts.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF VARIATIONS IN TREND IN NOVEL CORONAVIRUS DISEASE IN SOUTHERN TAMIL NADU, INDIA","authors":"A. S, S. C, A. V, S. P, Meyyappan. Pl","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3913","url":null,"abstract":"Corona Virus Disease (COVID) is the newly identified communicable disease which originally found in China first and its spread was found all over the world. The spread made a huge impact among people around the world. In this study, the variation of trends in novel COVID spread is determined in the southern region of Tamilnadu state of India. Tamilnadu ranks in the seventh position in the total population among the 29 states in India. This can be one of the reasons for the spread of the disease. In this study, the trend patterns in the spread of disease are determined from May to November for the year 2020 in southern districts of Tamilnadu. The results of the CUSUM test indicated that all the districts had a statistically significant step jump in June. The Mann-Kendall test indicated that there is an increasing trend in June in all the districts and decreasing trend in October and November. From the results, it is suggested that the first phase vaccination can be implemented in Madurai, Virudhunagar, Kanyakumari and Thoothukudi districts.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80971585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The uninhabited yet socially active and culturally important Japanese island of Chikubu (Chikubu-shima) is situated towards the northern end of Lake Biwa in the Kansai region of Japan’s largest island of Honshū. Chikubu Island is linked to Shintō and Buddhist ritualistic culture and hosts tens of thousands of day-tripper pilgrims who travel there each year. But its cultural significance is also carried beyond its aquatic margins through multimodal signification in Japanese traditional performing arts where meaning connected with the island is portrayed through visual and sonic media. Extending discourse on islands and performing arts, this article shows how one culturally noteworthy Japanese island is imagined within creative practices and how island meaning is embodied in settings that are far removed from the island’s physical or lake environment. Expanding the scope of Island Studies, select creative works are discussed in terms of how they represent Chikubu Island through sound and symbol.
{"title":"Sounding the Island: Representing Chikubu Island in Japanese traditional performing arts","authors":"H. Johnson","doi":"10.21463/SHIMA.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21463/SHIMA.128","url":null,"abstract":"The uninhabited yet socially active and culturally important Japanese island of Chikubu (Chikubu-shima) is situated towards the northern end of Lake Biwa in the Kansai region of Japan’s largest island of Honshū. Chikubu Island is linked to Shintō and Buddhist ritualistic culture and hosts tens of thousands of day-tripper pilgrims who travel there each year. But its cultural significance is also carried beyond its aquatic margins through multimodal signification in Japanese traditional performing arts where meaning connected with the island is portrayed through visual and sonic media. Extending discourse on islands and performing arts, this article shows how one culturally noteworthy Japanese island is imagined within creative practices and how island meaning is embodied in settings that are far removed from the island’s physical or lake environment. Expanding the scope of Island Studies, select creative works are discussed in terms of how they represent Chikubu Island through sound and symbol.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91366227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3936
S. Datta
Students are the future of the nations. But they are totally neglected in the new normal situation also, due to new variant of SARS-Co-2 badly impacts children and young; hampers global education, health, and research, which is needed to steady-recovery the education-system by preparing the moral-education, regular activity-based online and offline shifting-digital-teaching-learning process, ICT-infrastructure and facilities, procedure and active involvement of learning, and need to tackle inequalities outside- and inside- the digital-classroom, vaccine-nationalism-equity-passport for all students, parents and family member also, school-dress-fumigation, nutritious-biomedicine-midday-meals-ginger-drinks, modern green-infrastructure and -facilities, forming the ‘Common-Ecofriendly-Complex-Ecosystem’, enriching the joyful-teaching-learning-process and environment, biodiversity conservation, agriculture, science-technology-communication, socio-economy-welfare, where keynote-species-owl, and bat secrets of immunity could confirm the clues to treating-COVID-19, developing the future-policy; the common-theme-“Vision-2040” fulfilling the “New-Normal 21st-Century-Futuristic-Green-Digital-School-Health Prevent Reinfection-Coronavirus-2 by Vaccine-Nationalism-Equity-Passport Bio-Medicinal-Meals-Ginger-Drinks!”, preventing transmission pandemic, future social- and academic losses, the digital-green-moral-teaching-learning and green-infrastructures form a common ecofriendly complex ecosystem for the futuristic school, and ultimately the ‘School will be the Mirror of the Society Again’.
{"title":"SUSTAINABLE REOPEN OF SCHOOL PREVENING REINFECTION-CORONAVIRUS-2 IN NEW-NORMAL BY VACCINE-NATIONALISM-EQUITY-PASSPORT WITH GINGER-DRINKS-BIO-MEDICINAL-MID-DAY-MEALS!","authors":"S. Datta","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3936","url":null,"abstract":"Students are the future of the nations. But they are totally neglected in the new normal situation also, due to new variant of SARS-Co-2 badly impacts children and young; hampers global education, health, and research, which is needed to steady-recovery the education-system by preparing the moral-education, regular activity-based online and offline shifting-digital-teaching-learning process, ICT-infrastructure and facilities, procedure and active involvement of learning, and need to tackle inequalities outside- and inside- the digital-classroom, vaccine-nationalism-equity-passport for all students, parents and family member also, school-dress-fumigation, nutritious-biomedicine-midday-meals-ginger-drinks, modern green-infrastructure and -facilities, forming the ‘Common-Ecofriendly-Complex-Ecosystem’, enriching the joyful-teaching-learning-process and environment, biodiversity conservation, agriculture, science-technology-communication, socio-economy-welfare, where keynote-species-owl, and bat secrets of immunity could confirm the clues to treating-COVID-19, developing the future-policy; the common-theme-“Vision-2040” fulfilling the “New-Normal 21st-Century-Futuristic-Green-Digital-School-Health Prevent Reinfection-Coronavirus-2 by Vaccine-Nationalism-Equity-Passport Bio-Medicinal-Meals-Ginger-Drinks!”, preventing transmission pandemic, future social- and academic losses, the digital-green-moral-teaching-learning and green-infrastructures form a common ecofriendly complex ecosystem for the futuristic school, and ultimately the ‘School will be the Mirror of the Society Again’.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"159 1","pages":"165-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89945886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3907
Juhaina Abdulrahiem, A. Sultan, F. Alaklobi, H. Amer, H. Alzoman
Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) is a type of bloodstream infection that is caused by microorganisms after the insertion of central lines. Paediatric Intensive Care Units have been studied to conduct this research on CLABSI in children from 2 to 15 years old. Children have been divided in two age groups that are 2-5 and 5-15 years. The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne has been chosen as a sample of this besides other five hospitals of Australia. A total of 350 patients are studied in the course of this research and 216 among them were inserted with central lines. Bloodstream infection has been identified in 49 patients from these 216 patients and CLABSI occurred in 75.51% of them that is 37 patients. Associated microorganisms and other underlying diseases are listed in this study to develop an idea about factors responsible for CLABSI.
{"title":"A COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE ON INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE AND COMPLEX ETIOLOGY OF CENTRAL LINE–ASSOCIATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTION IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNITS IN KING SAUD MEDICAL CITY","authors":"Juhaina Abdulrahiem, A. Sultan, F. Alaklobi, H. Amer, H. Alzoman","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3907","url":null,"abstract":"Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) is a type of bloodstream infection that is caused by microorganisms after the insertion of central lines. Paediatric Intensive Care Units have been studied to conduct this research on CLABSI in children from 2 to 15 years old. Children have been divided in two age groups that are 2-5 and 5-15 years. The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne has been chosen as a sample of this besides other five hospitals of Australia. A total of 350 patients are studied in the course of this research and 216 among them were inserted with central lines. Bloodstream infection has been identified in 49 patients from these 216 patients and CLABSI occurred in 75.51% of them that is 37 patients. Associated microorganisms and other underlying diseases are listed in this study to develop an idea about factors responsible for CLABSI.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"1 8 1","pages":"56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90737279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3904
Pranjal Jain, Punam Subhashlalji Katariya
In present scenario due to modern lifestyle and food habits most of the population are suffering from a common disease called as Amlapitta or gastritis. Ayurveda is a treasure of Knowledge. Ayurvedic science helps for removing root cause of diseases with the help of various Shodhan, Shaman treatment along with Pathyapathya. After treatment of diseases if proper Pathya not followed then recurrence of diseases occurs. In Ayurveda medicines as well as Pathya has equally important. For each diseases different Pathya described in Samhitas. In present we will discuss about importance of Pathya and Apathya in Amlapitta disease. Amlapitta is one of the Annavaha Strotas disease causes due to not following proper Pathya. It’s characterized by qualitatively and quantitatively increased Amla Guna of Pitta. The cardinal classical clinical features of Amlapitta are Avipaka (indigestion), Klama (tiredness), Utklesha (nausea), Tikta Amlaudagar (sour and bitter belching), HrutakanthaDaha (heat and throat burn) and Aruchi (anorexia). In Pathya Kalpana not only Hetus but proper follow of Dincharya and Rutucharya are important. Here attempted has to be made for various Pathya and Apathya are applicable for Amlapitta.
{"title":"AYURVEDIC APPROCH IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AMLAPITTA WITH THE HELP OF PATHYAPATHYA","authors":"Pranjal Jain, Punam Subhashlalji Katariya","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3904","url":null,"abstract":"In present scenario due to modern lifestyle and food habits most of the population are suffering from a common disease called as Amlapitta or gastritis. Ayurveda is a treasure of Knowledge. Ayurvedic science helps for removing root cause of diseases with the help of various Shodhan, Shaman treatment along with Pathyapathya. After treatment of diseases if proper Pathya not followed then recurrence of diseases occurs. In Ayurveda medicines as well as Pathya has equally important. For each diseases different Pathya described in Samhitas. In present we will discuss about importance of Pathya and Apathya in Amlapitta disease. Amlapitta is one of the Annavaha Strotas disease causes due to not following proper Pathya. It’s characterized by qualitatively and quantitatively increased Amla Guna of Pitta. The cardinal classical clinical features of Amlapitta are Avipaka (indigestion), Klama (tiredness), Utklesha (nausea), Tikta Amlaudagar (sour and bitter belching), HrutakanthaDaha (heat and throat burn) and Aruchi (anorexia). In Pathya Kalpana not only Hetus but proper follow of Dincharya and Rutucharya are important. Here attempted has to be made for various Pathya and Apathya are applicable for Amlapitta.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81059401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3921
Xuanze Zhao, Xiaohui Zhou
In view of the assessment methods of general education courses, an assessment and evaluation model is constructed, which consists of the usual results, material learning, cooperative discussion and classroom performance, and the final results, which are combined with on-site assessment and paper assessment. Introducing students to participate in the process assessment and on-site assessment of general education courses innovatively improves students' enthusiasm to participate in the general education class. In the process of empirical research, the order relation analysis method was firstly used to judge the importance of "homework summary, material learning, cooperative discussion, classroom performance ", etc., and then the weight coefficient was determined. Then the comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy mathematics was adopted. Homework summary, material learning, cooperative discussion, classroom performance review and field is not so easy to use, such as the exact scores show with the method of fuzzy evaluation, the process of fully reflect the students' learning process of a curriculum, and intensify students participate in class, let students participate in curriculum evaluation, can more active classroom and improve the effect of course.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE FUZZY EVALUATION BASED ON STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN GENERAL EDUCATION COURSE EXAMINATION","authors":"Xuanze Zhao, Xiaohui Zhou","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3921","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the assessment methods of general education courses, an assessment and evaluation model is constructed, which consists of the usual results, material learning, cooperative discussion and classroom performance, and the final results, which are combined with on-site assessment and paper assessment. Introducing students to participate in the process assessment and on-site assessment of general education courses innovatively improves students' enthusiasm to participate in the general education class. In the process of empirical research, the order relation analysis method was firstly used to judge the importance of \"homework summary, material learning, cooperative discussion, classroom performance \", etc., and then the weight coefficient was determined. Then the comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy mathematics was adopted. Homework summary, material learning, cooperative discussion, classroom performance review and field is not so easy to use, such as the exact scores show with the method of fuzzy evaluation, the process of fully reflect the students' learning process of a curriculum, and intensify students participate in class, let students participate in curriculum evaluation, can more active classroom and improve the effect of course.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"104-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79117072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3918
E. Shaaban
This study investigated the perceptions of science and math educators and their students at the Lebanese University related to online teaching and learning during the Covid-19 lockdown. For this purpose, two questionnaires were elaborated and validated based on two theoretical frameworks: The Community of inquiry for online learning environments and the Online collaborative learning theory. 35 educators (14 math and 21 science) and 245 students (109 math and 136 science) participated. Results showed that both science and math educators, with no significant difference between them, adjusted their courses for online teaching utilizing new resources shared with students. Online teaching allowed them to create an interactive community that encouraged students to explore concepts, construct explanations, apply and reflect on their learning. Both science and math students agreed that online learning enabled them to be more independent to explore new ideas and reflect on them with the instructor playing the role of a tutor rather than a knowledge transformer. The findings imply that online environment can allow active learning, and can provide the opportunity for students to acquire skills like, problem solving, critical thinking and collaboration. Further research is recommended related to critical thinking in online environment.
{"title":"SCIENCE AND MATH EDUCATORS AND THEIR STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF ONLINE TEACHING AND LEARNING: CASE OF THE LEBANESE UNIVERSITY","authors":"E. Shaaban","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3918","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the perceptions of science and math educators and their students at the Lebanese University related to online teaching and learning during the Covid-19 lockdown. For this purpose, two questionnaires were elaborated and validated based on two theoretical frameworks: The Community of inquiry for online learning environments and the Online collaborative learning theory. 35 educators (14 math and 21 science) and 245 students (109 math and 136 science) participated. Results showed that both science and math educators, with no significant difference between them, adjusted their courses for online teaching utilizing new resources shared with students. Online teaching allowed them to create an interactive community that encouraged students to explore concepts, construct explanations, apply and reflect on their learning. Both science and math students agreed that online learning enabled them to be more independent to explore new ideas and reflect on them with the instructor playing the role of a tutor rather than a knowledge transformer. The findings imply that online environment can allow active learning, and can provide the opportunity for students to acquire skills like, problem solving, critical thinking and collaboration. Further research is recommended related to critical thinking in online environment.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"86-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74971668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-31DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3932
S. Hulathduwa, A. Bandara, Aloysius M. D
Assault cases are commonly encountered in the day to day life of a Judicial Medical Officer or an Accident Service Surgeon. Most of the admissions to the Accident Service Unit of any major hospital in almost anywhere in the world are due to accidents and assaults. Accidents are preventable disasters and there are major organizations whose main role is to draw strategies and plans to prevent accidents. On the other hand, assaults are always man-made and the underlying factors are very different from those of accidents. Assaults are a serious health and economic burden in a country. Additionally, there are socio-economic, religious, ethnic, cultural and legal issues intermingled with the broad picture of ‘assaults’. Very few studies have been done in depth about assaults in the recent past which cover the multiple aspect of the issue. Even the conclusions drawn from the most extensive study on this subject may become obsolete and dilapidated after few years, as the patterns of wounding and the methods and trends are changing constantly across the globe. This justifies the necessity of continuous research by different authorities to this ever-changing subject. This study discusses certain demographic characters of victims, assailants, contributory factors and legal implications of assaults.
{"title":"A STUDY ON ASSAULT CASES ADMITTED TO COLOMBO SOUTH TEACHING HOSPITAL-SRI LANKA","authors":"S. Hulathduwa, A. Bandara, Aloysius M. D","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3932","url":null,"abstract":"Assault cases are commonly encountered in the day to day life of a Judicial Medical Officer or an Accident Service Surgeon. Most of the admissions to the Accident Service Unit of any major hospital in almost anywhere in the world are due to accidents and assaults. Accidents are preventable disasters and there are major organizations whose main role is to draw strategies and plans to prevent accidents. On the other hand, assaults are always man-made and the underlying factors are very different from those of accidents. Assaults are a serious health and economic burden in a country. Additionally, there are socio-economic, religious, ethnic, cultural and legal issues intermingled with the broad picture of ‘assaults’. Very few studies have been done in depth about assaults in the recent past which cover the multiple aspect of the issue. Even the conclusions drawn from the most extensive study on this subject may become obsolete and dilapidated after few years, as the patterns of wounding and the methods and trends are changing constantly across the globe. This justifies the necessity of continuous research by different authorities to this ever-changing subject. This study discusses certain demographic characters of victims, assailants, contributory factors and legal implications of assaults.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91164430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：