Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3920
M. Junus, Hary Nugroho, E. Pinandita, Shafa Fa’izah, Dian Fadilah
The aim of research to determine the effect of sludge that mixed with plant waste and livestock waste on soil nutrient content and Brassica juncea L. performances . The research method used was the experiment of adding local microorganism solution (LMS) of bananaweevil, coconut iber ash and eggshell lour into sludge of quail and octopus waste as organic fertilizer with a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 6 treatments and 4 replications . The treatments used consisted of P0: sludge 100%; P1 : sludge 50% + LMS 20%+Ash 10%+Eggshell Flour 20%; P2: sludge 50%+ LMS 20%+Ash 12.5% + Eggshell Flour 17.5%; P3: sludge 50% + LMS 20% + Ash 15% + Eggshell Flour 15%; P4: sludge 50% + LMS 20% + Ash 17.5% + Eggshell Flour 12.5% and P5: sludge 50% + LM S 20% + Ash 20% + Eggshell Flour 10%. The result showed that the treatment given had a very signi icant effect (P <0.01) on the total N content, elements P and K, but the highest average was obtained from P0 (100% sludge), so it can be concluded that substit ution had no effect on nutrient content. The average of total N values ranged from 1.15± 0.10 to 2.39 ± 0.40 percent, element P ranges from 2.65± 0.19 to 5.28± 0.19 percent and element K ranges from 1.08 ± 0.05 to 4.28 ± 0.21 percent. And for Brassica juncea L. pe rformance this treatment give a real effect (P <0.01) to the height and weight of a mustard plant wet and did not give an effect (P <0.05) to the number of leaves of mustard plants. The conclusion of this study are the mixed sludge waste had a signi icant effect on soil nutrient content and on Brassica juncea L. performance.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF BIOGAS WASTE ON NUTRIENT CONTENTS AND MUSTARD PLANTS ( BRASSICA JU NCEA L.) PERFORMANCES","authors":"M. Junus, Hary Nugroho, E. Pinandita, Shafa Fa’izah, Dian Fadilah","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3920","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of research to determine the effect of sludge that mixed with plant waste and livestock waste on soil nutrient content and Brassica juncea L. performances . The research method used was the experiment of adding local microorganism solution (LMS) of bananaweevil, coconut iber ash and eggshell lour into sludge of quail and octopus waste as organic fertilizer with a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 6 treatments and 4 replications . The treatments used consisted of P0: sludge 100%; P1 : sludge 50% + LMS 20%+Ash 10%+Eggshell Flour 20%; P2: sludge 50%+ LMS 20%+Ash 12.5% + Eggshell Flour 17.5%; P3: sludge 50% + LMS 20% + Ash 15% + Eggshell Flour 15%; P4: sludge 50% + LMS 20% + Ash 17.5% + Eggshell Flour 12.5% and P5: sludge 50% + LM S 20% + Ash 20% + Eggshell Flour 10%. The result showed that the treatment given had a very signi icant effect (P <0.01) on the total N content, elements P and K, but the highest average was obtained from P0 (100% sludge), so it can be concluded that substit ution had no effect on nutrient content. The average of total N values ranged from 1.15± 0.10 to 2.39 ± 0.40 percent, element P ranges from 2.65± 0.19 to 5.28± 0.19 percent and element K ranges from 1.08 ± 0.05 to 4.28 ± 0.21 percent. And for Brassica juncea L. pe rformance this treatment give a real effect (P <0.01) to the height and weight of a mustard plant wet and did not give an effect (P <0.05) to the number of leaves of mustard plants. The conclusion of this study are the mixed sludge waste had a signi icant effect on soil nutrient content and on Brassica juncea L. performance.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"130 1","pages":"297-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89008058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3955
Li-Wei Lin, Shi Wei
The main purpose of the classroom teaching reform is to improve students' learning motivation. To construct the learning rights and interests of students, the authority of teachers should not be so great, nor should the sense of responsibility of teachers be expanded infinitely. In contrast to the tradition of authoritative teacher education in China, to respect students as the subject of learning, the right to learn and the sense of responsibility, teachers should be oriented towards a softer way to manage their knowledge classrooms. The following is a course of "> for online payment and settlement", which gives me some inspiration: when it comes to the teaching philosophy of the course, it does not have to be explained in a rigid definition. We applied the "Online Payment and Settlement >" course in class to observe students' learning motivation, and observed students' learning conditions in class and after class, and applied and designed a series of classroom teaching reforms. We use the blended teaching model to achieve students' learning goals and further enhance students' learning confidence.
课堂教学改革的主要目的是提高学生的学习动机。要构建学生的学习权益，教师的权威不能太大，教师的责任感也不能无限膨胀。与中国传统的权威教师教育不同，尊重学生作为学习主体、学习权利和责任感，教师应该以更柔和的方式管理他们的知识课堂。下面是一门“> for online payment and settlement”的课程，它给了我一些启发:当涉及到课程的教学理念时，并不需要用一个严格的定义来解释。我们在课堂上应用《网上支付与结算》课程，观察学生的学习动机，观察学生课内和课下的学习情况，并应用和设计了一系列课堂教学改革。我们采用混合式教学模式，实现学生的学习目标，进一步增强学生的学习信心。
{"title":"RESEARCH REPORT ON THE REFORM OF CLASSROOM TEACHING BASED ON PROMOTING STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION","authors":"Li-Wei Lin, Shi Wei","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3955","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the classroom teaching reform is to improve students' learning motivation. To construct the learning rights and interests of students, the authority of teachers should not be so great, nor should the sense of responsibility of teachers be expanded infinitely. In contrast to the tradition of authoritative teacher education in China, to respect students as the subject of learning, the right to learn and the sense of responsibility, teachers should be oriented towards a softer way to manage their knowledge classrooms. The following is a course of \"> for online payment and settlement\", which gives me some inspiration: when it comes to the teaching philosophy of the course, it does not have to be explained in a rigid definition. We applied the \"Online Payment and Settlement >\" course in class to observe students' learning motivation, and observed students' learning conditions in class and after class, and applied and designed a series of classroom teaching reforms. We use the blended teaching model to achieve students' learning goals and further enhance students' learning confidence.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82424106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3941
N. Wijegoonawardana
The experience of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombing during World War II is the main feature of Peace Education in Japan. The historical significance of nuclear bombing is unique to Japan. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the impact of constructive approaches in a post-war traumatized society on Peace Education. The research seeks to explore Peace Education as being the most relevant and constructive approach for building a peaceful society. Therefore, this study will explore lessons learnt from post-war Japan. This study has primarily employed qualitative methods, with simple quantitative methods such as frequency and spatial analysis to investigate the study. The indings are expected to contribute towards the use of education to build a peaceful society. This research will also attempt to inculcate a positive attitude towards moral values.
{"title":"PEACE EDUCATION: LESSONS FROM POST-WAR JAPAN","authors":"N. Wijegoonawardana","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3941","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombing during World War II is the main feature of Peace Education in Japan. The historical significance of nuclear bombing is unique to Japan. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the impact of constructive approaches in a post-war traumatized society on Peace Education. The research seeks to explore Peace Education as being the most relevant and constructive approach for building a peaceful society. Therefore, this study will explore lessons learnt from post-war Japan. This study has primarily employed qualitative methods, with simple quantitative methods such as frequency and spatial analysis to investigate the study. The indings are expected to contribute towards the use of education to build a peaceful society. This research will also attempt to inculcate a positive attitude towards moral values.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81513695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-05DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3943
E. H. Tyas, Lamhot Naibaho
This study is about classroommanagement during theCovid-19Pandemic. This study aims to ind out how the classroom should bemanaged during the Covid19Pandemic. Itwas done atUniversitasKristen Indonesiawithin threemonths, from February – April 2021. Themethod of the study is library research, where the researchers were the instruments of this study. To answer the problem of the study, the researchers collect some documents related to school management taken from online and printed journals, books, articles. The documents analyzed to provide the answers to this study were taken from the library and Google Scholar. The result of this study is that good and correct management requires commitment from all elements involved in school management, parents of students and communitymemberswho aremembers of the school committee, and the community in the school environment during the Covid-19 Pandemic. To run the school management smoothly, the leadership must apply the principles of transparency and professionalism. So it is concluded that those involved in the school management should cooperate, and transparency and professionalism should be implemented during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
{"title":"HOW SHOULD THE CLASSROOM BE MANAGED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?","authors":"E. H. Tyas, Lamhot Naibaho","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3943","url":null,"abstract":"This study is about classroommanagement during theCovid-19Pandemic. This study aims to ind out how the classroom should bemanaged during the Covid19Pandemic. Itwas done atUniversitasKristen Indonesiawithin threemonths, from February – April 2021. Themethod of the study is library research, where the researchers were the instruments of this study. To answer the problem of the study, the researchers collect some documents related to school management taken from online and printed journals, books, articles. The documents analyzed to provide the answers to this study were taken from the library and Google Scholar. The result of this study is that good and correct management requires commitment from all elements involved in school management, parents of students and communitymemberswho aremembers of the school committee, and the community in the school environment during the Covid-19 Pandemic. To run the school management smoothly, the leadership must apply the principles of transparency and professionalism. So it is concluded that those involved in the school management should cooperate, and transparency and professionalism should be implemented during the Covid-19 Pandemic.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"272-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79469639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-04DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3942
S. Sitohang
In the current world of globalism and multiculturalism and the face of radicalism and terrorism, it is deemed necessary to prepare our students better to face today’s world challenges – to guide students to accept differences among them. Therefore, it is considered necessary to unravel their sense of humanity, being aware of ideas such as objecti ication and dehumanisation – to introduce students to the idea that we, humans, despite our different beliefs, ideals, political views, and religions, share common feelings, desires, andneeds. People come in different shapes, colours, and they all have their de iciencies. How do students deal with the injustice, the inhumanity around them? Do they understand acts of objecti ication anddehumanisation takingplace in theworld? Do theyunderstand the concepts? What are their ideas of the two terms related to humanity? Understanding these two keywordswill help students unravel within them some sense of humanity. This project highlights efforts to introduce students to a work of literature entitled “The Cleft” written by a Nepalese writer Prajwal Parajuly. The students read the story and are expected to uncover their sense of humanity by understanding the concepts of objecti ication and dehumanisation. What lessons can students draw after reading the story? After being introduced to the story and the concepts, students are expected to produce their art project as a re lection and reaction to the story and the ideas embedded in it.
{"title":"DEHUMANISATION AND OBJECTIFICATION: LESSONS FROM PRAJWAL PARAJULY’S “THE CLEFT”","authors":"S. Sitohang","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3942","url":null,"abstract":"In the current world of globalism and multiculturalism and the face of radicalism and terrorism, it is deemed necessary to prepare our students better to face today’s world challenges – to guide students to accept differences among them. Therefore, it is considered necessary to unravel their sense of humanity, being aware of ideas such as objecti ication and dehumanisation – to introduce students to the idea that we, humans, despite our different beliefs, ideals, political views, and religions, share common feelings, desires, andneeds. People come in different shapes, colours, and they all have their de iciencies. How do students deal with the injustice, the inhumanity around them? Do they understand acts of objecti ication anddehumanisation takingplace in theworld? Do theyunderstand the concepts? What are their ideas of the two terms related to humanity? Understanding these two keywordswill help students unravel within them some sense of humanity. This project highlights efforts to introduce students to a work of literature entitled “The Cleft” written by a Nepalese writer Prajwal Parajuly. The students read the story and are expected to uncover their sense of humanity by understanding the concepts of objecti ication and dehumanisation. What lessons can students draw after reading the story? After being introduced to the story and the concepts, students are expected to produce their art project as a re lection and reaction to the story and the ideas embedded in it.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"15 4 1","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89787195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-04DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3930
Pragati Nayak, H. Solanki
Globally more than half of the pesticides are utilized in Asia. India stands 12th in pesticide use globally and 3rd in Asia after China and Turkey. In present study, the data of different types of pesticides, pesticide use pattern and detailed pesticide consumption of the India and world were collected, organized and summarized. Agriculture is the most important sector of the Indian economy providing employment and livelihood to nearly 70% of the total population. And pesticides are an integral part of modern agriculture. Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are commonly used for pest control in agriculture. However, insecticides form the highest share in total pesticide use in India. India share only1% of the global pesticide use. India has utilized around 58160 tonnes of pesticide in 2018. Per hectare application rate of pesticide was 0.31 kg in 2017. Despite a low per hectare use of pesticides in India, their injudicious use has led to the presence of residues in both biotic and abiotic sections of the environment. The advance research and development in the field of bio-pesticides applications greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by the chemical synthetic insecticides residues and promotes sustainable development of agriculture. In India numerous bio-pesticides presently being developed may be exceptional replacements to chemical pesticides. There are many eco-friendly plant based and microbial bio-pesticides available in the market. Bio-pesticides consumption is only 8% in India. For sustainable agricultural development and to protect environment from adverse effect of chemical pesticides, formulation and utilization of bio-pesticides should be prompted.
{"title":"PESTICIDES AND INDIAN AGRICULTURE- A REVIEW","authors":"Pragati Nayak, H. Solanki","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3930","url":null,"abstract":"Globally more than half of the pesticides are utilized in Asia. India stands 12th in pesticide use globally and 3rd in Asia after China and Turkey. In present study, the data of different types of pesticides, pesticide use pattern and detailed pesticide consumption of the India and world were collected, organized and summarized. Agriculture is the most important sector of the Indian economy providing employment and livelihood to nearly 70% of the total population. And pesticides are an integral part of modern agriculture. Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are commonly used for pest control in agriculture. However, insecticides form the highest share in total pesticide use in India. India share only1% of the global pesticide use. India has utilized around 58160 tonnes of pesticide in 2018. Per hectare application rate of pesticide was 0.31 kg in 2017. Despite a low per hectare use of pesticides in India, their injudicious use has led to the presence of residues in both biotic and abiotic sections of the environment. The advance research and development in the field of bio-pesticides applications greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by the chemical synthetic insecticides residues and promotes sustainable development of agriculture. In India numerous bio-pesticides presently being developed may be exceptional replacements to chemical pesticides. There are many eco-friendly plant based and microbial bio-pesticides available in the market. Bio-pesticides consumption is only 8% in India. For sustainable agricultural development and to protect environment from adverse effect of chemical pesticides, formulation and utilization of bio-pesticides should be prompted.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"250-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76740732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies were conducted on assessment of molluscicidal and cercaricidal activities of leaves, fruits and endocarp of Balanite aegyptiaca Del against adult vectors of schistosomiasis (Biomphalaria pfeifferi) using standard methods. Preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted, where alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids were found present in leaves, fruits, and endocarp. Molluscicidal and cercaricidal activity test were also conducted. Snail mortalities were compared between each plant part and snail specie as well as LC50 of the plant parts were also recorded. The result obtained revealed that leaves extract was more susceptible to the death of the snail species. Comparing LC50, the leaves extract shows 0.0726 considered as the highest cercaricidal while fruits and endocarp showed highest LC50of 0.0531 and 0.0426 respectively.
{"title":"Laboratory Assessment of Molluscicidal and Cercaricidal Activities of Balanites aegyptiaca against Vectors of Schistosomiasis (Biomphalaria pfeifferi)","authors":"Muhammad Isa","doi":"10.52403/IJRR.20210558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/IJRR.20210558","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted on assessment of molluscicidal and cercaricidal activities of leaves, fruits and endocarp of Balanite aegyptiaca Del against adult vectors of schistosomiasis (Biomphalaria pfeifferi) using standard methods. Preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted, where alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids were found present in leaves, fruits, and endocarp. Molluscicidal and cercaricidal activity test were also conducted. Snail mortalities were compared between each plant part and snail specie as well as LC50 of the plant parts were also recorded. The result obtained revealed that leaves extract was more susceptible to the death of the snail species. Comparing LC50, the leaves extract shows 0.0726 considered as the highest cercaricidal while fruits and endocarp showed highest LC50of 0.0531 and 0.0426 respectively.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"479-486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75259723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-03DOI: 10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3946
Y. V. S. Rao
Vedic Paradigm is a survey of Vedic literature of ‘Para Vidya’ of the unlimited realm of transcendental knowledge besides ‘Apara Vidya’ knowledge of material sciences has stupendous knowledge of science latent in them. Instead of exploring the science latent in the vedic literature by scienti ic management, Indian academics in support with some more from other countries together chose to nomenclature the rich heritage of ancient Hinduwisdom as “Nationalistic Pseudoscience”. The present study disproved this unwarranted criticism. ‘Jyotish’, one of the six Vedangas and ancillary of the four Vedas since antiquity, taken here in this paper as one example as an embodiment of all modern sciences latent.‘Jyotish’ is de ined as the study of the effect of Astrophysics on the earth and all life living on it affording a clue to birth, death, rebirth and liberation of soul while affording proof that the entire subject together with the genesis of its principles is based on sunlight, the electromagnetic wave of light and radiation characterized by frequency or wavelength of oscillations.
{"title":"RICH HERITAGE OF ANCIENT HINDU WISDOM","authors":"Y. V. S. Rao","doi":"10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29121/GRANTHAALAYAH.V9.I5.2021.3946","url":null,"abstract":"Vedic Paradigm is a survey of Vedic literature of ‘Para Vidya’ of the unlimited realm of transcendental knowledge besides ‘Apara Vidya’ knowledge of material sciences has stupendous knowledge of science latent in them. Instead of exploring the science latent in the vedic literature by scienti ic management, Indian academics in support with some more from other countries together chose to nomenclature the rich heritage of ancient Hinduwisdom as “Nationalistic Pseudoscience”. The present study disproved this unwarranted criticism. ‘Jyotish’, one of the six Vedangas and ancillary of the four Vedas since antiquity, taken here in this paper as one example as an embodiment of all modern sciences latent.‘Jyotish’ is de ined as the study of the effect of Astrophysics on the earth and all life living on it affording a clue to birth, death, rebirth and liberation of soul while affording proof that the entire subject together with the genesis of its principles is based on sunlight, the electromagnetic wave of light and radiation characterized by frequency or wavelength of oscillations.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"240-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81555535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The persistent inflationary pressure despite monetary policy targets has become a phenomenon of interest among researchers. The study investigates the effects of monetary policy targets on inflation and its volatility in Nigeria using data spanning from 1985 to 2019. The ADF unit root test used confirmed that all the variables under study are integrated order zero in their level series. A Comparison of inflation volatility models (ARCH and GARCH models) with appropriate error distribution using AIC indicated that ARCH (1) is most appropriate. The results of least squares (LS) and maximum likelihood (ML) ARCH methods of estimation for the model specifications showed that measures of monetary policy targets such as narrow money supply (M1), broad money supply (M2), net domestic credit(NDC), net credit to government(NCG) and credit to private sector(CPS) have no significant effect on inflation and inflation volatility respectively except M2. However, M2 effect spurs inflation rather than curbing it. Hence, it becomes imperative for the government to make proactive policies targeted to reduce inflationary pressures so as to attain price stability in Nigeria’s economic space.
{"title":"Effects of Some Monetary Policy Targets on Inflation and Inflation Volatility: Evidence from Nigeria","authors":"G. AmaefulaC.","doi":"10.52403/IJRR.20210551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/IJRR.20210551","url":null,"abstract":"The persistent inflationary pressure despite monetary policy targets has become a phenomenon of interest among researchers. The study investigates the effects of monetary policy targets on inflation and its volatility in Nigeria using data spanning from 1985 to 2019. The ADF unit root test used confirmed that all the variables under study are integrated order zero in their level series. A Comparison of inflation volatility models (ARCH and GARCH models) with appropriate error distribution using AIC indicated that ARCH (1) is most appropriate. The results of least squares (LS) and maximum likelihood (ML) ARCH methods of estimation for the model specifications showed that measures of monetary policy targets such as narrow money supply (M1), broad money supply (M2), net domestic credit(NDC), net credit to government(NCG) and credit to private sector(CPS) have no significant effect on inflation and inflation volatility respectively except M2. However, M2 effect spurs inflation rather than curbing it. Hence, it becomes imperative for the government to make proactive policies targeted to reduce inflationary pressures so as to attain price stability in Nigeria’s economic space.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"412-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85259615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Private and State Universities are still faced with competition between universities to increase the number of students especially during the Covid 19 period. This research aims to analyze the effect of each of the variables of e-service quality, e-satisfaction, positive Word of Mouth / WoM, either directly or indirectly. Data were collected from 200 students from one of the best private universities in North Sumatra (Medan), and processed using Structural Equation Modeling / SEM. From the results of data processing, all tested hypotheses can be accepted, and research found that to encourage positive WoM, PTS must be sensitive to the creation of student satisfaction. Positive WoM can be an effective advertising promotion tool for PTS to get new student candidates through existing student recommendations. In addition, to increase e-customer satisfaction, PTS is required to always improve service quality that is delivered through online services.
{"title":"Enhance Strategy Promotion University of Medan Area to Increasing the Number of New Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Muhammad Fikri","doi":"10.52403/IJRR.20210553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52403/IJRR.20210553","url":null,"abstract":"Private and State Universities are still faced with competition between universities to increase the number of students especially during the Covid 19 period. This research aims to analyze the effect of each of the variables of e-service quality, e-satisfaction, positive Word of Mouth / WoM, either directly or indirectly. Data were collected from 200 students from one of the best private universities in North Sumatra (Medan), and processed using Structural Equation Modeling / SEM. From the results of data processing, all tested hypotheses can be accepted, and research found that to encourage positive WoM, PTS must be sensitive to the creation of student satisfaction. Positive WoM can be an effective advertising promotion tool for PTS to get new student candidates through existing student recommendations. In addition, to increase e-customer satisfaction, PTS is required to always improve service quality that is delivered through online services.","PeriodicalId":14316,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research","volume":"106 1","pages":"432-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75787807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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