In this paper, we investigate the research question ‘How are female dialect users from former industrial areas depicted in the media?’ by comparing media representations from two former industrial areas, namely Heerlen/Parkstad in the Netherlands and Ostfold in Norway. Both representations are parodic and can be characterised as ‘high performances’ (Johnstone 2011, p. 658), and we argue that these performances are informed by the class-divided, previously industrial societies in Heerlen/Parkstad and Ostfold. Our results show that being local seems to conflict with normative conceptions of femininity in these representations.
在本文中，我们调查了一个研究问题“媒体如何描述来自前工业区的女性方言使用者?”通过比较两个前工业区的媒体表现，即荷兰的Heerlen/Parkstad和挪威的Ostfold。这两种表现都是拙劣的，可以被描述为“高表演”(Johnstone 2011, p. 658)，我们认为这些表演是由Heerlen/Parkstad和Ostfold中阶级划分的、以前的工业社会所决定的。我们的研究结果表明，在这些表现中，本地似乎与女性气质的规范概念相冲突。
{"title":"Dialect speaking working-class women in the media","authors":"Karine Stjernholm, L. Cornips","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8511","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the research question ‘How are female dialect users from former industrial areas depicted in the media?’ by comparing media representations from two former industrial areas, namely Heerlen/Parkstad in the Netherlands and Ostfold in Norway. Both representations are parodic and can be characterised as ‘high performances’ (Johnstone 2011, p. 658), and we argue that these performances are informed by the class-divided, previously industrial societies in Heerlen/Parkstad and Ostfold. Our results show that being local seems to conflict with normative conceptions of femininity in these representations.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120840695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study looks at 4 variants of negative clitics in Norwegian, how frequently they are used and which types of verbs they combine with. Using corpora of spoken Norwegian, we look at how diffierent variants of the negative clitics vary in frequency of use and how each variant is constrained by the form of the verbs they cliticize to. In particular, we look at the preceding vowel interact with the negative clitic and how this interaction relates to the previous literature on Norwegian negative clitics.
{"title":"Morphophonological variation in Norwegian negative marker enclisis","authors":"Henrik Torgersen, P. Garbacz","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8513","url":null,"abstract":"The study looks at 4 variants of negative clitics in Norwegian, how frequently they are used and which types of verbs they combine with. Using corpora of spoken Norwegian, we look at how diffierent variants of the negative clitics vary in frequency of use and how each variant is constrained by the form of the verbs they cliticize to. In particular, we look at the preceding vowel interact with the negative clitic and how this interaction relates to the previous literature on Norwegian negative clitics.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121319447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristin Melum Eide, Marit Julien, Tor Erik Jenstad
Komplekse demonstrativer bestar av et definitt element, f.eks. den eller sa, og et deiktisk element som kan betegne det naere (proksimal, f.eks. her) eller det fjerne (distal: der). Slike komplekse demonstrativer tar ulike uttrykk i norsk, ikke minst i dialektene, der vi finner systemer som kan vaere til dels ganske ulike de to norske standardvarietetene. Vi finner systemer med flere distinksjoner enn i nynorsk og bokmal, f.eks. kasus; anforisk versus deik-tisk, men vi finner ogsa systemer med faerre distinksjoner enn i standardva-rietetene, f.eks. invariant deiktisk element uten kongruens i genus og nu-merus. Vi illustrerer de ulike systema med korpusdata fra ulike kanter av landet, henta fra bade gamle og nye korpus. Artikkelen har likevel ei ho-vedvekt pa midtnorske dialekter.
{"title":"Den herre språkdama på de derre tekstlabben","authors":"Kristin Melum Eide, Marit Julien, Tor Erik Jenstad","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8491","url":null,"abstract":"Komplekse demonstrativer bestar av et definitt element, f.eks. den eller sa, og et deiktisk element som kan betegne det naere (proksimal, f.eks. her) eller det fjerne (distal: der). Slike komplekse demonstrativer tar ulike uttrykk i norsk, ikke minst i dialektene, der vi finner systemer som kan vaere til dels ganske ulike de to norske standardvarietetene. Vi finner systemer med flere distinksjoner enn i nynorsk og bokmal, f.eks. kasus; anforisk versus deik-tisk, men vi finner ogsa systemer med faerre distinksjoner enn i standardva-rietetene, f.eks. invariant deiktisk element uten kongruens i genus og nu-merus. Vi illustrerer de ulike systema med korpusdata fra ulike kanter av landet, henta fra bade gamle og nye korpus. Artikkelen har likevel ei ho-vedvekt pa midtnorske dialekter.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I describe several new efficient algorithms for querying large annotated corpora. The search algorithms as they are implemented in several popular corpus search engines are less than optimal in two respects: regular expression stringmatching in the lexicon is done in linear time, and regular expressions over corpus positions are evaluated starting in those corpus positions that match the constraints of the initial edges of the corresponding network. To address these shortcomings, I have developed an algorithm for regular expression matching on suffix arrays that allows fast lexicon lookup, and a technique for running finite state automata from edges with lowest corpus counts. The implementation of the lexicon as suffix array also lends itself to an elegant and efficient treatment of multi-valued and set-valued attributes. The described techniques have been implemented in a fully functional corpus management system and are also used in a treebank query system.
{"title":"Designing efficient algorithms for querying large corpora","authors":"Paul Meurer","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8504","url":null,"abstract":"I describe several new efficient algorithms for querying large annotated corpora. The search algorithms as they are implemented in several popular corpus search engines are less than optimal in two respects: regular expression stringmatching in the lexicon is done in linear time, and regular expressions over corpus positions are evaluated starting in those corpus positions that match the constraints of the initial edges of the corresponding network. To address these shortcomings, I have developed an algorithm for regular expression matching on suffix arrays that allows fast lexicon lookup, and a technique for running finite state automata from edges with lowest corpus counts. The implementation of the lexicon as suffix array also lends itself to an elegant and efficient treatment of multi-valued and set-valued attributes. The described techniques have been implemented in a fully functional corpus management system and are also used in a treebank query system.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122265415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elizabeth Lanza, Mari C. R. Otnes & Unn Røyneland","authors":"E. Lanza, Mari C. R. Otnes, Unn Røyneland","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8523","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p></jats:p>","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116228540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denne artikkelen diskuterer pronominale demonstrativer i eldre norsk talesprak og i svensk skriftsprak fra 1800-tallet og moderne tid. Vi viser at pronominale demonstrativer er belagt hos talere fodt bade i Sverige og i ulike deler av Norge pa 1800-tallet, men at bruksbetingelsene er noe ulike i de to sprakene. Vi viser at han/hon i svensk ikke fungerer som demonstrativer, formelt sett, og antar isteden at de er syntaktisk reduserte pronomen som star hoyt oppe i kanten av DP, hoyere enn posisjonen for demonstrativer, og dublerer trekk lenger nede i nominalfrasen. I norsk, pa den andre siden, ser han/hun ut til a brukes som demonstrativer allerede pa 1800-tallet, pa samme mate som beskrevet av Johannessen (2008a, b).
{"title":"Pronominale demonstrativer: nye perspektiver fra norsk og svensk","authors":"Kari Kinn, I. Larsson","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8499","url":null,"abstract":"Denne artikkelen diskuterer pronominale demonstrativer i eldre norsk talesprak og i svensk skriftsprak fra 1800-tallet og moderne tid. Vi viser at pronominale demonstrativer er belagt hos talere fodt bade i Sverige og i ulike deler av Norge pa 1800-tallet, men at bruksbetingelsene er noe ulike i de to sprakene. Vi viser at han/hon i svensk ikke fungerer som demonstrativer, formelt sett, og antar isteden at de er syntaktisk reduserte pronomen som star hoyt oppe i kanten av DP, hoyere enn posisjonen for demonstrativer, og dublerer trekk lenger nede i nominalfrasen. I norsk, pa den andre siden, ser han/hun ut til a brukes som demonstrativer allerede pa 1800-tallet, pa samme mate som beskrevet av Johannessen (2008a, b).","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114693816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ‘Norwegian in America’ project, led by Janne Bondi Johannessen, has provided continued inspiration and access to document and study American Norwegian. This has contributed to a growing body of research on morpho¬syntax and, to a lesser extent, phonetics-phonology. Using compositional definiteness as an illustration, we show the benefits of incorporating these two perspectives to analyse variation in heritage languages. We strive for a holistic approach to two examples in order to demonstrate how variation in each grammatical domain interacts. In one case, this leads to an enriched understanding of the data, whereas the other case highlights an explicit need for future research. We believe that further work that includes both morphosyntax and phonetics-phonology is fruitful for our understanding of how multiple language domains interact in a heritage language setting.
{"title":"Crossing borders to enhance our understanding of variation in heritage languages","authors":"David Natvig, Yvonne van Baal","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8506","url":null,"abstract":"The ‘Norwegian in America’ project, led by Janne Bondi Johannessen, has provided continued inspiration and access to document and study American Norwegian. This has contributed to a growing body of research on morpho¬syntax and, to a lesser extent, phonetics-phonology. Using compositional definiteness as an illustration, we show the benefits of incorporating these two perspectives to analyse variation in heritage languages. We strive for a holistic approach to two examples in order to demonstrate how variation in each grammatical domain interacts. In one case, this leads to an enriched understanding of the data, whereas the other case highlights an explicit need for future research. We believe that further work that includes both morphosyntax and phonetics-phonology is fruitful for our understanding of how multiple language domains interact in a heritage language setting.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123589902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic of the paper is a small group of Norwegian dialects where lenition of p, t, k into b, d, g in intervocalic and word-final position is limited to words characterized by a monomoraic, stressed syllable in Old Norse. These dialects are spoken in the easternmost local communities in Agder county, at the eastern margin of the South-Norwegian lenition areas where lenition hit all short oral stops irrespective of preceding vowel length. After the quantity shift had made all stressed vowels bimoraic, with rimes being either VV or VC, the distribution of the lenited plosives are after both long and short vowels (the main area) or after short vowels only (the eastern marginal area). Haslum (2004) argues that the limited distribution in the east ist the result of a reversal after long vowels only. While this cannot be refuted as a possibility, I argue below that it may also be the result of a two-stage process, whereby lenition after a short vowel has spread further than the generalized process.
{"title":"Lenisering etter kort vokal: relikt-fenomen eller opphav?","authors":"Gjert Kristoffersen","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8500","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of the paper is a small group of Norwegian dialects where lenition of p, t, k into b, d, g in intervocalic and word-final position is limited to words characterized by a monomoraic, stressed syllable in Old Norse. These dialects are spoken in the easternmost local communities in Agder county, at the eastern margin of the South-Norwegian lenition areas where lenition hit all short oral stops irrespective of preceding vowel length. After the quantity shift had made all stressed vowels bimoraic, with rimes being either VV or VC, the distribution of the lenited plosives are after both long and short vowels (the main area) or after short vowels only (the eastern marginal area). \u0000Haslum (2004) argues that the limited distribution in the east ist the result of a reversal after long vowels only. While this cannot be refuted as a possibility, I argue below that it may also be the result of a two-stage process, whereby lenition after a short vowel has spread further than the generalized process.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121511897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work we consider some residual cases of OV order in Cimbrian and show that this is due to the interaction between verb movement, a language specific property, and the syntax of bare quantifiers. This has consequences on a general theory on the change of the basic word order, since it shows that the passage from OV to VO can involve different structures in different languages depending on other properties, hence it is not possible to trace a common path in the diachronic change for all languages that have undergone this mutation.
{"title":"Resilient grammars: On VO/OV in Germanic linguistic islands in Northern Italy","authors":"C. Poletto, G. Grewendorf","doi":"10.5617/OSLA.8507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5617/OSLA.8507","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we consider some residual cases of OV order in Cimbrian and show that this is due to the interaction between verb movement, a language specific property, and the syntax of bare quantifiers. This has consequences on a general theory on the change of the basic word order, since it shows that the passage from OV to VO can involve different structures in different languages depending on other properties, hence it is not possible to trace a common path in the diachronic change for all languages that have undergone this mutation.","PeriodicalId":143932,"journal":{"name":"Oslo Studies in Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132359540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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