Pub Date : 2022-04-02DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2058277
A. Alade, C. B. Wessels, Hannes Stolze, H. Militz
ABSTRACT The prospect of manufacturing durable structural laminated wood with copper and boron-based preservative-impregnated Eucalyptus grandis wood was previously investigated but revealed adhesive-bond performance below standard requirements. In this study, bonding process factors, viz. mechanical pretreatment (surface planing) and bonding pressure in conjunction with wood preservative and adhesive compatibility for improved bond performance in preservative-treated E. grandis laminates were investigated. The results obtained showed significant and satisfactory improvement in shear strength and delamination resistance of E. grandis laminates based on EN 14080:2013 [Timber structures — Glued laminated timber and glued solid timber — Requirements, BSI Stand. Publ. (2014) 1–110] requirements. The suitability of polyurethane, melamine-urea-formaldehyde, and phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesives for bonding copper azole (CA) and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT)-impregnated E. grandis wood was established. Satisfactory pathways, including greener process routes for manufacturing CA and DOT-impregnated E. grandis laminates for structural applications in tropical and subtropical climes were achieved. The established processes could be readily adopted industrially to enhance the global implementation of solid wood composites and promote hardwood bonding.
以前研究过用铜和硼基防腐剂浸渍的桉树木材制造耐用结构层压木材的前景，但发现胶合性能低于标准要求。在本研究中，研究了粘合过程因素，即机械预处理(表面刨平)和粘合压力，以及木材防腐剂和粘合剂的相容性，以改善防腐处理的大叶青层压板的粘合性能。结果表明，根据EN 14080:2013[木结构-胶合层压木材和胶合实木-要求，BSI Stand]， E. grandis层压板在抗剪强度和抗分层性方面有了显著而令人满意的改善。出版。(2014) 1-110]要求。研究了聚氨酯、三聚氰胺-脲醛和苯酚-间苯二酚-甲醛三种胶粘剂对唑铜(CA)和四水合辛硼酸二钠(DOT)浸渍木的粘接性能。令人满意的途径，包括制造用于热带和亚热带气候的结构应用的CA和dot浸渍E. grandis层压板的绿色工艺路线。建立的工艺可以很容易地在工业上采用，以加强全球实木复合材料的实施，促进硬木粘合。
{"title":"Improved adhesive-bond performance in copper azole and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate-treated Eucalyptus grandis laminates","authors":"A. Alade, C. B. Wessels, Hannes Stolze, H. Militz","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2058277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2058277","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The prospect of manufacturing durable structural laminated wood with copper and boron-based preservative-impregnated Eucalyptus grandis wood was previously investigated but revealed adhesive-bond performance below standard requirements. In this study, bonding process factors, viz. mechanical pretreatment (surface planing) and bonding pressure in conjunction with wood preservative and adhesive compatibility for improved bond performance in preservative-treated E. grandis laminates were investigated. The results obtained showed significant and satisfactory improvement in shear strength and delamination resistance of E. grandis laminates based on EN 14080:2013 [Timber structures — Glued laminated timber and glued solid timber — Requirements, BSI Stand. Publ. (2014) 1–110] requirements. The suitability of polyurethane, melamine-urea-formaldehyde, and phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesives for bonding copper azole (CA) and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT)-impregnated E. grandis wood was established. Satisfactory pathways, including greener process routes for manufacturing CA and DOT-impregnated E. grandis laminates for structural applications in tropical and subtropical climes were achieved. The established processes could be readily adopted industrially to enhance the global implementation of solid wood composites and promote hardwood bonding.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"139 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-19DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2050549
D. Ridley-Ellis, David Gil-Moreno, A. Harte
ABSTRACT This paper summarises the state of the art for strength grading of construction timber grown in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. It includes the latest approvals based on recent research on spruce, larch and Douglas-fir. It lists the following information along with the primary references: visual grading grades and strength class assignments; grading machines with approved settings for machine control grading; the species, size ranges and strength class combinations covered; and grade determining properties of specific strength classes for the UK and Irish markets. This paper is useful for those grading timber, and those specifying UK and Irish grown timber.
{"title":"Strength grading of timber in the UK and Ireland in 2021","authors":"D. Ridley-Ellis, David Gil-Moreno, A. Harte","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2050549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2050549","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper summarises the state of the art for strength grading of construction timber grown in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. It includes the latest approvals based on recent research on spruce, larch and Douglas-fir. It lists the following information along with the primary references: visual grading grades and strength class assignments; grading machines with approved settings for machine control grading; the species, size ranges and strength class combinations covered; and grade determining properties of specific strength classes for the UK and Irish markets. This paper is useful for those grading timber, and those specifying UK and Irish grown timber.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"127 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46488047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2048338
H. Younesi-Kordkheili, A. Pizzi
ABSTRACT A corn flour- lignin-glyoxal (CLG) green wood adhesive was prepared by esterification and polyisocyanate prepolymer crosslinking of corn flour. At first corn flour was esterified by maleic anhydride and 10% polyisocyanate was added to it. The modified corn flour was then added at various contents (2, 4 and 6% on resin solids) to phenolated lignin and glyoxal solution to obtain the CLG resin. According to the FTIR spectra, the ester groups (-C=O) at 1730 cm-1 increased due to the esterification of corn flour by maleic anhydride. The addition of the modified corn flour significantly increased the viscosity and solid content and accelerated the gelation time of CLG resins. DSC analysis indicated that increasing the modified corn flour continuously decreases the gel onset and curing temperatures of the resin. Greater mechanical strength and higher dimensional stability of panels bonded with CLG resins can be obtained by modification of corn flour.
{"title":"Preparation and properties of a modified corn flour-lignin-glyoxal as a Green wood adhesive","authors":"H. Younesi-Kordkheili, A. Pizzi","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2048338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2048338","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A corn flour- lignin-glyoxal (CLG) green wood adhesive was prepared by esterification and polyisocyanate prepolymer crosslinking of corn flour. At first corn flour was esterified by maleic anhydride and 10% polyisocyanate was added to it. The modified corn flour was then added at various contents (2, 4 and 6% on resin solids) to phenolated lignin and glyoxal solution to obtain the CLG resin. According to the FTIR spectra, the ester groups (-C=O) at 1730 cm-1 increased due to the esterification of corn flour by maleic anhydride. The addition of the modified corn flour significantly increased the viscosity and solid content and accelerated the gelation time of CLG resins. DSC analysis indicated that increasing the modified corn flour continuously decreases the gel onset and curing temperatures of the resin. Greater mechanical strength and higher dimensional stability of panels bonded with CLG resins can be obtained by modification of corn flour.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"119 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49341880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2039984
V. Melekhov, I. Solovev, Aleksandr Vladimirovich Emelyanov, T. V. Tyurikova, E. Sazanova
ABSTRACT The new drive for circular saw cutting unit, implementing linear induction motor (LIM), was suggested. The mathematical model for the arc drive of the saw cutting unit was developed, based on the two-dimensional theory. The new technology to improve performance of LIM, driving circular saw, was proposed. According to this technology, thin copper plates are placed on the saw surface, causing a better power factor of such linear induction drive. The series of experiments were conducted. The achieved results show a good match with theoretical calculations, confirming the developed mathematical model. The examined drive with copper-plated disc saw revealed significant improvements to the electrical and mechanical characteristics of such combined linear induction drive.
{"title":"The improvement of the circular saw cutting unit using linear induction drive","authors":"V. Melekhov, I. Solovev, Aleksandr Vladimirovich Emelyanov, T. V. Tyurikova, E. Sazanova","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2039984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2039984","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The new drive for circular saw cutting unit, implementing linear induction motor (LIM), was suggested. The mathematical model for the arc drive of the saw cutting unit was developed, based on the two-dimensional theory. The new technology to improve performance of LIM, driving circular saw, was proposed. According to this technology, thin copper plates are placed on the saw surface, causing a better power factor of such linear induction drive. The series of experiments were conducted. The achieved results show a good match with theoretical calculations, confirming the developed mathematical model. The examined drive with copper-plated disc saw revealed significant improvements to the electrical and mechanical characteristics of such combined linear induction drive.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"115 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46856453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2039983
M. Rahman, E. Jahan, Jannatun Nayeem, K. M. Y. Arafat, A. Sarwar, M. Uddin, M. Jahan
ABSTRACT This paper characterizes Erythrina fusca Lour. in terms of anatomical, morphological and chemical properties to evaluate its efficacy as a pulping raw material. It is characterized with 47.0% α-cellulose and 28.8% lignin content with a fibre length of 1.11 mm. The vessels (pores) are distinct and form porous semi-rings, with a row of larger pores at the beginning of the growth layer, which facilitate penetration of chemicals during the cooking phase of pulping. Kraft pulping of E. fusca was carried out by varying cooking temperature, time and alkali charge. At optimum condition of 14% active alkali for 2 h of cooking at 170°C, pulp yield was 40% with kappa number of 26.6. The papermaking properties were also evaluated and showed tensile index of 52.4 N m g−1 with tear index of6.8 mN m2 g−1 at oSR of 57. This species can be used as a raw material for writing and printing grade pulp.
摘要本文研究了红藓属植物的特性。从解剖学、形态学和化学性质等方面评价其作为制浆原料的功效。其α-纤维素含量为47.0%，木质素含量为28.8%，纤维长度为1.11 mm。血管(孔隙)明显，形成多孔半环，在生长层的开始有一排较大的孔隙，这有利于在制浆蒸煮阶段化学物质的渗透。通过改变蒸煮温度、蒸煮时间和加碱量，对褐煤进行硫酸盐制浆。在170℃、活性碱含量为14%、蒸煮2 h的最佳条件下，纸浆得率为40%，kappa值为26.6。在oSR为57时，拉伸指数为52.4 N m2 g−1，撕裂指数为6.8 mN m2 g−1。本种可作为书写和印刷级纸浆的原料。
{"title":"Evaluation of Erythrina fusca Lour. as a pulping raw material","authors":"M. Rahman, E. Jahan, Jannatun Nayeem, K. M. Y. Arafat, A. Sarwar, M. Uddin, M. Jahan","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2039983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2039983","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper characterizes Erythrina fusca Lour. in terms of anatomical, morphological and chemical properties to evaluate its efficacy as a pulping raw material. It is characterized with 47.0% α-cellulose and 28.8% lignin content with a fibre length of 1.11 mm. The vessels (pores) are distinct and form porous semi-rings, with a row of larger pores at the beginning of the growth layer, which facilitate penetration of chemicals during the cooking phase of pulping. Kraft pulping of E. fusca was carried out by varying cooking temperature, time and alkali charge. At optimum condition of 14% active alkali for 2 h of cooking at 170°C, pulp yield was 40% with kappa number of 26.6. The papermaking properties were also evaluated and showed tensile index of 52.4 N m g−1 with tear index of6.8 mN m2 g−1 at oSR of 57. This species can be used as a raw material for writing and printing grade pulp.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"107 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49006332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2036932
Murzabyek Sarkhad, F. Ishiguri, I. Nezu, Bayasaa Tumenjargal, Yusuke Takahashi, Bayartsetseg Baasan, Ganbaatar Chultem, J. Ohshima, S. Yokota
ABSTRACT Log characteristics and basic density were evaluated in four common Mongolian softwoods, Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Picea obovata Ledeb., and Larix sibirica Ledeb. by developing the linear or nonlinear mixed-effects models for longitudinal and radial variations of measured characteristics. Total of 19 trees from four species were used in this study. Log taper and juvenile wood percentage increased from base to treetop in all species, except for log taper in Pinus sylvestris. Dynamic young’s modulus of logs decreased from base to treetop, and the mean values were 7.81, 5.74, 7.12, and 8.78 GPa for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and Larix sibirica, respectively. Basic density increased (Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica) or decreased (Pinus sibirica and Picea obovata) and then became stable values. The estimated whole tree values of basic density in juvenile wood significantly differed from those in mature wood for all species.
{"title":"Log characteristics and basic density of four common Mongolian softwoods","authors":"Murzabyek Sarkhad, F. Ishiguri, I. Nezu, Bayasaa Tumenjargal, Yusuke Takahashi, Bayartsetseg Baasan, Ganbaatar Chultem, J. Ohshima, S. Yokota","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2036932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2036932","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Log characteristics and basic density were evaluated in four common Mongolian softwoods, Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Picea obovata Ledeb., and Larix sibirica Ledeb. by developing the linear or nonlinear mixed-effects models for longitudinal and radial variations of measured characteristics. Total of 19 trees from four species were used in this study. Log taper and juvenile wood percentage increased from base to treetop in all species, except for log taper in Pinus sylvestris. Dynamic young’s modulus of logs decreased from base to treetop, and the mean values were 7.81, 5.74, 7.12, and 8.78 GPa for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and Larix sibirica, respectively. Basic density increased (Pinus sylvestris and Larix sibirica) or decreased (Pinus sibirica and Picea obovata) and then became stable values. The estimated whole tree values of basic density in juvenile wood significantly differed from those in mature wood for all species.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"99 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44923160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-03DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2021.2018100
Wei-long Chen, F. Chao
ABSTRACT High-speed wood sawing results in an uneven surface were evaluated. Machine structure was redesigned to reduce noise and unevenness of such sawing. A crawler track is driven by an auxiliary wheel. The roller seat on top of the board saw stabilises chain pieces. Investigations revealed some influencing mechanical factors, including static deformation, resonance excitation, and rigid body collision. A complete chain feed model was constructed to analyse related acoustic noise. Quantitative analysis enabled a successful redesign of chain feed elements. Chain feed simulation enabled the reduction of conflicting factors and revealed the optimal shape for chain links. The structural deformation of die casting indicated the possibility of variation in the chain shape. The flatness of the chain surface was reduced, and noise generated during the collision of links was minimised. Simplified modelling enabled identification of problems in the multi-blade system.
{"title":"Vibration-dependent cutting marks and redesign of crawler track of a multiblade saw","authors":"Wei-long Chen, F. Chao","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2021.2018100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2021.2018100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT High-speed wood sawing results in an uneven surface were evaluated. Machine structure was redesigned to reduce noise and unevenness of such sawing. A crawler track is driven by an auxiliary wheel. The roller seat on top of the board saw stabilises chain pieces. Investigations revealed some influencing mechanical factors, including static deformation, resonance excitation, and rigid body collision. A complete chain feed model was constructed to analyse related acoustic noise. Quantitative analysis enabled a successful redesign of chain feed elements. Chain feed simulation enabled the reduction of conflicting factors and revealed the optimal shape for chain links. The structural deformation of die casting indicated the possibility of variation in the chain shape. The flatness of the chain surface was reduced, and noise generated during the collision of links was minimised. Simplified modelling enabled identification of problems in the multi-blade system.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"73 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44953631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-17DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2025650
Gilbert L Michaud, J. Riley, G. J. Jolley, D. Belleville
ABSTRACT In this study, we conducted a survey to quantify and assess the generation of wood waste by Ohio’s wood industry cluster. We find that large amounts of wood waste are produced in the state, and that limited markets exist for their use. These findings suggest a potential need for cooperative structures to manage and find markets for sawmills, as well as the need for a recycling facility to handle this material that is otherwise landfilled.
{"title":"Industry survey of wood waste markets in Ohio","authors":"Gilbert L Michaud, J. Riley, G. J. Jolley, D. Belleville","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2025650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2025650","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, we conducted a survey to quantify and assess the generation of wood waste by Ohio’s wood industry cluster. We find that large amounts of wood waste are produced in the state, and that limited markets exist for their use. These findings suggest a potential need for cooperative structures to manage and find markets for sawmills, as well as the need for a recycling facility to handle this material that is otherwise landfilled.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"91 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2022.2027686
G. Sawyer
Impact of Crumb Rubber Reinforcement on the Properties of Wood–Plastic Composites Crumb rubber from motor tyres can be usedto reduce the environmental effect of tyre disposal. Libin Babu at North Park University, Chicago, USA, has investigated the potential for using this material in the manufacture of wood plastic composites. The paper considers mechanical properties as well as heat release during combustion and CO2 release. Libin Babu lkbabu@northpark.edu
{"title":"Copy for In this issue for 12.04 issue","authors":"G. Sawyer","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2022.2027686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2022.2027686","url":null,"abstract":"Impact of Crumb Rubber Reinforcement on the Properties of Wood–Plastic Composites Crumb rubber from motor tyres can be usedto reduce the environmental effect of tyre disposal. Libin Babu at North Park University, Chicago, USA, has investigated the potential for using this material in the manufacture of wood plastic composites. The paper considers mechanical properties as well as heat release during combustion and CO2 release. Libin Babu lkbabu@northpark.edu","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42863580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1080/20426445.2021.2011553
Kunal Mishra, L. K. Babu, Ruiqing Shen, Qingsheng Wang, Raman P. Singh
ABSTRACT The use of crumb rubber is one form of recycling scrap tires that can aid in addressing the environmental concerns of tire disposal. In the present investigation, reinforced wood–plastic composites (WPCs) were manufactured incorporating crumb rubber. The bulk density of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC was found to be 19% higher than the baseline materials. This indicated that crumb rubber assisted in the consolidation process. Both baseline and crumb rubber-reinforced WPC materials were mechanically characterized according to ASTM D 1037. Compression modulus of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC showed an increase of 200% as compared to baseline WPC. Cone calorimetry demonstrated that the peak heat release rate, the maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE), effective heat of combustion, and fuel load of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC were lower than the baseline WPC. Nonetheless, it was observed that the amount of CO and CO2 produced were more in the case of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC.
橡胶屑的使用是回收废旧轮胎的一种形式，可以帮助解决轮胎处置的环境问题。在本研究中，以橡胶屑为原料制备了增强木塑复合材料。颗粒橡胶增强木塑的容重比基准材料高出19%。这表明橡胶屑有助于固结过程。基线和颗粒橡胶增强木塑材料均根据ASTM D 1037进行机械表征。颗粒橡胶增强木塑复合材料的压缩模量比基线木塑复合材料提高了200%。锥形量热法测定结果表明，木质复合材料的峰值放热率、最大平均放热率(MARHE)、有效燃烧热和燃料负荷均低于基准木质复合材料。尽管如此，据观察，CO和CO2的量产生更多的情况下，碎橡胶增强木复合材料。
{"title":"Impact of crumb rubber reinforcement on the properties of wood–plastic composites","authors":"Kunal Mishra, L. K. Babu, Ruiqing Shen, Qingsheng Wang, Raman P. Singh","doi":"10.1080/20426445.2021.2011553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20426445.2021.2011553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of crumb rubber is one form of recycling scrap tires that can aid in addressing the environmental concerns of tire disposal. In the present investigation, reinforced wood–plastic composites (WPCs) were manufactured incorporating crumb rubber. The bulk density of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC was found to be 19% higher than the baseline materials. This indicated that crumb rubber assisted in the consolidation process. Both baseline and crumb rubber-reinforced WPC materials were mechanically characterized according to ASTM D 1037. Compression modulus of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC showed an increase of 200% as compared to baseline WPC. Cone calorimetry demonstrated that the peak heat release rate, the maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE), effective heat of combustion, and fuel load of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC were lower than the baseline WPC. Nonetheless, it was observed that the amount of CO and CO2 produced were more in the case of crumb rubber-reinforced WPC.","PeriodicalId":14414,"journal":{"name":"International Wood Products Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"41 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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