Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2019.1641651
H. Nersisyan, Jong Hyeon Lee, Hyun You Kim, S. Ryu, B. Yoo
ABSTRACT Recent developments have seen breakthroughs in zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional AlN micro- and nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, thin films and 3D multifold symmetry crystals. The attractive electrical, optical, and thermal properties of AlN make these materials irreplaceable for microelectrochemical systems (MEMS), surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and light emitting diodes (LED). The significant interest in the field of AlN nanostructure synthesis and application encouraged us to summarise the reported data to better understand the physical and chemical aspects of AlN crystal growth processes. Four main topics are covered in this review article: (1) the morphological diversity of AlN nano- and microstructures; (2) formation mechanisms and growth dynamics; (3) theoretical simulation of growth processes based on density functional theory (DFT) and phase field (PF) modelling approaches; (4) application and devices. This article also provides a perspective on future research relevant to AlN micro- and nanostructures.
{"title":"Morphological diversity of AlN nano- and microstructures: synthesis, growth orientations and theoretical modelling","authors":"H. Nersisyan, Jong Hyeon Lee, Hyun You Kim, S. Ryu, B. Yoo","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2019.1641651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1641651","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent developments have seen breakthroughs in zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional AlN micro- and nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, thin films and 3D multifold symmetry crystals. The attractive electrical, optical, and thermal properties of AlN make these materials irreplaceable for microelectrochemical systems (MEMS), surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and light emitting diodes (LED). The significant interest in the field of AlN nanostructure synthesis and application encouraged us to summarise the reported data to better understand the physical and chemical aspects of AlN crystal growth processes. Four main topics are covered in this review article: (1) the morphological diversity of AlN nano- and microstructures; (2) formation mechanisms and growth dynamics; (3) theoretical simulation of growth processes based on density functional theory (DFT) and phase field (PF) modelling approaches; (4) application and devices. This article also provides a perspective on future research relevant to AlN micro- and nanostructures.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"65 1","pages":"323 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2019.1641651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48069888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-10DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2020.1801229
Krista Carlson, Levi D. Gardner, Jeremy Moon, B. Riley, J. Amoroso, D. Chidambaram
ABSTRACT The molten salt reactor (MSR) is one of the leading advanced nuclear reactor candidates to replace current nuclear reactor technologies in the U.S. Besides having more economical and reliable designs, MSRs are amenable to a closed fuel cycle, in which electrochemical reprocessing can be performed to recycle the used nuclear fuel. This review intends to provide information about potential waste forms for metal and salt waste streams from these salt-based nuclear processes. Metal waste streams arise from reactor components and structural materials. Salt waste streams are generated during reactor operations as fission products build up in salt-fuelled systems. Waste forms that have the highest waste loading and/or have shown the most commercial promise are discussed with an emphasis on the current state of efforts to understand the synthesis and chemical durability of metal and ceramic waste forms.
{"title":"Molten salt reactors and electrochemical reprocessing: synthesis and chemical durability of potential waste forms for metal and salt waste streams","authors":"Krista Carlson, Levi D. Gardner, Jeremy Moon, B. Riley, J. Amoroso, D. Chidambaram","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2020.1801229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2020.1801229","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The molten salt reactor (MSR) is one of the leading advanced nuclear reactor candidates to replace current nuclear reactor technologies in the U.S. Besides having more economical and reliable designs, MSRs are amenable to a closed fuel cycle, in which electrochemical reprocessing can be performed to recycle the used nuclear fuel. This review intends to provide information about potential waste forms for metal and salt waste streams from these salt-based nuclear processes. Metal waste streams arise from reactor components and structural materials. Salt waste streams are generated during reactor operations as fission products build up in salt-fuelled systems. Waste forms that have the highest waste loading and/or have shown the most commercial promise are discussed with an emphasis on the current state of efforts to understand the synthesis and chemical durability of metal and ceramic waste forms.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"66 1","pages":"339 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2020.1801229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45823326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2019.1638581
C. Dong, Zi-Jian Wang, Shuang Zhang, Ying-Min Wang
ABSTRACT Composition interpretation of metallic glasses with high glass-forming abilities is an important issue, which relies on insights into their complex atomic structures. With the aim of illustrating the advance in structural modelling of metallic glasses, representative atomic and electronic structural models are summarised in this review, including Bernal’s dense random packing model, Gaskell’s stereochemical model, Miracle’s efficient cluster packing model, Nagel and Tauc’s nearly free electron model, Häussler’s global resonance model, and our cluster-plus-glue-atom and cluster-resonance models. Their capabilities as well as limitations to interpret compositions of good glass formers are focused. With aides of these theoretical models, fairly accurate interpretation and eventually design of metallic glasses with large glass-forming abilities could be envisaged.
{"title":"Review of structural models for the compositional interpretation of metallic glasses","authors":"C. Dong, Zi-Jian Wang, Shuang Zhang, Ying-Min Wang","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2019.1638581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1638581","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Composition interpretation of metallic glasses with high glass-forming abilities is an important issue, which relies on insights into their complex atomic structures. With the aim of illustrating the advance in structural modelling of metallic glasses, representative atomic and electronic structural models are summarised in this review, including Bernal’s dense random packing model, Gaskell’s stereochemical model, Miracle’s efficient cluster packing model, Nagel and Tauc’s nearly free electron model, Häussler’s global resonance model, and our cluster-plus-glue-atom and cluster-resonance models. Their capabilities as well as limitations to interpret compositions of good glass formers are focused. With aides of these theoretical models, fairly accurate interpretation and eventually design of metallic glasses with large glass-forming abilities could be envisaged.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"65 1","pages":"286 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2019.1638581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45758625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-03DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2019.1694779
Maziar Montazerian, Edgar Dutra Zanotto, J. Mauro
ABSTRACT Research in bioactive glasses (BGs) has traditionally been performed through trial-and-error experimentation. However, several modelling techniques will accelerate the discovery of new BGs as part of the ongoing endeavour to ‘decode the glass genome.’ Here, we critically review recent publications applying molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning approaches, and other modelling techniques for understanding BGs. We argue that modelling should be utilised more frequently in the design of BGs to achieve properties such as high bioactivity, high fracture strength and toughness, low density, and controlled morphology. Another challenge is modelling the biological response to biomaterials, such as their ability to foster protein adsorption, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and bactericidal effects. The development of databases integrated with robust computational tools will be indispensable to these efforts. Future challenges are thus envisaged in which the compositional design, synthesis, characterisation, and application of BGs can be greatly accelerated by computational modelling.
{"title":"Model-driven design of bioactive glasses: from molecular dynamics through machine learning","authors":"Maziar Montazerian, Edgar Dutra Zanotto, J. Mauro","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2019.1694779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1694779","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research in bioactive glasses (BGs) has traditionally been performed through trial-and-error experimentation. However, several modelling techniques will accelerate the discovery of new BGs as part of the ongoing endeavour to ‘decode the glass genome.’ Here, we critically review recent publications applying molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning approaches, and other modelling techniques for understanding BGs. We argue that modelling should be utilised more frequently in the design of BGs to achieve properties such as high bioactivity, high fracture strength and toughness, low density, and controlled morphology. Another challenge is modelling the biological response to biomaterials, such as their ability to foster protein adsorption, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and bactericidal effects. The development of databases integrated with robust computational tools will be indispensable to these efforts. Future challenges are thus envisaged in which the compositional design, synthesis, characterisation, and application of BGs can be greatly accelerated by computational modelling.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"65 1","pages":"297 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2019.1694779","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-28DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2020.1784616
R. Sujith, S. Jothi, A. Zimmermann, F. Aldinger, Ravi Kumar
ABSTRACT Since the last five decades, polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) are in use and envisaged for a variety of applications. The transition of a precursor to an inorganic ceramic by pyrolysis and heat-treatment results in either amorphous or nanocrystalline composites with the evolution of phases strongly controlled by the processing conditions. Understanding the deformation behaviour under ambient conditions and at elevated temperatures is key to designing these materials for long-term use. However, quantitative reliable estimation of mechanical properties is quite challenging due to its unique structure which in turn is strongly governed by the precursor chemistry. The mechanical behaviour of PDCs in the form of fibres, bulk and foams are different and they are discussed separately. Both experimental and simulation-based studies are considered in this review. Recently, additive manufacturing processes have been used for the fabrication of PDCs, the mechanical properties of which are also included in this review.
{"title":"Mechanical behaviour of polymer derived ceramics – a review","authors":"R. Sujith, S. Jothi, A. Zimmermann, F. Aldinger, Ravi Kumar","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2020.1784616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2020.1784616","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the last five decades, polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) are in use and envisaged for a variety of applications. The transition of a precursor to an inorganic ceramic by pyrolysis and heat-treatment results in either amorphous or nanocrystalline composites with the evolution of phases strongly controlled by the processing conditions. Understanding the deformation behaviour under ambient conditions and at elevated temperatures is key to designing these materials for long-term use. However, quantitative reliable estimation of mechanical properties is quite challenging due to its unique structure which in turn is strongly governed by the precursor chemistry. The mechanical behaviour of PDCs in the form of fibres, bulk and foams are different and they are discussed separately. Both experimental and simulation-based studies are considered in this review. Recently, additive manufacturing processes have been used for the fabrication of PDCs, the mechanical properties of which are also included in this review.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"66 1","pages":"426 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2020.1784616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48315836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-14DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2020.1765603
E. Novitskaya, J. Kelly, S. Bhaduri, O. Graeve
ABSTRACT The solution combustion synthesis technique is a versatile method for the production of powders used in a variety of applications. It has been used to produce hundreds of compounds, thus demonstrating its versatility, especially for the preparation of oxides, and is now a workhorse technique in materials science. Its success resides in the ease of implementation, high-throughput, the versatility of chemistries, and capacity for the production of high-surface area powders. The main limitations of the technique include problems with powder agglomeration, possible lack of control of powder morphologies, and the presence of leftover organic impurities from incomplete combustion. In this contribution, we review the influence of a variety of factors of relevance for the technique, including the type of fuel, fuel-to-oxidizer ratio, and combustion temperature, as well as the presence of additives and other special considerations, with a particular focus on the crystallite size and particle size of the resulting powders.
{"title":"A review of solution combustion synthesis: an analysis of parameters controlling powder characteristics","authors":"E. Novitskaya, J. Kelly, S. Bhaduri, O. Graeve","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2020.1765603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2020.1765603","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The solution combustion synthesis technique is a versatile method for the production of powders used in a variety of applications. It has been used to produce hundreds of compounds, thus demonstrating its versatility, especially for the preparation of oxides, and is now a workhorse technique in materials science. Its success resides in the ease of implementation, high-throughput, the versatility of chemistries, and capacity for the production of high-surface area powders. The main limitations of the technique include problems with powder agglomeration, possible lack of control of powder morphologies, and the presence of leftover organic impurities from incomplete combustion. In this contribution, we review the influence of a variety of factors of relevance for the technique, including the type of fuel, fuel-to-oxidizer ratio, and combustion temperature, as well as the presence of additives and other special considerations, with a particular focus on the crystallite size and particle size of the resulting powders.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"66 1","pages":"188 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2020.1765603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44304842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2020.1757894
W. Kurz, M. Rappaz, R. Trivedi
ABSTRACT This is the first account of the history of modelling dendritic and cellular solidification. While Part I reviewed the progress up to the year 2000 [Kurz W, Fisher DJ, Trivedi R. Progress in modelling solidification microstructures in metals and alloys: dendrites from 1700 to 2000. Intern Mater Rev. 2019;64:311–354], Part II retraces our modelling capabilities developed during the early years of the present century. Advances in in-situ X-ray observations of solidification of metallic alloys are also presented. While the most important contributions are mentioned, the authors are aware that such a historical review must leave many worthy articles by the wayside. This overview considers dendrite tip growth and morphology, rapid solidification, melt flow, fragmentation, columnar-to-equiaxed transition, dendrite spacings, coalescence, grain competition, and cellular growth. Modelling across the length scales from nano- up to macroscopic solidification phenomena by massive phase field computations or multiscale approaches show the potential for the simulation of real processes such as additive manufacturing, single crystal casting, welding or advanced solidification processes.
{"title":"Progress in modelling solidification microstructures in metals and alloys. Part II: dendrites from 2001 to 2018","authors":"W. Kurz, M. Rappaz, R. Trivedi","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2020.1757894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2020.1757894","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is the first account of the history of modelling dendritic and cellular solidification. While Part I reviewed the progress up to the year 2000 [Kurz W, Fisher DJ, Trivedi R. Progress in modelling solidification microstructures in metals and alloys: dendrites from 1700 to 2000. Intern Mater Rev. 2019;64:311–354], Part II retraces our modelling capabilities developed during the early years of the present century. Advances in in-situ X-ray observations of solidification of metallic alloys are also presented. While the most important contributions are mentioned, the authors are aware that such a historical review must leave many worthy articles by the wayside. This overview considers dendrite tip growth and morphology, rapid solidification, melt flow, fragmentation, columnar-to-equiaxed transition, dendrite spacings, coalescence, grain competition, and cellular growth. Modelling across the length scales from nano- up to macroscopic solidification phenomena by massive phase field computations or multiscale approaches show the potential for the simulation of real processes such as additive manufacturing, single crystal casting, welding or advanced solidification processes.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"66 1","pages":"30 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2020.1757894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42460413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-18DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2019.1637090
S. Kota, M. Sokol, M. Barsoum
ABSTRACT The MAB phases are atomically layered, ternary or quaternary transition metal (M) borides (TMBs), with the general formula (MB)2zAx(MB2)y (z = 1–2; x = 1–2; y = 0–2), whose structures are composed of a transition M-B sublattices interleaved by A-atom (A = Al,Zn) mono- or bilayers. Most of the MAB phases were discovered before the 1990s, but recent discoveries of intriguing magnetocaloric properties, mechanical deformation behaviour, catalytic properties, and high-temperature oxidation resistance has led to their ‘re-discovery’. Herein, MAB phase synthesis is reviewed and their magnetic, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties are summarized. Because the M-B layers in the MAB phases structurally resemble their corresponding binaries of the same M:B stoichiometry, the effects of the A-layers on properties are discussed. Inconsistencies in the literature are critically assessed to gain insights on the processing-structure-property relations, suggest fruitful avenues for future research, and identify limitations for prospective applications.
MAB相是原子层状的三元或四元过渡金属(M)硼化物(TMBs)，其通式为(MB)2zAx(MB2)y (z = 1-2;x = 1-2;y = 0-2)，其结构由a原子(a = Al,Zn)单层或双层交错的过渡M-B亚晶格组成。大多数MAB相是在20世纪90年代之前发现的，但最近发现的有趣的磁热学性质、机械变形行为、催化性质和高温抗氧化性导致了它们的“重新发现”。本文综述了MAB相的合成方法，综述了MAB相的磁性、电子学、热学和力学性能。由于MAB相中的M-B层在结构上与相同M:B化学计量的对应二元结构相似，因此讨论了a层对性能的影响。对文献中的不一致性进行批判性评估，以获得对处理-结构-属性关系的见解，为未来的研究提出富有成效的途径，并确定潜在应用的局限性。
{"title":"A progress report on the MAB phases: atomically laminated, ternary transition metal borides","authors":"S. Kota, M. Sokol, M. Barsoum","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2019.1637090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1637090","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The MAB phases are atomically layered, ternary or quaternary transition metal (M) borides (TMBs), with the general formula (MB)2zAx(MB2)y (z = 1–2; x = 1–2; y = 0–2), whose structures are composed of a transition M-B sublattices interleaved by A-atom (A = Al,Zn) mono- or bilayers. Most of the MAB phases were discovered before the 1990s, but recent discoveries of intriguing magnetocaloric properties, mechanical deformation behaviour, catalytic properties, and high-temperature oxidation resistance has led to their ‘re-discovery’. Herein, MAB phase synthesis is reviewed and their magnetic, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties are summarized. Because the M-B layers in the MAB phases structurally resemble their corresponding binaries of the same M:B stoichiometry, the effects of the A-layers on properties are discussed. Inconsistencies in the literature are critically assessed to gain insights on the processing-structure-property relations, suggest fruitful avenues for future research, and identify limitations for prospective applications.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"65 1","pages":"226 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2019.1637090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-18DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2019.1622202
H. Lai, M. Stenzel, P. Xiao
ABSTRACT Nanodiamonds (NDs) are emerging as a promising platform for theranostic particles because they unite a spectrum of important properties into a single agent, including facile synthesis, small size, inertness, rich surface functional groups, biocompatibility, stable fluorescence and long fluorescence lifetime. These unique properties have stimulated the application of NDs in cancer treament and imaging. The majority of these applications rely on the rational engineering of the particle surface, as the surface plays a critical role in carrying bioactive molecules, resisting aggregation and constructing composite materials. In this review, recent developments of functionalising NDs for cancer treatment and imaging purposes are discussed. A brief introduction in the structure of NDs and properties of NDs will be given, followed by a summary of various surface functionalisation methods. The latter part is organised in three subsections: NDs coated with bioactive compounds, NDs coated with synthetic polymers and NDs/inorganic composites.
{"title":"Surface engineering and applications of nanodiamonds in cancer treatment and imaging","authors":"H. Lai, M. Stenzel, P. Xiao","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2019.1622202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1622202","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nanodiamonds (NDs) are emerging as a promising platform for theranostic particles because they unite a spectrum of important properties into a single agent, including facile synthesis, small size, inertness, rich surface functional groups, biocompatibility, stable fluorescence and long fluorescence lifetime. These unique properties have stimulated the application of NDs in cancer treament and imaging. The majority of these applications rely on the rational engineering of the particle surface, as the surface plays a critical role in carrying bioactive molecules, resisting aggregation and constructing composite materials. In this review, recent developments of functionalising NDs for cancer treatment and imaging purposes are discussed. A brief introduction in the structure of NDs and properties of NDs will be given, followed by a summary of various surface functionalisation methods. The latter part is organised in three subsections: NDs coated with bioactive compounds, NDs coated with synthetic polymers and NDs/inorganic composites.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"65 1","pages":"189 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2019.1622202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46919687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.1080/09506608.2020.1749781
B. Gurrutxaga-Lerma, J. Verschueren, A. Sutton, D. Dini
ABSTRACT High speed dislocations have long been identified as the dominant feature governing the plastic response of crystalline materials subjected to high strain rates, controlling deformation and failure in industrial processes such as machining, laser shock peening, punching, drilling, crashworthiness, foreign object damage, etc. Despite decades of study, the role high speed dislocations have on the materials response remains elusive. This article reviews both experimental and theoretical efforts made to address this issue in a systematic way. The lack of experimental evidence and direct observation of high speed dislocations means that most work on the matter is rooted on theory and simulations. This article offers a critical review of the competing theoretical accounts of high speed mechanisms, their underlying hypothesis, insights, and shortcomings, with particular focus on elastic continuum and atomistic levels. The article closes with an overview of the current state of the art and suggestions for key developments in future research.
{"title":"The mechanics and physics of high-speed dislocations: a critical review","authors":"B. Gurrutxaga-Lerma, J. Verschueren, A. Sutton, D. Dini","doi":"10.1080/09506608.2020.1749781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2020.1749781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT High speed dislocations have long been identified as the dominant feature governing the plastic response of crystalline materials subjected to high strain rates, controlling deformation and failure in industrial processes such as machining, laser shock peening, punching, drilling, crashworthiness, foreign object damage, etc. Despite decades of study, the role high speed dislocations have on the materials response remains elusive. This article reviews both experimental and theoretical efforts made to address this issue in a systematic way. The lack of experimental evidence and direct observation of high speed dislocations means that most work on the matter is rooted on theory and simulations. This article offers a critical review of the competing theoretical accounts of high speed mechanisms, their underlying hypothesis, insights, and shortcomings, with particular focus on elastic continuum and atomistic levels. The article closes with an overview of the current state of the art and suggestions for key developments in future research.","PeriodicalId":14427,"journal":{"name":"International Materials Reviews","volume":"66 1","pages":"215 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":16.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09506608.2020.1749781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44373723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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