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Pharmacological potential of fungal endophytes associated with the genus Ocimum L. 木霉属内生真菌的药理潜力。
Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1055749
K. M, R. A. R
Endophytes are a rich source of secondary metabolites such as tannins, phenolics, and alkaloids. Endophytic fungi have potential as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer agents, antidiabetic agents, hepatoprotectants, growth promoters, and immunomodulators. Recent studies have shown that endophytes are a valuable source of undiscovered biomolecules. As a result, endophytic isolates from medicinal plants can be used in the pharmaceutical, industrial, and agricultural sectors. Ocimum species, for example, have several medicinal properties and are used in traditional medicine. Fungal endophytes have a strong association with Ocimum plants. Previous research has shown that the fungal endophytes of Ocimum sanctum produce phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenes, and volatile compounds. Additionally, fungal endophytes have a direct impact on the medicinal value of the genus Ocimum. This review aimed to discuss the pharmacological properties and diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the genus Ocimum.
内生植物是次生代谢产物的丰富来源,如单宁、酚类和生物碱。内生真菌具有作为抗氧化剂、抗菌剂、抗癌剂、抗糖尿病剂、肝保护剂、生长促进剂和免疫调节剂的潜力。最近的研究表明,内生菌是未被发现的生物分子的宝贵来源。因此,药用植物的内生分离物可用于制药、工业和农业部门。例如,Ocimum物种具有多种药用特性,并用于传统医学。真菌内生菌与Ocimum植物有很强的联系。先前的研究表明,香蒲的真菌内生菌产生生物碱、萜类、强心苷、黄酮类、萜类和挥发性化合物等植物化学物质。此外,真菌内生菌对Ocimum属植物的药用价值有直接影响。本综述旨在探讨与Ocimum属相关的内生真菌的药理特性和多样性。
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引用次数: 3
Biological activities of different plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family 菊科不同植物的生物学活性
Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1107819
Gülşen Güçlü, M. İnanir, E. Uçar, Nuraniye Eruygur, M. Atas, T. Uskutoğlu, Belgin Çoşge Şenkal
Achillea biebersteinii and Anthemis tinctoria, which are widely distributed species of the Asteraceae family, are used in folk medicine in the form of herbal tea or extract in the treatment of many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitor activities and cytotoxic effects of 80% ethanol extract of these two species and make a comparative analysis. In accordance with the data obtained, the major component of A. biebersteinii was determined as Cyclododecane (14.47%), while that of A. tinctoria was determined as Phytol (23.15%). A. biebersteinii, which showed moderate activity in terms of antimicrobial activity, produced more active inhibition than A. tinctoria did. Both plants showed high levels of antioxidant activity. The total phenol and total flavonoid contents of A. tinctoria were higher than those of A. biebersteinii. It was determined that there was no significant activity when the extracts were compared with galanthamine, which is the reference drug in terms of enzyme inhibitory activity. When the in vitro anticancer activity of human breast cancer cell line was examined, it was determined that A. tinctoria had a cytotoxic effect at high concentrations (IC50;0.82mg/mL), and A. biebersteinii showed strong cytotoxicity at all concentrations (IC50;<0.0625mg/mL). These two plants of the same family were evaluated in terms of many different biological parameters and it was revealed that A. biebersteinii was more active than A. tinctoria. However, in vivo studies are needed to determine whether these plants can be used as phytotherapeutic agents.
阿基里斯(Achillea bibersteinii)和菊花(Anthemis tinctoria)是一种分布广泛的菊科植物,在民间医学中以凉茶或提取物的形式用于治疗许多疾病。研究两种植物80%乙醇提取物的化学成分、抑菌、抗氧化、酶抑制活性和细胞毒作用,并进行比较分析。根据得到的数据,鉴定出白刺的主要成分为环十二烷(14.47%),而黄刺的主要成分为叶绿醇(23.15%)。在抑菌活性方面,白僵菌表现出中等的抑菌活性,其抑菌活性高于黄僵菌。两种植物都显示出高水平的抗氧化活性。总酚和总黄酮含量均高于白刺。与对照药加兰他敏进行酶抑制活性比较,发现其提取物无明显活性。对人乳腺癌细胞系进行体外抗肿瘤活性检测,发现a . tinctoria在高浓度时具有细胞毒作用(IC50;0.82mg/mL), a . biebersteinii在所有浓度下均表现出较强的细胞毒作用(IC50;<0.0625mg/mL)。对这两种属同一科的植物进行了多种生物学指标的评价,结果表明,比伯斯坦a的活性高于黄纹a。然而,这些植物是否可以用作植物治疗剂还需要进行体内研究。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction of Opoponax essential oil (C. erythraea) 赤芍精油超临界流体CO2萃取工艺优化
Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1093888
F. Durak, Aydın Aydin, M. Sökmen
Essential oil of Opoponax (Commiphora erythraea) was extracted by means of steam distillation and supercritical CO2 (SFE-CO2) extraction. Experiments were performed using a Clevenger-type apparatus. On the other hand, SFE-CO2 runs were carried out using OCOLABS extraction unit at the operating conditions of 150, 200, and 250 bars and within temperature range from 50 to 65 °C. Other extraction parameters such as particle size and extraction period were also investigated in order to validate their effect on the processes and the oil yield. The extraction yields were almost similar (2.46%) for the optimized SFE-CO2 at 250 bar, 65 oC, and 2 hr, and 2.45% for the steam distillation. Our findings confirmed that the grinding of the material (particle size), pressure, and temperature had an important effect on the SFE-CO2 extraction process. GC/MS analyses revealed that major compounds, namely α-santalene, α and β-bisabolone, and trans-alpha-bergamotene were of similar quantities except for ocimene. α-Santalene concentration was 7.15% for steam distillation and 15.32% for SFE-CO2 at the abovementioned conditions.
采用水蒸气蒸馏和超临界CO2萃取相结合的方法,提取了红麻精油。使用Clevenger型装置进行实验。另一方面,在150、200和250巴的操作条件下,在50至65°C的温度范围内,使用OCOLABS提取装置进行SFE-CO2运行。还研究了其他提取参数,如粒度和提取时间,以验证它们对工艺和油收率的影响。在250巴、65℃和2小时下,优化的SFE-CO2的萃取产率几乎相似(2.46%),而蒸汽蒸馏的萃取产率为2.45%。我们的研究结果证实,材料的研磨(粒度)、压力和温度对SFE-CO2提取过程有重要影响。GC/MS分析显示,主要化合物,即α-santalene、α和β-双abolone以及反式α-佛手柑烯,除ocimene外,含量相似。在上述条件下,蒸汽蒸馏和SFE-CO2的α-Santalene浓度分别为7.15%和15.32%。
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引用次数: 0
Medicinal uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Rumex abyssinicus: A Comprehensive review 深海酸模的药用、化学成分和生物活性综述
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1095643
Gashaw Nigussie, M. Tola, Tiruwork Fanta
Rumex abyssinicus is a valuable medicinal plant species that is native to tropical Africa. Traditionally, R. abyssinicus is used to treat different disease such as, liver diseases, hepatitis, malaria, scabies, blood pressure, jaundice, wound and pneumonia. The purpose of the current study was to review the literature on the ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constitutes and biological activities of R. abyssinicus in an attempt to create information for future studies aimed towards exploring the therapeutic ability of the species. A scientific search engines, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of knowledge for the search terms: Rumex abyssinicus, ethnomedicinal studies, phytochemical investigations, and pharmacological activities were undertaken. The search strategy included all articles with descriptors that were available until December 30, 2021. Only published works in English have been used on this study. The data was collected using textual descriptions of the studies, tabulation, grouping, and figures. The principal phytochemicals of R. abyssinicus are anthraquinones, flavonoids, terepenoids and phenolic compounds. The in vitro and in vivo studies on the crude extracts and compounds of R. abyssinicus showed antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, wound healing, antialzeimer’s and hepatoprotective activities of it. R. abyssinicus afforded drug leads such as helminthosporin (4) with anti-alzheimer and physicon (3) with antifungal and antioxidant activity. R. abyssinicus have traditionally been used to cure a variety of diseases. Pharmacological actions of phytochemicals were shown to be promising. Despite this, further studies on crude extracts and promising compounds are needed to find new drug candidates.
深海酸模是原产于热带非洲的一种珍贵的药用植物。传统上,黄檗用于治疗各种疾病,如肝病、肝炎、疟疾、疥疮、血压、黄疸、伤口和肺炎。本研究的目的是回顾关于深海R.abyssinicus的民族药用、化学成分和生物活性的文献,试图为未来旨在探索该物种治疗能力的研究创造信息。进行了一个科学搜索引擎,即谷歌学者、PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct和Web of knowledge的搜索词:深海酸模、民族医学研究、植物化学调查和药理学活动。搜索策略包括截至2021年12月30日可用的所有带有描述符的文章。本研究仅使用了已发表的英文著作。数据是使用研究的文本描述、表格、分组和数字收集的。黄杨的主要植物化学成分为蒽醌类、黄酮类、萜类和酚类化合物。通过对深海钩藤粗提物和化合物的体外和体内研究,发现深海钩藤具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎、抗真菌、伤口愈合、抗玉米醇溶蛋白和保肝作用,并为其提供了抗阿尔茨海默病的蠕虫蛋白(4)和抗真菌、抗氧化的物理蛋白(3)等药物先导。深海R.abyssinicus传统上被用于治疗各种疾病。植物化学物质的药理作用被证明是有前景的。尽管如此,仍需要对粗提取物和有前景的化合物进行进一步研究,以寻找新的候选药物。
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引用次数: 0
The phenolic profile and biological activities of common Scorzonera species from Eastern Anatolia 安纳托利亚东部常见Scorzonera属植物的酚类特征及其生物活性
Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1084743
Sazgar Hassan Babakr, Emre Erez, Muzaffer Mükemre, Abdullah Dalar
The present study focused on chemical composition and base therapeutic potential of common Scorzonera species (Scorzonera mollis, Scorzonera papposa, and Scorzonera semicana), which have been utilized as food and medicine by local people of Eastern Anatolia for a long time. Comparative analytical studies were performed on ethanol-based extracts and traditional preparations (infusions) through chromatographic (HPLC-MS/MS) and reagent-based antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory assays. Results revelated that extracts were rich in phenolics, particularly hydroxycinnamic acids that were confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS, chlorogenic acids and luteolin are the major phytochemical compounds of extracts. With regards to biological activities findings, it was determined that ethanol-based extracts showed better antioxidant activities and effectively suppressed the activities of α-glucosidase. In addition, both of the extracts were found as strong suppressive agents of pancreatic lipase activity so Scorzonera species were rich sources of bioactive compounds that able to deactivate reactive oxygen species and free radicals and as well as suppress the activities of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. Finally, obtained findings reveal base data of Scorzonera species for researches that focused on novel candidates of nutraceuticals and biotherapeutics.
本研究重点研究了常见Scorzonera物种(Scorzoneramollis、ScorzonERApapposa和Scorzonellaseminana)的化学成分和基本治疗潜力,这些物种长期被安纳托利亚东部的当地人用作食品和药物。通过色谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)和基于试剂的抗氧化剂和酶抑制测定,对乙醇提取物和传统制剂(输液)进行了比较分析研究。结果表明,提取物富含酚类物质,特别是羟基肉桂酸,HPLC-MS/MS证实,绿原酸和木犀草素是提取物的主要植物化学成分。关于生物活性的研究结果,确定乙醇提取物表现出更好的抗氧化活性,并有效抑制了α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。此外,这两种提取物都是胰腺脂肪酶活性的强抑制剂,因此Scorzonera物种是丰富的生物活性化合物来源,能够使活性氧和自由基失活,并抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰腺脂肪酶的活性。最后,所获得的发现揭示了Scorzonera物种的基础数据,用于研究营养药物和生物治疗药物的新候选药物。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of heavy metal concentrations and soil samples of Betula pendula and Populus tremula in Nemrut Crater Lake 内穆鲁特火山口湖白桦和白杨重金属含量及土壤样品测定
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1082781
Ş. Hayta, E. Firat
The concentrations of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As heavy metals and the heavy metal accumulation levels of these plants were determined in Betula pendula and Populus tremula trees, which are the characteristic trees of Nemrut Crater Lake, the second largest crater lake in the world, and the soil samples surrounding them. Heavy metals are considered to be one of the most dangerous and priority pollutants due to their high persistence and toxicity to plant and animal life in the environment. For this reason, the results obtained will contribute to the studies carried out to determine the uptake of heavy metal pollutants in the environment and the self-healing effort of the polluted environments by applying the phytoremediation method.
测定了世界第二大火山口湖nemrat火山口湖的特色树种白桦和白杨树及其周围土壤样品中Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As等重金属的浓度和重金属积累水平。由于重金属对环境中的植物和动物具有高持久性和毒性,因此被认为是最危险和最优先的污染物之一。因此,所获得的结果将有助于开展确定环境中重金属污染物的吸收以及应用植物修复方法对污染环境进行自我修复的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Medical physiological perspective to biochemical assays and GC-MS results of corn tassel 玉米穗子生化分析及GC-MS结果的医学生理学观点
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1148489
Burak Yaman
Corn tassel (Zea may L.) is rich in phenolic compounds including flavonoids and anthocyanins. The aim of this study is to consider the results of the contents of phenolics (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), flavonol (TF), anthocyanins (TAC), alfa-amylase inhibitory activity, and antioxidant activity including FRAP and metal chelating capabilities (MCC) as potential Antiviral and anti-Rheumatoid arthritis. Significantly high levels of antioxidant capacity, total flavonol and alfa-amylase inhibition were found in ethanolic extracts of corn tassels. It was found that their concentrations are TPC= 40 mg GA/g, TFC= 13 mg QE/g, TF= 45 mg R/g, and TAC= 8 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/g based on dry extract. Additionally, the extracts showed relatively higher antioxidant activities due to metal chelating capabilities (MCC) were found to be 217 mg Fe2+/g dry extract. From the GC-MS analysis, corn tassel was found to be good source of arctigenin that has antiviral and anti- rheumatic properties. Further, the extracts of corn tassels showed significantly higher α-amylase inhibitory activity up to 90 %. Thus, it was concluded that extracts of corn tassels may be considered as pharmacological potential in rheumatoid and antiviral treatment.
玉米穗(Zea may L.)富含酚类化合物,包括黄酮类化合物和花青素。本研究的目的是考虑酚类物质(TPC)、类黄酮(TFC)、黄酮醇(TF)、花青素(TAC)、α-淀粉酶抑制活性和抗氧化活性(包括FRAP和金属螯合能力(MCC))的含量作为潜在的抗病毒和抗类风湿性关节炎的结果。玉米穗乙醇提取物具有显著的抗氧化能力、总黄酮醇和α-淀粉酶抑制作用。研究发现,基于干提取物,它们的浓度为TPC=40mg GA/g、TFC=13mg QE/g、TF=45mg R/g和TAC=8mg矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷/g。此外,由于金属螯合能力(MCC)为217mg Fe2+/g干提取物,提取物显示出相对较高的抗氧化活性。通过气相色谱-质谱分析,玉米穗被发现是牛蒡苷的良好来源,具有抗病毒和抗风湿的特性。此外,玉米穗提取物显示出显著更高的α-淀粉酶抑制活性,最高可达90%。因此,可以认为玉米穗提取物具有治疗类风湿性关节炎和抗病毒的药理潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts from Adonis paryadrica (Asteraceae) – a critically endangered endemic species growing in the Turkish flora 阿多(菊科)甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1071234
Mustafa Cüce
This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract obtained from flower, leaf and root sections of endemic Adonis paryadrica (Boiss.) Kandemir & Aytaç stat. nova. naturally growing in the Turkish flora. The most efficient total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were obtained from leaf extract at 21.24 mg GAEs (gallic acid equivalent)/g dw and 54.97 mg REs (rutin equivalent)/g dw, respectively. Among the three different sections of this plant, leaf extracts showed the highest Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Power (CUPRAC) effect with 80.28 µmol TEs (trolox equivalent)/g dw. From the three different sections, the methanol extract of the leaf parts demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with a 16.1 mm zone diameter. These valuable and current findings from these precious plants, which constitute natural resources in terms of biodiversity, contribute innovative information to the literature on endemic plant species.
本研究旨在测定从当地特有的paryadrica Adonis(Boiss.)Kandemir&Aytaçstat.nova的花、叶和根切片中提取的甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性。自然生长在土耳其植物群中。从叶提取物中获得的最有效的总酚类化合物和类黄酮含量分别为21.24mg GAEs(没食子酸当量)/g dw和54.97mg REs(芦丁当量)/g dw。在该植物的三个不同部分中,叶提取物显示出最高的铜还原抗氧化能力(CURAC)效果,为80.28µmol TEs(trolox当量)/g dw。从三个不同的切片中,叶部分的甲醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌表现出强大的抗菌活性,其区域直径为16.1mm。这些珍贵植物在生物多样性方面构成了自然资源,这些宝贵的最新发现为有关特有植物物种的文献提供了创新信息。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites from the roots extracts of Crinum abyssinicum and Calotropis procera and in silico molecular docking study 深海牛蒡根提取物次级代谢产物的药代动力学、药物相似性、抗菌抗氧化活性及计算机分子对接研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1107685
Getachew Tegegn, Y. Melaku, Milkyas ENDALE ANNİSA, R. Eswaramoorthy
Crinum abyssinicum and Calotropis procera were traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, hepatitis B, skin infection, anticancer, asthma, fever, and diarrhea. The structures of the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and DEPT-135 spectra. Compounds 1-3 were reported herein for the first time from the species of C. abyssinicum. The DCM/MeOH (1:1) and MeOH roots extracts of C. abyssinicum showed significant inhibitory activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with a mean inhibition zone of 16.67 ± 1.20 and 16.33 ± 0.33 mm, respectively. Compounds 4 and 5 showed promising activity against E. coli with a mean inhibition zone of 17.7  0.8 and 17.7  1.2 mm, respectively. The results of DPPH activity showed the DCM: MeOH (1:1) and MeOH roots extracts of C. abyssinicum inhibited the DPPH radical by 52.86  0.24 % and 45.6  0.11 %, respectively, whereas compound 5 displayed 85.7 % of inhibition. The drug-likeness analysis showed that compounds 2-4 satisfy Lipinski’s rule of five with zero violations. Compounds 2, and 6 showed binding affinities of −6.0, and −6.7 kcal/mol against E. coli DNA gyrase B, respectively, while 3 and 5 showed −5.0 and −5.0 kcal/mol, respectively against human peroxiredoxin 5. Therefore, the in vitro antibacterial, radical scavenging activity along with the molecular docking analysis suggest the potential use of the extracts of C. abyssinicum and compounds 2, 5, 6, and 3, 5 can be considered as promising antibacterial agents and free radical scavengers, respectively.
深海Crinum Abyssinium和Caltrophis procera传统上用于治疗不同的疾病,如高血压、糖尿病、乙型肝炎、皮肤感染、抗癌、哮喘、发烧和腹泻。通过1H NMR、13C NMR和DEPT-135光谱对化合物的结构进行了表征。化合物1-3在本文中首次报道来自深海C。深海藻DCM/MeOH(1:1)和MeOH根提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌表现出显著的抑制活性,平均抑制区分别为16.67±1.20和16.33±0.33mm。化合物4和5对大肠杆菌显示出有希望的活性,平均抑制区为17.7 0.8和17.7 1.2毫米。DPPH活性测定结果表明,深海藻DCM:MeOH(1:1)和MeOH根提取物对DPPH自由基的抑制作用为52.86 0.24%和45.6 0.11%,而化合物5显示出85.7%的抑制作用。药物相似性分析表明,化合物2-4满足Lipinski的五项规则,没有任何违规行为。化合物2和6对大肠杆菌DNA旋转酶B的结合亲和力分别为−6.0和−6.7 kcal/mol,而化合物3和5对人过氧化物酶5的结合亲和力则分别为−5.0和−5.0 kcal/mol。因此,体外抗菌、清除自由基的活性以及分子对接分析表明,深海藻提取物和化合物2、5、6和3、5可分别被认为是有前途的抗菌剂和自由基清除剂。
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引用次数: 1
Combined effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and biochemical composition of Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) M.J. Wynne 氮磷复合处理对斜四角草生长及生化组成的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1102592
F. Akgül, R. Akgül
Microalgae have many biotechnological applications in various industries including food and feed, fertilizer, biofuel, cosmetics, pharmaceutics, and wastewater treatment. Since hey produce secondary metabolites under stress conditions such as pigments, carotenoids, hydrocarbons, and vitamins, investigating the effects of stress factors on growth parameters and biochemical composition of microalgal biomass is needed in producing bioproducts. In this paper, the combined effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and the protein/amino acid and Lipid-FAMEs profiles of microalgae Tetradesmus obliquus (MAKUMACC-037) were investigated. Nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency reduced the algal growth. Biochemical composition was changed in a nitrogen and phosphorus dependent manner. High concentration of protein and lipid were associated with increased nitrogen and phosphorus concentration However, the FAMEs profiles were changed depending on only the nitrogen concentration.
微藻在食品和饲料、化肥、生物燃料、化妆品、制药和废水处理等各个行业都有许多生物技术应用。由于它们在胁迫条件下会产生次生代谢产物,如色素、类胡萝卜素、碳氢化合物和维生素,因此在生产生物产品时需要研究胁迫因素对微藻生物量的生长参数和生化组成的影响。本文研究了氮和磷对微藻Letradesmus oblitus(MAKUMACC037)生长的联合影响以及蛋白质/氨基酸和脂质FAMEs谱。氮磷缺乏降低了藻类的生长。生化成分以氮和磷依赖的方式发生变化。高浓度的蛋白质和脂质与氮和磷浓度的增加有关。然而,FAME谱仅根据氮浓度而变化。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Secondary Metabolite
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