Many natural minerals are used as the raw materials required for the manufacturing ceramic ware. Most of the minerals are from Indian mines of Gujarat and Rajasthan states, some of are imported from Russian sub continent. The present paper reports the thermoluminescence characteristics of mineral China Clay collected from Morbi, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. The TL of mineral at various heat treatments was recorded and also 5Gy beta dose was given to each sample prior to TL recording. The mineral is annealed for 1 hour and quenched from 600 and 800 o C . It displayed a well resolved peak around 132 o C annealing and quenching from 600 and for annealing and quenching from 800 o C the TL peak temperature is found around 138 o C and 161 o C . XRD and TGA of China Clay mineral were reported.
{"title":"Thermoluminescence Characterisation of Ceramic Mineral China Clay","authors":"K. A. Rao, S. Ravikumar, N. Rao, K. Murthy","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V5.N1.P3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V5.N1.P3","url":null,"abstract":"Many natural minerals are used as the raw materials required for the manufacturing ceramic ware. Most of the minerals are from Indian mines of Gujarat and Rajasthan states, some of are imported from Russian sub continent. The present paper reports the thermoluminescence characteristics of mineral China Clay collected from Morbi, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. The TL of mineral at various heat treatments was recorded and also 5Gy beta dose was given to each sample prior to TL recording. The mineral is annealed for 1 hour and quenched from 600 and 800 o C . It displayed a well resolved peak around 132 o C annealing and quenching from 600 and for annealing and quenching from 800 o C the TL peak temperature is found around 138 o C and 161 o C . XRD and TGA of China Clay mineral were reported.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80945800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Souda, George Saramma, I. Goercke, Kelvin Chabaesele, N. Mannathoko
Herbal drug therapy is regarded as an important alternative for the treatment of chronic and infectious disease. Ocimum gratissimum has been used extensively in traditional medicine in many countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant status and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum (MEOG) and to establish that the antimicrobial activity is due to its antioxidant potentials. The total antioxidant status was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method to determine total phenolic content of the MEOG. The antimicrobial effect was determined by agar diffusion and broth dilution method against different ATCC strains of pathogenic bacteria. Zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The results indicate that the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of MEOG is mainly due to its total phenolic content and bioactive ingredients like tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, quinones and terpenoids. The MEOG was found microbicidal against all tested gram positive and negative organisms and against the fungus, Candida albicans. The MIC for gram positive organisms ranged between 0.117 – 7.5mg/ml and for gram negative organisms the range were between 0.469 – 3.75 mg/ml. The MBC for the gram positive bacteria ranged from 0.117mg/ml – 15 mg/ml and for gram negative bacteria from 3.75 mg/ml- 15 mg/ml. In conclusion, MEOG can be used in the treatment of skin infections due to bacteria and fungus and also in the respiratory and gastro intestinal infections due to its antioxidant properties.
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Antioxidant Status and Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum","authors":"S. Souda, George Saramma, I. Goercke, Kelvin Chabaesele, N. Mannathoko","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V5.N1.P7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V5.N1.P7","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal drug therapy is regarded as an important alternative for the treatment of chronic and infectious disease. Ocimum gratissimum has been used extensively in traditional medicine in many countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant status and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum (MEOG) and to establish that the antimicrobial activity is due to its antioxidant potentials. The total antioxidant status was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method to determine total phenolic content of the MEOG. The antimicrobial effect was determined by agar diffusion and broth dilution method against different ATCC strains of pathogenic bacteria. Zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The results indicate that the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of MEOG is mainly due to its total phenolic content and bioactive ingredients like tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, quinones and terpenoids. The MEOG was found microbicidal against all tested gram positive and negative organisms and against the fungus, Candida albicans. The MIC for gram positive organisms ranged between 0.117 – 7.5mg/ml and for gram negative organisms the range were between 0.469 – 3.75 mg/ml. The MBC for the gram positive bacteria ranged from 0.117mg/ml – 15 mg/ml and for gram negative bacteria from 3.75 mg/ml- 15 mg/ml. In conclusion, MEOG can be used in the treatment of skin infections due to bacteria and fungus and also in the respiratory and gastro intestinal infections due to its antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"40-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90972766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. AbhilashM, Shivanna Srikantaswamy, D. Shivakumar
Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of pollutant in the environment. Numerous methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Factors influencing heavy metal uptake by Crops were studied by pot and field experiments in Mysuru City, India. Results concern with soils is contaminated with Urban Wastewater. In this paper demonstrated effects on the heavy metal content of eight cultivated crop species, in three wastewater contaminated sites of Mysuru City. Interaction between ecological factors and crop characters was demonstrated, as well as results of pot and field studies were compared. Tested plant species were grouped on the basis of their accumulation capability and susceptibility of heavy metals.
{"title":"Uptake of Heavy Metals from Urban Wastewater Contaminated Soils by Using Selected Crop Species of Mysuru City, India","authors":"R. AbhilashM, Shivanna Srikantaswamy, D. Shivakumar","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P18","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of pollutant in the environment. Numerous methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Factors influencing heavy metal uptake by Crops were studied by pot and field experiments in Mysuru City, India. Results concern with soils is contaminated with Urban Wastewater. In this paper demonstrated effects on the heavy metal content of eight cultivated crop species, in three wastewater contaminated sites of Mysuru City. Interaction between ecological factors and crop characters was demonstrated, as well as results of pot and field studies were compared. Tested plant species were grouped on the basis of their accumulation capability and susceptibility of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"553-563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87653666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present research paper investigates the relationship of maternal depression during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. It is a cross sectional study conducted on 200 pregnant women from different maternity homes in Betul & Bhopal District from Madhya Pradesh. IDAS scale was used to see the depression level among pregnant women having preeclampsia or without preeclampsia. For analysis of data One way analysis of variance was used to show the significant relationship between depression and risk of Preeclampsia among pregnant women having preeclampsia and without preeclampsia. The results of the study show significant relationship of depression among pregnant women having preeclampsia and without preeclampsia.
{"title":"Relationship of Maternal Depression during Pregnancy and Risk of Preeclampsia","authors":"Sharda Ghoghre, T. Singh","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P17","url":null,"abstract":"Present research paper investigates the relationship of maternal depression during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia. It is a cross sectional study conducted on 200 pregnant women from different maternity homes in Betul & Bhopal District from Madhya Pradesh. IDAS scale was used to see the depression level among pregnant women having preeclampsia or without preeclampsia. For analysis of data One way analysis of variance was used to show the significant relationship between depression and risk of Preeclampsia among pregnant women having preeclampsia and without preeclampsia. The results of the study show significant relationship of depression among pregnant women having preeclampsia and without preeclampsia.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"541-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76427486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronanki Srivalli, B. Kumari, K. Maheswari, B. Prabhakar, W. Suneetha
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits of three commercial tomato cultivars Pusa Ruby, Lakshmi and US440, were harvested at red riped stage and physicochemical parameters like colour, TSS, p H , weight of fruit and lycopene content were assessed. Among the three Pusa Ruby cultivar was selected for further processing due to its desirable traits like high lycopene content (5.49 mg/100 g) high TSS (6.93° Brix), pH less than 4.5 and uniform red colour. Tomato powder was processed and physicochemical analysis showed that lycopene content of tomato powder was 4.19 mg/100 g, rehydration ratio was 1.09% and dehydration ratio was 22.49%.
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Three Different Tomato Cultivars of Telangana, India and Their Suitability in Food Processing","authors":"Ronanki Srivalli, B. Kumari, K. Maheswari, B. Prabhakar, W. Suneetha","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P12","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits of three commercial tomato cultivars Pusa Ruby, Lakshmi and US440, were harvested at red riped stage and physicochemical parameters like colour, TSS, p H , weight of fruit and lycopene content were assessed. Among the three Pusa Ruby cultivar was selected for further processing due to its desirable traits like high lycopene content (5.49 mg/100 g) high TSS (6.93° Brix), pH less than 4.5 and uniform red colour. Tomato powder was processed and physicochemical analysis showed that lycopene content of tomato powder was 4.19 mg/100 g, rehydration ratio was 1.09% and dehydration ratio was 22.49%.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"482-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81211056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Globally, next to CO 2 and Methane, raising levels of tropospheric ozone (O 3 ), acts as a secondary pollutant and green house gas which is a silent threat as well as one of the biggest challenges for the decrease in agricultural production. The diurnal and seasonal variation characteristics of ambient ozone (O 3 ) and its precursor NOx was investigated by their continuous measurements at ISRO-Climate Change Observatory situated in a high altitude Western Ghats location of Ooty. The impact of ambient O 3 on the growth and yield characteristics of various potato genotypes were assessed by the calculated higher ozone exposure indices AOT40 and SUM60 than critical levels by showing “latent injury“ in the form of yield reduction (4.56 - 25.5 %) in potato genotypes. The impact of three elevated O 3 levels (100, 150 and 200 ppb for 4 hd -1 ) on ten potato genotypes was done by fumigation under controlled open–top chamber during its critical stage namely the tuber initiation stage resulted that Kufri Surya proved to be moderately resistant by recording the highest yield.
在全球范围内，除二氧化碳和甲烷外，对流层臭氧(o3)水平的上升是一种二次污染物和温室气体，这是一种无声的威胁，也是农业产量下降的最大挑战之一。利用位于印度西部高止山脉的isro气候变化观测站的连续观测数据，研究了大气臭氧(o3)及其前体NOx的日变化特征和季节变化特征。通过计算臭氧暴露指数AOT40和SUM60高于临界水平，评价了环境臭氧对不同基因型马铃薯生长和产量特性的影响，表明环境臭氧对不同基因型马铃薯的“潜在伤害”表现为产量降低(4.56% ~ 25.5%)。在马铃薯的关键阶段，即块茎形成阶段，在受控的开顶室熏蒸下，对10个基因型进行了3个升高的O 3水平(4 hd -1为100、150和200 ppb)的影响，结果证明Kufri Surya具有中等抗性，产量最高。
{"title":"Ambient and Elevated Ozone (O3) impacts on Potato Genotypes (Solanum tuberosum.L) over a high altitude Western Ghats location in Southern India","authors":"V. Suganthy, C. Udayasoorian","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P16","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, next to CO 2 and Methane, raising levels of tropospheric ozone (O 3 ), acts as a secondary pollutant and green house gas which is a silent threat as well as one of the biggest challenges for the decrease in agricultural production. The diurnal and seasonal variation characteristics of ambient ozone (O 3 ) and its precursor NOx was investigated by their continuous measurements at ISRO-Climate Change Observatory situated in a high altitude Western Ghats location of Ooty. The impact of ambient O 3 on the growth and yield characteristics of various potato genotypes were assessed by the calculated higher ozone exposure indices AOT40 and SUM60 than critical levels by showing “latent injury“ in the form of yield reduction (4.56 - 25.5 %) in potato genotypes. The impact of three elevated O 3 levels (100, 150 and 200 ppb for 4 hd -1 ) on ten potato genotypes was done by fumigation under controlled open–top chamber during its critical stage namely the tuber initiation stage resulted that Kufri Surya proved to be moderately resistant by recording the highest yield.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"11 4","pages":"530-540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91400861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lem Edith Abongwa, Nyuydzedze Stanley Sunjo, Ndifor Glory Afah
Viral hepatitis, especially those caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), represents a worldwide significant cause of morbidity and mortality affecting about 2 billion people worldwide. Prevention against hepatitis B (HB) is proportional to the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the people. This study seeks to assess the KAP towards HB in two rural areas of the Anglophone regions in Cameroon from the May 2014 of January 2015 using p re-designed and pre-tested, semi- structured questionnaire. Any correct or positive answers was given one point and zero for a no or negative answer. The response rate was 612 (87.4%). This study revealed that mean (SD) KAP was 14.4(3.7%), 4.7(1.1%) and 3.8(1.2%) respectively. Thus majority of the respondents had low knowledge 354(57.9%), high positive attitude 334(54.6%) and low poor practice 149(24.3%) regarding HB. Excellent knowledge was expressed only by 38(6.2%) respondents. A univariate analysis of Knowledge, showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in place, sex, age group, occupation, level of education and monthly income while for attitude a significant difference (p<0.05) was seen only in place and for practices a significant difference (p<0.05) was seen in the place, marital status, occupation, level of education and monthly income. A linear correlation revealed a non significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=-0.003, p = 0.12), a significantly positive correlation between knowledge and practice (r =0.28, p = 0.00) and a significantly positive correlation in attitude and Practice (r =0.27, p = 0.00).
病毒性肝炎，特别是由乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)引起的肝炎，是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的重要原因，影响全世界约20亿人。预防乙型肝炎(HB)与人们的知识、态度和实践(KAP)成正比。本研究旨在评估2014年5月至2015年1月期间喀麦隆英语区两个农村地区对乙肝的KAP，采用重新设计和预测试的半结构化问卷。正确或肯定的答案得一分，否定或否定的答案得零分。有效率为612例(87.4%)。本研究显示，平均(SD) KAP分别为14.4(3.7%)、4.7(1.1%)和3.8(1.2%)。因此，大多数受访者对乙肝的认知度较低的有354人(57.9%)，积极态度较高的有334人(54.6%)，实践不良的有149人(24.3%)。只有38名(6.2%)受访者表示“知识优秀”。知识的单变量分析,显示出显著性差异(p < 0.05),性别、年龄、职业、受教育程度、月收入而态度差异显著(p < 0.05)被认为只有在地方和实践差异显著(p < 0.05)的地方,婚姻状况、职业、受教育程度、月收入。知识与态度呈非显著正相关(r=-0.003, p = 0.12)，知识与实践呈显著正相关(r= 0.28, p = 0.00)，态度与实践呈显著正相关(r= 0.27, p = 0.00)。
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Hepatitis B among two rural communities of the Anglophone regions in Cameroon","authors":"Lem Edith Abongwa, Nyuydzedze Stanley Sunjo, Ndifor Glory Afah","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P13","url":null,"abstract":"Viral hepatitis, especially those caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), represents a worldwide significant cause of morbidity and mortality affecting about 2 billion people worldwide. Prevention against hepatitis B (HB) is proportional to the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the people. This study seeks to assess the KAP towards HB in two rural areas of the Anglophone regions in Cameroon from the May 2014 of January 2015 using p re-designed and pre-tested, semi- structured questionnaire. Any correct or positive answers was given one point and zero for a no or negative answer. The response rate was 612 (87.4%). This study revealed that mean (SD) KAP was 14.4(3.7%), 4.7(1.1%) and 3.8(1.2%) respectively. Thus majority of the respondents had low knowledge 354(57.9%), high positive attitude 334(54.6%) and low poor practice 149(24.3%) regarding HB. Excellent knowledge was expressed only by 38(6.2%) respondents. A univariate analysis of Knowledge, showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in place, sex, age group, occupation, level of education and monthly income while for attitude a significant difference (p<0.05) was seen only in place and for practices a significant difference (p<0.05) was seen in the place, marital status, occupation, level of education and monthly income. A linear correlation revealed a non significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=-0.003, p = 0.12), a significantly positive correlation between knowledge and practice (r =0.28, p = 0.00) and a significantly positive correlation in attitude and Practice (r =0.27, p = 0.00).","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"490-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87984234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The physiochemical parameters and heavy metals contents in refuse waste soils of selected dumpsites in Afikpo, Afikpo North, Ebonyi State, Nigeria were investigated using standard analytical methods. The results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in the temperature and moisture contents of the samples in all the sites. However, the pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, total organic matter, phosphate (PO 4 3- ), sulphate (SO 4 2- ), nitrogen and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) varied significantly (P < 0.05) from one site to another and were always higher in the dumpsites compared to the control sites. The results also indicated that the mean values of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, and Pb varied significantly (P < 0.05) from one site to another and were always higher in the dumpsites compared to the control sites. In all cases, Mgbo dumpsite had the highest mean contents for all the metals followed by Amuro dumpsite, while Amaizu dumpsite had the least mean values for Cu, Ni and Mn only, Amaechara dumpsite had the least values for Zn, Fe and Pb only. These results showed anthropogenic input of heavy metals in the dumpsites and their ecological risks implications in biodiversity were discussed.
{"title":"Assessment of Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metals Contents in Selected Dumpsites in Afikpo, Afikpo North, Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"S. E. Obasi, N. Obasi, U. Dike, R. I. Igbolekwu","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P15","url":null,"abstract":"The physiochemical parameters and heavy metals contents in refuse waste soils of selected dumpsites in Afikpo, Afikpo North, Ebonyi State, Nigeria were investigated using standard analytical methods. The results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in the temperature and moisture contents of the samples in all the sites. However, the pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, total organic matter, phosphate (PO 4 3- ), sulphate (SO 4 2- ), nitrogen and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) varied significantly (P < 0.05) from one site to another and were always higher in the dumpsites compared to the control sites. The results also indicated that the mean values of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, and Pb varied significantly (P < 0.05) from one site to another and were always higher in the dumpsites compared to the control sites. In all cases, Mgbo dumpsite had the highest mean contents for all the metals followed by Amuro dumpsite, while Amaizu dumpsite had the least mean values for Cu, Ni and Mn only, Amaechara dumpsite had the least values for Zn, Fe and Pb only. These results showed anthropogenic input of heavy metals in the dumpsites and their ecological risks implications in biodiversity were discussed.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"519-529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87221153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Shivakumar, R. AbhilashM, A. Nagaraju, N. Smitha, C. Shivalingaiah
Water security is emerging as an important and imperative issue for India. Many Indian cities are experiencing moderate to severe water shortages due to understood effects of industrialization and urbanization. These shortages would be further provoked by population stress and irrigation requirements that are major factors related to water insecurity. Around 1.2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the world's population, live in areas of physical scarcity and 500 million people are approaching this situation. Another 1.6 billion people or almost one quarter of the world's population, are facing economic water shortage. Water use is growing at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century. The water bodies, rivers, lakes, dams and estuaries are continuously subject to dynamic state of change with respect to the geological age and geochemical characteristics. The dynamic balance in the aquatic ecosystem is upset by human activities, resulting in pollution which is manifested dramatically as fish kill, offensive taste, odor, color, and unchecked aquatic weeds. Consequences of such human activities and discharge of sewage water makes the existence of the lakes more vulnerable. It is the prime necessary to take immediate remedial action to prevent all anthropogenic activities in the studied lakes or else the lakes will become biologically barren and will be lost forever. In the present study an attempt was made to know the physical, chemical, characteristic of lake water of selected lakes of Mysuru city.
{"title":"Comparative Limnological Studies in Mysuru City","authors":"D. Shivakumar, R. AbhilashM, A. Nagaraju, N. Smitha, C. Shivalingaiah","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P14","url":null,"abstract":"Water security is emerging as an important and imperative issue for India. Many Indian cities are experiencing moderate to severe water shortages due to understood effects of industrialization and urbanization. These shortages would be further provoked by population stress and irrigation requirements that are major factors related to water insecurity. Around 1.2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the world's population, live in areas of physical scarcity and 500 million people are approaching this situation. Another 1.6 billion people or almost one quarter of the world's population, are facing economic water shortage. Water use is growing at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century. The water bodies, rivers, lakes, dams and estuaries are continuously subject to dynamic state of change with respect to the geological age and geochemical characteristics. The dynamic balance in the aquatic ecosystem is upset by human activities, resulting in pollution which is manifested dramatically as fish kill, offensive taste, odor, color, and unchecked aquatic weeds. Consequences of such human activities and discharge of sewage water makes the existence of the lakes more vulnerable. It is the prime necessary to take immediate remedial action to prevent all anthropogenic activities in the studied lakes or else the lakes will become biologically barren and will be lost forever. In the present study an attempt was made to know the physical, chemical, characteristic of lake water of selected lakes of Mysuru city.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"252 ","pages":"506-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91548816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graviola or Gishta (Annona spp. of Ethiopia) are generally useful for human consumption were analysed for the presence of potentially harmful chemicals (antinutrients) and for their toxicity. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the Graviola or Gishta (Annona spp. of Ethiopia) leaves, fruit pulp and seed extracts were safe for human consumption. Chemical analysis showed that none of tested parts contained cyanogenic glycosides, however all the three tested plant materials contained oxalic acid in high concentrations and also contained negligible amounts of phytic acid, saponins and alkaloids. Tested plant samples also found to inhibit trypsin activity. These chemical analyses were carried out in duplicate.
{"title":"Screening of antinutrients in leaves, fruit pulp and seeds of Gishta (Annona spp.) of Ethiopia, North East Africa","authors":"Harikrishna Ramaprasad Saripalli, P. K. Dixit","doi":"10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21013/JAS.V4.N3.P11","url":null,"abstract":"Graviola or Gishta (Annona spp. of Ethiopia) are generally useful for human consumption were analysed for the presence of potentially harmful chemicals (antinutrients) and for their toxicity. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the Graviola or Gishta (Annona spp. of Ethiopia) leaves, fruit pulp and seed extracts were safe for human consumption. Chemical analysis showed that none of tested parts contained cyanogenic glycosides, however all the three tested plant materials contained oxalic acid in high concentrations and also contained negligible amounts of phytic acid, saponins and alkaloids. Tested plant samples also found to inhibit trypsin activity. These chemical analyses were carried out in duplicate.","PeriodicalId":14487,"journal":{"name":"IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"471-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76784578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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