Pub Date : 2003-06-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.130
T. Imai, M. Shibata, A. Mizuno, Y. Kato
Receptor activator of NF-kB (RANK) and its ligand, receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) play a crucial role in the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. In order to evaluate the efficacy of RANK, we designed a soluble murine RANK (sRANK) and compared its functional activitywith Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble decoy receptor for RANKL. sRANK was expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf-9 cells and purified by Ni-NTA chromatography followed by MonoQ column elution. The binding affinity of the purified sRANK to RANKL was quite similar to that of OPG. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis from mouse bone marrow cells showed no significant difference between sRANK and OPG. However, sRANK had no effect on TNF-related apoptosisinducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis, although OPG prevented the cytotoxic activity of TRAIL. The results of this study suggest that recombinant sRANK may have therapeutic value as an inhibitor of bone resorption.
NF-kB受体激活因子(Receptor activator of NF-kB, RANK)及其配体，NF-kB配体受体激活因子(Receptor activator of NF-kB, RANKL)在破骨细胞的分化和活化中起着至关重要的作用。为了评价RANK的有效性，我们设计了一种可溶性小鼠RANK (sRANK)，并将其与RANKL的可溶性诱饵受体骨保护素(OPG)的功能活性进行了比较。sRANK在杆状病毒感染的Sf-9细胞中表达，经Ni-NTA层析和MonoQ柱洗脱纯化。纯化后的sRANK与RANKL的结合亲和力与OPG非常相似。此外，对rankl诱导的小鼠骨髓细胞破骨细胞生成的抑制作用在rankl和OPG之间没有显著差异。然而，尽管OPG可以阻止TRAIL的细胞毒活性，但sRANK对tnf相关的凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)诱导的细胞凋亡没有影响。本研究结果提示重组sRANK作为骨吸收抑制剂可能具有治疗价值。
{"title":"Functional Characterization of the Receptor Activator of NF-.KAPPA.B(RANK) Extracellular Domain.","authors":"T. Imai, M. Shibata, A. Mizuno, Y. Kato","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.130","url":null,"abstract":"Receptor activator of NF-kB (RANK) and its ligand, receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) play a crucial role in the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. In order to evaluate the efficacy of RANK, we designed a soluble murine RANK (sRANK) and compared its functional activitywith Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble decoy receptor for RANKL. sRANK was expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf-9 cells and purified by Ni-NTA chromatography followed by MonoQ column elution. The binding affinity of the purified sRANK to RANKL was quite similar to that of OPG. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis from mouse bone marrow cells showed no significant difference between sRANK and OPG. However, sRANK had no effect on TNF-related apoptosisinducing ligand (TRAIL) -induced apoptosis, although OPG prevented the cytotoxic activity of TRAIL. The results of this study suggest that recombinant sRANK may have therapeutic value as an inhibitor of bone resorption.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"2 1","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90323119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-04-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.64
S. Hidaka
Tannins are one of polyphenolic compounds. Polyphenols are classified into two groups in terms of their reaction to gelatin, i.e., hydrolyzable (gelatin-soluble) and polymeric (gelatin-precipitable) polyphenols. They are present in a wide variety of plants used for medicine and food1). Polyphenols are known to form a stable complex with human whole saliva2). They form a complex with proline-rich glycoproteins and histatins3-5). Human saliva is a tannin-binding agent, similar to gelatin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme and polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP)6,7). Therefore, it is expected that the salivary interaction with saliva-soluble and saliva-precipitable tannin may influence oral calcification. Both glycyrrhiza (a herb) and tannic acid affected the formation of calcium phosphate precipitates8). Tannic acid forms precipitates with saliva (salivaprecipitable), but glycyrrhiza does not (salivasoluble)9). Therefore, it is of interest to study the effects of both compounds on the formation of calcium phosphate precipitates in the presence of saliva. Materials and Methods
{"title":"Effects of Human Saliva on the Formation of Calcium Phosphate Precipitates in the Presence of Glycyrrhiza and Tannic Acid","authors":"S. Hidaka","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.64","url":null,"abstract":"Tannins are one of polyphenolic compounds. Polyphenols are classified into two groups in terms of their reaction to gelatin, i.e., hydrolyzable (gelatin-soluble) and polymeric (gelatin-precipitable) polyphenols. They are present in a wide variety of plants used for medicine and food1). Polyphenols are known to form a stable complex with human whole saliva2). They form a complex with proline-rich glycoproteins and histatins3-5). Human saliva is a tannin-binding agent, similar to gelatin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme and polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP)6,7). Therefore, it is expected that the salivary interaction with saliva-soluble and saliva-precipitable tannin may influence oral calcification. Both glycyrrhiza (a herb) and tannic acid affected the formation of calcium phosphate precipitates8). Tannic acid forms precipitates with saliva (salivaprecipitable), but glycyrrhiza does not (salivasoluble)9). Therefore, it is of interest to study the effects of both compounds on the formation of calcium phosphate precipitates in the presence of saliva. Materials and Methods","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85109316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-04-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.59
K. Shiozawa, K. Kohyama, K. Yanagisawa
To clarify the relationship between the physical properties of a food bolus and the initiation of swallowing, we measured the texture of food boluses collected from the oral cavity at three different stages of mastication: M stage, the halfway stage of mastication; L stage, immediately prior to swallowing; and +20% stage, the number of chewing strokes 20% beyond a point at which swallowing would usually occur. Eleven healthy adult participants masticated highly adhesive rice cakes (RC), hard and brittle peanuts (P) and hard biscuits (HB). The texture of the bolus was measured by texture profile analysis. Hardness of the bolus decreased significantly from the M to L stage during mastication of all three types of food. This finding suggests that the decrease in hardness of a bolus may be a necessary factor for the initiation of swallowing, although it is not a sufficient factor by itself for the initiation of swallowing. For both the P and HB boluses, adhesiveness had a maximum value at the L stage immediately prior to swallowing, and cohesiveness increased significantly from the M to L stage. In contrast, adhesiveness of the RC bolus decreased significantly (p<0.001) from the M to L stage, with cohesiveness remaining unchanged. These findings suggest that the initiation of swallowing during mastication of hard and brittle food commences once a clump bolus formed, while swallowing of highly adhesive food is triggered when adhesiveness of the bolus is sufficiently reduced to meet the swallowing threshold.
{"title":"Relationship between Physical Properties of a Food Bolus and Initiation of Swallowing","authors":"K. Shiozawa, K. Kohyama, K. Yanagisawa","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.59","url":null,"abstract":"To clarify the relationship between the physical properties of a food bolus and the initiation of swallowing, we measured the texture of food boluses collected from the oral cavity at three different stages of mastication: M stage, the halfway stage of mastication; L stage, immediately prior to swallowing; and +20% stage, the number of chewing strokes 20% beyond a point at which swallowing would usually occur. Eleven healthy adult participants masticated highly adhesive rice cakes (RC), hard and brittle peanuts (P) and hard biscuits (HB). The texture of the bolus was measured by texture profile analysis. Hardness of the bolus decreased significantly from the M to L stage during mastication of all three types of food. This finding suggests that the decrease in hardness of a bolus may be a necessary factor for the initiation of swallowing, although it is not a sufficient factor by itself for the initiation of swallowing. For both the P and HB boluses, adhesiveness had a maximum value at the L stage immediately prior to swallowing, and cohesiveness increased significantly from the M to L stage. In contrast, adhesiveness of the RC bolus decreased significantly (p<0.001) from the M to L stage, with cohesiveness remaining unchanged. These findings suggest that the initiation of swallowing during mastication of hard and brittle food commences once a clump bolus formed, while swallowing of highly adhesive food is triggered when adhesiveness of the bolus is sufficiently reduced to meet the swallowing threshold.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82445864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-04-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.52
Takehiko Shimizu, T. Maeda
The Ebk/MDK1 gene belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) family and has been shown to be closely related to the Eph/Eck/Elk subfamily. A study was conducted to investigate the role of Ebk/ MDK1 in the oral development of early mouse embryogenesis. RT-PCR analysis identified the presence of Ebk/MDK1 mRNA in the region of the first molar at embryonic day 15 (E15). In situ hybridization analysis in the developing oral field from E12 to E16 revealed Ebk/MDK1 expressed in the mesenchyme underlying the dental epithelium of both of the first molars and incisors, as well as in the mesenchyme of the developing alveolar ridge, palate, tongue and lip. The distinct patterns of Ebk/MDK1 expression suggest that this gene may be involved in the establishment of these oral structures in mouse embryogenesis.
{"title":"Localization of Ebk/MDK1 in Mouse Oral Development","authors":"Takehiko Shimizu, T. Maeda","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.52","url":null,"abstract":"The Ebk/MDK1 gene belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) family and has been shown to be closely related to the Eph/Eck/Elk subfamily. A study was conducted to investigate the role of Ebk/ MDK1 in the oral development of early mouse embryogenesis. RT-PCR analysis identified the presence of Ebk/MDK1 mRNA in the region of the first molar at embryonic day 15 (E15). In situ hybridization analysis in the developing oral field from E12 to E16 revealed Ebk/MDK1 expressed in the mesenchyme underlying the dental epithelium of both of the first molars and incisors, as well as in the mesenchyme of the developing alveolar ridge, palate, tongue and lip. The distinct patterns of Ebk/MDK1 expression suggest that this gene may be involved in the establishment of these oral structures in mouse embryogenesis.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"110 1","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87681361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-02-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.1
S. Fujiwara, K. Imai, M. Seiki, K. Sanada
In response to injury, dental pulp cells differentiate into odontoblast-like cells to produce reparative dentin. To understand the mechanism of odontoblastic differentiation and to stimulate reparative dentin formation, we developed an in vitro culture system representing odontoblastic differentiation of bovine dental pulp cells and profiled the protein expression through proteomic analyses. Fractionation with which two-dimensional gel electrophoresis exhibited an analogous protein expression pattern between in vivo and in vivo pulp cells, but underlined differentially expressed proteins during the odontoblastic differentiation. Subsequent mass spectrometry and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence demonstrated degradation of vimentin into several species, up-regulation of connexin 43 and down-regulation of protein disulfide isomerase in the differentiating pulp cells and suggests the involvement of these proteins in odontoblastic differentiation.
{"title":"Proteomic Analysis of Protein Expressed in Odontoblastic Differentiation of Bovine Dental Pulp Cells","authors":"S. Fujiwara, K. Imai, M. Seiki, K. Sanada","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.1","url":null,"abstract":"In response to injury, dental pulp cells differentiate into odontoblast-like cells to produce reparative dentin. To understand the mechanism of odontoblastic differentiation and to stimulate reparative dentin formation, we developed an in vitro culture system representing odontoblastic differentiation of bovine dental pulp cells and profiled the protein expression through proteomic analyses. Fractionation with which two-dimensional gel electrophoresis exhibited an analogous protein expression pattern between in vivo and in vivo pulp cells, but underlined differentially expressed proteins during the odontoblastic differentiation. Subsequent mass spectrometry and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence demonstrated degradation of vimentin into several species, up-regulation of connexin 43 and down-regulation of protein disulfide isomerase in the differentiating pulp cells and suggests the involvement of these proteins in odontoblastic differentiation.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"207 2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73188418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-02-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.16
Teruhisa Iidaka, H. Yagishita, A. Richards, O. Fejerskov
{"title":"Effects of Long-term Oral Administration of Fluoride on the Physico-chemical Properties of Porcine Bone Mineral: Comparison between Cortical and Trabecular Bones","authors":"Teruhisa Iidaka, H. Yagishita, A. Richards, O. Fejerskov","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.45.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"98 1","pages":"16-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76070150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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