Pub Date : 2001-12-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.700
A. Igarashi, M. Monya, S. Nomura
It has been estimated that about 140 thousand people per year in Japan develop disorders of taste and smell. Decreased taste (hypogeusia) or distorted taste (dysgeusia) are common symptons associated with many disease statuses and drug therapies. There are only a few studies on these disorders because they are seldom fatal and are not considered as serious handicaps. Zinc deficiency is a common problem among the elderly, and this deficiency is concerned with taste disorder, growth failure and impaired wound healing1). The idea that zinc is effective in taste disorder patients with low serum zinc concentrations is supported by the experimental data reported by Yoshida, et al.2) and Heyneman3).
{"title":"Decrease in TIMP-1 Level in Saliva from Patients with Taste Disorder","authors":"A. Igarashi, M. Monya, S. Nomura","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.700","url":null,"abstract":"It has been estimated that about 140 thousand people per year in Japan develop disorders of taste and smell. Decreased taste (hypogeusia) or distorted taste (dysgeusia) are common symptons associated with many disease statuses and drug therapies. There are only a few studies on these disorders because they are seldom fatal and are not considered as serious handicaps. Zinc deficiency is a common problem among the elderly, and this deficiency is concerned with taste disorder, growth failure and impaired wound healing1). The idea that zinc is effective in taste disorder patients with low serum zinc concentrations is supported by the experimental data reported by Yoshida, et al.2) and Heyneman3).","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"55 1","pages":"700-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72816616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.653
Ki-ichiro Tanaka, T. Ono, T. Kobayakawa
When a rat tail tendon swollen after incubation in guanidine hydrochloride was soaked in an artificial calcification solution, its calcification was promoted. X-ray small angle scattering of the tendon suggested the formation of cracks in the tendon collagen. The cracks may provide the location and sites for nucleations of calcium phosphate crystals. Decorin, a powerful inhibitor of calcification, is eluted out by the guanidine hydrochloride treatment.
{"title":"Swelling of Collagen Fiber by Guanidine Hydrochloride and Its Calcification.","authors":"Ki-ichiro Tanaka, T. Ono, T. Kobayakawa","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.653","url":null,"abstract":"When a rat tail tendon swollen after incubation in guanidine hydrochloride was soaked in an artificial calcification solution, its calcification was promoted. X-ray small angle scattering of the tendon suggested the formation of cracks in the tendon collagen. The cracks may provide the location and sites for nucleations of calcium phosphate crystals. Decorin, a powerful inhibitor of calcification, is eluted out by the guanidine hydrochloride treatment.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"653-658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85625699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Histological Changes in the Rat Submandibular Gland Following Ligation and Removal of the Main Excretory Duct","authors":"Hideo Yagishita, M. Uchida, S. Aiyama","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.676","url":null,"abstract":"本研究は, 顎下腺の主導管結紮後と解除後における腺房細胞と筋上皮細胞の組織学的変化と再生過程を明らかにする目的で行われた. ラット顎下腺の主導管を1週間結紮し, その組織学的変化, 次いで結紮解除後の経日的変化を調べた. 免疫染色やTUNEL染色を施した試料について光学顕微鏡と透過電子顕微鏡による観察を行った.正常なラット顎下腺では, 筋上皮細胞に被われた導管様構造物は認められなかったが, 主導管結紮後, このような組織像が多数観察された. 光顕下では, アポトーシスを思わせるTUNEL染色陽性腺房細胞が若干観察されたが, 電顕観察では確認できなかった. このことから, 細胞死が生じたとしても少数であると思われた. 結紮解除後4週で顎下腺全体にほぼ正常な腺房が観察された. これらの所見から, 腺房の回復は主として導管様構造物が腺房へ回復することによるものと思われた.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"3 1","pages":"676-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88887837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.370
M. Kubo, K. Ishizeki
To clarify whether in vitro cell death in Meckel's chondrocytes induced by heat-stress treatment involves apoptosis or necrosis, we performed morphological examinations using immunohistochemistry including BrdU-incorporation, the TUNEL method, and light and electron microscopy. Cell death was induced in Meckel's chondrocytes isolated enzymatically from 17-day embryonic mice, by exposure to temperatures 40-60°C. On exposure t0 sublethal temperatures of 40-45°C, the incorporation of BrdU was facilitated, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells appeared with high frequency. At the ultrastructural level, apoptotic cell death was characterized by chromatin condensation, nuclear segmentation, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. In contrast, cell death induced by lethal temperature (50-60°C) presented decreases in TUNEL-positive cells and cell incorporating BrdU. High temperature-treated cells showed apparent disruption of the membrane of cell organelles. Immunostaining for heat shock proteins (HSP) -27 and-70 revealed that these proteins are secreted continuously at lower temperatures, but have a tendency toward decrease on exposure to lethal temperatures. Our results suggest that Meckel's chondrocytes demonstrate apoptosis at sublethal temperatures, but undergo necrosis at lethal temperatures.
{"title":"Analysis of Cell Death in Meckel's Chondrocytes In Vitro Induced by Heat-Shock Treatment","authors":"M. Kubo, K. Ishizeki","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.370","url":null,"abstract":"To clarify whether in vitro cell death in Meckel's chondrocytes induced by heat-stress treatment involves apoptosis or necrosis, we performed morphological examinations using immunohistochemistry including BrdU-incorporation, the TUNEL method, and light and electron microscopy. Cell death was induced in Meckel's chondrocytes isolated enzymatically from 17-day embryonic mice, by exposure to temperatures 40-60°C. On exposure t0 sublethal temperatures of 40-45°C, the incorporation of BrdU was facilitated, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells appeared with high frequency. At the ultrastructural level, apoptotic cell death was characterized by chromatin condensation, nuclear segmentation, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. In contrast, cell death induced by lethal temperature (50-60°C) presented decreases in TUNEL-positive cells and cell incorporating BrdU. High temperature-treated cells showed apparent disruption of the membrane of cell organelles. Immunostaining for heat shock proteins (HSP) -27 and-70 revealed that these proteins are secreted continuously at lower temperatures, but have a tendency toward decrease on exposure to lethal temperatures. Our results suggest that Meckel's chondrocytes demonstrate apoptosis at sublethal temperatures, but undergo necrosis at lethal temperatures.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"72 2 1","pages":"370-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84719696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.402
S. Fujiwara, K. Imai, K. Sanada
The expression of developmental stage-specific genes osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, thrombospondin (Tsp), transforming growth factor (Tgf) -β, fibroblast growth factor (Fgf), activin (Act) during pulp cell differentiation into odontoblast-like cell was examined using primary cultured pulp cells isolated from bovine adults teeth. The cells slowly became multilayered and clustered to form many nodules. RTPCR amplification demonstrated that Tgf-β1 and Fgf-2 expression were increased whereas osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, Tsp-1, and Act-βB expression had declined in relation to cellular differentiation. Mineralization in the nodules was confirmed by Alizarin red and calcein blue staining. These results suggest a role of up-regulation of Tgf-β1 and Fgf-2, and down regulation of osteogenic cell differentiation markers including alkaline phosphatase, Tsp-1 and osteocalcin in the mineralization in bovine dental pulp cells.
{"title":"Gene Expression of Bovine Dental Pulp Cells In Vitro during Odontoblast-like Cell Differentiation","authors":"S. Fujiwara, K. Imai, K. Sanada","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.402","url":null,"abstract":"The expression of developmental stage-specific genes osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, thrombospondin (Tsp), transforming growth factor (Tgf) -β, fibroblast growth factor (Fgf), activin (Act) during pulp cell differentiation into odontoblast-like cell was examined using primary cultured pulp cells isolated from bovine adults teeth. The cells slowly became multilayered and clustered to form many nodules. RTPCR amplification demonstrated that Tgf-β1 and Fgf-2 expression were increased whereas osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, Tsp-1, and Act-βB expression had declined in relation to cellular differentiation. Mineralization in the nodules was confirmed by Alizarin red and calcein blue staining. These results suggest a role of up-regulation of Tgf-β1 and Fgf-2, and down regulation of osteogenic cell differentiation markers including alkaline phosphatase, Tsp-1 and osteocalcin in the mineralization in bovine dental pulp cells.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"40 1","pages":"402-409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85742885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.424
Y. Taya, Y. Soeno, Kaori Sato, Satoshi Kurata, T. Aoba
The present study investigated the mechanism of stage-specific Mg incorporation during enamel formation. To this end, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted using a precipitation model with a dialysis chamber. Synthetic hydroxyapatite and pig enamel proteins were used as seeds and regulators for precipitation, respectively. The results showed that the accumulation of Mg ion on and into apatite crystals was highly dependent on solution composition (Ca concentrations and the supersaturation levels) and protein coverages of the crystals. Fluoride at low concentrations efficiently promoted Mg intake into apatite crystals due to the accelerating effect on precipitation kinetics. Trypsin, used as a prototype of enamel resident proteases, also provided an increasing effect on Mg intake due to degradation and removal of proteins associated with crystals. From the data obtained, it is evident that stage-specific Mg incorporation during enamel formation is related to the multiple kinetic and thermodynamic aspects characteristic for enamel mineralization, namely, fluid composition and the competitive adsorption between Ca and Mg ions onto apatite surface, and accumulation of proteinaceous inhibitors of crystal growth and their removal after enzymatic degradation.
{"title":"Mechanistic Understanding of the Stage-specific Accumulation of Magnesium Ions in Developing Enamel: Simulation of Coupling Events at the Crystal/Solution Interface in an in vitro Precipitation Model","authors":"Y. Taya, Y. Soeno, Kaori Sato, Satoshi Kurata, T. Aoba","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.424","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the mechanism of stage-specific Mg incorporation during enamel formation. To this end, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted using a precipitation model with a dialysis chamber. Synthetic hydroxyapatite and pig enamel proteins were used as seeds and regulators for precipitation, respectively. The results showed that the accumulation of Mg ion on and into apatite crystals was highly dependent on solution composition (Ca concentrations and the supersaturation levels) and protein coverages of the crystals. Fluoride at low concentrations efficiently promoted Mg intake into apatite crystals due to the accelerating effect on precipitation kinetics. Trypsin, used as a prototype of enamel resident proteases, also provided an increasing effect on Mg intake due to degradation and removal of proteins associated with crystals. From the data obtained, it is evident that stage-specific Mg incorporation during enamel formation is related to the multiple kinetic and thermodynamic aspects characteristic for enamel mineralization, namely, fluid composition and the competitive adsorption between Ca and Mg ions onto apatite surface, and accumulation of proteinaceous inhibitors of crystal growth and their removal after enzymatic degradation.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"65 1","pages":"424-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83373837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-20DOI: 10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.410
H. Komatsu, Kaori Sato, T. Aoba
Acquisition of substantial amounts of CO32-, HPO42- and other impurities is universally encountered in bioapatites from mammals. To date, however, there is a paucity of information about the stoichiometry and, on that basis, solubility product of dentin mineral. In this report, we summarize our experimental approach toward the determination of the stoichiometry model and thermodynamic solubility products of human dentin apatites. Dentin samples were collected separately from the coronal portion of permanent premolars (extracted for orthodontic reasons) and exfoliated deciduous teeth. Both pooled materials were pulverized with an agate-mortar, and then plasma-ashed at approx. 60°C to remove the organic matter. The stoichiometry model selected for these crystals was (Ca) 5-x (Mg) q (Na) u (HPO4) v (CO3) w (PO4) 3-y (OH) 1-z. These stoichiometric coefficients were analytically determined by assessing separately the labile or surface pools of the ionic species on the crystal surface and their stable pools in the bulk crystal lattice. The dentin mineral was equilibrated in dilute phosphoric solutions (100mg/100ml) at 25°C for a maximum of 28 days under constant partial pressures of CO2. The results showed that there are appreciable differences in the crystal stoichiometry between the permanent and deciduous dentin mineral and that the solubility product constants (KDN) were 4.11×10-45 for permanent dentin and 1.74×10-43 for deciduous dentin, which were determined under 1.8% CO2/N2. Notably, the solubility properties of the dentin mineral remained relatively constant in the range of 1.0 through 3.3% CO2/N2, whereas the discrete solubility data were obtained below and above the corresponding partial pressure of CO2.
在哺乳动物的生物磷灰石中普遍存在大量的CO32-、HPO42-和其他杂质。然而，迄今为止，关于牙本质矿物的化学计量学和在此基础上的溶解度积的资料还很缺乏。在这篇报告中，我们总结了我们测定牙本质磷灰石的化学计量模型和热力学溶解度产物的实验方法。牙本质样本分别从恒前磨牙(因正畸原因拔出)的冠状部分和脱落的乳牙上采集。这两种混合材料都用玛瑙砂浆粉碎，然后在大约。60℃去除有机物。这些晶体的化学计量模型为(Ca) 5-x (Mg) q (Na) u (HPO4) v (CO3) w (PO4) 3-y (OH) 1-z。这些化学计量系数是通过分别评估晶体表面上离子的不稳定或表面池和它们在大块晶格中的稳定池来分析确定的。牙本质矿物在25°C的稀磷溶液(100mg/100ml)中平衡，在CO2的恒定分压下平衡最多28天。结果表明，恒牙本质与乳牙本质矿物的晶体化学计量学存在明显差异，恒牙本质的溶解度积常数(KDN)为4.11×10-45，乳牙本质的溶解度积常数(KDN)为1.74×10-43，这是在1.8% CO2/N2条件下测定的。值得注意的是，牙本质矿物的溶解度在1.0 ~ 3.3% CO2/N2范围内保持相对恒定，而在相应的CO2分压下和高于相应的CO2分压时获得离散的溶解度数据。
{"title":"Stoichiometry and Thermodynamic Solubility Properties of Dentin Mineral of Human Permanent and Deciduous Teeth","authors":"H. Komatsu, Kaori Sato, T. Aoba","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.410","url":null,"abstract":"Acquisition of substantial amounts of CO32-, HPO42- and other impurities is universally encountered in bioapatites from mammals. To date, however, there is a paucity of information about the stoichiometry and, on that basis, solubility product of dentin mineral. In this report, we summarize our experimental approach toward the determination of the stoichiometry model and thermodynamic solubility products of human dentin apatites. Dentin samples were collected separately from the coronal portion of permanent premolars (extracted for orthodontic reasons) and exfoliated deciduous teeth. Both pooled materials were pulverized with an agate-mortar, and then plasma-ashed at approx. 60°C to remove the organic matter. The stoichiometry model selected for these crystals was (Ca) 5-x (Mg) q (Na) u (HPO4) v (CO3) w (PO4) 3-y (OH) 1-z. These stoichiometric coefficients were analytically determined by assessing separately the labile or surface pools of the ionic species on the crystal surface and their stable pools in the bulk crystal lattice. The dentin mineral was equilibrated in dilute phosphoric solutions (100mg/100ml) at 25°C for a maximum of 28 days under constant partial pressures of CO2. The results showed that there are appreciable differences in the crystal stoichiometry between the permanent and deciduous dentin mineral and that the solubility product constants (KDN) were 4.11×10-45 for permanent dentin and 1.74×10-43 for deciduous dentin, which were determined under 1.8% CO2/N2. Notably, the solubility properties of the dentin mineral remained relatively constant in the range of 1.0 through 3.3% CO2/N2, whereas the discrete solubility data were obtained below and above the corresponding partial pressure of CO2.","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"233 1","pages":"410-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75570609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of the Posterior Margin of the Denture on the Functional Properties of Swallowing","authors":"K. Hiraba, Yoshinori Desaki, Nobuhiro Hasegawa, Norie Nozaki, T. Ishida, Yoshinobu Tanaka","doi":"10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2330/JORALBIOSCI1965.43.384","url":null,"abstract":"床義歯の後縁の位置が嚥下機能に及ぼす影響を検討するための基礎的所見を得ることを目的として, 2つの異なる状況下での嚥下 (口腔含水嚥下と連続的繰り返し嚥下) における基本的機能特性を, 最大嚥下量, 1回嚥下量, 嚥下間隔の観点から6名の正常被験者で解析した。その結果, 1回嚥下量は含水嚥下で38.8mlであるのに対し, 連続嚥下では17.6mlと有意に減少した。また, 嚥下間隔も含水嚥下で1, 041msであるのに対し, 連続嚥下では928msと減少傾向を示した。以上のことから2つの嚥下運動は機能的側面からみて異なる嚥下運動であることが強く示唆された。また, 連続嚥下における1回嚥下量と嚥下間隔の間には, 密接な依存関係が存在し, これらの嚥下機能はその調節の主体をなす舌運動に強く関連していることが明らかとなった。","PeriodicalId":14631,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"62 1","pages":"384-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73370990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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