Pub Date : 2018-10-12DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872-C2-029
pFrank Michelp
{"title":"Ionic liquids as stationary phase in GC: An innovation for improving food, environmental and petrochemical analysis","authors":"pFrank Michelp","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872-C2-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872-C2-029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88726439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-12DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872-c2-030
pKung Tien Liup
{"title":"Elucidation of unknown pharmaceutical degradation products: Structures and pathways","authors":"pKung Tien Liup","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872-c2-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872-c2-030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82375529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-20DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000396
Ahmad Mi, Z. Ghouri, Shereen Abdelfatah, A. Easa, Saeed Al Meer
In this study, the leaching potential of ceramic crockeries available in Qatar market has been evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Ceramic crockeries decorated with glaze matter containing various essential (Zinc, Iron, and Barium, etc.) and non-essential heavy metals (lead and cadmium) can adulterate the foodstuff and/or can release deadly metals into the food substance. Chines, Indian, and Spanish ceramic crockeries were randomly selected from the products available in the local Qatari market and analyzed to determine the level of leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. Leaching studies were performed according to the ASTM 738-94 standard test methods for specific metals leaching into 4% acetic acid solutions over 24 hours exposure time. ASTM 738-94 is a precise and standard method and particularly designed for the determination of some heavy metals extracted by acetic acid from the glazed ceramic surface. Results show that all the ceramic crockeries contain both leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. However, the concentration of these heavy metals is not potentially high to cause any adverse effect on human health.
{"title":"Leaching of Some Essential and Non-Essential Heavy Metals from Modern Glazed Ceramic Crockeries Imported into Qatar from China, India and Spain","authors":"Ahmad Mi, Z. Ghouri, Shereen Abdelfatah, A. Easa, Saeed Al Meer","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000396","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the leaching potential of ceramic crockeries available in Qatar market has been evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Ceramic crockeries decorated with glaze matter containing various essential (Zinc, Iron, and Barium, etc.) and non-essential heavy metals (lead and cadmium) can adulterate the foodstuff and/or can release deadly metals into the food substance. Chines, Indian, and Spanish ceramic crockeries were randomly selected from the products available in the local Qatari market and analyzed to determine the level of leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. Leaching studies were performed according to the ASTM 738-94 standard test methods for specific metals leaching into 4% acetic acid solutions over 24 hours exposure time. ASTM 738-94 is a precise and standard method and particularly designed for the determination of some heavy metals extracted by acetic acid from the glazed ceramic surface. Results show that all the ceramic crockeries contain both leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. However, the concentration of these heavy metals is not potentially high to cause any adverse effect on human health.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"37 1 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77963166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000399
Karamjeet Kaur, J. Aulakh
2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde has been explored as an ionophore and fabricated in a polyvinylchloride (PVC)-based membrane. The electrode shows excellent potentiometric response characteristics and displays a linear log [Pb(II)] versus emf response over a wide concentration range of 1.2 × 10-7 M to 1.0 × 10-1 M with detection limit 3.3 × 10-8 M and having nernstian slope of 29.06 mV/decade. Potential response remains almost unchanged at pH range of 3.0-8.0. The electrode shows fast response time of <10 s and a lifetime of four months. It shows good selectivity for Pb(II) ions over the other cations. The complexation 2,2'-[propane-1,3- diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde and Pb(II) cation was studied spectrophotometrically in 1:1 DMF:H2 O mixed solvents. Spectra shows the strong interaction between Ionophore and Pb(II) ion. The electrode can also be used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Pb(II) ions with standard chromate solution and its determination in real samples.
{"title":"Fabrication of Pb(II) Selective Polymeric Membrane Electrode Based on 2,2’[Propane-1,3-Diylbis(Oxy)]Dibenzaldehyde as an Ionophore. J Anal Bioanal Tech","authors":"Karamjeet Kaur, J. Aulakh","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000399","url":null,"abstract":"2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde has been explored as an ionophore and fabricated in a polyvinylchloride (PVC)-based membrane. The electrode shows excellent potentiometric response characteristics and displays a linear log [Pb(II)] versus emf response over a wide concentration range of 1.2 × 10-7 M to 1.0 × 10-1 M with detection limit 3.3 × 10-8 M and having nernstian slope of 29.06 mV/decade. Potential response remains almost unchanged at pH range of 3.0-8.0. The electrode shows fast response time of <10 s and a lifetime of four months. It shows good selectivity for Pb(II) ions over the other cations. The complexation 2,2'-[propane-1,3- diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde and Pb(II) cation was studied spectrophotometrically in 1:1 DMF:H2 O mixed solvents. Spectra shows the strong interaction between Ionophore and Pb(II) ion. The electrode can also be used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Pb(II) ions with standard chromate solution and its determination in real samples.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90390479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000405
J. FemilaMercyRani, Meena, Lakshmanan Rajendran
In this paper, a new mathematical steady state model which describes the methane biofiltration process is discussed. The model involves the impact of various parameters, such as the inlet methane concentration, the gas superficial velocity and the packing bed average temperature, on the methane biofilter efficiency. Simple and an approximate expression of concentrations and elimination capacity are derived for general non-linear Monod kinetics models. The analytical results are compared with the numerical results and are found to be in good agreement. This analytical result helps as to estimate the overall biofilter efficiency in terms of the conversion, elimination capacity and carbon dioxide production.
{"title":"A New Approach of Solving the Nonlinear Equations in Biofiltration of Methane in a Closed Biofilter","authors":"J. FemilaMercyRani, Meena, Lakshmanan Rajendran","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000405","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new mathematical steady state model which describes the methane biofiltration process is discussed. The model involves the impact of various parameters, such as the inlet methane concentration, the gas superficial velocity and the packing bed average temperature, on the methane biofilter efficiency. Simple and an approximate expression of concentrations and elimination capacity are derived for general non-linear Monod kinetics models. The analytical results are compared with the numerical results and are found to be in good agreement. This analytical result helps as to estimate the overall biofilter efficiency in terms of the conversion, elimination capacity and carbon dioxide production.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"59 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72712342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000410
Kafeel Khan, H. Gulab, Farzana Hai̇der
{"title":"Method Development for the Determination of Commercial Formulation of Difenoconazole Fungicide Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer","authors":"Kafeel Khan, H. Gulab, Farzana Hai̇der","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90994509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000409
Sifatullah Km, G. SemraTuncel
Pest is defined as any living organisms interfering with the agricultural activity in a negative way. The major pests were observed that hamper the growth of agricultural crops are insects, fungi, and weeds. Pesticides are the chemicals used against pests. Many precautions are taken to avoid these pests. But, there should be a strategy for use of the chemicals for the sake of food safety. Which means many different products should be under routine control for pesticides residue in a specific zone [1]. Governments in many countries have established new institutions, standards, and methods for regulating food safety and have increased investments in hazard control. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized food as major vehicles for trade commodity and environmental contamination. Sustainable agricultural practices that are promoted for mitigating climate change have the potential to also improve pest management [2]. The over use of synthetic chemicals to control pests and diseases has become widespread in the 20th century especially after the Second World War. An increase in food production has been observed with the increasing World population. However, the quality of food came as a big questions over time. It has been observed that farmers aim to get more and more yield lead to apply more synthetic pesticides. The pesticides were identified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention in 2001. Chemical substances and their persistance in the environment, bio-accumulation through the food web, pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. Pesticides are grouped in many classes among them Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) played an important role at the beginning.
{"title":"Study of Pesticide Contamination in Soil, Water and Produce Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Sifatullah Km, G. SemraTuncel","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000409","url":null,"abstract":"Pest is defined as any living organisms interfering with the agricultural activity in a negative way. The major pests were observed that hamper the growth of agricultural crops are insects, fungi, and weeds. Pesticides are the chemicals used against pests. Many precautions are taken to avoid these pests. But, there should be a strategy for use of the chemicals for the sake of food safety. Which means many different products should be under routine control for pesticides residue in a specific zone [1]. Governments in many countries have established new institutions, standards, and methods for regulating food safety and have increased investments in hazard control. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized food as major vehicles for trade commodity and environmental contamination. Sustainable agricultural practices that are promoted for mitigating climate change have the potential to also improve pest management [2]. The over use of synthetic chemicals to control pests and diseases has become widespread in the 20th century especially after the Second World War. An increase in food production has been observed with the increasing World population. However, the quality of food came as a big questions over time. It has been observed that farmers aim to get more and more yield lead to apply more synthetic pesticides. The pesticides were identified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention in 2001. Chemical substances and their persistance in the environment, bio-accumulation through the food web, pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. Pesticides are grouped in many classes among them Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) played an important role at the beginning.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86010095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000408
S. Chandran, Xavier Rajarathinam, A. Kalaiselvan
A new sensitive, selective, precise and accurate stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in bulk and combined tablet dosage form. Separation and analysis of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate was achieved on Waters C18 (5 μm, 250 mm × 4.6 mm) column using 0.1% H3PO4, methanol and acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:20:20 (v/v/v) as mobile phase at 27°C. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The effluents were monitored with detector set at 245 nm. The method validation was done with regard to the guidelines by the International Conference on Harmonization and US Food and Drug Administration. All the validation characteristics are within the acceptance criteria. The studied drugs were subjected to acid, alkali and neutral hydrolysis, hydrogen peroxide oxidation, thermal degradation, and photo (sunlight) degradation. The peaks of degradation products were well resolved from the peaks of three analytes (drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate). Hence, the developed and validated liquid chromatographic method is able to quantify the drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in the presence of degradation products.
{"title":"Simultaneous Quantification of Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol and Levomefolate by Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method","authors":"S. Chandran, Xavier Rajarathinam, A. Kalaiselvan","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000408","url":null,"abstract":"A new sensitive, selective, precise and accurate stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in bulk and combined tablet dosage form. Separation and analysis of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate was achieved on Waters C18 (5 μm, 250 mm × 4.6 mm) column using 0.1% H3PO4, methanol and acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:20:20 (v/v/v) as mobile phase at 27°C. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The effluents were monitored with detector set at 245 nm. The method validation was done with regard to the guidelines by the International Conference on Harmonization and US Food and Drug Administration. All the validation characteristics are within the acceptance criteria. The studied drugs were subjected to acid, alkali and neutral hydrolysis, hydrogen peroxide oxidation, thermal degradation, and photo (sunlight) degradation. The peaks of degradation products were well resolved from the peaks of three analytes (drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate). Hence, the developed and validated liquid chromatographic method is able to quantify the drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in the presence of degradation products.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79333449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000404
N. Trang, Vu To Giang
Object: To identify the presentation of deafness-related gene caused non-syndromic hearing loss in Vietnamese children.Methods: Apply DNA microarray to 250 hearing-impaired and 250 normal children in Hanoi to screen nine mutational hot spots of four deafness genes, namely GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and 12S rRNA.Results: there are 16 hearing loss participants carried mutations, account for 6.4% in comparison with 0 % of control group. The carrier rates of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, 12S rRNA mutations were 4.4%, 0%, 1.2% and 0.8% respectively.Conclusion: Early detection of common deafness mutations is a factor for diagnosing and rescuing, helping hearing-loss children to develop their language and awareness normally. Microarray testing is a helpful and instrumental screening method in the diagnosis of genetic hearing loss.
{"title":"Application of a DNA Deafness Microarray for Detecting Mutations in the Deaf in Vietnam","authors":"N. Trang, Vu To Giang","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000404","url":null,"abstract":"Object: To identify the presentation of deafness-related gene caused non-syndromic hearing loss in Vietnamese children.Methods: Apply DNA microarray to 250 hearing-impaired and 250 normal children in Hanoi to screen nine mutational hot spots of four deafness genes, namely GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and 12S rRNA.Results: there are 16 hearing loss participants carried mutations, account for 6.4% in comparison with 0 % of control group. The carrier rates of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, 12S rRNA mutations were 4.4%, 0%, 1.2% and 0.8% respectively.Conclusion: Early detection of common deafness mutations is a factor for diagnosing and rescuing, helping hearing-loss children to develop their language and awareness normally. Microarray testing is a helpful and instrumental screening method in the diagnosis of genetic hearing loss.","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"347 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73927064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000413
Tadesu Hailu, Amare Chalie, D. Yilma
{"title":"Analysis of the Level of Some Selected Physicochemical Parameters Present in Wastewater Effluent Discharged from Wolkite University, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Tadesu Hailu, Amare Chalie, D. Yilma","doi":"10.4172/2155-9872.1000413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9872.1000413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79062059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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