Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"SSR based genetic diversity and population structure of important Herb Tribulus terrestris L. from North India","authors":"Neha Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Diksha Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Kanika Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Himanshu Sharma ,&nbsp;Joy Roy ,&nbsp;Raghbir Chand Gupta ,&nbsp;Vikas Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tribulus terrestris</em> L., a key component of several herbal formulations, particularly \"Dashmula\" in Ayurveda, is a plant of notable medicinal importance. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry in India and several other countries. The leaves and fruits are traditionally employed in the treatment of cough, kidney disorders, sexual dysfunction, and rheumatic arthritis. Protodioscin, the primary saponin in the plant, is largely responsible for its broad spectrum of therapeutic properties. Although not extensively cultivated, <em>T. terrestris</em> is grown in Rajasthan, India, and a few other countries. In the present study, the genetic diversity of <em>T. terrestris</em> was evaluated in North Indian populations using SSR markers. A total of 30 SSR primers amplified 169 alleles with size ranging from 80 to 600 bp. Primer TTMS-30 produced the highest number of fragments (11). The mean PIC value was 0.581, indicating a high level of informativeness and the ability of the markers to detect genetic variation among the accessions. The average MI value was 3.367, further supporting the effectiveness of the selected primers in assessing genetic diversity. Both expected and observed heterozygosity values indicated substantial genetic diversity. Cluster analysis revealed three major groups in dendrogram, a pattern further supported by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). STRUCTURE revealed the presence of three distinct genetic stocks among the analysed accessions. The results of the present study provides valuable insights into the underlying genetic structure of the populations. The diverse stocks represent a valuable resource for the selection and conservation. Diverse accessions identified can be utilized in future breeding and improvement programs to meet growing industrial demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive review of cannabis processing stages: A comparison of techniques for obtaining high-quality extracts","authors":"Luz Gabriela Pulido Bonilla ,&nbsp;Jerry W. King ,&nbsp;Iván D. Gil Chaves","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This comprehensive review provides a critical analysis of the integrated cannabis processing chain, from post-harvest handling to the final purification of high-value extracts, addressing the technical challenges and engineering trade-offs inherent in each stage. Pre-processing stages, including drying and decarboxylation, are evaluated based on their profound impact on the preservation of volatile terpenes versus the efficient conversion of acidic cannabinoids to their neutral, more bioavailable forms. Extraction techniques are systematically compared, with a focus on how solvent selection—guided by Solubility Parameter Theory (SPT) and empirical solubility data for supercritical CO₂—dictates selectivity, yield, and the need for subsequent purification. Downstream unit operations, encompassing winterization, filtration, and distillation, are examined as a multi-stage process designed to remove impurities like waxes and pigments, a workflow often characterized by a critical trade-off between achieving high purity and maximizing process yield. Finally, the review details advanced remediation and purification technologies, such as industrial-scale chromatography and crystallization, which are essential for producing compliant, pharmaceutical-grade cannabinoid isolates and precisely formulated distillates. By synthesizing current practices with fundamental engineering principles, this work provides an essential resource for process optimization and sustainable innovation in the rapidly evolving cannabis industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal dynamics of terpenoid metabolism and morphology in Mentha spicata L. ecotypes","authors":"Jalil Moradi-Sadr ,&nbsp;Karim Farmanpour Kalalagh ,&nbsp;Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Mohebodini ,&nbsp;Ghasem Mokhtarikhah ,&nbsp;Hanieh Ahadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigated the morphological traits, glandular trichomes, essential oil (EO) yield, and phytochemical profiles of 24 spearmint ecotypes cultivated over two consecutive years. Initial observations revealed that plant height, stem length, and inflorescence size decreased in the second year due to higher plant density and resource competition. Notably, the Ghaem Shahr ecotype consistently exhibited superior morphological characteristics compared to other ecotypes, particularly the M11 ecotype. Considering the EO yield of all ecotypes, the average EO yield increased in the second year (2.48 %) compared to the first year (1.13 %), attributed to the plants' physiological maturation and enhanced biomass. The phytochemical analysis identified Carvone (0.1–67 %) and Limonene (0.3–31.6 %) as primary EO constituents, with significant inter-ecotype variation influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Factor analysis highlighted key contributors to these variations, including α-Pinene, β-Pinene, and Myrcene. Cluster analysis categorized ecotypes based on morphological and EO profiles, emphasizing the dominant role of genetic diversity. The findings indicate the complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and physiological factors in determining the phenotypic and biochemical characteristics of spearmint ecotypes, providing valuable insights for metabolic engineering and breeding programs aimed at optimizing EO yield and quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsatellite marker resource, genetic diversity, bottleneck, and expected habitat inferences for conservation of critically endangered Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch","authors":"Aasim Majeed ,&nbsp;Amna Devi ,&nbsp;Balraj Sharma ,&nbsp;Mamta Masand ,&nbsp;Shivani Sandal ,&nbsp;Ram Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Saussurea costus</em> (Falc.) is an important medicinal herb known to treat diverse medical ailments that require an immediate conservation effort to rescue its natural genetic resources. This study aimed to implement an integrative use of molecular and climatic data to assess population genetics, genetic structure, and habitat suitability providing comprehensive insights to facilitate conservation strategies. The phylogenetic analysis using 701 orthologous groups of 26 representative plant species revealed a close evolutionary relationship between <em>S. costus</em> and <em>A. lappa.</em> Furthermore, transcriptome-derived 17,022 SSR marker resource was created and a set of informative markers were utilized for the genotyping of 215 individuals comprising 17 populations, which revealed compromised genetic diversity (Ho = 0.24), significant inbreeding (Fis = 0.48), and higher population differentiation (Fst = 0.28). AMOVA exhibited 29 % variation among populations and STRUCTURE, PCoA, and UNJ clustered populations into three gene pools predominantly structured by geographic isolation. Besides, a strong genetic structure and isolation by distance, the genetic bottleneck reported a significant reduction in 13 of the 17 tested populations of <em>S. costus</em>. Additionally, habitat suitability is predicted to deteriorate in at least 64 % of the area in future. Nevertheless, populations with high genetic diversity and climatic hotspots may provide valuable germplasm with suitable geographical regions to evolve strategies for conservation and sustainable utilization of <em>S. costus</em>. In future, identified core genotypes and functionally relevant SSR marker resource created in this study can be utilized to implement molecular breeding efforts for genetic improvement and selection of elite cultivars for commercial cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145359253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolomics reveals age-specific volatile signatures and soil–aroma correlations via altitudinal and developmental modulation of phytochemical profiles in Camellia sinensis","authors":"Yuhang Jiang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wu ,&nbsp;Wenying Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhui Cai ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Lin ,&nbsp;Wenxiong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tea quality, particularly in varieties like Shui Xian Yan, is complexly influenced by plant age, altitude, and soil properties. This study investigated their collective impact on secondary metabolite composition and aroma characteristics in fresh tea leaves, aiming to identify key biochemical markers and optimize cultivation. Utilizing GC-MS metabolomics, fresh leaves from young and old tea plants across varying altitudes (200–800 m) in Wuyishan were analyzed. Soil physicochemical properties were also assessed, with multivariate statistics employed for metabolic profiling. Results showed young tea plants possessed higher volatile terpenoids, aromatic alcohols (e.g., benzyl alcohol, linalool oxides), and alkaloids (e.g., caffeine), contributing to floral-green aromas. Conversely, old tea plants accumulated saturated fatty acids and antioxidant phenolics (e.g., sesamol), yielding fruity-woody notes. Altitudinal effects were age-dependent; high elevations boosted stress-protective volatiles (e.g., trans-furan linalool oxide) in young plants, while old plants exhibited metabolic stability. Soil pH, organic matter, and nutrients (N, P) significantly correlated with aroma profiles (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with lower pH favoring fruity esters and higher nutrients promoting fatty aromas. This metabolic shift from defense-oriented volatiles in young plants to structural/antioxidant compounds in mature plants reflects ontogenetic resource allocation. Altitude-induced stress responses were pronounced in younger, more plastic plants. Soil properties modulate aroma pathways, likely via microbial and enzymatic interactions. These findings align with ecological trade-off and stress-induced secondary metabolism theories. In conclusion, tea quality is dynamically regulated by plant age, altitude, and soil factors. Young tea leaves are optimal for floral-green aromas, while older leaves offer antioxidant-rich profiles. Altitude-specific cultivation and soil management (e.g., pH adjustment, organic matter enrichment) can precisely target desired aroma traits, bridging ecological theory with agricultural practice for enhanced tea quality and bioactive properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145359254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process optimization, kinetics, and thermodynamics for the selenium extraction from Cardamine violifolia","authors":"Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengliang Zhu ,&nbsp;Shengrong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanye Xv ,&nbsp;Fang Jin ,&nbsp;Shengdong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium supplementation is an effective means for its deficient population to maintain their health. The selenium extraction is one of the most important procedures for preparing its supplements. This work provided a systematic investigation on the selenium extraction process from <em>Cardamine violifolia.</em> Firstly, the selenium extraction process was optimized by using the single factor analysis and response surface optimization. Its optimal conditions were particle size 60 mesh, stirrer rotation speed 125 r min⁻¹, initial extraction pH 9, extraction temperature 70 ℃, ratio of water to material 100 ml g⁻¹ and extraction time 27 min. Under its optimal conditions, the selenium concentration in the extracted liquid reached 4.45 µg ml⁻¹. Then its kinetics were investigated, and its kinetic data was in good agreement with the pseudo-first order kinetic model. Its mass transfer coefficient <em><strong>k</strong></em> ranged from 0.0765 to 0.1411 min⁻¹ when its temperature changed from 40 to 70 ℃. And its apparent activation energy <strong>ΔE</strong> was 22.84 kJ mol⁻¹. Finally, its thermodynamic parameters were calculated, its enthalpy change <strong>ΔH</strong> was 30.07 KJ mol⁻¹, its entropy change <strong>ΔS</strong> was 99.3 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, and its Gibbs free energy <strong>ΔG</strong> was range from −1.00 to −3.96 KJ mol⁻¹ when its temperature changed from 40 to 70 ℃. These thermodynamic parameters indicated that the selenium extraction process from <em>C. violifolia</em> was a spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increasing process. This work provides useful information to industrialize the selenium extraction from <em>C. violifolia</em> for its supplement preparation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted NaDES extraction of phenolics from Butea monosperma flowers: Optimization and cosmetic applications","authors":"Kullapon Kesonkan ,&nbsp;Liudmila Yarovaya ,&nbsp;Anupong Joompang ,&nbsp;Panatorn Puwanatanaboon ,&nbsp;Nicha Kanpakdee ,&nbsp;Chanikan Sonklin ,&nbsp;Supachai Jadsadajerm ,&nbsp;Prasat Kittakoop ,&nbsp;Awat Wisetsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In alignment with green chemistry principles, this study presents an eco-friendly method for extracting bioactive compounds from <em>Butea monosperma</em> flowers using natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES). Lactic acid (LA) was combined with various hydrogen bond acceptors, sodium acetate (SA), glucose (Glu), and fructose (Fru) to prepare NaDES. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed as a green and efficient extraction technique. Extraction efficiency was optimized based on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity, evaluated using both DPPH and ABTS assays. Optimal conditions were achieved using LA:SA (3:1, 20 % water) for 45 min (<strong>LS-1</strong>) and LA:Glu (9:1, 40 % water) (<strong>LG-1</strong>) for 60 min, yielding high TPC values (1069.49 ± 12.39 and 1064.93 ± 15.33 mg GAE/L) with strong DPPH scavenging activity (0.089 ± 0.005 and 0.055 ± 0.005 %v/v). ABTS assay further confirmed such antioxidant activity of these extracts. The crude extracts were characterized using UV and NMR spectroscopy. Two major flavonoids, isobutrin (<strong>1</strong>) and butrin (<strong>2</strong>), were successfully isolated and structurally confirmed using UV, IR, and NMR techniques. Their antioxidant activities were also confirmed by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Finally, the most potent extract, prepared using <strong>LS-1</strong>, was successfully incorporated into a water-based cosmetic formulation, demonstrating its potential for sustainable cosmetic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"St. John's wort root-associated beneficial bacteria with vermicompost augment specialized metabolites without penalizing biomass yield by improving photosynthesis and soil microbial properties","authors":"Yog Raj ,&nbsp;Nilofer Ali ,&nbsp;Aparna Maitra Pati ,&nbsp;Rakshak Kumar ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reintroducing beneficial rhizosphere microbes associated with wild medicinal plants back into the rhizosphere during cultivation is expected to increase the efficacy of herbal medicine. However, the effectiveness of this approach for St. John’s wort (<em>Hypericum perforatum</em> L.) has not been explored, nor has it been evaluated alongside other plant biostimulants, such as seaweed extract and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria, that may also impact plant growth and specialized metabolites. To fill these knowledge gaps, in present study a two-year factorial randomized block design experiment was conducted using vermicompost amendment and plant biostimulants, derived from microbial origin (consortia of host plant-associated and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria) and macroalgae-based (seaweed extract). Dry biomass yield of main medicinal material (<em>Hyperici herba</em>) significantly (<em>P = 0.05</em>) influenced by the interaction effect; while contents of specialized metabolites by individual treatments. Seaweed extract significantly maximized the contents of specialized metabolites, particularly pseudohypericin and hypericin; however, it substantially reduced the biomass yield. In both year, biomass yield was not significantly (<em>P &gt; 0.05</em>) influenced by the individual treatment of non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria; however, in combination with vermicompost amendment at 5 Mg ha⁻¹ the biomass yield numerically increased compared to the seaweed extract treatment. Nevertheless, specialized metabolites were minimally increased by non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria. Unlike seaweed extract and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria, host plant-associated rhizobacteria simultaneously enhanced specialized metabolites, especially hyperforin, and the biomass yield either alone or in combination. Across both years, the maximum biomass yield was achieved under the combined application of host plant-associated plant-beneficial rhizobacteria and vermicompost amendment at 5 Mg ha⁻¹. This treatment also improved net photosynthetic rate, internal water use efficiency, soil microbial biomass carbon, and respiration compared to control and rest of the treatments. Thus, the integrating host plant-associated plant-beneficial rhizobacteria with vermicompost amendment offers a sustainable approach to increase the efficacy of St. John’s wort herbal medicine without compromising the biomass yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colchicine induces polyploidization in sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana)","authors":"Emmanuel Nkosinathi Kunene ,&nbsp;Jian-Zhi Huang ,&nbsp;Jong-Yi Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sweet marjoram (<em>Origanum majorana</em> L<em>.</em>) is an aromatic plant widely used in traditional medicine, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, unfavorable climatic conditions resulting from global warming negatively affect its productivity. This challenge may be addressed by developing more tolerant cultivars. To support this, the present study evaluated the efficacy of colchicine for inducing polyploidy in sweet marjoram, with the aim of facilitating cultivar improvement. Seeds were treated with colchicine at concentrations of 0.000 %, 0.025 %, 0.050 %, 0.100 %, 0.200 %, 0.400 %, and 0.800 % for 24 h. Treated seeds were germinated <em>in vitro</em>, and surviving seedlings were established under greenhouse conditions. The ploidy status of all greenhouse plants was initially screened by stomatal assay and subsequently confirmed by flow cytometry. Results showed that seed germination percentages (30 %-46 %) did not differ significantly among treatments; however, seedling survival declined as colchicine concentration increased, with no seedlings surviving at 0.400 % and 0.800 %. Seventeen putative polyploids were identified, of which fourteen were confirmed as true polyploids and three as mixoploids. The fourteen true polyploids included two triploids, ten tetraploids, and two pentaploids. The efficiencies of polyploid induction were 11.1 % at 0.025 %, 40 % at 0.050 %, 75 % at 0.100 %, and 80 % at 0.200 % colchicine. Compared with diploids, polyploid plants exhibited wider leaves, larger stomata, and reduced stomatal density. The true polyploid plants represent valuable genetic resources for breeding new sweet marjoram cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green extraction of bioactive compounds from orange peel waste using NADES and microwave-assisted technique: A CatBoost-GMDH ensemble optimized by mantis search algorithm","authors":"Mostafa Khajeh ,&nbsp;Mansour Ghaffari-Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Jamshid Piri ,&nbsp;Afsaneh Barkhordar ,&nbsp;Didem Saloglu","doi":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing need for sustainable and efficient extraction methods has led to interest in green technologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from agricultural waste. Orange peel, a rich of polyphenols and flavonoids, offers significant potential for sustainable application. This research formulated a novel multi-task optimization approach combining the Mantis Search Algorithm (MSA) with hybrid machine learning models to extract bioactive compounds from orange peel waste using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The holistic strategy employed a multi-task optimization approach that concurrently optimized four key components: feature selection, model hyperparameters, ensemble weights, and process parameters. The process parameters investigated included microwave power (302–495 W), extraction temperature (31–59 °C), extraction time (5.2–30 min), and mass-to-solvent ratio (41–80 mg/mL). Three machine learning models were developed and systematically compared: CatBoost, Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH), and their weighted ensemble fusion. The ensemble MSA-hybrid model exhibited the best predictive performance with R² of 0.656, 0.981, and 0.990 for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. Temperature was found to be the most significant process parameter for all response variables, followed by extraction time and mass-to-solvent ratio. The multi-task optimization approach successfully developed robust predictive models capable of guiding extraction parameter selection for improved bioactive compound yields. Extensive validation using thorough residual analysis, stability testing, and confidence interval analysis reaffirmed model reliability and generalizability. This novel study was successful in offering valuable industry-ready solutions for sustainable bioactive compound extraction while supporting agricultural waste valorization and circular economy concepts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}