Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献_第7页

Does the exogenous application of brassinosteroids affect the photosynthetic, morphological characteristics, and THC concentrations of Cannabis sativa L. under drought stress? 外源油菜素内酯是否影响干旱胁迫下大麻的光合作用、形态特征和四氢大麻酚浓度？

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100635

Shiva Barooti , Mohsen Edalat , Mostafa Oveisi , Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini , Ruhollah Naderi

Drought stress represents a significant constraint on the productivity of crops globally. The application of plant growth regulators, particularly brassinosteroids (BRs), has demonstrated potential in enhancing plant tolerance to drought conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of exogenous BR application on the photosynthetic and morphological characteristics, as well as the concentrations of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), in Cannabis sativa subjected to drought stress. A split-plot experimental design was implemented over two growing seasons, with the primary factor being the planting date (May 20, June 5, June 20) and the secondary factor being the irrigation level (80–100 %, 50–60 %, and 30–40 % of field capacity). Exogenous BR treatments (0, 200, and 400 μg/L) were applied as the tertiary factor. The results indicated that drought stress significantly diminished photosynthetic efficiency, plant growth, and THC concentrations in C. sativa. Conversely, the exogenous application of BRs alleviated the adverse effects of drought, leading to enhanced photosynthetic performance, improved morphological traits, and increased THC levels compared to drought-stressed plants that did not receive BR treatment. These findings suggest that the exogenous application of BRs may serve as a promising strategy to improve drought tolerance and the medicinal properties of C. sativa. The study offers valuable insights into the role of plant growth regulators in modulating the physiological and biochemical responses of this important medicinal plant under conditions of water limitation.

干旱胁迫是全球农作物生产力的一个重大制约因素。植物生长调节剂，特别是油菜素内酯（BRs）的应用，在提高植物对干旱条件的耐受性方面具有潜力。本研究旨在研究外源BR对干旱胁迫下大麻光合特性、形态特征以及δ -9-四氢大麻酚（THC）浓度的影响。采用两个生长季节的分块试验设计，主要因子为种植日期（5月20日、6月5日、6月20日），次要因子为灌溉水平（田间容量的80-100 %、50-60 %和30-40 %）。外源BR处理（0、200和400 μg/L）作为第三因子。结果表明，干旱胁迫显著降低了苜蓿的光合效率、植株生长和THC浓度。相反，与未施用BR的干旱胁迫植物相比，外源施用BR缓解了干旱的不利影响，导致光合性能增强，形态性状改善，THC水平升高。这些结果表明，外源施用BRs可能是提高苜蓿耐旱性和药用特性的一种有希望的策略。该研究为植物生长调节剂在限制水分条件下调节这种重要药用植物的生理生化反应提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Morpho-molecular identification of Barioscapus cordiae (Marshall) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A serious pest of Cordia myxa L. 一种严重的粘蝇害虫——斑蝽的形态-分子鉴定（鞘翅目：斑蝽科）。

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100638

G. Mahendiran , Y.N. Venkatesh , Anna Jose , B. Manu , M. Ashajyothi , K. Sreedevi , S.N. Sushil

The lasoda weevil, Barioscapus cordiae (Marshall) is redescribed with digital images of habitus, morphometric details and images of diagnostic characters. The monotypic weevil genus Barioscapus Pajni and Kohli is easily recognised from other genera in the tribe by the presence of very closely related proxcoxae, antennae inserted at two-third length of rostrum from base, scape remote from eyes, prosternum without a depression before coxae, and exposed pygidium. The first DNA barcode was obtained and reported for molecular identification using cytochrome oxidase I (COI). The estimated total percentage of damage to fruits and seeds caused by B. cordiae to Cordia myxa was 82.07–88.08 %.

利用生境、形态细节和诊断特征的数字图像对象鼻虫进行了重新描述。单型象鼻虫属bararioscapus Pajni和Kohli很容易从部落的其他属中识别出来，因为它们有非常密切相关的喙，触角从基部插入喙的三分之二长度，鳞片远离眼睛，在喙前没有凹陷的前胸，以及暴露的喙。利用细胞色素氧化酶I （COI）进行分子鉴定，获得了第一个DNA条形码。据估计，蓝杆菌对粘蝇果实和种子的总危害率为82.07 ~ 88.08 %。

引用次数: 0

Rapid identification of Fritillaria spp. using multi-wavebands spectroscopy and multi-source data fusion strategies 利用多波段光谱和多源数据融合技术快速鉴定贝母

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100636

Yuchen Tang , Wennan Nie , Yao Zhang , Cunhao Li , Zhu Wei , Haiyang Chen , Yunfei Hu , Wenlong Li

Fritillaria spp., a kind of typical medicine food homology plant, is in growing demand for rapid identification due to its diverse types. This study aims to utilize the mid-infrared (MIR) and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV–VIS–NIR) spectroscopy for the first time to identify Fritillaria spp. Two machine learning techniques of random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) are employed to establish classification models based on spectral data from various Fritillaria spp. Data fusion strategies including low-level, mid-level and high-level fusions are applied to combinate MIR and UV–VIS–NIR data. The result indicates that data fusion improved the classification of Fritillaria spp. compared to using individual spectral data. The RF classifier showed superior performance over the SVM model. The high-level data fusion model achieved the highest prediction accuracy of 93.31 %. This study demonstrates that integrating MIR and UV–VIS–NIR spectroscopy with data fusion techniques offers a feasible, non-destructive, and rapid approach for classifying Fritillaria spp., highlighting the potential for the identifying related medicinal food homology products.

贝母是一种典型的药食同源植物，其种类繁多，对快速鉴定的需求日益增长。本研究首次利用中红外光谱（MIR）和紫外-可见-近红外光谱（UV-VIS-NIR）对贝母进行分类，采用随机森林（RF）和支持向量机（SVM）两种机器学习技术建立贝母光谱数据分类模型，采用低水平、中水平和高水平融合策略对MIR和紫外-可见-近红外数据进行融合。结果表明，与使用单个光谱数据相比，数据融合提高了贝母的分类精度。RF分类器表现出优于SVM模型的性能。高阶数据融合模型预测精度最高，达到93.31 %。该研究表明，将MIR和UV-VIS-NIR光谱技术与数据融合技术相结合，为贝母分类提供了一种可行的、无损的、快速的方法，突出了鉴定相关药用食品同源产品的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Application of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry in traditional Chinese medicines: A review 气相色谱离子迁移谱法在中药研究中的应用综述

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100632

Li Gao , Ruiwen Yang , Liqin Li , Bing Han , Guoyin Kai

Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique, renowned for its rapid analysis and operational simplicity, particularly in the detection of trace compounds. While its applications span various scientific domains, its potential in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remains relatively underexplored. This review systematically examines the current applications and methodological parameters of GC-IMS in TCM research, with particular emphasis on its transformative potential in quality assessment and authentication processes. The versatility of GC-IMS has been demonstrated across multiple facets of TCM analysis, including (1) differentiation of various Pao Zhi processing techniques and their impact on TCM quality, (2) authentication of TCM specimens through parameters such as storage duration and geographical origin, (3) establishment of robust quality evaluation criteria for TCM formulations, (4) detection and profiling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) across different growth stages, (5) taxonomic classification of TCM species, and (6) comprehensive characterization of TCM constituents. The integration of GC-IMS in TCM research offers substantial promise for advancing quality control. Its rapid analytical capabilities, coupled with high sensitivity, position it as an indispensable tool for TCM authentication and quality evaluation, with potential applications throughout various stages of TCM production and distribution.

气相色谱-离子迁移谱法（GC-IMS）已成为一种强大的分析技术，以其快速分析和操作简单而闻名，特别是在痕量化合物的检测方面。虽然它的应用跨越了各个科学领域，但它在中医领域的潜力仍然相对未被充分发掘。本文系统地考察了GC-IMS在中药研究中的应用现状和方法参数，特别强调了其在质量评估和认证过程中的变革潜力。GC-IMS的多功能性已经在中药分析的多个方面得到了证明，包括(1)不同包治工艺的区分及其对中药质量的影响，(2)通过保存时间和地理来源等参数对中药样品进行认证，(3)建立可靠的中药配方质量评价标准，(4)不同生长阶段挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的检测和分析。(5)中药种类的分类；(6)中药成分的综合表征。GC-IMS在中药研究中的整合为推进质量控制提供了巨大的希望。它的快速分析能力，加上高灵敏度，使其成为中药认证和质量评估不可或缺的工具，在中药生产和销售的各个阶段具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

An integrative analysis of population genetics and species distribution modeling of Gymnema sylvestre in India 印度匙羹藤种群遗传学综合分析及物种分布模型

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100631

Kanchana Vaishnav , Aakash Maurya , Anjala Durgapal , T.S. Rana

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br. ex Schult., is a potent anti-diabetic, tropical plant species from Africa to Australia. It has been used since centuries both in indigenous and modern medicine systems to treat diabetes, snake bite, malaria, jaundice, asthma, bronchitis, cardiopathy, leukoderma, eye problems, obesity, etc. In India, the species is significantly threatened by unsustainable harvesting practices for pharmaceutical industries and habitat destruction. Moreover, the continuing climate change may affect its distributional range. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic health (genetic diversity and population genetic structure) and potential geographical range of G. sylvestre under both current (1970–2000) and projected future climatic conditions (2050 and 2070 under Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and RCP8.5) to develop effective conservation, management, and sustainable utilization approaches. A moderate level of genetic diversity was found {Observed Heterozygosity (H_o = 0.391), Nei’s Expected Heterozygosity (H_e = 0.382), and Shannon’s information index (I = 0.656)}, with majority of the genetic variation accumulated within populations (74 %), and very high Nei’s genetic differentiation among populations (F_ST = 0.281) was noticed as the Gene flow among populations (N_m = 0.637) was medium. Various genetic clustering methods yielded two distinct (K = 2) genetic clusters in 118 G. sylvestre individuals proportionate to the geographical isolation. Compared to the present, all the future projections came pessimistically with a reduction in the high and moderate suitable areas. However, 2070 would favor the species in adaptation to the changed climate with increased suitable area compared to the year 2050.

西尔维斯特（西班牙语）r . Br。Schult交货。是一种有效的抗糖尿病植物，产于非洲到澳大利亚的热带植物。几个世纪以来，它一直被用于土著和现代医学系统中，用于治疗糖尿病、蛇咬伤、疟疾、黄疸、哮喘、支气管炎、心脏病、白癜风、眼疾、肥胖等。在印度，该物种受到不可持续的制药业采伐和栖息地破坏的严重威胁。此外，持续的气候变化可能会影响其分布范围。因此，本研究的目的是在当前（1970-2000年）和预测的未来气候条件（2050年和2070年，代表性浓度路径4.5和RCP8.5）下，评估西尔华的遗传健康（遗传多样性和种群遗传结构）和潜在地理范围，以制定有效的保护、管理和可持续利用方法。遗传多样性{Observed杂合度（Ho = 0.391）、Nei’s Expected杂合度（He = 0.382）和Shannon’s information index (I = 0.656)}为中等水平，大部分遗传变异在群体内积累（74 %），群体间基因流（Nm = 0.637）中等，群体间Nei’s遗传分化非常高（FST = 0.281）。各种遗传聚类方法在118 G中产生了两个不同的（K = 2）遗传聚类。与地理隔离程度相称的个体数量。与目前相比，所有的未来预测都是悲观的，高适宜区和中等适宜区都有所减少。然而，与2050年相比，2070年适宜面积增加，有利于物种适应气候变化。

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引用次数: 0

BpGDB: A genomic resource database of Bunium persicum for genetics and breeding BpGDB：用于遗传育种的仙桃基因组资源数据库

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100630

Akshay Singh , Nancy Sharma , Sangita Bansal , Rakesh Singh , G.P. Singh

Bunium persicum or black cumin, holds significant medicinal and culinary importance within the Apiaceae family. Its seeds are prized in Persian and Indian cuisines for flavour-enhancing and preservative properties. Traditional medicine employs it for treating digestive disorders, urinary ailments, diabetes, obesity, and lactation enhancement. Despite its economic value, genomic resources for this plant species are scarce. To address this gap and foster genetic research, we introduce "BpGDB," the first comprehensive genomic resources database for B. persicum. BpGDB features 5939 EST-SSR markers derived from 88,309 non-redundant transcripts assembled de novo. Additionally, it incorporates 37,232 genomic SSR markers obtained from recent de novo genome sequencing efforts of our laboratory. It also includes B. persicum transcripts annotated using NCBI-NR and gene ontology (GO) databases, encompassing key gene families such as cytochrome P450, protein kinases, heat shock proteins (HSPs) etc. and biosynthetic enzymes for bioactive compounds of medicinal value. Moreover, BpGDB catalogues 4617 transcription factors (TFs) categorized into 57 families, along with their coding sequence (CDS), translated protein information. This database is user friendly and interactive with advanced search functionalities and multiple search options including SSR search, TF search, GO search etc. Users can directly access the desired information/data by either clicking on the interactive pie charts or through the menu given at the left side bar available on the homepage of database. It is aimed to facilitate researchers globally in understanding genetic traits related to therapeutic and culinary properties, while enhancing breeding strategies to improve crop productivity that may include marker-assisted selection, linkage mapping, genetic diversity studies, and population analyses in the species. Furthermore, it will open avenues for comparative genomics study within the Apiaceae family, facilitating the exploration and harnessing of the therapeutic potential of B. persicum.

茴香或黑孜然，持有显著的药用和烹饪重要性在Apiaceae家族。它的种子在波斯和印度菜系中具有增强风味和防腐的作用。传统医学用它来治疗消化系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、糖尿病、肥胖和催乳。尽管具有经济价值，但该植物的基因组资源却很少。为了解决这一问题，促进基因研究，我们推出了首个全面的仙桃基因组资源数据库“BpGDB”。BpGDB具有5939个EST-SSR标记，来自88309个非冗余转录本从头组装。此外，它结合了37,232个基因组SSR标记，这些标记来自我们实验室最近的从头基因组测序工作。它还包括使用NCBI-NR和基因本体（GO）数据库注释的仙桃转录本，包括细胞色素P450、蛋白激酶、热休克蛋白（HSPs）等关键基因家族和具有药用价值的生物活性化合物的生物合成酶。此外，BpGDB将4617个转录因子（TFs）分类为57个家族，以及它们的编码序列（CDS），翻译蛋白信息。该数据库用户友好，具有高级搜索功能和多种搜索选项，包括SSR搜索，TF搜索，GO搜索等。用户可以通过点击交互式饼状图或通过数据库主页左侧栏提供的菜单直接访问所需的信息/数据。其目的是促进全球研究人员了解与治疗和烹饪特性相关的遗传性状，同时加强育种策略以提高作物生产力，其中可能包括标记辅助选择、连锁作图、遗传多样性研究和物种种群分析。此外，这将为蜂科植物的比较基因组学研究开辟新的途径，促进对仙桃治疗潜力的探索和利用。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing germination and growth in Malania oleifera Chun & S. K. Lee seeds through gibberellic acid priming 赤霉素酸对油葵种子萌发和生长的促进作用

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100629

Xuelin Su , Xuying Wang , Nan Cui , Hailing Xu , Ting Tian , Bo Wei

Malania oleifera is an economically and medicinally important endangered forest tree endemic to the karst region of southwestern China, known for the high neurotic acid content of its seed oil. However, it faces challenges of low germination and survival rates due to its dormancy characteristics and high fatty acid content (prone to mildew). This study examines the impact of gibberellic acid (GA₃) on M. oleifera seed germination and the associated physiological and biochemical responses. The results showed that the freshly harvested seeds of M. oleifera remained high (78.33 %) viability but germination was low (50 %) after 5 months of storage. 600 mg/L GA₃ significantly increased the seed germination index, but had no effect on the mildew rate, while 400 mg/L GA₃ reduced the mildew rate. Soluble sugar content was inversely related to GA₃ concentration, while soluble protein levels varied, reaching a minimum at 600 mg/L. Antioxidant (SOD, CAT, POD) and starch-degrading enzyme (α-amylase and β-amylase) activities peaked at this GA₃ concentration. The soluble protein level under 600 mg/L GA₃ treatment was lowest at early stage (S1) and soluble sugar level was lowest at late stage (S2). Antioxidant enzyme and starch-degrading enzyme activities increased with germination, peaking at the final stage (S3). In summary, under the 600 mg/L GA₃ treatment, germination parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and starch - degrading enzymes in M. oleifera seeds were all maximized. Further observation of the four germination stages revealed significant changes in nutrients and enzyme activities, accelerating nutrient consumption and enhancing antioxidant defense.

油麻属（Malania oleifera）是中国西南喀斯特地区特有的一种具有重要经济和药用价值的濒危林木，以其籽油中神经酸含量高而闻名。然而，由于其休眠特性和高脂肪酸含量（容易发霉），它面临着发芽率和成活率低的挑战。本研究探讨了赤霉素酸（GA3）对油橄榄种子萌发及相关生理生化反应的影响。结果表明，新鲜采收的油松种子在贮藏5个月后仍保持较高的活力（78.33 %），但发芽率较低（50 %）。600 mg/L GA3显著提高了种子发芽指数，但对霉变率没有影响，400 mg/L GA3降低了霉变率。可溶性糖含量与GA3浓度呈负相关，可溶性蛋白含量变化较大，最低为600 mg/L。抗氧化活性（SOD、CAT、POD）和淀粉降解酶（α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶）活性在该GA3浓度下达到峰值。600 mg/L GA3处理下可溶性蛋白水平在早期（S1）最低，可溶性糖水平在后期（S2）最低。抗氧化酶和淀粉降解酶活性随着萌发而增加，在最后阶段达到峰值（S3）。综上所述，600 mg/L GA3处理下，油橄榄种子的萌发参数、抗氧化酶和淀粉降解酶均达到最大值。进一步观察四个萌发阶段，发现养分和酶活性发生了显著变化，加速了养分消耗，增强了抗氧化防御。

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引用次数: 0

Optimized flow cytometry protocol for assessing DNA content in Vanilla (Orchidaceae) species: Insights into crop wild relatives and a commercial hybrid 评估香草（兰科）物种DNA含量的优化流式细胞术方案：对作物野生近缘种和商业杂交品种的见解

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100612

Jorge Warner , Yesly Camacho-Solís , Víctor M. Jiménez , Alfonso García-Piñeres

Vanilla (Orchidaceae) is a highly valued spice used in a wide range of products. Although wild crop relatives of Vanilla planifolia, the primary cultivated species, may possess traits for crop improvement, they have received limited attention. This study presents an optimized and reproducible flow cytometry protocol adapted to Vanilla leaves, that effectively prevents nuclei clustering and raphide interference. Assessing nuclear C-DNA content and estimating DNA ploidy in succulent plant tissues pose significant challenges. The abundance of polysaccharides and raphides in Vanilla tissues often leads to inaccuracies in cytometric measurements and difficulties in instrument maintenance. To address this issue, we used a nuclei isolation buffer containing 2.0 % (v/v) detergent and utilized the clear upper phase of the filtrate after raphide sedimentation to obtain accurate nuclear DNA content values. We applied this protocol to estimate the C-DNA content of 12 Vanilla species native to Costa Rica and a widely cultivated commercial hybrid. The values ranged from 5.211 ± 0.008 pg in V. planifolia to 9.0 ± 1.3 pg in V. pompona, with no clear distinction between species of the subgenera Vanilla and Xanata. For the first time, we report the 2C-DNA content of V. costaricensis, V. dressleri, V. hartii, V. helleri, V. inodora, V. karen-christianae and the 'Vaitsy' hybrid. Our results confirm the occurrence of partial endoreplication in all samples analyzed. This study contributes to the understanding of less studied wild crop relatives of V. planifolia and provides an improved method for flow cytometric analysis that can be applied to tissues containing mucilaginous compounds and raphides of other plant species.

香草（兰科）是一种非常有价值的香料，广泛用于各种产品。作为主要栽培品种，香草的野生近缘作物虽然具有作物改良的性状，但受到的关注有限。本研究提出了一种优化的、可重复的适用于香草叶片的流式细胞术方案，该方案有效地防止了细胞核聚集和raphide干扰。在多肉植物组织中评估核C-DNA含量和估计DNA倍性是一个重大的挑战。香草组织中丰富的多糖和raphides常常导致细胞测定的不准确性和仪器维护的困难。为了解决这个问题，我们使用了含有2.0 % （v/v）洗涤剂的核分离缓冲液，并在快速沉淀后利用滤液的透明上相获得准确的核DNA含量值。我们应用该方案估计了12种哥斯达黎加本土香草和一种广泛种植的商业杂交香草的C-DNA含量。平叶橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐橐。首次报道了V. costaricensis、V. dressleri、V. hartii、V. helleri、V. inodora、V. karen-christianae及其杂交品种Vaitsy的2C-DNA含量。我们的结果证实了在所有分析的样本中都发生了部分内复制。该研究有助于了解尚不为人所知的平叶卷叶的野生近缘作物，并为流式细胞术分析提供了一种改进的方法，可用于其他植物中含有黏液化合物和rapides的组织。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Pinellia ternata using EST-SSR markers 利用EST-SSR标记分析半夏的遗传多样性和群体结构

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100611

Mingxing Wang , Rong Xu , Ming Luo , Xinyao Li , Lu Wei , Mi Lei , Dahui Liu , Yuhuan Miao

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. is a widely used Chinese Medicinal Material with economic and medicinal value. Few molecular studies have been conducted on P. ternata, resulting in a lack of applicable molecular markers. This present research analyzed the genetic diversity of 255 P. ternata germplasm resources from China, including 117 wild germplasm resources and 138 cultivated germplasm resources. Following the development of 17 pairs of highly polymorphic primers, 126 alleles were found; the average polymorphism was 99.21 %. The average number of observed alleles (Na), effective alleles (Ne) were 1.98 and 1.36, respectively. The mean of the Nei genetic diversity index (H), the Shannon's information index (I) and the polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.23, 0.36 and 0.6482, respectively. The population structure of P. ternata germplasm resources was categorized into two groups, designated as Group 1 and Group 2. The majority of wild germplasm resources was clustered in Group 1. Phylogenetic and population structure analyses produced similar results. A comparison of the genetic diversity parameters of wild and cultivated germplasm revealed that the genetic diversity was higher in the former, while the genetic differentiation level of the two types of germplasm was low. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) demonstrated that 9 % of the genetic variation was between populations and 91 % of the genetic variation was within populations. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) served to corroborate the findings of the cluster and population structure analysis. It was found that P. ternata with tubers having red epidermis was more separated from other germplasm resources. Association analysis based on the generalized linear model (GLM) detected four EST-SSR markers significantly associated with P. ternata tuber color. This study will be helpful for P. ternata germplasm resource conservation, identification and trait-specific breeding programs.

半夏（Pinellia ternata）布莱特。是一种广泛使用的中药材，具有经济和药用价值。目前国内外对紫檀的分子研究较少，缺乏适用的分子标记。本研究分析了255 P的遗传多样性。其中，野生种质资源117种，栽培种质资源138种。经过17对高多态性引物的开发，共发现126个等位基因；平均多态性为99.21 %。平均观察到的等位基因数（Na）和有效等位基因数（Ne）分别为1.98和1.36。Nei遗传多样性指数(H)、Shannon信息指数(I)和多态性信息含量（PIC）的平均值分别为0.23、0.36和0.6482。柽柳种质资源的种群结构可划分为2个类群，分别为类群1和类群2。大部分野生种质资源集中在类群1。系统发育和种群结构分析也得出了类似的结果。野生和栽培种质的遗传多样性参数比较表明，野生和栽培种质的遗传多样性较高，而两种种质的遗传分化水平较低。分子变异分析（AMOVA）表明，9 %的遗传变异发生在群体间，91 %的遗传变异发生在群体内。主坐标分析（PCoA）证实了聚类分析和种群结构分析的结果。结果表明，块茎表皮呈红色的藤属植物与其他种质资源的分离程度较高。基于广义线性模型（GLM）的关联分析检测到4个EST-SSR标记与块茎颜色显著相关。本研究将为柽柳种质资源的保护、鉴定和性状选育提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from the leaves of Campomanesia sessiliflora (O. Berg) Mattos: Standardizing the utilization of a new resource 山芋叶中生物活性物质的提取工艺优化：新资源的规范化利用

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2024.100615

Raquel Parra Loureiro , Thiago Luis Aguayo de Castro , Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso

The use of medicinal plants that produce a secondary metabolite continues to grow along with population growth. One of these species is Campomanesia sessiliflora (O. Berg) Mattos. The literature reports that C. sessiliflora is rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which possess high anti-aging activity and can be utilized in the cosmetic and food industries. Optimizing the extraction of bioactive compounds from this plant is crucial for its industrial application. Currently, Campomanesia sessiliflora leaves are discarded as pruning waste. The evaluation of secondary metabolites from C. sessiliflora leaves is essential to making their use feasible for obtaining antioxidant and photoprotective extracts. This study aims to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, chlorophyll α, chlorophyll β, and carotenoids, as well as evaluate the antioxidant potential, sun protection factor (SPF), and the ultraviolet region scans of the leaf extracts. Liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was used to identify chemical compounds. The extracts were evaluated using different plant-to-solvent ratios and varying ethanol concentrations in water. A correlation test was conducted between the spectrophotometric profile and the levels of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and the antioxidant potential of C. sessiliflora leaf extracts. Results showed a positive correlation between ethanol levels and the presence of chlorophyll α, chlorophyll β, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Additionally, a correlation was found between antioxidant potential, SPF, and phenolic compound content. Statistical analyses indicate that the ethanol concentration in water is more significantly relevant than the different plant-to-solvent proportions. Gallic acid, syringic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and rutin were identified in all samples. Absorption at the 260 nm wavelength can be used for extract quality control. Regarding the monitored parameters, the best extract was obtained using 2 % leaves in 25 % ethanol in water.

随着人口的增长，对产生次生代谢物的药用植物的使用也在继续增长。其中一种是Campomanesia sessiliflora (O. Berg) Mattos。文献报道无梗草含有丰富的酚类化合物和黄酮类化合物，具有较高的抗衰老活性，可用于化妆品和食品工业。优化从该植物中提取生物活性化合物的工艺对其工业应用至关重要。目前，无梗木芋叶作为修剪废弃物被丢弃。无梗草叶次生代谢物的评价是确定其抗氧化和光保护提取物的重要依据。本研究旨在优化黄酮类化合物、单宁、叶绿素α、叶绿素β和类胡萝卜素的提取工艺，并对叶提取物的抗氧化能力、防晒系数（SPF）和紫外区扫描进行评价。采用二极管阵列检测器的液相色谱法对化合物进行了鉴定。采用不同的植物与溶剂比和不同的乙醇浓度对提取物进行了评价。采用分光光度法对无梗草叶提取物中酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、单宁含量及抗氧化活性进行了相关性分析。结果表明，乙醇水平与叶绿素α、叶绿素β、类胡萝卜素和黄酮类化合物的含量呈正相关。此外，还发现抗氧化能力、SPF和酚类化合物含量之间存在相关性。统计分析表明，与不同的植物-溶剂比例相比，水中乙醇浓度的相关性更显著。在所有样品中均鉴定出没食子酸、丁香酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素和芦丁。260 nm吸收波长可用于提取液的质量控制。根据监测参数，以2 %的叶片和25 %的乙醇水溶液为最佳提取液。

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