Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献_第4页

St. John's wort root-associated beneficial bacteria with vermicompost augment specialized metabolites without penalizing biomass yield by improving photosynthesis and soil microbial properties 与蚯蚓堆肥的圣约翰草根相关的有益细菌通过改善光合作用和土壤微生物特性来增加专门的代谢物，而不影响生物量产量

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100670

Yog Raj , Nilofer Ali , Aparna Maitra Pati , Rakshak Kumar , Rakesh Kumar

Reintroducing beneficial rhizosphere microbes associated with wild medicinal plants back into the rhizosphere during cultivation is expected to increase the efficacy of herbal medicine. However, the effectiveness of this approach for St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) has not been explored, nor has it been evaluated alongside other plant biostimulants, such as seaweed extract and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria, that may also impact plant growth and specialized metabolites. To fill these knowledge gaps, in present study a two-year factorial randomized block design experiment was conducted using vermicompost amendment and plant biostimulants, derived from microbial origin (consortia of host plant-associated and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria) and macroalgae-based (seaweed extract). Dry biomass yield of main medicinal material (Hyperici herba) significantly (P = 0.05) influenced by the interaction effect; while contents of specialized metabolites by individual treatments. Seaweed extract significantly maximized the contents of specialized metabolites, particularly pseudohypericin and hypericin; however, it substantially reduced the biomass yield. In both year, biomass yield was not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced by the individual treatment of non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria; however, in combination with vermicompost amendment at 5 Mg ha⁻¹ the biomass yield numerically increased compared to the seaweed extract treatment. Nevertheless, specialized metabolites were minimally increased by non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria. Unlike seaweed extract and non-host-specific plant-beneficial rhizobacteria, host plant-associated rhizobacteria simultaneously enhanced specialized metabolites, especially hyperforin, and the biomass yield either alone or in combination. Across both years, the maximum biomass yield was achieved under the combined application of host plant-associated plant-beneficial rhizobacteria and vermicompost amendment at 5 Mg ha⁻¹. This treatment also improved net photosynthetic rate, internal water use efficiency, soil microbial biomass carbon, and respiration compared to control and rest of the treatments. Thus, the integrating host plant-associated plant-beneficial rhizobacteria with vermicompost amendment offers a sustainable approach to increase the efficacy of St. John’s wort herbal medicine without compromising the biomass yield.

在种植过程中，将与野生药用植物相关的有益根际微生物重新引入根际，有望提高草药的功效。然而，这种方法对圣约翰草（贯叶连翘L.）的有效性尚未被探索，也没有与其他植物生物刺激剂（如海藻提取物和非宿主特异性植物有益根瘤菌）一起评估，这些植物生物刺激剂也可能影响植物生长和特殊代谢物。为了填补这些知识空白，本研究进行了一项为期两年的因子随机区组设计实验，使用蠕虫堆肥添加剂和植物生物刺激剂，这些刺激剂来自微生物来源（宿主植物相关和非宿主特异性植物有益的根瘤菌群）和大型藻类（海藻提取物）。主要药材金丝桃干生物量受互作效应影响显著（P = 0.05）；而特定代谢物的含量由个别处理。海藻提取物显著提高了特定代谢物的含量，尤其是假金丝桃素和金丝桃素；然而，它大大降低了生物质产量。在这两个年份，非寄主特异性植物有益根瘤菌单独处理对生物量产量的影响不显著（P >； 0.05）；然而，与5 Mg ha（⁻¹ ）的蚯蚓堆肥处理相结合，与海藻提取物处理相比，生物量产量在数字上有所增加。然而，非宿主特异性植物有益根瘤菌的特化代谢物增加很少。与海藻提取物和非宿主特有的植物有益根瘤菌不同，宿主植物相关根瘤菌可以单独或联合提高特定代谢物，特别是hyperperforin和生物量产量。在这两年中，在寄主植物相关的植物有益根瘤菌和蚯蚓堆肥添加剂的联合应用下，获得了最大的生物量产量（5 Mg ha⁻¹）。与对照和其他处理相比，该处理也提高了净光合速率、内部水分利用效率、土壤微生物生物量碳和呼吸。因此，整合宿主植物相关的植物有益根瘤菌与蚯蚓堆肥修正提供了一种可持续的方法来提高圣约翰草草药的功效，而不影响生物量产量。

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引用次数: 0

Colchicine induces polyploidization in sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) 秋水仙碱诱导甜马郁兰多倍体化

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100669

Emmanuel Nkosinathi Kunene , Jian-Zhi Huang , Jong-Yi Fang

Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) is an aromatic plant widely used in traditional medicine, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, unfavorable climatic conditions resulting from global warming negatively affect its productivity. This challenge may be addressed by developing more tolerant cultivars. To support this, the present study evaluated the efficacy of colchicine for inducing polyploidy in sweet marjoram, with the aim of facilitating cultivar improvement. Seeds were treated with colchicine at concentrations of 0.000 %, 0.025 %, 0.050 %, 0.100 %, 0.200 %, 0.400 %, and 0.800 % for 24 h. Treated seeds were germinated in vitro, and surviving seedlings were established under greenhouse conditions. The ploidy status of all greenhouse plants was initially screened by stomatal assay and subsequently confirmed by flow cytometry. Results showed that seed germination percentages (30 %-46 %) did not differ significantly among treatments; however, seedling survival declined as colchicine concentration increased, with no seedlings surviving at 0.400 % and 0.800 %. Seventeen putative polyploids were identified, of which fourteen were confirmed as true polyploids and three as mixoploids. The fourteen true polyploids included two triploids, ten tetraploids, and two pentaploids. The efficiencies of polyploid induction were 11.1 % at 0.025 %, 40 % at 0.050 %, 75 % at 0.100 %, and 80 % at 0.200 % colchicine. Compared with diploids, polyploid plants exhibited wider leaves, larger stomata, and reduced stomatal density. The true polyploid plants represent valuable genetic resources for breeding new sweet marjoram cultivars.

甜马郁兰（Origanum majorana L.）是一种芳香植物，广泛应用于传统医药、食品、化妆品和制药行业。然而，全球变暖导致的不利气候条件对其生产力产生了负面影响。这一挑战可以通过开发更具耐受性的品种来解决。为了支持这一点，本研究评估了秋水仙碱诱导甜马郁兰多倍体的效果，目的是促进品种改良。秋水仙碱浓度分别为0.000 %、0.025 %、0.050 %、0.100 %、0.200 %、0.400 %和0.800 %，处理种子24 h。处理后的种子在离体萌发，并在温室条件下建立成活苗。所有温室植物的倍性状况首先通过气孔试验筛选，然后通过流式细胞术证实。结果表明：不同处理间种子发芽率（30 % ~ 46 %）差异不显著；但随着秋水仙碱浓度的增加，幼苗成活率下降，在0.400 %和0.800 %浓度下，无幼苗成活率。鉴定出17个推测多倍体，其中14个为真多倍体，3个为混合型多倍体。14个真正的多倍体包括2个三倍体，10个四倍体和2个五倍体。在0.025 %、0.050 %、0.100 %和0.200 %秋水仙碱诱导多倍体的效率分别为11.1 %、40 %、75 %和80 %。多倍体植株叶片较二倍体宽，气孔较大，气孔密度较二倍体低。真多倍体植物是培育甜马郁兰新品种的宝贵遗传资源。

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引用次数: 0

Green extraction of bioactive compounds from orange peel waste using NADES and microwave-assisted technique: A CatBoost-GMDH ensemble optimized by mantis search algorithm 利用NADES和微波辅助技术绿色提取桔皮废弃物中的生物活性化合物：一个由螳螂搜索算法优化的CatBoost-GMDH集合

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100668

Mostafa Khajeh , Mansour Ghaffari-Moghaddam , Jamshid Piri , Afsaneh Barkhordar , Didem Saloglu

The increasing need for sustainable and efficient extraction methods has led to interest in green technologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds from agricultural waste. Orange peel, a rich of polyphenols and flavonoids, offers significant potential for sustainable application. This research formulated a novel multi-task optimization approach combining the Mantis Search Algorithm (MSA) with hybrid machine learning models to extract bioactive compounds from orange peel waste using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The holistic strategy employed a multi-task optimization approach that concurrently optimized four key components: feature selection, model hyperparameters, ensemble weights, and process parameters. The process parameters investigated included microwave power (302–495 W), extraction temperature (31–59 °C), extraction time (5.2–30 min), and mass-to-solvent ratio (41–80 mg/mL). Three machine learning models were developed and systematically compared: CatBoost, Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH), and their weighted ensemble fusion. The ensemble MSA-hybrid model exhibited the best predictive performance with R² of 0.656, 0.981, and 0.990 for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. Temperature was found to be the most significant process parameter for all response variables, followed by extraction time and mass-to-solvent ratio. The multi-task optimization approach successfully developed robust predictive models capable of guiding extraction parameter selection for improved bioactive compound yields. Extensive validation using thorough residual analysis, stability testing, and confidence interval analysis reaffirmed model reliability and generalizability. This novel study was successful in offering valuable industry-ready solutions for sustainable bioactive compound extraction while supporting agricultural waste valorization and circular economy concepts.

对可持续和高效的提取方法的需求日益增加，导致人们对从农业废物中提取生物活性化合物的绿色技术产生了兴趣。橘皮富含多酚类和类黄酮，具有重要的可持续应用潜力。本研究提出了一种新的多任务优化方法，将螳螂搜索算法（MSA）与混合机器学习模型相结合，利用天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）和微波辅助萃取（MAE）从橙皮废弃物中提取生物活性化合物。整体策略采用多任务优化方法，同时优化四个关键组件：特征选择、模型超参数、集成权重和过程参数。研究的工艺参数包括微波功率（302 ~ 495 W）、提取温度（31 ~ 59℃）、提取时间（5.2 ~ 30 min）、料液比（41 ~ 80 mg/mL）。开发并系统地比较了三种机器学习模型：CatBoost、数据处理组方法（GMDH）及其加权集成融合。综合msa -杂交模型预测总酚含量、总黄酮含量和DPPH自由基清除能力的R²分别为0.656、0.981和0.990，预测效果最好。温度是影响反应的最重要的工艺参数，其次是萃取时间和质液比。多任务优化方法成功地建立了稳健的预测模型，能够指导提取参数的选择，以提高生物活性化合物的产量。广泛的验证使用彻底的残差分析，稳定性测试和置信区间分析重申了模型的可靠性和概括性。这项新研究成功地为可持续的生物活性化合物提取提供了有价值的工业解决方案，同时支持了农业废物的价值化和循环经济概念。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal changes in chemical content of edible flowers of common daisy (Bellis perennis L.) 普通雏菊食用花化学成分的季节变化

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100667

Lucia Nedorost Ragasová, Jarmila Neugebauerová, Tomáš Kopta, Robert Pokluda

In the context of increasing popularity of alternative sources of food such as edible flowers the chemical composition of edible flowers of Bellis perennis L. was evaluated in this study. Common daisy, widely spread across the world, contains many bioactive compounds including ones with strong antioxidant activity, such as L-ascorbic acid or polyphenols. B. perennis flowers were sampled monthly during 2016–2023 have been analysed for chemical composition. Ascorbic acid content (AA) was monitored for eight years, and the rest of chemical assays including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined for 3 years. Out of 8-year monitoring of L-ascorbic acid content, significantly highest content was detected in February and March (768.5 ± 36 mg/kg FW in March 2017; 673.6 ± 18.9 mg/kg FW in Feb. 2017; 429.6 ± 1.6 mg/kg FW in Feb. 2022; 414.4 ± 11.2 mg/kg FW in Feb. 2019 and 412.2 ± 2.4 mg/kg FW in March 2018). The small mostly irregular fluctuations in TFC, TPC and TAC were determined, however for phenolic and flavonoid content the gradual increase from February till June was observed. Total antioxidant capacity in B. perennis ranged from 1.7 to 3.6 g TE/100 g DW. Despite these monthly fluctuations in bioactive compound content, the widespread availability of a common daisy throughout the year makes it a promising and accessible source of health-beneficial nutrients.

在食用花等替代食物来源日益普及的背景下，本研究对多年生Bellis perennis L.食用花的化学成分进行了评价。雏菊是一种广泛分布在世界各地的植物，它含有许多生物活性化合物，其中包括l -抗坏血酸或多酚类物质，具有很强的抗氧化活性。对2016-2023年期间每月取样的多年生花进行了化学成分分析。测定抗坏血酸含量（AA）为8年，测定总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）为3年。8年监测L-ascorbic酸含量,显著最高内容被发现在2月和3月(768.5 ± 36 毫克/公斤弗兰克-威廉姆斯在2017年3月, 673.6±18.9  毫克/公斤弗兰克-威廉姆斯在2017年2月, 429.6±1.6  毫克/公斤弗兰克-威廉姆斯在2022年2月, 414.4±11.2  毫克/公斤弗兰克-威廉姆斯在2019年2月和412.2 ±2.4  毫克/公斤弗兰克-威廉姆斯在2018年3月)。TFC、TPC和TAC的波动较小，且多为不规则波动，但酚类和类黄酮含量在2 - 6月呈逐渐上升趋势。多年生白杨的总抗氧化能力为1.7 ~ 3.6 g TE/100 g DW。尽管生物活性化合物含量每月都有波动，但普通雏菊一年四季的广泛供应使其成为有益健康的营养物质的有希望和可获得的来源。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of phenotypic diversity in pods and seeds traits of natural populations of Gleditsia sinensis in Guizhou Province, China 贵州皂荚自然居群荚果和种子性状表型多样性分析

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100666

Jun Luo , Xiaoyong Dai , Bing Yang , Jin Chen , Shuang He

In order to reveal the phenotypic variation degree and variation pattern of the natural population of Gleditsia sinensis in Guizhou Province, and lay a theoretical foundation for the genetic improvement, germplasm identification and variety breeding of G. sinensis. This study measured 12 phenotypic traits of seeds and pods in 180 individual trees from 17 natural G. sinensis populations in Guizhou Province and detected rich phenotypic diversity. The results suggest that the phenotypic variation of G. sinensis seeds and pods in Guizhou is extremely rich, with intrapopulation variation being the primary source of variation. The average phenotypic differentiation coefficient is 23.87 %, and the average coefficient of variation is 11.59 %. The variation in phenotypic traits of G. sinensis seeds and pods is geographically discontinuous. Generally, pods show north-south variation along the same longitude, while seeds exhibit east-west variation along the same latitude. Inter-population variability in pods (14.67 %) is higher than in seeds (8.96 %), suggesting greater variability in pod traits and higher stability in seed traits. This multi-level variation provides a scientific basis for the innovative utilization of high-quality genetic resources of G. sinensis. Principal component analysis shows that the first three principal components (size of pods, size and weight of seeds, weight of pods) account for 81.9 % of the cumulative contribution, essentially reflecting most of the information on phenotypic traits of G. sinensis. A comprehensive evaluation of the natural populations of G. sinensis based on 12 pods and seeds traits finds that the CeHeng (CH) population has the best overall performance, followed by WangMo (WM), DeJiang (DJ), and Weng'an (WA) populations. Suitable breeding materials can be selected from these four populations based on breeding objectives. This research findings lay a crucial foundation for advancing the genetic improvement of G. sinensis and provide a scientific underpinning for the development of breeding strategies and management practices.

为了揭示贵州皂荚自然居群的表型变异程度和变异格局，为皂荚的遗传改良、种质鉴定和品种选育奠定理论基础。本研究对贵州省17个天然白杨居群180株的种子和荚果的12个表型性状进行了测定，发现了丰富的表型多样性。结果表明，贵州赤杨种子和荚果表型变异极为丰富，居群内变异是主要变异源。平均表型分化系数为23.87 %，平均变异系数为11.59 %。青松种子和荚果表型性状的变异在地理上是不连续的。豆荚沿同一经度呈南北变异，种子沿同一经度呈东西变异。荚果居群间变异率（14.67 %）高于种子居群间变异率（8.96 %），说明荚果性状的变异较大，种子性状的稳定性较高。这种多层次的变异为创新利用中华香椿优质遗传资源提供了科学依据。主成分分析结果表明，前3个主成分（荚果大小、种子大小和重量、荚果重量）占累积贡献率的81.9 %，基本反映了白羊草表型性状的大部分信息。以12个荚果和种子性状为指标，综合评价黄杨自然居群的综合表现，发现CeHeng （CH）居群的综合表现最好，其次是WangMo （WM）、DeJiang （DJ）和瓮安（WA）居群。根据育种目标，从这四个群体中选择合适的育种材料。本研究结果为推进中华赤杨遗传改良奠定了重要基础，并为中华赤杨育种策略和管理实践的制定提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Recent progress in DNA-based approaches for authenticating herbal materials and botanical dietary supplements 基于dna的草药原料和植物性膳食补充剂鉴定方法的最新进展

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100663

Rong Chen , Wenjun Song , Hongling Chen , Tongyi Peng , Huilin Li , Sheng Ding

Background

Herbal materials and botanical supplements are widely consumed for health benefits, yet concerns persist due to prevalent adulteration, highlighting the need for reliable authentication methods.

Scope and approach

This review examines DNA identification techniques for quality control of both botanical dietary supplements and their constituent raw materials. The methods relevant to this field are split into two categories: mainstream analytical and emerging detection techniques. The focus is on their applicability for detecting raw and multi-ingredient processed products, quantification potential, and on-site testing suitability.

Key findings and conclusions

DNA identification methods, such as PCR variants like TaqMan and high-resolution melting (HRM), as well as DNA barcoding, have been effectively applied by enterprises and regulatory bodies for authenticating herbal materials, addressing many quality control challenges. Emerging technologies, including LAMP, RPA and digital PCR, combined with tools like microfluidics, lateral flow assays, and CRISPR/Cas systems, hold great potential for rapid, on-site testing. However, practical challenges such as cost, accessibility, and stability remain significant barriers, requiring further research to enable their widespread application in real-world scenarios.

草药材料和植物补充剂因其健康益处而被广泛消费，但由于普遍存在掺假问题，人们仍然存在担忧，这凸显了对可靠认证方法的需求。本文综述了用于植物性膳食补充剂及其成分原料质量控制的DNA鉴定技术。与该领域相关的方法分为两类：主流分析技术和新兴检测技术。重点是它们对检测原料和多成分加工产品的适用性，量化潜力和现场测试适用性。DNA鉴定方法，如PCR变体如TaqMan和高分辨率熔化（HRM），以及DNA条形码，已被企业和监管机构有效地应用于药材的鉴定，解决了许多质量控制挑战。新兴技术，包括LAMP， RPA和数字PCR，结合微流体，侧流分析和CRISPR/Cas系统等工具，具有快速，现场测试的巨大潜力。然而，诸如成本、可及性和稳定性等实际挑战仍然是重大障碍，需要进一步研究才能使其在现实场景中得到广泛应用。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) adulteration using 1H NMR spectroscopy 藏红花（Crocus sativus L.）掺假的1H NMR检测

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100665

Shivashish Gulabrao Sonone, Dattatraya Dinkar Gore, Inder Pal Singh

Crocus sativus L. (saffron) is the most valuable spice worldwide, yet its limited production and high market value make it highly susceptible to adulteration with plant substitutes and synthetic dyes. In this study, ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied as a rapid, non-destructive technique for saffron authentication and detection of eight plant adulterants and one synthetic dye in a single experiment. Methanolic and hexane extracts were prepared to capture a broad polarity range of metabolites from authentic saffron, known adulterants, and commercial brands. Spectral comparison targeted key saffron markers, including picrocrocin, crocin, and crocetin. Most brand samples closely matched the authentic reference, with minor variations that can attributed to seasonal and geographical factors, whereas the ZK sample lacked diagnostic saffron peaks and instead displayed resonances consistent with Sudan IV and Arnica montana, confirming adulteration. Quantitative NMR (qNMR) was further employed for picrocrocin determination, and the method was validated in terms of selectivity, specificity, linearity (R² > 0.998), precision (intra- and inter-day RSD < 5.5 %), robustness (consistent results across varied scan numbers and relaxation delays). The method demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.443 µg/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.342 µg/mL for picrocrocin, indicating high sensitivity and suitability for reliable quantification. Overall, these findings establish ¹H NMR spectroscopy as a robust qualitative analytical platform for both authentication and detection of adulteration of saffron. Its integration into routine quality control and regulatory frameworks could strengthen consumer protection and ensure the integrity of high-value herbal and food products.

藏红花（Crocus sativus L.）是世界上最有价值的香料，但其有限的产量和高市场价值使其极易受到植物替代品和合成染料掺假的影响。本研究采用1H核磁共振（NMR）技术对藏红花进行快速、无损的鉴定，并在一次实验中对8种植物掺假物和1种合成染料进行检测。甲醇和己烷提取物制备捕获广泛极性范围的代谢物从正宗藏红花，已知的掺假，和商业品牌。光谱比较针对关键的藏红花标记物，包括微藏红花素、藏红花素和藏红花素。大多数品牌样品与真实参考密切匹配，具有可归因于季节和地理因素的微小变化，而ZK样品缺乏诊断性藏红花峰，而是显示与苏丹IV和蒙大拿州山金车一致的共振，确认掺假。定量核磁共振（qNMR）进一步用于微芥子素的测定，并在选择性、特异性、线性（R²> 0.998）、精密度（日内和日间RSD <； 5.5 %）、鲁棒性（不同扫描次数和弛豫延迟的结果一致）方面对该方法进行了验证。方法检测限（LOD）为0.443 µg/mL，定量限（LOQ）为1.342 µg/mL，灵敏度高，定量可靠。总的来说，这些发现建立了1H核磁共振光谱作为鉴别和检测藏红花掺假的一个强大的定性分析平台。将其纳入常规质量控制和监管框架可以加强对消费者的保护，并确保高价值草药和食品的完整性。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasound extraction, quantification, and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Aquilaria sinensis leaves 沉香叶总黄酮的超声提取、定量及抗氧化活性研究

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100664

Junhao Deng , Ning Tang , Li Xu , Feiyue Chen , Xiang Zhou , Weizhuo Tang , Xiongzhuo Tang

In this work, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was performed to obtain the total flavonoids (TF) from Aquilaria sinensis (A. sinensis) leaves, followed by optimization of the extraction factors by using a single-factor experiments combined with Box–Behnken response surface methodology to enhance the TF yield. Subsequently, the composition of the two representative flavonoids, mangiferin and genkwanin, were quantitatively determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, the antioxidant activity of the TF was evaluated using an H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress model in intestinal porcine epithelial cells-jejunum (IPEC-J2) cells. The results demonstrated that under the optimized UAE conditions (70 % of ethanol concentration, liquid-to-material ratio at 40:1, 45 min of ultrasonic time, and 400 w of ultrasonic extraction power), the extraction rate of the TF reached 5.73 %, which was significantly higher than that achieved by conventional extraction. The HPLC analysis of mangiferin and genkwanin revealed well linearity and stability, with their content level to be 16.9 and 0.204 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, the TF extract significantly alleviated H₂O₂-induced cell death in IPEC-J2 cells by inhibiting the NF-kB/NLRP3/IL-18 signaling pathway. This study provides valuable information for the development and utilization of TF from A. sinensis leaves as a functional ingredient in feed and nutritional health products.

本研究采用超声辅助提取法（UAE）从中国沉香叶中提取总黄酮，并结合Box-Behnken响应面法对提取因子进行优化，以提高总黄酮的提取率。随后，采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法定量测定了两种具有代表性的黄酮类化合物芒果苷（mangiferin）和根管苷（genkwanin）的成分。最后，采用h2o2诱导的猪肠上皮细胞-空肠（IPEC-J2）细胞氧化应激模型，对TF的抗氧化活性进行了评价。结果表明，在乙醇浓度为70 %、料液比为40:1、超声时间为45 min、超声提取功率为400 w的优化条件下，TF的提取率可达5.73 %，显著高于常规提取。HPLC分析表明，芒果苷和根宽万素的含量水平分别为16.9和0.204 mg/g，线性和稳定性良好。此外，TF提取物通过抑制NF-kB/NLRP3/IL-18信号通路，显著减轻h2o2诱导的IPEC-J2细胞死亡。本研究为冬虫夏草叶提取物作为饲料和营养保健品的功能成分的开发利用提供了有价值的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of natural deep eutectic solvent extraction process and activity study of total flavonoids from Dalbergia benthami prain 黄檀天然深共熔溶剂提取工艺优化及总黄酮活性研究

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100662

Bingyou Luo, Haiyu Yang, Jianwei Luo, Kunying Yu, Peiyuan Li, Jianhua Wei, Haiyi Zhong

This study employed natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Dalbergia benthami Prain. Through single-factor experiments and response surface optimization, the optimal extraction conditions were determined as: Optimal NADES-11, composed of betaine and urea (molar ratio 1:2, 42 % moisture content), solid-liquid ratio 1:30 g/mL, extraction temperature 64°C, and an ultrasound duration of 41 min. Under these conditions, the total flavonoid yield reached 202.04 mg/g. Infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful preparation of NADES, and scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that NADES exhibited enhanced penetration and erosion capabilities, which facilitated the extraction of total flavonoids. Further studies found that the total flavonoids from Dalbergia benthami Prain had significant in vitro antioxidant activity, with the highest DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging rates reaching 92.02 % and 94.79 %, respectively. In addition, the total flavonoids in NADES-11 showed a highly significant synergistic antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This study demonstrates that NADES-11 exhibits a higher extraction efficiency for the total flavonoids from Dalbergia benthami Prain than traditional organic solvents. It also boasts advantages like environmental friendliness. This research provides novel ideas and methods for the exploitation and utilization of Dalbergia benthami Prain, a precious and rare traditional Chinese medicine resource, and paves the way for its further comprehensive development and application.

本研究采用天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）结合超声辅助提取法对黄檀总黄酮的提取工艺进行优化。通过单因素实验和响应面优化，确定最佳提取条件为：最佳提取条件为：甜菜碱与尿素（摩尔比1:2，水分含量42 %），料液比1:30 g/mL，提取温度64℃，超声时间41 min。在此条件下，总黄酮得率可达202.04 mg/g。红外光谱分析证实了NADES的成功制备，扫描电镜观察显示NADES具有增强的渗透和侵蚀能力，有利于总黄酮的提取。进一步研究发现，黄檀总黄酮具有显著的体外抗氧化活性，对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除率最高，分别达到92.02 %和94.79 %。此外，NADES-11总黄酮对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的协同抑菌作用也非常显著。研究表明，与传统有机溶剂相比，NADES-11对黄檀中总黄酮的提取效率更高。它还具有环境友好等优点。本研究为黄檀这一珍贵、稀有的中药资源的开发利用提供了新的思路和方法，为其进一步的综合开发利用奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Elucidation of genetic diversity and population structure in medicinal plant Viola canescens from North Western Himalayas 西北喜马拉雅药用植物堇菜遗传多样性和种群结构的研究

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2025.100657

Rakesh Kumar , Vikas Sharma

Viola canescens is an important medicinal herb that belongs to family Violaceae. In the current study cross-transferred simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to examine the genetic diversity of 96 accessions of V. canescens. These accessions represented various locations of Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, and Himachal Pradesh. Overall 99 alleles with an average of 5.82 alleles were observed using 17 SSR primers. Four primers, namely, SLM6–3, SLM6–4, SLM6–7, and SLM6–10 detected the maximum number (8) of alleles, while the lowest numbers (3) of alleles were observed by three primers, WMC149–6D, TGSSR-7, and BUMS-30. PIC values ranged from 0.466 to 0.810 with a mean value 0.672. The maximum observed heterozygosity (0.906) was recorded in primer BUMS-34, while lowermost (0.396) was obtained by primer GPW4372–6D, with a mean value 0.702. Whereas, the maximum (0.834) expected heterozygosity was recorded in primer SLM6–7 and lowest (0.499) in primer GPW4372–6D, with a mean value of 0.718. Similarly, primers SLM6–7 (6.48) and BUMS-30 (1.791) have shown the greatest and lowest marker index values, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed 26 % variance among the population and 74 % within the populations. Dendrogram divided all accessions into three groups. PCoA analyses also showed three groups in correspondence to dendrogram. Three clusters were obtained from the STRUCTURE analysis using Bayesian clustering. Overall, these preliminary results obtained using cross-transferred SSR markers indicates higher level of genetic diversity in V. canescens accessions. The insights gained from this study provide a valuable foundation for breeding programs by utilizing diverse accessions of V. canescens. Furthermore, the detected diverse accessions can be targeted for conservation strategies to support the sustainable cultivation and genetic improvement of this important medicinal plant.

堇菜（Viola canescens）是堇菜科的重要药用植物。本研究利用SSR （cross-transfer simple sequence repeat，交叉转移简单序列重复）标记对96份甘蔗（V. canescens）的遗传多样性进行了分析。这些加入代表了查谟和克什米尔，北阿坎德邦和喜马偕尔邦的不同地点。17个SSR引物共检测到99个等位基因，平均5.82个。引物SLM6-3、SLM6-4、SLM6-7和SLM6-10检测到的等位基因数量最多（8个），引物WMC149-6D、TGSSR-7和BUMS-30检测到的等位基因数量最少（3个）。PIC值为0.466 ~ 0.810，平均值为0.672。引物BUMS-34的杂合度最高，为0.906，引物GPW4372-6D的杂合度最低，为0.396，平均值为0.702。引物SLM6-7的期望杂合度最高（0.834），引物GPW4372-6D的期望杂合度最低（0.499），平均值为0.718。同样，引物SLM6-7（6.48）和bams -30（1.791）分别显示出最大和最低的标记指数值。分子变异分析（AMOVA）显示群体间变异26% %，群体内变异74% %。树突图将所有材料分为三组。PCoA分析也显示了三个与树状图对应的组。利用贝叶斯聚类对结构进行分析，得到三个聚类。总体而言，利用交叉转移SSR标记获得的这些初步结果表明，甘蔗种质资源具有较高的遗传多样性水平。本研究结果为利用不同品种的甘蔗选育提供了有价值的基础。此外，检测到的不同种质可以作为保护策略的目标，以支持这种重要药用植物的可持续栽培和遗传改良。

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引用次数: 0