This study had four aims: (1) to group traditional mesophilous indicator species of Illyrian forests based on their distribution patterns; (2) to gain insight into the biogeographic attributes of each group by hotspot analyses; (3) to clarify the level of importance that certain species have in the floristic differentiation of Illyrian from non-Illyrian forests; (4) to explore the possible distribution of Illyrian mesophilous forests.
Location
Europe, Asia and Africa.
Taxa
Illyrian forest understory plant species.
Methods
A dataset of 40 understory plant species traditionally associated with Illyrian forests was compiled from the literature. The distribution of these species was digitised in the form of polygons, following numerous sources. A 25 × 25 km grid cell system was established to convert the polygon distribution data into a matrix. This matrix was used for hierarchical clustering in order to classify species based on distribution into groups. Hotspot analysis was performed for groups using Getis-Ord Gi* analysis. The dataset was further divided into clusters to reveal less pronounced distribution patterns.
Results
The classification resulted in three major groups of species: (1) a Steno-Illyrian group, with a restricted hotspot area mostly distributed in Slovenia and Croatia; (2) a Sub-Illyrian group, with a larger distribution area but with a significant part of the distribution located in the Dinarides; and (3) a Pseudo-Illyrian group, which has a widespread distribution across Europe, North Africa and parts of Asia. Hotspot analysis identified the Dinarides as the main area of Illyrian understory plant diversity, with extensions into the Southern Alps and some Pannonian mountains and hills.
Main Conclusions
The area of the Dinarides and Southern Alps is characterised by the presence of Steno-Illyrian species and a high-frequency overlap with Sub-Illyrian species. Pseudo-Illyrian species lack biogeographic specificity and therefore cannot be used to identify Illyrian forests.
{"title":"Defining Illyrian Forests: The Role of Biogeographical Patterns and Species Co-Occurrence","authors":"Dragan Koljanin, Vladimir Stupar, Andraž Čarni","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study had four aims: (1) to group traditional mesophilous indicator species of Illyrian forests based on their distribution patterns; (2) to gain insight into the biogeographic attributes of each group by hotspot analyses; (3) to clarify the level of importance that certain species have in the floristic differentiation of Illyrian from non-Illyrian forests; (4) to explore the possible distribution of Illyrian mesophilous forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Europe, Asia and Africa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Illyrian forest understory plant species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dataset of 40 understory plant species traditionally associated with Illyrian forests was compiled from the literature. The distribution of these species was digitised in the form of polygons, following numerous sources. A 25 × 25 km grid cell system was established to convert the polygon distribution data into a matrix. This matrix was used for hierarchical clustering in order to classify species based on distribution into groups. Hotspot analysis was performed for groups using Getis-Ord Gi* analysis. The dataset was further divided into clusters to reveal less pronounced distribution patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The classification resulted in three major groups of species: (1) a Steno-Illyrian group, with a restricted hotspot area mostly distributed in Slovenia and Croatia; (2) a Sub-Illyrian group, with a larger distribution area but with a significant part of the distribution located in the Dinarides; and (3) a Pseudo-Illyrian group, which has a widespread distribution across Europe, North Africa and parts of Asia. Hotspot analysis identified the Dinarides as the main area of Illyrian understory plant diversity, with extensions into the Southern Alps and some Pannonian mountains and hills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The area of the Dinarides and Southern Alps is characterised by the presence of Steno-Illyrian species and a high-frequency overlap with Sub-Illyrian species. Pseudo-Illyrian species lack biogeographic specificity and therefore cannot be used to identify Illyrian forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blanca R. Prado-Cuéllar, Salima Machkour-M'Rabet, Marysol Trujano-Ortega, Luis A. Lara-Pérez, Carmen Pozo
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Understanding the evolutionary processes shaping species distributions requires an integrative approach encompassing phylogeographic and biogeographic perspectives. <i>Hamadryas</i> butterflies represent a good model for such research, due to their widely studied ecological and evolutionary characteristics and the availability of detailed data on their distribution and taxonomy. This study investigates the drivers of diversification in <i>Hamadryas julitta</i>, <i>H. glauconome glauconome</i>, and <i>H. glauconome grisea</i>, assessing the roles of geographic barriers and Pleistocene climatic fluctuations across Mesoamerica.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Mesoamerica.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxon</h3> <p><i>Hamadryas glauconome glauconome</i>, <i>Hamadryas glauconome grisea</i>, and <i>Hamadryas julitta</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>An analysis was conducted on mitochondrial DNA (COI) from populations across Mexico and Central America. Evolutionary patterns were reconstructed using haplotype networks, phylogenies, and divergence time estimates. The assessment of demographic changes was conducted through the utilization of Fu's <i>Fs</i>, Tajima's <i>D</i>, and mismatch distributions, alongside biogeographic interpretations of geological and climatic events.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Our analyses revealed three genetically distinct lineages with no shared haplotypes, supporting their status as separate evolutionary units. Divergence between <i>H. julitta</i> and <i>H. glauconome</i> dates to approximately 3.1 Ma, associated with the uplift of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas and Maya Mountains, isolating <i>H. julitta</i> within the Yucatán Peninsula. The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt appears to have shaped the distribution of <i>H. g. glauconome</i>. Demographic patterns suggest a post-glacial expansion in <i>H. g. glauconome</i>, while <i>H. g. grisea</i> shows high haplotype diversity without evidence of recent expansion, indicating long-term isolation. Divergence between <i>H. g. glauconome</i> and <i>H. g. grisea</i> around 1.7 Ma coincides with Pleistocene climatic shifts, and historical marine transgressions may have reinforced isolation in <i>H. julitta</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>This study highlights the crucial role of geographic barriers, marine transgressions, and Pleistocene climatic changes in shaping butterfly diversification in Mesoamer
目的了解形成物种分布的进化过程需要一种包含系统地理学和生物地理学观点的综合方法。由于其生态和进化特征被广泛研究，以及其分布和分类的详细数据的可用性，Hamadryas蝴蝶代表了这类研究的一个很好的模型。本研究探讨了中美洲地区Hamadryas julitta、H. glauconome glauconome和H. glauconome grisea的多样性驱动因素，并评估了地理障碍和更新世气候波动的作用。位置 中美洲。青花青花、灰青花青花和紫青花青花分类群。方法对墨西哥和中美洲地区人群的线粒体DNA （COI）进行分析。利用单倍型网络、系统发育和分化时间估算重建了进化模式。人口变化的评估是通过利用Fu’s f、Tajima’s D和错配分布，以及地质和气候事件的生物地理学解释来进行的。结果我们的分析揭示了三个遗传上不同的谱系，没有共享的单倍型，支持它们作为独立进化单位的地位。H. julitta和H. glauconome的分化可以追溯到大约3.1 Ma，与Sierra Madre de Chiapas和Maya山脉的隆起有关，将H. julitta隔离在Yucatán半岛内。跨墨西哥火山带似乎塑造了海绿石的分布。人口统计模式表明，海绿石斛在冰期后扩张，而海绿石斛则表现出较高的单倍型多样性，但没有近期扩张的证据，表明其长期隔离。在1.7 Ma前后，H. g. glauconome和H. g. grisea的分化与更新世的气候变化一致，历史上的海侵可能加强了H. julitta的隔离。本研究强调了地理屏障、海侵和更新世气候变化对中美洲蝴蝶多样性的重要影响。观察到的模式强调了该地区的动态历史及其在促进遗传分化方面的重要性。进一步的基因组学、生态学和形态学研究将是充分揭示Hamadryas蝴蝶进化史的必要条件。
{"title":"Quaternary History and Phylogeography of Three Hamadryas Butterflies","authors":"Blanca R. Prado-Cuéllar, Salima Machkour-M'Rabet, Marysol Trujano-Ortega, Luis A. Lara-Pérez, Carmen Pozo","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the evolutionary processes shaping species distributions requires an integrative approach encompassing phylogeographic and biogeographic perspectives. <i>Hamadryas</i> butterflies represent a good model for such research, due to their widely studied ecological and evolutionary characteristics and the availability of detailed data on their distribution and taxonomy. This study investigates the drivers of diversification in <i>Hamadryas julitta</i>, <i>H. glauconome glauconome</i>, and <i>H. glauconome grisea</i>, assessing the roles of geographic barriers and Pleistocene climatic fluctuations across Mesoamerica.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mesoamerica.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Hamadryas glauconome glauconome</i>, <i>Hamadryas glauconome grisea</i>, and <i>Hamadryas julitta</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An analysis was conducted on mitochondrial DNA (COI) from populations across Mexico and Central America. Evolutionary patterns were reconstructed using haplotype networks, phylogenies, and divergence time estimates. The assessment of demographic changes was conducted through the utilization of Fu's <i>Fs</i>, Tajima's <i>D</i>, and mismatch distributions, alongside biogeographic interpretations of geological and climatic events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analyses revealed three genetically distinct lineages with no shared haplotypes, supporting their status as separate evolutionary units. Divergence between <i>H. julitta</i> and <i>H. glauconome</i> dates to approximately 3.1 Ma, associated with the uplift of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas and Maya Mountains, isolating <i>H. julitta</i> within the Yucatán Peninsula. The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt appears to have shaped the distribution of <i>H. g. glauconome</i>. Demographic patterns suggest a post-glacial expansion in <i>H. g. glauconome</i>, while <i>H. g. grisea</i> shows high haplotype diversity without evidence of recent expansion, indicating long-term isolation. Divergence between <i>H. g. glauconome</i> and <i>H. g. grisea</i> around 1.7 Ma coincides with Pleistocene climatic shifts, and historical marine transgressions may have reinforced isolation in <i>H. julitta</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the crucial role of geographic barriers, marine transgressions, and Pleistocene climatic changes in shaping butterfly diversification in Mesoamer","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies on the geographical distributions of marine species have typically ignored the oceans' inherent 3D nature, instead focusing on two-dimensional patterns based on surface or near-surface abiotic conditions. Here, we show the importance of considering oceans as 3D space by comparing fish species richness patterns inferred from 2D and 3D data sources, including species occurrences and environmental data.
Location
Atlantic Ocean.
Time Period
Present.
Major Taxa Studies
Three orders of bony fishes—Beloniformes, Gadiformes and Scombriformes.
Methods
We generated 2D and 3D species distribution models using two methods: general linear models and simple envelopes. We then summed distributions for each order to map potential species richness in the Atlantic Ocean. Finally, we modelled species richness within each order to examine macroecological patterns based on 2D versus 3D data.
Results
Our 3D species richness maps provide a different picture of potential distributions of diversity than 2D-based results, especially for Scombriformes and Gadiformes, which generally inhabit sub-surface waters. In contrast, 2D and 3D results for Beloniformes, which are generally epipelagic, were quite similar. Using linear models of species richness, we demonstrate disparity among macroecological patterns inferred based on 2D versus 3D data.
Main Conclusions
Overall, our work emphasises the critical importance of depth in the study of marine ecosystems and the need for detailed depth information associated with organism occurrence records and oceanographic data.
{"title":"Depth Matters for Marine Biodiversity","authors":"Hannah L. Owens, Carsten Rahbek","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies on the geographical distributions of marine species have typically ignored the oceans' inherent 3D nature, instead focusing on two-dimensional patterns based on surface or near-surface abiotic conditions. Here, we show the importance of considering oceans as 3D space by comparing fish species richness patterns inferred from 2D and 3D data sources, including species occurrences and environmental data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atlantic Ocean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studies</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three orders of bony fishes—Beloniformes, Gadiformes and Scombriformes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We generated 2D and 3D species distribution models using two methods: general linear models and simple envelopes. We then summed distributions for each order to map potential species richness in the Atlantic Ocean. Finally, we modelled species richness within each order to examine macroecological patterns based on 2D versus 3D data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our 3D species richness maps provide a different picture of potential distributions of diversity than 2D-based results, especially for Scombriformes and Gadiformes, which generally inhabit sub-surface waters. In contrast, 2D and 3D results for Beloniformes, which are generally epipelagic, were quite similar. Using linear models of species richness, we demonstrate disparity among macroecological patterns inferred based on 2D versus 3D data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our work emphasises the critical importance of depth in the study of marine ecosystems and the need for detailed depth information associated with organism occurrence records and oceanographic data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lígia Maria Saback Moreira Dornellas, Pedro Giovâni da Silva, Augusto S. Auler, David C. Culver, Tanja Pipan
Aim
We aimed to understand the ecological connections between caves and mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) in Iron Formations from southeastern Brazil.
Location
Iron Quadrangle and Southern Espinhaço Range, southeastern Brazil.
Taxon
Subterranean invertebrates.
Methods
Our dataset compiles species distribution data of subterranean invertebrates from long-term monitoring projects conducted in three localities: Brumadinho, Itabirito, and Conceição do Mato Dentro. Sampling occurred from April 2007 to December 2023 using active search methods in caves and MSS traps in iron-duricrust (canga) formations. We used multivariate analyses to compare the invertebrate composition between caves and MSS. We also assessed the effect of geographic distance between them on total β-diversity, species replacement, and richness differences.
Results
We recorded 97,967 individuals and 1588 invertebrate morphospecies: 11,738 individuals and 994 morphospecies in caves, and 86,229 individuals and 945 morphospecies in MSS. Six phyla were sampled, with Arthropoda comprising 98% of all organisms. In total, 351 invertebrate morphospecies (22.1%) were shared between caves and MSS, with 643 (40.5%) sampled only in caves and 594 (37.4%) restricted to MSS. Only four subterranean-specialised invertebrates were shared between caves and MSS. Species composition differed more between subterranean environments than between localities, with β-diversity analyses revealing high species replacement as the primary driver. Geographic distance played a negligible role in compositional differences (Sorensen dissimilarity) between caves and MSS, with β-diversity always above 83% regardless of the distance between these environments.
Main Conclusions
Caves and MSS in Iron Formations support distinct subterranean invertebrate communities, with more species restricted to each environment than shared, regardless of the geographic distance or structural connectivity between them. These findings highlight the ecological relevance of both environments and their role in sustaining biodiversity within Iron Formation systems. Consequently, conserving both environments is needed to protect the full extent of subterranean biodiversity in these unique ecosystems.
目的了解巴西东南部铁地层中溶洞与中孔浅基质（MSS）之间的生态联系。位置：巴西东南部的铁四边形和南部埃斯帕纳帕拉多山脉。地下无脊椎动物分类群。方法收集Brumadinho、Itabirito和concepadal o do matto Dentro三个地区长期监测项目的地下无脊椎动物物种分布数据。取样时间为2007年4月至2023年12月，采用主动搜索法在铁硬壳（cana）地层的洞穴和MSS圈闭中进行。我们使用多变量分析比较了洞穴和MSS之间的无脊椎动物组成。我们还评估了它们之间的地理距离对总β-多样性、物种替代和丰富度差异的影响。结果共记录无脊椎动物形态种97,967只，1588种，其中洞穴形态种11,738只，994种，MSS形态种86,229只，945种。采样了6门，其中节肢动物占所有生物的98%。洞穴和MSS共有无脊椎动物形态种351种（22.1%），其中洞穴无脊椎动物形态种643种（40.5%），MSS无脊椎动物形态种594种（37.4%）。只有四种地下专用无脊椎动物在洞穴和MSS之间共享。物种组成在地下环境之间的差异大于地点之间的差异，β-多样性分析显示高物种替代是主要驱动因素。地理距离对洞穴与MSS组分差异（Sorensen不相似度）的影响可以忽略不计，无论洞穴与MSS的地理距离如何，其β-多样性均在83%以上。铁地层的洞穴和MSS支持不同的地下无脊椎动物群落，无论它们之间的地理距离或结构连通性如何，每种环境中限制的物种多于共享的物种。这些发现突出了环境的生态相关性及其在维持铁地层系统生物多样性中的作用。因此，需要保护这两种环境，以充分保护这些独特生态系统中的地下生物多样性。
{"title":"Subterranean Invertebrate Fauna in Iron Formations From Southeastern Brazil: A Comparison Between Caves and Mesovoid Shallow Substratum","authors":"Lígia Maria Saback Moreira Dornellas, Pedro Giovâni da Silva, Augusto S. Auler, David C. Culver, Tanja Pipan","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to understand the ecological connections between caves and mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) in Iron Formations from southeastern Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iron Quadrangle and Southern Espinhaço Range, southeastern Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subterranean invertebrates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our dataset compiles species distribution data of subterranean invertebrates from long-term monitoring projects conducted in three localities: Brumadinho, Itabirito, and Conceição do Mato Dentro. Sampling occurred from April 2007 to December 2023 using active search methods in caves and MSS traps in iron-duricrust (canga) formations. We used multivariate analyses to compare the invertebrate composition between caves and MSS. We also assessed the effect of geographic distance between them on total β-diversity, species replacement, and richness differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recorded 97,967 individuals and 1588 invertebrate morphospecies: 11,738 individuals and 994 morphospecies in caves, and 86,229 individuals and 945 morphospecies in MSS. Six phyla were sampled, with Arthropoda comprising 98% of all organisms. In total, 351 invertebrate morphospecies (22.1%) were shared between caves and MSS, with 643 (40.5%) sampled only in caves and 594 (37.4%) restricted to MSS. Only four subterranean-specialised invertebrates were shared between caves and MSS. Species composition differed more between subterranean environments than between localities, with β-diversity analyses revealing high species replacement as the primary driver. Geographic distance played a negligible role in compositional differences (Sorensen dissimilarity) between caves and MSS, with β-diversity always above 83% regardless of the distance between these environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caves and MSS in Iron Formations support distinct subterranean invertebrate communities, with more species restricted to each environment than shared, regardless of the geographic distance or structural connectivity between them. These findings highlight the ecological relevance of both environments and their role in sustaining biodiversity within Iron Formation systems. Consequently, conserving both environments is needed to protect the full extent of subterranean biodiversity in these unique ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elize Y. X. Ng, Simon Wotherspoon, Louise Emmerson, Christopher P. Burridge
Aim
Latitudinal diversity gradients are common across broad taxonomic groups, with most exhibiting peak species richness in the tropics. These have often been explained by greater primary productivity and diversification rates in the tropics. However, some taxa show peak species richness outside the tropics, providing valuable contrasts for improving our understanding of the factors driving latitudinal diversity gradients. In this study, we tested ecological and evolutionary predictors of latitudinal diversity in Procellariiform seabirds, which exhibit peak species richness at temperate Southern Hemisphere latitudes.
Location
Global.
Time Period
Paleogene to present.
Major Taxa Studied
Order Procellariformes (Seabirds).
Methods
We assessed the latitudinal diversity gradient for Procellariiformes in the context of ecological factors including ocean productivity, ocean area, wind speed, and number of coastlines for breeding. We simultaneously tested evolutionary factors comprising lineage ages and transition and diversification rates among latitudes.
Results
While most ecological factors were retained in a Generalised Additive Model, wind appeared positively and most closely related to latitudinal breeding species richness. There was no evidence that unequal evolutionary transitions or diversification explained the latitudinal diversity gradient. However, an approximately two-fold earlier origin in the Southern Temperate zone likely provided more time for species accumulation there.
Main Conclusion
Wind and time since evolutionary origin best explain the extratropical peak in breeding species richness of Procellariiform seabirds, emphasising the importance of integrating ecological and evolutionary perspectives when investigating latitudinal diversity gradients. Additionally, our study also illustrates how quantification of species distributions and the choice of phylogeny when testing evolutionary predictors can influence interpretations of latitudinal diversity gradients.
{"title":"Ecological and Evolutionary Factors Shape the Extra-Tropical Latitudinal Species Diversity Peak in Procellariiform Seabirds","authors":"Elize Y. X. Ng, Simon Wotherspoon, Louise Emmerson, Christopher P. Burridge","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latitudinal diversity gradients are common across broad taxonomic groups, with most exhibiting peak species richness in the tropics. These have often been explained by greater primary productivity and diversification rates in the tropics. However, some taxa show peak species richness outside the tropics, providing valuable contrasts for improving our understanding of the factors driving latitudinal diversity gradients. In this study, we tested ecological and evolutionary predictors of latitudinal diversity in Procellariiform seabirds, which exhibit peak species richness at temperate Southern Hemisphere latitudes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paleogene to present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Order Procellariformes (Seabirds).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the latitudinal diversity gradient for Procellariiformes in the context of ecological factors including ocean productivity, ocean area, wind speed, and number of coastlines for breeding. We simultaneously tested evolutionary factors comprising lineage ages and transition and diversification rates among latitudes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While most ecological factors were retained in a Generalised Additive Model, wind appeared positively and most closely related to latitudinal breeding species richness. There was no evidence that unequal evolutionary transitions or diversification explained the latitudinal diversity gradient. However, an approximately two-fold earlier origin in the Southern Temperate zone likely provided more time for species accumulation there.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wind and time since evolutionary origin best explain the extratropical peak in breeding species richness of Procellariiform seabirds, emphasising the importance of integrating ecological and evolutionary perspectives when investigating latitudinal diversity gradients. Additionally, our study also illustrates how quantification of species distributions and the choice of phylogeny when testing evolutionary predictors can influence interpretations of latitudinal diversity gradients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>We investigated the biogeographic consequences of chromosomal speciation, or structural changes in chromosome arrangement that lead to reproductive isolation, an intriguing speciation mechanism with implications for the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of species and chromosomal diversity. Location. North and Central America. Taxa. A species-rich and chromosomally diverse clade of lizards in the genus <i>Sceloporus</i> which are known to have coincident bursts of speciation and karyotype diversity, and coincident patterns of chromosomal change and branching order. Some workers have suggested that the tendency of communities of <i>Sceloporus</i> lizards to include species with different karyotypes is a signal of widespread chromosomal speciation, but given the high karyotypic diversity present in <i>Sceloporus</i>, this may be due to chance rather than the effects of karyotypic speciation.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We gathered karyotypic, morphological, and biogeographic data on this chromosomally-diverse clade in order to assess whether sympatry patterns of <i>Sceloporus</i> species are structured by karyotype. If karyotypic rearrangements contribute to the creation or maintenance of new species in <i>Sceloporus</i>, then sympatric sister taxa should be more karyotypically diverged than allopatric sister taxa, and allopatric taxa should accumulate differences more gradually. We investigate whether species pairs with similar karyotypes are less likely to overlap geographically than expected by chance, and test whether karyotypic and geographic overlap between species pairs is related to divergence time. We pay special attention to cases of overlap between sister species. We also investigate whether <i>Sceloporus</i> communities are karyotypically overdispersed by comparing observed geographic distributions of karyotypic and phylogenetic diversity against phylogenetically-informed modeled distributions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>We find little evidence for geographic signatures of chromosomal speciation and suggest that, while chromosomal speciation may have contributed historically to the spatial distributions of <i>Sceloporus</i> species, any geographic signature of this mode of speciation has been lost at long (> 10 Ma) temporal and broad (continental) spatial scales.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>The spatial signature of chromosomal speciation is temporally restricted and the influences of other factors may have greater effects on species
{"title":"Does Karyotype Structure Co-Occurrence Patterns in a Chromosomally Diverse and Species-Rich Clade of Lizards (Genus Sceloporus)?","authors":"Isaac W. Krone, Erin P. Westeen","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated the biogeographic consequences of chromosomal speciation, or structural changes in chromosome arrangement that lead to reproductive isolation, an intriguing speciation mechanism with implications for the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of species and chromosomal diversity. Location. North and Central America. Taxa. A species-rich and chromosomally diverse clade of lizards in the genus <i>Sceloporus</i> which are known to have coincident bursts of speciation and karyotype diversity, and coincident patterns of chromosomal change and branching order. Some workers have suggested that the tendency of communities of <i>Sceloporus</i> lizards to include species with different karyotypes is a signal of widespread chromosomal speciation, but given the high karyotypic diversity present in <i>Sceloporus</i>, this may be due to chance rather than the effects of karyotypic speciation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We gathered karyotypic, morphological, and biogeographic data on this chromosomally-diverse clade in order to assess whether sympatry patterns of <i>Sceloporus</i> species are structured by karyotype. If karyotypic rearrangements contribute to the creation or maintenance of new species in <i>Sceloporus</i>, then sympatric sister taxa should be more karyotypically diverged than allopatric sister taxa, and allopatric taxa should accumulate differences more gradually. We investigate whether species pairs with similar karyotypes are less likely to overlap geographically than expected by chance, and test whether karyotypic and geographic overlap between species pairs is related to divergence time. We pay special attention to cases of overlap between sister species. We also investigate whether <i>Sceloporus</i> communities are karyotypically overdispersed by comparing observed geographic distributions of karyotypic and phylogenetic diversity against phylogenetically-informed modeled distributions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find little evidence for geographic signatures of chromosomal speciation and suggest that, while chromosomal speciation may have contributed historically to the spatial distributions of <i>Sceloporus</i> species, any geographic signature of this mode of speciation has been lost at long (> 10 Ma) temporal and broad (continental) spatial scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The spatial signature of chromosomal speciation is temporally restricted and the influences of other factors may have greater effects on species ","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the evolutionary diversification and ecological significance of adhesive toepads in geckos. It examines how different toepad configurations (absent, basal, distal and fanlike) have evolved and relate to macroecological patterns. By analysing variation beyond mere presence or absence, it provides a finer-scale understanding of toepad evolution and its links to climate, habitat and biogeographic history.
Location
Global.
Major Taxa Studied
Gekkota.
Methods
Toepad types were assigned based on species descriptions. An ultrametric phylogeny was pruned and calibrated for ancestral state reconstruction via stochastic character mapping. Species distribution, habitat and climate data were compiled from global databases and analysed in R. Species richness, habitat associations and climatic niche space were analysed in relation to toepad configuration.
Results
Toepad configurations are unevenly distributed across gekkotans, with padlessness reconstructed as the ancestral and most common state. Transitions between configurations occurred frequently, including secondary pad loss. Geographic distributions and climatic niche space differ by pad type, with padless species occupying the broadest and most variable conditions. Habitat associations also vary among configurations, with forest being the dominant habitat category across all groups.
Main Conclusions
This study confirms padlessness as the ancestral condition and highlights multiple origins of adhesive toepads. While transitions from padless to basal pads are most frequent, transitions from distal to basal pads are also supported. Climatic niche analysis shows that toepads do not grant access to new climate zones but reflect fine-scale ecological adaptations, particularly to structurally complex habitats. Toepad configurations appear to facilitate ecological diversification within biomes. Geographic patterns seem more influenced by biogeographic history than direct climatic filtering, underscoring the role of historical contingency in shaping functional diversity.
{"title":"Sticky Innovation, Limited Expansion: Biogeography and Evolutionary Ecology of Toepads in Geckos","authors":"Yasemin Kukla, Jendrian Riedel, Dennis Rödder","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the evolutionary diversification and ecological significance of adhesive toepads in geckos. It examines how different toepad configurations (absent, basal, distal and fanlike) have evolved and relate to macroecological patterns. By analysing variation beyond mere presence or absence, it provides a finer-scale understanding of toepad evolution and its links to climate, habitat and biogeographic history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gekkota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Toepad types were assigned based on species descriptions. An ultrametric phylogeny was pruned and calibrated for ancestral state reconstruction via stochastic character mapping. Species distribution, habitat and climate data were compiled from global databases and analysed in R. Species richness, habitat associations and climatic niche space were analysed in relation to toepad configuration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Toepad configurations are unevenly distributed across gekkotans, with padlessness reconstructed as the ancestral and most common state. Transitions between configurations occurred frequently, including secondary pad loss. Geographic distributions and climatic niche space differ by pad type, with padless species occupying the broadest and most variable conditions. Habitat associations also vary among configurations, with forest being the dominant habitat category across all groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study confirms padlessness as the ancestral condition and highlights multiple origins of adhesive toepads. While transitions from padless to basal pads are most frequent, transitions from distal to basal pads are also supported. Climatic niche analysis shows that toepads do not grant access to new climate zones but reflect fine-scale ecological adaptations, particularly to structurally complex habitats. Toepad configurations appear to facilitate ecological diversification within biomes. Geographic patterns seem more influenced by biogeographic history than direct climatic filtering, underscoring the role of historical contingency in shaping functional diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel X. Boldorini, Paulo M. Martins, Antonio D. Brescovit, Adalberto J. Santos, Leonardo S. Carvalho, Ubirajara Oliveira, Philip Russo, Joyce C. B. Brito, Aparecida P. Barbosa, André Celso Bezerra Rodrigues, Aníbal Silva Cantalice, Arthur A. B. Rodrigues, Deivson Chaves, Reginaldo A. F. Gusmão, Arthur R. Magalhães, Higor G. Ferreira, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza
Aim
Biodiversity shortfalls related to limited knowledge about geographic distribution (Wallacean) and species traits (Raunkiæran) are extremely common in many animal groups and perhaps more evident in invertebrate groups such as spiders. This lack of knowledge could present challenges for researchers investigating the response and effects of spiders along large spatial scales, particularly in the Global South. The aim of the SpiderATLAS is to facilitate research that links macroecology, biogeography, trait-based ecology and global change biology.
Location
Brazilian Atlantic Forest, spanning virtually the entire eastern coastline of Brazil, encompassing 1,620,000 km2, 30 degrees of latitude (3° 42′ S to 33° 31′ S), and 22 degrees of longitude (34° 50′ W to 56° 45′ W).
Taxon
Spiders (Class Araneae), including 1648 species from 63 families.
Methods
We compiled the spatial distribution (i.e., occurrence data) and data on morphological characteristics and derived traits for spider species from species descriptions, taxonomic revisions and personal collection. Species occurrences were extracted from several data sources spanning from the 1880s to 2023. Data on the morphological traits of species were compiled from taxonomic and diversity inventory papers published between 1833 and 2024.
Results
We provide 9369 georeferenced point locations and six morphological traits (body length, prosoma length, prosoma width, prosoma height, femur I length, and patella I length) for 1648 spider species. Most data are available for females and males. The dataset and code are available to download from Dryad, World Spider Trait database, and the ZooTraits app.
Main Conclusions
The SpiderATLAS can be useful to access information on the distribution and traits of spiders, contributing to the development of macroecological, biogeographical and trait-based ecology. This dataset can also facilitate the biodiversity conservation of one of the most abundant and important arthropod predators on the planet, in a biodiversity hotspot.
{"title":"SpiderATLAS: A Database of Spider Traits and Distributions in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest","authors":"Gabriel X. Boldorini, Paulo M. Martins, Antonio D. Brescovit, Adalberto J. Santos, Leonardo S. Carvalho, Ubirajara Oliveira, Philip Russo, Joyce C. B. Brito, Aparecida P. Barbosa, André Celso Bezerra Rodrigues, Aníbal Silva Cantalice, Arthur A. B. Rodrigues, Deivson Chaves, Reginaldo A. F. Gusmão, Arthur R. Magalhães, Higor G. Ferreira, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biodiversity shortfalls related to limited knowledge about geographic distribution (Wallacean) and species traits (Raunkiæran) are extremely common in many animal groups and perhaps more evident in invertebrate groups such as spiders. This lack of knowledge could present challenges for researchers investigating the response and effects of spiders along large spatial scales, particularly in the Global South. The aim of the SpiderATLAS is to facilitate research that links macroecology, biogeography, trait-based ecology and global change biology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brazilian Atlantic Forest, spanning virtually the entire eastern coastline of Brazil, encompassing 1,620,000 km<sup>2</sup>, 30 degrees of latitude (3° 42′ S to 33° 31′ S), and 22 degrees of longitude (34° 50′ W to 56° 45′ W).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spiders (Class Araneae), including 1648 species from 63 families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled the spatial distribution (i.e., occurrence data) and data on morphological characteristics and derived traits for spider species from species descriptions, taxonomic revisions and personal collection. Species occurrences were extracted from several data sources spanning from the 1880s to 2023. Data on the morphological traits of species were compiled from taxonomic and diversity inventory papers published between 1833 and 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide 9369 georeferenced point locations and six morphological traits (body length, prosoma length, prosoma width, prosoma height, femur I length, and patella I length) for 1648 spider species. Most data are available for females and males. The dataset and code are available to download from Dryad, World Spider Trait database, and the ZooTraits app.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SpiderATLAS can be useful to access information on the distribution and traits of spiders, contributing to the development of macroecological, biogeographical and trait-based ecology. This dataset can also facilitate the biodiversity conservation of one of the most abundant and important arthropod predators on the planet, in a biodiversity hotspot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew D. Gottscho, Bradford D. Hollingsworth, Julio Lemos Espinal, Adam D. Leaché, Tod W. Reeder, Kevin de Queiroz
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>We tested whether co-distributed phrynosomatid lizards in the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) share synchronous phylogeographic discontinuities, as predicted by the “peninsular archipelago” hypothesis, and examined the diversification of <i>Callisaurus draconoides</i> throughout its range.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>The BCP and the Great Basin, Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of southwestern North America.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxa</h3> <p>Five co-distributed species complexes representing four genera within Phrynosomatidae: <i>Callisaurus</i>, <i>Petrosaurus</i>, <i>Urosaurus</i> and <i>Sceloporus</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Double-digest restriction-associated-DNA (ddRAD) sequencing was used to collect genome-wide sequence data for 309 lizards. We used phylogenetic analyses of concatenated loci and population admixture analysis of unlinked SNPs to identify lineages. To infer a species tree, we collected target sequence capture (TSC) data. Migration between adjacent peninsular lineages was estimated using the multispecies coalescent with migration (MSC-M) in BPP. A full-likelihood Bayesian comparative phylogeographic approach (ecoevolity) was used to test the simultaneous divergence hypothesis for the Isthmus of La Paz and Vizcaíno Desert.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>We identified 24 potential lineages within the five co-distributed complexes. Contact zones between lineages were observed at the Isthmus of La Paz in four of the five complexes, and in all five within the Vizcaíno Desert. The time-calibrated species tree indicates that within each complex, divergences at the Isthmus of La Paz predate those across the Vizcaíno Desert. We found strong support for at least three independent divergence events at the Isthmus of La Paz and the Vizcaíno Desert, thereby rejecting the simultaneous divergence hypothesis. Inferred migration rates between adjacent peninsular populations were generally low (M << 1) to absent. Zebra-tailed lizards (<i>Callisaurus</i>), in which the earliest diverging lineages are endemic to the southern BCP, exhibit a clear pattern of Pleistocene range expansion from the BCP into the deserts of the western United States and mainland Mexico. The most deeply nested populations in <i>Callisaurus</i> occur at the northern, eastern and southeastern range limits in temperate, subtropical and tropical biomes, respectively.</p>
{"title":"Comparative Phylogeography of Phrynosomatid Lizards in Baja California: Asynchronous Divergences and Expansion of Callisaurus draconoides Across the North American Deserts","authors":"Andrew D. Gottscho, Bradford D. Hollingsworth, Julio Lemos Espinal, Adam D. Leaché, Tod W. Reeder, Kevin de Queiroz","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We tested whether co-distributed phrynosomatid lizards in the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) share synchronous phylogeographic discontinuities, as predicted by the “peninsular archipelago” hypothesis, and examined the diversification of <i>Callisaurus draconoides</i> throughout its range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The BCP and the Great Basin, Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of southwestern North America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five co-distributed species complexes representing four genera within Phrynosomatidae: <i>Callisaurus</i>, <i>Petrosaurus</i>, <i>Urosaurus</i> and <i>Sceloporus</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Double-digest restriction-associated-DNA (ddRAD) sequencing was used to collect genome-wide sequence data for 309 lizards. We used phylogenetic analyses of concatenated loci and population admixture analysis of unlinked SNPs to identify lineages. To infer a species tree, we collected target sequence capture (TSC) data. Migration between adjacent peninsular lineages was estimated using the multispecies coalescent with migration (MSC-M) in BPP. A full-likelihood Bayesian comparative phylogeographic approach (ecoevolity) was used to test the simultaneous divergence hypothesis for the Isthmus of La Paz and Vizcaíno Desert.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 24 potential lineages within the five co-distributed complexes. Contact zones between lineages were observed at the Isthmus of La Paz in four of the five complexes, and in all five within the Vizcaíno Desert. The time-calibrated species tree indicates that within each complex, divergences at the Isthmus of La Paz predate those across the Vizcaíno Desert. We found strong support for at least three independent divergence events at the Isthmus of La Paz and the Vizcaíno Desert, thereby rejecting the simultaneous divergence hypothesis. Inferred migration rates between adjacent peninsular populations were generally low (M << 1) to absent. Zebra-tailed lizards (<i>Callisaurus</i>), in which the earliest diverging lineages are endemic to the southern BCP, exhibit a clear pattern of Pleistocene range expansion from the BCP into the deserts of the western United States and mainland Mexico. The most deeply nested populations in <i>Callisaurus</i> occur at the northern, eastern and southeastern range limits in temperate, subtropical and tropical biomes, respectively.</p>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. A. Maximiano, C. C. Ribas, H. Tuomisto, G. Zuquim, P. L. Maia-Braga, C. A. Peres
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>The effects of rivers as barriers for species dispersal can be expected to vary according to both species traits and the characteristics of rivers themselves. In this context, our aim was to investigate dissimilarities in species composition across opposite banks of two major Amazonian rivers, the Juruá and the Tapajós, and relate them to each river's characteristics and history.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>The study was conducted in upland forests on opposite banks of two contrasting Amazonian rivers: the Juruá and the Tapajós. The Juruá River, a highly meandering and sediment-rich river, drains the Solimões sedimentary basin. In contrast, the Tapajós River is an entrenched, low-sediment river flowing through the cratonic region of the ancient Brazilian shield. These rivers represent distinct geomorphological and geological settings, allowing us to assess their differential effects on bird species compositions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>Data were collected over multiple time periods, spanning several decades. The earliest surveys were conducted in the 1990s. Additional data were collected in 2012 and 2013, followed by a more recent sampling effort in 2022.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Upland forest bird assemblages, including species with different ecological traits, such as varying body sizes, diets and dispersal abilities, ensure an evaluation of how species characteristics interact with riverine features in shaping bird community structure.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We used standardised bird surveys to assess taxon (genus, species and subspecies) composition of upland bird assemblages on both sides of each river. Occupancy and abundance data were obtained using mist-net lines. Differences in composition were analysed using statistical methods to assess community dissimilarity and test for significant differences between opposite margins. We assessed the relative contributions of river basins, geographical distances and environmental variables in explaining dissimilarities in bird taxon composition across the Juruá and Tapajós rivers.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>We found significant differences in bird assemblages between the opposite margins of the stable Tapajós, but not between the margins of the more d
{"title":"Effect of Two Geologically Distinct Amazonian Rivers in Shaping Forest Understorey Bird Assemblages","authors":"M. F. A. Maximiano, C. C. Ribas, H. Tuomisto, G. Zuquim, P. L. Maia-Braga, C. A. Peres","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of rivers as barriers for species dispersal can be expected to vary according to both species traits and the characteristics of rivers themselves. In this context, our aim was to investigate dissimilarities in species composition across opposite banks of two major Amazonian rivers, the Juruá and the Tapajós, and relate them to each river's characteristics and history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was conducted in upland forests on opposite banks of two contrasting Amazonian rivers: the Juruá and the Tapajós. The Juruá River, a highly meandering and sediment-rich river, drains the Solimões sedimentary basin. In contrast, the Tapajós River is an entrenched, low-sediment river flowing through the cratonic region of the ancient Brazilian shield. These rivers represent distinct geomorphological and geological settings, allowing us to assess their differential effects on bird species compositions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected over multiple time periods, spanning several decades. The earliest surveys were conducted in the 1990s. Additional data were collected in 2012 and 2013, followed by a more recent sampling effort in 2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Upland forest bird assemblages, including species with different ecological traits, such as varying body sizes, diets and dispersal abilities, ensure an evaluation of how species characteristics interact with riverine features in shaping bird community structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used standardised bird surveys to assess taxon (genus, species and subspecies) composition of upland bird assemblages on both sides of each river. Occupancy and abundance data were obtained using mist-net lines. Differences in composition were analysed using statistical methods to assess community dissimilarity and test for significant differences between opposite margins. We assessed the relative contributions of river basins, geographical distances and environmental variables in explaining dissimilarities in bird taxon composition across the Juruá and Tapajós rivers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found significant differences in bird assemblages between the opposite margins of the stable Tapajós, but not between the margins of the more d","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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