首页 > 最新文献

Journal of breath research最新文献

英文 中文
Dental restorative materials and halitosis: a preliminaryin-vitrostudy. 牙科修复材料与口臭:体外初步研究
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad4b57
Tuğçe Odabaş, Osman Tolga Harorlı

Despite the widespread use of dental restorative materials, little information exists in the literature regarding their potential impact on bad breath. This in vitro study aims to fill this gap by investigating the influence of different restorative materials on the release of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Thirteen diverse dental restorative materials, including composites, flowable composites, glass ionomer restorative materials, high-copper amalgam, and CAD-CAM blocks, were examined. Cellulose Sponge models were used as negative and positive control. All samples were prepared with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm. Except for the negative control group, all samples were embedded into Allium cepa L., and the emitted H2S was measured using the Wintact W8802 hydrogen sulfide monitor. Surface roughness's effect on emission was explored by roughening the surfaces of CAD-CAM material samples, and gas emission was measured again. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and DSCF pairwise comparison tests. Fiber-reinforced flowable composite (EverX Flow), amalgam (Nova 70-caps), and certain composite materials (IPS Empress Direct, Tetric Evoceram, Admira Fusion X-tra) released higher H2S concentrations compared to the negative control. The H2S release period lasted longer in the same materials mentioned above, along with G-aenial Universal Injectable. Indirectly used materials, such as GC Cerasmart, Vita Enamic, and Vita YZ HT, demonstrated significantly lower emissions compared to other direct restoratives. Importantly, the surface roughness of indirect materials did not significantly affect peak H2S concentrations or release times. The study reveals variations in H2S release among restorative materials, suggesting potential advantages of indirect restorative materials in reducing H2S-induced halitosis. This comprehensive understanding of the relationship between restorative materials and halitosis can empower both dental professionals and patients to make well-informed treatment choices. Notably, there is evidence supporting the enhanced performance of indirect restorative materials for individuals affected by halitosis.

尽管牙科修复材料被广泛使用,但有关它们对口臭的潜在影响的文献资料却很少。这项体外研究旨在通过调查不同修复材料对硫化氢(H2S)释放的影响来填补这一空白。研究考察了 13 种不同的牙科修复材料,包括复合材料、可流动复合材料、玻璃离子聚合物修复材料、高铜汞合金和 CAD-CAM 块。纤维素海绵模型被用作阴性和阳性对照。所有样品的直径为 5 毫米,高度为 2 毫米。除阴性对照组外,所有样品都被嵌入到 Allium cepa L.中,并使用 Wintact W8802 硫化氢监测仪测量 H2S 的释放量。 通过使 CAD-CAM 材料样品表面粗糙化来探索表面粗糙度对释放量的影响,并再次测量气体释放量。数据采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验和 DSCF 配对比较检验进行统计分析。与阴性对照组相比,纤维增强可流动复合材料(EverX Flow)、汞合金(Nova 70-caps)和某些复合材料(IPS Empress Direct、Tetric Evoceram、Admira Fusion X-tra)释放的 H2S 浓度较高。上述材料和 G-aenial 通用注射剂的 H2S 释放期更长。与其他直接修复体相比,间接使用的材料,如 GC Cerasmart、Vita Enamic 和 Vita YZ HT 的释放量明显较低。重要的是,间接材料的表面粗糙度对 H2S 的峰值浓度或释放时间没有明显影响。这项研究揭示了不同修复材料在 H2S 释放方面的差异,表明间接修复材料在减少 H2S 引起的口臭方面具有潜在优势。值得注意的是,有证据支持间接修复材料可提高口臭患者的治疗效果。
{"title":"Dental restorative materials and halitosis: a preliminary<i>in-vitro</i>study.","authors":"Tuğçe Odabaş, Osman Tolga Harorlı","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad4b57","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad4b57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the widespread use of dental restorative materials, little information exists in the literature regarding their potential impact on bad breath. This in vitro study aims to fill this gap by investigating the influence of different restorative materials on the release of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S). Thirteen diverse dental restorative materials, including composites, flowable composites, glass ionomer restorative materials, high-copper amalgam, and CAD-CAM blocks, were examined. Cellulose Sponge models were used as negative and positive control. All samples were prepared with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm. Except for the negative control group, all samples were embedded into Allium cepa L., and the emitted H<sub>2</sub>S was measured using the Wintact W8802 hydrogen sulfide monitor. Surface roughness's effect on emission was explored by roughening the surfaces of CAD-CAM material samples, and gas emission was measured again. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and DSCF pairwise comparison tests. Fiber-reinforced flowable composite (EverX Flow), amalgam (Nova 70-caps), and certain composite materials (IPS Empress Direct, Tetric Evoceram, Admira Fusion X-tra) released higher H<sub>2</sub>S concentrations compared to the negative control. The H<sub>2</sub>S release period lasted longer in the same materials mentioned above, along with G-aenial Universal Injectable. Indirectly used materials, such as GC Cerasmart, Vita Enamic, and Vita YZ HT, demonstrated significantly lower emissions compared to other direct restoratives. Importantly, the surface roughness of indirect materials did not significantly affect peak H<sub>2</sub>S concentrations or release times. The study reveals variations in H<sub>2</sub>S release among restorative materials, suggesting potential advantages of indirect restorative materials in reducing H<sub>2</sub>S-induced halitosis. This comprehensive understanding of the relationship between restorative materials and halitosis can empower both dental professionals and patients to make well-informed treatment choices. Notably, there is evidence supporting the enhanced performance of indirect restorative materials for individuals affected by halitosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of breath sample collection method and length of storage of breath samples in Tedlar bags on the level of selected volatiles assessed using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). 使用气相色谱-离子迁移谱法(GC-IMS)评估呼气样本收集方法和在 Tedlar 袋中储存呼气样本的时间对选定挥发性物质含量的影响。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad4736
Barbora Czippelová, Slavomíra Nováková, Miroslava Šarlinová, Eva Baranovičová, Anna Urbanová, Zuzana Turianiková, Jana Čerňanová Krohová, Erika Halašová, Henrieta Škovierová

The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air has attracted the interest of the scientific community because it provides the possibility of monitoring physiological and metabolic processes and non-invasive diagnostics of various diseases. However, this method remains underused in clinical practice as well as in research because of the lack of standardized procedures for the collection, storage and transport of breath samples, which would guarantee good reproducibility and comparability of results. The method of sampling, as well as the storage time of the breath samples in the polymer bags used for sample storage and transport, affect the composition and concentration of VOCs present in the breath samples. The aim of our study was to compare breath samples obtained using two methods with fully disposable equipment: a Haldane sampling tube intended for direct breath collection and breath samples exhaled into a transparent Tedlar bag. The second task was to monitor the stability of selected compounds of real breath samples stored in a Tedlar bag for 6 h. Gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) implemented in the BreathSpec®device was used to analyse exhaled breath. Our results showed a significant difference in the signal intensity of some volatiles when taking a breath sample with a Haldane tube and a Tedlar bag. Due to its endogenous origin, acetone levels were significantly higher when the Haldane tube sampler was used while elevated levels of 2-propanol and unidentified VOC (designated as VOC 3) in the Tedlar bag samples likely originated from contamination of the Tedlar bags. The VOC stability study revealed compound-specific signal intensity changes of the selected VOCs with storage time in the Tedlar bags, with some volatiles showing increasing signal intensity during storage in Tedlar bags. This limits the use of Tedlar bags only for very limited time and carefully selected purpose. Our results highlight the importance of careful design and implementation of experiments and clinical protocols to obtain relevant and reliable results.

呼出空气中挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的分析引起了科学界的兴趣,因为它提供了监测生理和代谢过程以及对各种疾病进行无创诊断的可能性。然而,由于缺乏收集、储存和运输呼气样本的标准化程序,这种方法在临床实践和研究中仍未得到充分利用,无法保证结果的良好重现性和可比性。采样方法以及呼气样本在用于样本储存和运输的聚合物袋中的储存时间会影响呼气样本中挥发性有机化合物的成分和浓度。我们的研究旨在比较使用两种方法和完全一次性设备获取的呼气样本:直接采集呼气样本的霍尔丹采样管和呼入透明 Tedlar 袋的呼气样本。第二项任务是监测在 Tedlar 袋中储存 6 小时的真实呼气样本中特定化合物的稳定性。BreathSpec® 设备采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱法(GC-IMS)分析呼出的气体。结果表明,使用霍尔丹管和 Tedlar 袋采集呼气样本时,某些挥发性物质的信号强度存在明显差异。使用 Haldane 管采样器时,丙酮的含量明显较高,而使用 Tedlar 袋采样时,2-丙醇和不明挥发性有机化合物的含量较高,这可能是由于 Tedlar 袋受到了污染。挥发性有机化合物稳定性研究显示,所选挥发性有机化合物的特定信号强度会随着在 Tedlar 袋中储存时间的延长而发生变化,某些挥发物在 Tedlar 袋储存期间信号强度会增加。我们的研究结果凸显了精心设计和实施实验和临床方案对获得相关可靠结果的重要性。
{"title":"Impact of breath sample collection method and length of storage of breath samples in Tedlar bags on the level of selected volatiles assessed using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS).","authors":"Barbora Czippelová, Slavomíra Nováková, Miroslava Šarlinová, Eva Baranovičová, Anna Urbanová, Zuzana Turianiková, Jana Čerňanová Krohová, Erika Halašová, Henrieta Škovierová","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad4736","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad4736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air has attracted the interest of the scientific community because it provides the possibility of monitoring physiological and metabolic processes and non-invasive diagnostics of various diseases. However, this method remains underused in clinical practice as well as in research because of the lack of standardized procedures for the collection, storage and transport of breath samples, which would guarantee good reproducibility and comparability of results. The method of sampling, as well as the storage time of the breath samples in the polymer bags used for sample storage and transport, affect the composition and concentration of VOCs present in the breath samples. The aim of our study was to compare breath samples obtained using two methods with fully disposable equipment: a Haldane sampling tube intended for direct breath collection and breath samples exhaled into a transparent Tedlar bag. The second task was to monitor the stability of selected compounds of real breath samples stored in a Tedlar bag for 6 h. Gas chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) implemented in the BreathSpec<sup>®</sup>device was used to analyse exhaled breath. Our results showed a significant difference in the signal intensity of some volatiles when taking a breath sample with a Haldane tube and a Tedlar bag. Due to its endogenous origin, acetone levels were significantly higher when the Haldane tube sampler was used while elevated levels of 2-propanol and unidentified VOC (designated as VOC 3) in the Tedlar bag samples likely originated from contamination of the Tedlar bags. The VOC stability study revealed compound-specific signal intensity changes of the selected VOCs with storage time in the Tedlar bags, with some volatiles showing increasing signal intensity during storage in Tedlar bags. This limits the use of Tedlar bags only for very limited time and carefully selected purpose. Our results highlight the importance of careful design and implementation of experiments and clinical protocols to obtain relevant and reliable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exhaled breath analysis in patients with potentially curative lung cancer undergoing surgery: a longitudinal study. 可能治愈的肺癌手术患者的呼气分析:一项纵向研究。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad48a9
Jonas Herth, Felix Schmidt, Sarah Basler, Noriane A Sievi, Malcolm Kohler

Exhaled breath analysis has emerged as a non-invasive and promising method for early detection of lung cancer, offering a novel approach for diagnosis through the identification of specific biomarkers present in a patient's breath. For this longitudinal study, 29 treatment-naive patients with lung cancer were evaluated before and after surgery. Secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for exhaled breath analysis. Volatile organic compounds with absolute log2fold change ⩾1 andq-values ⩾ 0.71 were selected as potentially relevant. Exhaled breath analysis resulted in a total of 3482 features. 515 features showed a substantial difference before and after surgery. The small sample size generated a false positive rate of 0.71, therefore, around 154 of these 515 features were expected to be true changes. Biological identification of the features with the highest consistency (m/z-242.18428 andm/z-117.0539) revealed to potentially be 3-Oxotetradecanoic acid and Indole, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed a primary cluster of patients with a recurrent lung cancer, which remained undetected in the initial diagnostic and surgical procedures. The change of exhaled breath patterns after surgery in lung cancer emphasizes the potential for lung cancer screening and detection.

呼气分析已成为一种非侵入性的肺癌早期检测方法,通过识别患者呼气中存在的特定生物标记物,为诊断提供了一种新方法。在这项纵向研究中,29 名未经治疗的肺癌患者在手术前后接受了评估。采用二次电喷雾离子化高分辨质谱法对呼出的气体进行分析。筛选出绝对对数折合变化≥1且q值≥0.71的挥发性有机化合物作为潜在相关化合物。呼出气体分析共得出 3482 个特征。其中 515 个特征显示手术前后存在显著差异。由于样本量较小,假阳性率为 0.71,因此预计这 515 个特征中约有 154 个是真正的变化。经生物鉴定,一致性最高的特征(m/z -242.18428 和 m/z -117.0539)可能分别是 3-氧代十四烷酸和吲哚。主成分分析显示,复发性肺癌患者主要集中在一个群组中,在最初的诊断和手术过程中一直未被发现。肺癌手术后呼气模式的变化强调了肺癌筛查和检测的潜力。
{"title":"Exhaled breath analysis in patients with potentially curative lung cancer undergoing surgery: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Jonas Herth, Felix Schmidt, Sarah Basler, Noriane A Sievi, Malcolm Kohler","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad48a9","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad48a9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exhaled breath analysis has emerged as a non-invasive and promising method for early detection of lung cancer, offering a novel approach for diagnosis through the identification of specific biomarkers present in a patient's breath. For this longitudinal study, 29 treatment-naive patients with lung cancer were evaluated before and after surgery. Secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for exhaled breath analysis. Volatile organic compounds with absolute log<sup>2</sup>fold change ⩾1 and<i>q</i>-values ⩾ 0.71 were selected as potentially relevant. Exhaled breath analysis resulted in a total of 3482 features. 515 features showed a substantial difference before and after surgery. The small sample size generated a false positive rate of 0.71, therefore, around 154 of these 515 features were expected to be true changes. Biological identification of the features with the highest consistency (<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>-242.18428 and<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>-117.0539) revealed to potentially be 3-Oxotetradecanoic acid and Indole, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed a primary cluster of patients with a recurrent lung cancer, which remained undetected in the initial diagnostic and surgical procedures. The change of exhaled breath patterns after surgery in lung cancer emphasizes the potential for lung cancer screening and detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of volatile organic compounds sampling from dairy cow exhaled breath using polymer-based solid-phase extraction cartridges for gas chromatographic analysis. 使用聚合物固相萃取盒优化奶牛呼出气体中挥发性有机化合物的采样,以便进行气相色谱分析。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad38d5
Julia Eichinger, Anna-Maria Reiche, Frigga Dohme-Meier, Pascal Fuchsmann

We explored appropriate technical setups for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaled cow breath by comparing six different polymer-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges currently on the market for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening. Exhaled breath was sampled at a single timepoint from five lactating dairy cows using six different SPE cartridges (Bond Elut ENV (ENV); Chromabond HRX (HRX); Chromabond HRP (HRP); Chromabond HLB (HLB); Chromabond HR-XCW (XCW) and Chromabond HR-XAW (XAW)). The trapped VOCs were analyzed by dynamic headspace vacuum in-tube extraction GC-MS (DHS-V-ITEX-GC-MS). Depending on the SPE cartridge, we detected 1174-1312 VOCs per cartridge. Most VOCs were alkenes, alkanes, esters, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, nitriles, ethers, amides, carboxylic acids, alkynes, azoles, terpenes, pyridines, or sulfur-containing compounds. The six SPE cartridges differed in their specificity for the chemical compounds, with the XAW cartridge showing the best specificity for ketones. The greatest differences between the tested SPE cartridges appeared in the detection of specific VOCs. In total, 176 different VOCs were detected with a match factor >80%. The greatest number of specific VOCs was captured by XAW (149), followed by ENV (118), HLB (117), HRP (115), HRX (114), and XCW (114). We conclude that the tested SPE cartridges are suitable for VOC sampling from exhaled cow breath, but the SPE cartridge choice enormously affects the detected chemical groups and the number of detected VOCs. Therefore, an appropriate SPE adsorbent cartridge should be selected according to our proposed inclusion criteria. For targeted metabolomics approaches, the SPE cartridge choice depends on the VOCs or chemical compound groups of interest based on our provided VOC list. For untargeted approaches without information on the animals' metabolic condition, we suggest using multi-sorbent SPE cartridges or multiple cartridges per animal.

通过比较目前市场上用于气相色谱-质谱筛选的六种不同的聚合物固相萃取(SPE)滤芯,我们探索了检测奶牛呼出气体中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的适当技术设置。使用六种不同的固相萃取柱(Bond Elut ENV、Chromabond HRX、Chromabond HRP、Chromabond HLB、Chromabond HR-XCW 和 Chromabond HR-XAW)在单一时间点对五头泌乳奶牛的呼出气体进行采样。捕获的挥发性有机化合物采用动态顶空真空管内萃取气相色谱/质谱法(DHS-V-ITEX-GC-MS)进行分析。根据固相萃取柱的不同,我们在每个柱中检测到了 1174 至 1312 种挥发性有机化合物。大多数挥发性有机化合物是烯、烷、酯、酮、醇、醛、胺、腈、醚、酰胺、羧酸、炔、唑、萜烯、吡啶或含硫化合物。六种固相萃取柱对化合物的特异性各不相同,其中 XAW 柱对酮的特异性最好。在检测特定挥发性有机化合物方面,受测固相萃取柱之间的差异最大。总共检测到 176 种不同的挥发性有机化合物,匹配系数大于 80%。捕获特定挥发性有机化合物最多的是 XAW(149 种),其次是 ENV(118 种)、HLB(117 种)、HRP(115 种)、HRX(114 种)和 XCW(114 种)。我们得出结论:测试的固相萃取柱适用于从呼出的牛口气中进行挥发性有机化合物采样,但固相萃取柱的选择会极大地影响检测到的化学组和检测到的挥发性有机化合物的数量。因此,应根据我们提出的纳入标准选择合适的 SPE 吸附剂盒。对于有针对性的代谢组学方法,固相萃取柱的选择取决于根据我们提供的挥发性有机化合物清单所感兴趣的挥发性有机化合物或化合物组。对于没有动物代谢状况信息的非靶向方法,我们建议使用多吸附剂 SPE 试剂盒或每只动物使用多个试剂盒。
{"title":"Optimization of volatile organic compounds sampling from dairy cow exhaled breath using polymer-based solid-phase extraction cartridges for gas chromatographic analysis.","authors":"Julia Eichinger, Anna-Maria Reiche, Frigga Dohme-Meier, Pascal Fuchsmann","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad38d5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad38d5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explored appropriate technical setups for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaled cow breath by comparing six different polymer-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges currently on the market for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening. Exhaled breath was sampled at a single timepoint from five lactating dairy cows using six different SPE cartridges (Bond Elut ENV (ENV); Chromabond HRX (HRX); Chromabond HRP (HRP); Chromabond HLB (HLB); Chromabond HR-XCW (XCW) and Chromabond HR-XAW (XAW)). The trapped VOCs were analyzed by dynamic headspace vacuum in-tube extraction GC-MS (DHS-V-ITEX-GC-MS). Depending on the SPE cartridge, we detected 1174-1312 VOCs per cartridge. Most VOCs were alkenes, alkanes, esters, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, nitriles, ethers, amides, carboxylic acids, alkynes, azoles, terpenes, pyridines, or sulfur-containing compounds. The six SPE cartridges differed in their specificity for the chemical compounds, with the XAW cartridge showing the best specificity for ketones. The greatest differences between the tested SPE cartridges appeared in the detection of specific VOCs. In total, 176 different VOCs were detected with a match factor >80%. The greatest number of specific VOCs was captured by XAW (149), followed by ENV (118), HLB (117), HRP (115), HRX (114), and XCW (114). We conclude that the tested SPE cartridges are suitable for VOC sampling from exhaled cow breath, but the SPE cartridge choice enormously affects the detected chemical groups and the number of detected VOCs. Therefore, an appropriate SPE adsorbent cartridge should be selected according to our proposed inclusion criteria. For targeted metabolomics approaches, the SPE cartridge choice depends on the VOCs or chemical compound groups of interest based on our provided VOC list. For untargeted approaches without information on the animals' metabolic condition, we suggest using multi-sorbent SPE cartridges or multiple cartridges per animal.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection ofClostridioides difficileinfection by assessment of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds. 通过评估呼出气体中的挥发性有机化合物来检测艰难梭菌感染。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad3572
Teny M John, Nabin K Shrestha, Leen Hasan, Kirk Pappan, Owen Birch, David Grove, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Priyanka Shrestha, Gary W Procop, Raed A Dweik

Clostridioides difficileinfection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infective diarrhea. Current methods for diagnosing CDI have limitations; enzyme immunoassays for toxin have low sensitivity andClostridioides difficilepolymerase chain reaction cannot differentiate infection from colonization. An ideal diagnostic test that incorporates microbial factors, host factors, and host-microbe interaction might characterize true infection. Assessing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath may be a useful test for identifying CDI. To identify a wide selection of VOCs in exhaled breath, we used thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to study breath samples from 17 patients with CDI. Age- and sex-matched patients with diarrhea and negativeC.difficiletesting (no CDI) were used as controls. Of the 65 VOCs tested, 9 were used to build a quadratic discriminant model that showed a final cross-validated accuracy of 74%, a sensitivity of 71%, a specificity of 76%, and a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.72. If these findings are proven by larger studies, breath VOC analysis may be a helpful adjunctive diagnostic test for CDI.

艰难梭菌感染(CDI)是医院感染性腹泻的主要病因。目前诊断 CDI 的方法有其局限性:毒素的酶免疫测定灵敏度低,艰难梭菌 PCR 无法区分感染和定植。结合微生物因素、宿主因素以及宿主与微生物相互作用的理想诊断检测也许能确定真正感染的特征。评估呼出气体中的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)可能是鉴别 CDI 的有用检测方法。为了鉴定呼出气体中的多种挥发性有机化合物,我们使用热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法研究了 17 名 CDI 患者的呼气样本。年龄和性别相匹配的腹泻患者和艰难梭菌检测阴性(无 CDI)患者作为对照组。在测试的 65 种挥发性有机化合物中,9 种被用于建立一个二次判别模型,该模型的最终交叉验证准确率为 74%,灵敏度为 71%,特异性为 76%,曲线下接收器操作特征面积为 0.72。如果这些发现被更大规模的研究证实,呼气 VOC 分析可能会成为 CDI 的辅助诊断测试。
{"title":"Detection of<i>Clostridioides difficile</i>infection by assessment of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds.","authors":"Teny M John, Nabin K Shrestha, Leen Hasan, Kirk Pappan, Owen Birch, David Grove, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Priyanka Shrestha, Gary W Procop, Raed A Dweik","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad3572","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad3572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i>infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infective diarrhea. Current methods for diagnosing CDI have limitations; enzyme immunoassays for toxin have low sensitivity and<i>Clostridioides difficile</i>polymerase chain reaction cannot differentiate infection from colonization. An ideal diagnostic test that incorporates microbial factors, host factors, and host-microbe interaction might characterize true infection. Assessing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath may be a useful test for identifying CDI. To identify a wide selection of VOCs in exhaled breath, we used thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to study breath samples from 17 patients with CDI. Age- and sex-matched patients with diarrhea and negative<i>C.difficile</i>testing (no CDI) were used as controls. Of the 65 VOCs tested, 9 were used to build a quadratic discriminant model that showed a final cross-validated accuracy of 74%, a sensitivity of 71%, a specificity of 76%, and a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.72. If these findings are proven by larger studies, breath VOC analysis may be a helpful adjunctive diagnostic test for CDI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Volatilomic profiles of gastric juice in gastric cancer patients. 胃癌患者胃液的挥发性特征
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad324f
Linda Mezmale, Daria Ślefarska-Wolak, Manohar Prasad Bhandari, Clemens Ager, Viktors Veliks, Veronika Patsko, Andrii Lukashenko, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Diana Noronha Nunes, Thais Fernanda Bartelli, Adriane Graicer Pelosof, Claudia Zitron Sztokfisz, Raúl Murillo, Agnieszka Królicka, Chris A Mayhew, Marcis Leja, Hossam Haick, Pawel Mochalski

Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The main objective of this study was to characterize the volatilomic signatures of gastric juice in order to identify potential alterations induced by gastric cancer. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, coupled with headspace solid phase microextraction as the pre-concentration technique, was used to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by gastric juice samples collected from 78 gastric cancer patients and two cohorts of controls (80 and 96 subjects) from four different locations (Latvia, Ukraine, Brazil, and Colombia). 1440 distinct compounds were identified in samples obtained from patients and 1422 in samples provided by controls. However, only 6% of the VOCs exhibited an incidence higher than 20%. Amongst the volatiles emitted, 18 showed differences in their headspace concentrations above gastric juice of cancer patients and controls. Ten of these (1-propanol, 2,3-butanedione, 2-pentanone, benzeneacetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2-pentyl-furan, 2-ethylhexanal, 2-methylpropanal and phenol) appeared at significantly higher levels in the headspace of the gastric juice samples obtained from patients; whereas, eight species showed lower abundance in patients than found in controls. Given that the difference in the volatilomic signatures can be explained by cancer-related changes in the activity of certain enzymes or pathways, the former set can be considered potential biomarkers for gastric cancer, which may assist in developing non-invasive breath tests for the diagnosis of this disease. Further studies are required to elucidate further the mechanisms that underlie the changes in the volatilomic profile as a result of gastric cancer.

挥发物组学是一种强大的工具,能够为胃癌诊断提供新型生物标记物。本研究的主要目的是描述胃液的挥发性特征,以确定胃癌诱发的潜在变化。研究人员采用气相色谱-质谱检测(GC-MS)技术,结合顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)作为预浓缩技术,鉴定了从四个不同地点(拉脱维亚、乌克兰、巴西和哥伦比亚)收集的 78 名胃癌患者和两组对照组(分别为 80 名和 96 名受试者)的胃液样本中释放的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)。从患者提供的样本中鉴定出了 1440 种不同的化合物,从对照组提供的样本中鉴定出了 1422 种不同的化合物。然而,只有 6% 的挥发性有机化合物的发生率高于 20%。在散发的挥发性物质中,有 18 种物质在癌症患者和对照组的胃液中的顶空浓度存在差异。其中 10 种(1-丙醇、2,3-丁二酮、2-戊酮、苯乙醛、3-甲基丁醛、丁基羟基甲苯、2-戊基呋喃、2-乙基己醛、2-甲基丙醛和苯酚)在患者胃液样本顶空气中的含量明显较高;而 8 种在患者体内的含量低于对照组。鉴于挥发性特征的差异可以用某些酶或途径的活性发生与癌症相关的变化来解释,前一组可被视为胃癌的潜在生物标记物,这可能有助于开发用于诊断这种疾病的非侵入性呼气测试。要进一步阐明胃癌导致挥发物变化的机制,还需要进一步研究。 ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04022109 .
{"title":"Volatilomic profiles of gastric juice in gastric cancer patients.","authors":"Linda Mezmale, Daria Ślefarska-Wolak, Manohar Prasad Bhandari, Clemens Ager, Viktors Veliks, Veronika Patsko, Andrii Lukashenko, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Diana Noronha Nunes, Thais Fernanda Bartelli, Adriane Graicer Pelosof, Claudia Zitron Sztokfisz, Raúl Murillo, Agnieszka Królicka, Chris A Mayhew, Marcis Leja, Hossam Haick, Pawel Mochalski","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad324f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad324f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Volatilomics is a powerful tool capable of providing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The main objective of this study was to characterize the volatilomic signatures of gastric juice in order to identify potential alterations induced by gastric cancer. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, coupled with headspace solid phase microextraction as the pre-concentration technique, was used to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by gastric juice samples collected from 78 gastric cancer patients and two cohorts of controls (80 and 96 subjects) from four different locations (Latvia, Ukraine, Brazil, and Colombia). 1440 distinct compounds were identified in samples obtained from patients and 1422 in samples provided by controls. However, only 6% of the VOCs exhibited an incidence higher than 20%. Amongst the volatiles emitted, 18 showed differences in their headspace concentrations above gastric juice of cancer patients and controls. Ten of these (1-propanol, 2,3-butanedione, 2-pentanone, benzeneacetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2-pentyl-furan, 2-ethylhexanal, 2-methylpropanal and phenol) appeared at significantly higher levels in the headspace of the gastric juice samples obtained from patients; whereas, eight species showed lower abundance in patients than found in controls. Given that the difference in the volatilomic signatures can be explained by cancer-related changes in the activity of certain enzymes or pathways, the former set can be considered potential biomarkers for gastric cancer, which may assist in developing non-invasive breath tests for the diagnosis of this disease. Further studies are required to elucidate further the mechanisms that underlie the changes in the volatilomic profile as a result of gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning enabled detection of COVID-19 pneumonia using exhaled breath analysis: a proof-of-concept study. 利用呼气分析的机器学习功能检测 COVID-19 肺炎:概念验证研究。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad2b6e
Ruth P Cusack, Robyn Larracy, Christian B Morrell, Maral Ranjbar, Jennifer Le Roux, Christiane E Whetstone, Maxime Boudreau, Patrick F Poitras, Thiviya Srinathan, Eric Cheng, Karen Howie, Catie Obminski, Tim O'Shea, Rebecca J Kruisselbrink, Terence Ho, Erik Scheme, Stephen Graham, Gisia Beydaghyan, Gail M Gavreau, MyLinh Duong

Detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) relies on real-time-reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs. The false-negative rate of RT-PCR can be high when viral burden and infection is localized distally in the lower airways and lung parenchyma. An alternate safe, simple and accessible method for sampling the lower airways is needed to aid in the early and rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. In a prospective unblinded observational study, patients admitted with a positive RT-PCR and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled from three hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Healthy individuals or hospitalized patients with negative RT-PCR and without respiratory symptoms were enrolled into the control group. Breath samples were collected and analyzed by laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and classified by machine learning (ML) approaches to identify unique LAS-spectra patterns (breathprints) for SARS-CoV-2. Of the 135 patients enrolled, 115 patients provided analyzable breath samples. Using LAS-breathprints to train ML classifier models resulted in an accuracy of 72.2%-81.7% in differentiating between SARS-CoV2 positive and negative groups. The performance was consistent across subgroups of different age, sex, body mass index, SARS-CoV-2 variants, time of disease onset and oxygen requirement. The overall performance was higher than compared to VOC-trained classifier model, which had an accuracy of 63%-74.7%. This study demonstrates that a ML-based breathprint model using LAS analysis of exhaled breath may be a valuable non-invasive method for studying the lower airways and detecting SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens. The technology and the ML approach can be easily deployed in any setting with minimal training. This will greatly improve access and scalability to meet surge capacity; allow early and rapid detection to inform therapy; and offers great versatility in developing new classifier models quickly for future outbreaks.

背景 严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)的检测依赖于鼻咽拭子上的实时逆转录酶聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)。当病毒负荷和感染位于下呼吸道和肺实质的远端时,RT-PCR 的假阴性率会很高。我们需要一种安全、简单、方便的下呼吸道取样方法,以帮助早期快速诊断 COVID-19 肺炎。健康人或 RT-PCR 阴性且无呼吸道症状的住院患者被纳入对照组。收集的呼吸样本通过激光吸收光谱 (LAS) 分析挥发性有机化合物 (VOC),并通过机器学习 (ML) 方法进行分类,以识别 SARS-CoV-2 的独特 LAS 光谱模式(呼吸样本)。使用 LAS 呼吸指纹训练 ML 分类器模型,在区分 SARS-CoV2 阳性组和阴性组方面的准确率为 72-2-81-7%。在不同年龄、性别、体重指数、SARS-CoV-2 变体、发病时间和需氧量的亚组中,准确率保持一致。总体性能高于 VOC 训练的分类器模型,后者的准确率为 63-74-7%。该技术和 ML 方法只需少量培训即可在任何环境中轻松部署。这将极大地提高可及性和可扩展性,以满足激增的容量;允许早期和快速检测,为治疗提供信息;并为快速开发新的分类器模型以应对未来的爆发提供了极大的通用性。
{"title":"Machine learning enabled detection of COVID-19 pneumonia using exhaled breath analysis: a proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Ruth P Cusack, Robyn Larracy, Christian B Morrell, Maral Ranjbar, Jennifer Le Roux, Christiane E Whetstone, Maxime Boudreau, Patrick F Poitras, Thiviya Srinathan, Eric Cheng, Karen Howie, Catie Obminski, Tim O'Shea, Rebecca J Kruisselbrink, Terence Ho, Erik Scheme, Stephen Graham, Gisia Beydaghyan, Gail M Gavreau, MyLinh Duong","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2b6e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2b6e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) relies on real-time-reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs. The false-negative rate of RT-PCR can be high when viral burden and infection is localized distally in the lower airways and lung parenchyma. An alternate safe, simple and accessible method for sampling the lower airways is needed to aid in the early and rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. In a prospective unblinded observational study, patients admitted with a positive RT-PCR and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled from three hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Healthy individuals or hospitalized patients with negative RT-PCR and without respiratory symptoms were enrolled into the control group. Breath samples were collected and analyzed by laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and classified by machine learning (ML) approaches to identify unique LAS-spectra patterns (breathprints) for SARS-CoV-2. Of the 135 patients enrolled, 115 patients provided analyzable breath samples. Using LAS-breathprints to train ML classifier models resulted in an accuracy of 72.2%-81.7% in differentiating between SARS-CoV2 positive and negative groups. The performance was consistent across subgroups of different age, sex, body mass index, SARS-CoV-2 variants, time of disease onset and oxygen requirement. The overall performance was higher than compared to VOC-trained classifier model, which had an accuracy of 63%-74.7%. This study demonstrates that a ML-based breathprint model using LAS analysis of exhaled breath may be a valuable non-invasive method for studying the lower airways and detecting SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens. The technology and the ML approach can be easily deployed in any setting with minimal training. This will greatly improve access and scalability to meet surge capacity; allow early and rapid detection to inform therapy; and offers great versatility in developing new classifier models quickly for future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139931321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic insights at the finish line: deciphering physiological changes in ultramarathon runners through breath VOC analysis. 终点线上的代谢洞察:通过呼吸挥发性有机化合物分析解读超级马拉松运动员的生理变化。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad23f5
Hsuan Chou, Kayleigh Arthur, Elen Shaw, Chad Schaber, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Eli F Kelley, Glenn M Stewart, Courtney M Wheatley, Jesse Schwartz, Caitlin C Fermoyle, Briana L Ziegler, Kay A Johnson, Paul Robach, Patrick Basset, Bruce D Johnson

Exhaustive exercise can induce unique physiological responses in the lungs and other parts of the human body. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath are ideal for studying the effects of exhaustive exercise on the lungs due to the proximity of the breath matrix to the respiratory tract. As breath VOCs can originate from the bloodstream, changes in abundance should also indicate broader physiological effects of exhaustive exercise on the body. Currently, there is limited published data on the effects of exhaustive exercise on breath VOCs. Breath has great potential for biomarker analysis as it can be collected non-invasively, and capture real-time metabolic changes to better understand the effects of exhaustive exercise. In this study, we collected breath samples from a small group of elite runners participating in the 2019 Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc ultra-marathon. The final analysis included matched paired samples collected before and after the race from 24 subjects. All 48 samples were analyzed using the Breath Biopsy Platform with GC-Orbitrap™ via thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether VOC abundances differed between pre- and post-race breath samples (adjustedP-value < .05). We identified a total of 793 VOCs in the breath samples of elite runners. Of these, 63 showed significant differences between pre- and post-race samples after correction for multiple testing (12 decreased, 51 increased). The specific VOCs identified suggest the involvement of fatty acid oxidation, inflammation, and possible altered gut microbiome activity in response to exhaustive exercise. This study demonstrates significant changes in VOC abundance resulting from exhaustive exercise. Further investigation of VOC changes along with other physiological measurements can help improve our understanding of the effect of exhaustive exercise on the body and subsequent differences in VOCs in exhaled breath.

剧烈运动可在肺部和人体其他部位引起独特的生理反应。呼出气体中的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)非常适合研究剧烈运动对肺部的影响,因为呼出气体的基质非常接近呼吸道。由于呼出气体中的挥发性有机化合物可能来自血液,因此其含量的变化也应能显示疲惫运动对人体产生的更广泛的生理影响。目前,有关剧烈运动对呼吸挥发性有机化合物影响的公开数据还很有限。呼吸具有很大的生物标记分析潜力,因为它可以非侵入性地收集,并捕捉实时的代谢变化,从而更好地了解疲惫运动的影响。在这项研究中,我们收集了一小部分参加 2019 年勃朗峰超级马拉松赛(UTMB)的精英选手的呼吸样本。最终分析包括 24 名受试者在赛前和赛后采集的配对样本。所有 48 份样本均使用带有 GC-Orbitrap™ 的呼吸活检平台,通过热脱附气相色谱-质谱法(TD-GC-MS)进行分析。Wilcoxon 符号秩检验用于确定赛前和赛后呼气样本中挥发性有机化合物丰度是否存在差异(调整后 p < 0.05)。我们在精英选手的呼气样本中总共鉴定出 793 种挥发性有机化合物。其中,63 种挥发性有机化合物在校正多重测试后显示出赛前和赛后样本之间的显著差异(12 种减少,51 种增加)。所发现的特定挥发性有机化合物表明,在剧烈运动时,脂肪酸氧化、炎症和肠道微生物组活动可能会发生改变。这项研究表明,剧烈运动会导致挥发性有机化合物丰度发生重大变化。进一步研究挥发性有机化合物的变化以及其他生理测量指标,有助于我们更好地了解剧烈运动对身体的影响以及呼出气体中挥发性有机化合物的差异。
{"title":"Metabolic insights at the finish line: deciphering physiological changes in ultramarathon runners through breath VOC analysis.","authors":"Hsuan Chou, Kayleigh Arthur, Elen Shaw, Chad Schaber, Billy Boyle, Max Allsworth, Eli F Kelley, Glenn M Stewart, Courtney M Wheatley, Jesse Schwartz, Caitlin C Fermoyle, Briana L Ziegler, Kay A Johnson, Paul Robach, Patrick Basset, Bruce D Johnson","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad23f5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad23f5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exhaustive exercise can induce unique physiological responses in the lungs and other parts of the human body. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath are ideal for studying the effects of exhaustive exercise on the lungs due to the proximity of the breath matrix to the respiratory tract. As breath VOCs can originate from the bloodstream, changes in abundance should also indicate broader physiological effects of exhaustive exercise on the body. Currently, there is limited published data on the effects of exhaustive exercise on breath VOCs. Breath has great potential for biomarker analysis as it can be collected non-invasively, and capture real-time metabolic changes to better understand the effects of exhaustive exercise. In this study, we collected breath samples from a small group of elite runners participating in the 2019 Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc ultra-marathon. The final analysis included matched paired samples collected before and after the race from 24 subjects. All 48 samples were analyzed using the Breath Biopsy Platform with GC-Orbitrap™ via thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether VOC abundances differed between pre- and post-race breath samples (adjusted<i>P</i>-value < .05). We identified a total of 793 VOCs in the breath samples of elite runners. Of these, 63 showed significant differences between pre- and post-race samples after correction for multiple testing (12 decreased, 51 increased). The specific VOCs identified suggest the involvement of fatty acid oxidation, inflammation, and possible altered gut microbiome activity in response to exhaustive exercise. This study demonstrates significant changes in VOC abundance resulting from exhaustive exercise. Further investigation of VOC changes along with other physiological measurements can help improve our understanding of the effect of exhaustive exercise on the body and subsequent differences in VOCs in exhaled breath.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The optimization and comparison of two high-throughput faecal headspace sampling platforms: the microchamber/thermal extractor and hi-capacity sorptive extraction probes (HiSorb). 两种高通量粪便顶空采样平台的优化与比较:微室/热萃取器和高容量吸附萃取探针(HiSorb)。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad2002
Robert van Vorstenbosch, Alex Mommers, Daniëlle Pachen, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Agnieszka Smolinska

Disease detection and monitoring using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is becoming increasingly popular. For a variety of (gastrointestinal) diseases the microbiome should be considered. As its output is to large extent volatile, faecal volatilomics carries great potential. One technical limitation is that current faecal headspace analysis requires specialized instrumentation which is costly and typically does not work in harmony with thermal desorption units often utilized in e.g. exhaled breath studies. This lack of harmonization hinders uptake of such analyses by the Volatilomics community. Therefore, this study optimized and compared two recently harmonized faecal headspace sampling platforms:High-capacity Sorptive extraction (HiSorb) probesand theMicrochamber thermal extractor (Microchamber). Statistical design of experiment was applied to find optimal sampling conditions by maximizing reproducibility, the number of VOCs detected, and between subject variation. To foster general applicability those factors were defined using semi-targeted as well as untargeted metabolic profiles. HiSorb probes were found to result in a faster sampling procedure, higher number of detected VOCs, and higher stability. The headspace collection using the Microchamber resulted in a lower number of detected VOCs, longer sampling times and decreased stability despite a smaller number of interfering VOCs and no background signals. Based on the observed profiles, recommendations are provided on pre-processing and study design when using either one of both platforms. Both can be used to perform faecal headspace collection, but altogether HiSorb is recommended.

使用挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行疾病检测和监测正变得越来越流行。对于各种(胃肠道)疾病,都应考虑微生物组。由于粪便在很大程度上具有挥发性,因此粪便挥发物组学具有很大的潜力。一个技术限制是,目前的粪便顶空分析需要专门的仪器,这种仪器成本高昂,而且通常无法与呼气研究等常用的热脱附装置协调工作。这种不协调阻碍了挥发性有机物组学界对此类分析的接受。因此,本研究对最近统一的两种粪便顶空采样平台进行了优化和比较:高容量吸附萃取(HiSorb)探头和微室热萃取器(Microchamber)。实验统计设计(DOE)通过最大限度地提高重现性、检测到的挥发性有机化合物数量以及受试者之间的差异来找到最佳采样条件。为了提高这些因素的普遍适用性,使用了半靶标和非靶标代谢曲线来定义这些因素。结果发现,HiSorb 探针的采样过程更快,检测到的挥发性有机化合物数量更多,稳定性更高。使用 Microchamber 进行顶空采集,尽管干扰挥发性有机化合物数量较少且无背景信号,但检测到的挥发性有机化合物数量较少,采样时间较长,稳定性较差。根据观察到的情况,我们对使用这两种平台中的任何一种时的预处理和研究设计提出了建议。两种平台都可用于粪便顶空采集,但建议使用 HiSorb 平台。
{"title":"The optimization and comparison of two high-throughput faecal headspace sampling platforms: the microchamber/thermal extractor and hi-capacity sorptive extraction probes (HiSorb).","authors":"Robert van Vorstenbosch, Alex Mommers, Daniëlle Pachen, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Agnieszka Smolinska","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2002","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disease detection and monitoring using volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is becoming increasingly popular. For a variety of (gastrointestinal) diseases the microbiome should be considered. As its output is to large extent volatile, faecal volatilomics carries great potential. One technical limitation is that current faecal headspace analysis requires specialized instrumentation which is costly and typically does not work in harmony with thermal desorption units often utilized in e.g. exhaled breath studies. This lack of harmonization hinders uptake of such analyses by the Volatilomics community. Therefore, this study optimized and compared two recently harmonized faecal headspace sampling platforms:<i>High-capacity Sorptive extraction (HiSorb) probes</i>and the<i>Microchamber thermal extractor (Microchamber)</i>. Statistical design of experiment was applied to find optimal sampling conditions by maximizing reproducibility, the number of VOCs detected, and between subject variation. To foster general applicability those factors were defined using semi-targeted as well as untargeted metabolic profiles. HiSorb probes were found to result in a faster sampling procedure, higher number of detected VOCs, and higher stability. The headspace collection using the Microchamber resulted in a lower number of detected VOCs, longer sampling times and decreased stability despite a smaller number of interfering VOCs and no background signals. Based on the observed profiles, recommendations are provided on pre-processing and study design when using either one of both platforms. Both can be used to perform faecal headspace collection, but altogether HiSorb is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation: a prospective cohort study. 功能性便秘诱发口外口臭的特征:一项前瞻性队列研究。
IF 3.8 4区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad2213
Xiao Xian Qian

Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation (FC) have never been revealed. To address this, this prospective cohort was conducted with 100 FC patients, who were divided into a halitosis group and a negative group. Organoleptic score (OLS) ⩾ 2 in nose breath was diagnosed as extra-oral halitosis. Concentration of overall volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by Halimeter, concentration of hydrogen sulfide (HS), methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and their total amount measured by OralChroma in nose breath was recorded asC-VSC,C-HS,C-MT,C-DMS andC-sum respectively. We found that 82% (82/100) of the FC patients had extra-oral halitosis. However, only 12.5% (3/82) and 1.22% (1/82) of halitosis group were correctly diagnosed with the current diagnostic threshold ofC-VSC ⩾ 110 parts per billion (ppb) and ⩾150 ppb.C-VSC,C-DMS andC-sum were significantly higher in the halitosis group compared to the negative group (allP< 0.001), with ratios of about 2.2 times, 3.1 times and 2.1 times respectively.C-HS andC-MT were low and not significantly different between the groups. Positive correlations were observed among OLS,C-VSC,C-DMS andC-sum. The area under curve of receiver operating characteristics ofC-VSC, C-DMS andC-sum for predicting FC-induced halitosis was 0.909, 0.9073 and 0.962 respectively, with the threshold values of ⩾36 ppb, ⩾52 ppb and ⩾75 ppb respectively. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) DMS is the primary contributor to FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (2) OLS, Halimeter and OralChroma are consistent in detecting FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (3) The diagnostic threshold for Halimeter should be adjusted toC-VSC ⩾ 36 ppb and the diagnostic threshold for OralChroma should be set asC-DMS ⩾ 52 ppb for diagnosing FC-induced extra-oral halitosis.

由功能性便秘(FC)引起的口外口臭的特征从未被揭示过。为了解决这个问题,我们对 100 名功能性便秘患者进行了前瞻性队列研究,并将他们分为口臭组和阴性组。鼻呼气的感官评分(OLS)≥ 2 分被诊断为口外口臭。用 Halimeter 测量鼻口气中总挥发性硫化合物(VSCs)的浓度,用 OralChroma 测量鼻口气中硫化氢(HS)、甲硫醇(MT)、二甲基硫醚(DMS)的浓度及其总量,分别记为 C-VSC、C-HS、C-MT、C-DMS 和 C-sum。我们发现,82%(82/100)的 FC 患者有口外口臭。然而,在口臭组中,只有 12.5%(3/82)和 1.22%(1/82)的患者能按照目前的诊断阈值(C-VSC ≥ 110 ppb 和 ≥ 150 ppb)得到正确诊断。与阴性组相比,口臭组的 C-VSC、C-DMS 和 C-sum 明显较高(均 P <0.001),比率分别约为 2.2 倍、3.1 倍和 2.1 倍。C-HS和C-MT较低,组间差异不明显。OLS、C-VSC、C-DMS 和 C-sum 之间呈正相关。C-VSC、C-DMS 和 C-sum 预测 FC 引起的口臭的接收器操作特征曲线下面积(ROC)分别为 0.909、0.9073 和 0.962,阈值分别为≥ 36 ppb、≥ 52 ppb 和≥ 75 ppb。因此,我们得出以下结论(1) DMS 是 FC 引起口外口臭的主要因素。(2)OLS、Halimeter 和 OralChroma 在检测 FC 引起的口外口臭方面具有一致性。(3)在诊断 FC 引起的口外口臭时,Halimeter 的诊断阈值应调整为 C-VSC ≥ 36 ppb,OralChroma 的诊断阈值应设定为 C-DMS ≥ 52 ppb。
{"title":"Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Xiao Xian Qian","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2213","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad2213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Characteristics of extra-oral halitosis induced by functional constipation (FC) have never been revealed. To address this, this prospective cohort was conducted with 100 FC patients, who were divided into a halitosis group and a negative group. Organoleptic score (OLS) ⩾ 2 in nose breath was diagnosed as extra-oral halitosis. Concentration of overall volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) measured by Halimeter, concentration of hydrogen sulfide (HS), methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and their total amount measured by OralChroma in nose breath was recorded as<i>C</i>-VSC,<i>C</i>-HS,<i>C</i>-MT,<i>C</i>-DMS and<i>C</i>-sum respectively. We found that 82% (82/100) of the FC patients had extra-oral halitosis. However, only 12.5% (3/82) and 1.22% (1/82) of halitosis group were correctly diagnosed with the current diagnostic threshold of<i>C</i>-VSC ⩾ 110 parts per billion (ppb) and ⩾150 ppb.<i>C</i>-VSC,<i>C</i>-DMS and<i>C</i>-sum were significantly higher in the halitosis group compared to the negative group (all<i>P</i>< 0.001), with ratios of about 2.2 times, 3.1 times and 2.1 times respectively.<i>C</i>-HS and<i>C</i>-MT were low and not significantly different between the groups. Positive correlations were observed among OLS,<i>C</i>-VSC,<i>C</i>-DMS and<i>C</i>-sum. The area under curve of receiver operating characteristics of<i>C</i>-VSC<i>, C</i>-DMS and<i>C</i>-sum for predicting FC-induced halitosis was 0.909, 0.9073 and 0.962 respectively, with the threshold values of ⩾36 ppb, ⩾52 ppb and ⩾75 ppb respectively. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) DMS is the primary contributor to FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (2) OLS, Halimeter and OralChroma are consistent in detecting FC-induced extra-oral halitosis. (3) The diagnostic threshold for Halimeter should be adjusted to<i>C</i>-VSC ⩾ 36 ppb and the diagnostic threshold for OralChroma should be set as<i>C</i>-DMS ⩾ 52 ppb for diagnosing FC-induced extra-oral halitosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of breath research
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1