Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad10e1
Rosa A Sola-Martínez, Jiafa Zeng, Mo Awchi, Amanda Gisler, Kim Arnold, Kapil Dev Singh, Urs Frey, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente, Pablo Sinues
Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) is an established technique in the field of breath analysis characterized by its short analysis time, as well as high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. Traditionally, SESI-HRMS has been used for real-time breath analysis, which requires subjects to be at the location of the analytical platform. Therefore, it limits the possibilities for an introduction of this methodology in day-to-day clinical practice. However, recent methodological developments have shown feasibility on the remote sampling of exhaled breath in Nalophan® bags prior to measurement using SESI-HRMS. To further explore the range of applications of this method, we conducted a proof-of-concept study to assess the impact of the storage time of exhaled breath in Nalophan® bags at different temperatures (room temperature and dry ice) on the relative intensities of the compounds. In addition, we performed a detailed study of the storage effect of 27 aldehydes related to oxidative stress. After 2 h of storage, the mean of intensity of allm/zsignals relative to the samples analyzed without prior storage remained above 80% at both room temperature and dry ice. For the 27 aldehydes, the mean relative intensity losses were lower than 20% at 24 h of storage, remaining practically stable since the first hour of storage following sample collection. Furthermore, the mean relative intensity of most aldehydes in samples stored at room temperature was higher than those stored in dry ice, which could be related to water vapor condensation issues. These findings indicate that the exhaled breath samples could be preserved for hours with a low percentage of mean relative intensity loss, thereby allowing more flexibility in the logistics of off-line SESI-HRMS studies.
{"title":"Preservation of exhaled breath samples for analysis by off-line SESI-HRMS: proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Rosa A Sola-Martínez, Jiafa Zeng, Mo Awchi, Amanda Gisler, Kim Arnold, Kapil Dev Singh, Urs Frey, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente, Pablo Sinues","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad10e1","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad10e1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) is an established technique in the field of breath analysis characterized by its short analysis time, as well as high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. Traditionally, SESI-HRMS has been used for real-time breath analysis, which requires subjects to be at the location of the analytical platform. Therefore, it limits the possibilities for an introduction of this methodology in day-to-day clinical practice. However, recent methodological developments have shown feasibility on the remote sampling of exhaled breath in Nalophan® bags prior to measurement using SESI-HRMS. To further explore the range of applications of this method, we conducted a proof-of-concept study to assess the impact of the storage time of exhaled breath in Nalophan® bags at different temperatures (room temperature and dry ice) on the relative intensities of the compounds. In addition, we performed a detailed study of the storage effect of 27 aldehydes related to oxidative stress. After 2 h of storage, the mean of intensity of all<i>m/z</i>signals relative to the samples analyzed without prior storage remained above 80% at both room temperature and dry ice. For the 27 aldehydes, the mean relative intensity losses were lower than 20% at 24 h of storage, remaining practically stable since the first hour of storage following sample collection. Furthermore, the mean relative intensity of most aldehydes in samples stored at room temperature was higher than those stored in dry ice, which could be related to water vapor condensation issues. These findings indicate that the exhaled breath samples could be preserved for hours with a low percentage of mean relative intensity loss, thereby allowing more flexibility in the logistics of off-line SESI-HRMS studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138460137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad10f9
Nils Oskar Jõgi, Karin Ersson, Kjell Alving, Christina Krantz, Andrei Malinovschi
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic respiratory disease characterized by chronic cough, recurrent respiratory infections, and rhinosinusitis. The measurement of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) against resistance has been suggested as a sensitive screening method. However, current recommendations argue for the use of expensive, chemiluminescence devices to measure nNO. This study aimed to compare nNO measurement using three different devices in distinguishing PCD patients from healthy controls and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to evaluate their diagnostic precision. The study included 16 controls, 16 PCD patients, and 12 CF patients matched for age and sex. nNO measurements were performed using a chemiluminescence device (Eco Medics CLD 88sp), and two devices based on electrochemical sensors (Medisoft FeNO+ and NIOX Vero) following standardized guidelines. Correlation estimation, Bland–Altman, ROC curve, and one-way ANOVA were used to assess device differences and diagnostic performance. Significantly lower nNO output values were observed in PCD and CF patients compared to controls during exhalation against resistance. The correlation analysis showed high agreement among the three devices. ROC curve analysis demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity at different cut-off values for all devices in distinguishing PCD patients from controls (optimal cut-offs: EcoMedics 73, Medisoft 92 and NIOX 87 (nl min−1 )). Higher nNO output values were obtained with the Medisoft and NIOX devices as compared to the EcoMedics device, with a bias of−19 nl min−1 (95% CI: −73–35) and −21 nl min−1 (−73–31) accordingly. These findings indicate that all three tested devices can potentially serve as diagnostic tools for PCD if device specific cut-off values are used. This last-mentioned aspect warrants further studies and consideration in defining optimal cut-offs for individual device.
{"title":"Device comparison study to measure nasal nitric oxide in relation to primary ciliary dyskinesia","authors":"Nils Oskar Jõgi, Karin Ersson, Kjell Alving, Christina Krantz, Andrei Malinovschi","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad10f9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/ad10f9","url":null,"abstract":"Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic respiratory disease characterized by chronic cough, recurrent respiratory infections, and rhinosinusitis. The measurement of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) against resistance has been suggested as a sensitive screening method. However, current recommendations argue for the use of expensive, chemiluminescence devices to measure nNO. This study aimed to compare nNO measurement using three different devices in distinguishing PCD patients from healthy controls and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to evaluate their diagnostic precision. The study included 16 controls, 16 PCD patients, and 12 CF patients matched for age and sex. nNO measurements were performed using a chemiluminescence device (Eco Medics CLD 88sp), and two devices based on electrochemical sensors (Medisoft FeNO+ and NIOX Vero) following standardized guidelines. Correlation estimation, Bland–Altman, ROC curve, and one-way ANOVA were used to assess device differences and diagnostic performance. Significantly lower nNO output values were observed in PCD and CF patients compared to controls during exhalation against resistance. The correlation analysis showed high agreement among the three devices. ROC curve analysis demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity at different cut-off values for all devices in distinguishing PCD patients from controls (optimal cut-offs: EcoMedics 73, Medisoft 92 and NIOX 87 (nl min<sup>−1</sup> )). Higher nNO output values were obtained with the Medisoft and NIOX devices as compared to the EcoMedics device, with a bias of−19 nl min<sup>−1</sup> (95% CI: −73–35) and −21 nl min<sup>−1</sup> (−73–31) accordingly. These findings indicate that all three tested devices can potentially serve as diagnostic tools for PCD if device specific cut-off values are used. This last-mentioned aspect warrants further studies and consideration in defining optimal cut-offs for individual device.","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138688836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad108e
Joachim Pleil, Michael D Davis
{"title":"Breath Summit 2024: International CONGRESS FOR BREATH RESEARCH.","authors":"Joachim Pleil, Michael D Davis","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad108e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad108e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138477833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad0aaa
Inger Lise Gade, Signe Juul Riddersholm, Thomas Stilling-Vinther, Rasmus Froberg Brøndum, Tue Bjerg Bennike, Bent Honoré
Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be a diagnostic challenge. Current diagnostic markers for PE are unspecific and new diagnostic tools are needed. The air we exhale is a possible new source for biomarkers which can be tapped into by analysing the exhaled breath condensate (EBC). We analysed the EBC from patients with PE and controls to investigate if the EBC is a useful source for new diagnostic biomarkers of PE. We collected and analysed EBC samples from patients with suspected PE and controls matched on age and sex. Patients in whom PE was ruled out after diagnostic work-up were included in the control group to increase the sensitivity and generalizability of the identified markers. EBC samples were collected using an RTube™. The protein composition of the EBCs were analysed using data dependent label-free quantitative nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. EBC samples from 28 patients with confirmed PE, and 49 controls were analysed. A total of 928 EBC proteins were identified in the 77 EBC samples. As expected, a low protein concentration was determined which resulted in many proteins with unmeasurable levels in several samples. The levels of HSPA5, PEBP1 and SFTPA2 were higher and levels of POF1B, EPPK1, PSMA4, ALDOA, and CFL1 were lower in PE compared with controls. In conclusion, the human EBC contained a variety of endogenous proteins and may be a source for new diagnostic markers of PE and other diseases.
{"title":"A clinical proteomics study of exhaled breath condensate and biomarkers for pulmonary embolism.","authors":"Inger Lise Gade, Signe Juul Riddersholm, Thomas Stilling-Vinther, Rasmus Froberg Brøndum, Tue Bjerg Bennike, Bent Honoré","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0aaa","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0aaa","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be a diagnostic challenge. Current diagnostic markers for PE are unspecific and new diagnostic tools are needed. The air we exhale is a possible new source for biomarkers which can be tapped into by analysing the exhaled breath condensate (EBC). We analysed the EBC from patients with PE and controls to investigate if the EBC is a useful source for new diagnostic biomarkers of PE. We collected and analysed EBC samples from patients with suspected PE and controls matched on age and sex. Patients in whom PE was ruled out after diagnostic work-up were included in the control group to increase the sensitivity and generalizability of the identified markers. EBC samples were collected using an RTube™. The protein composition of the EBCs were analysed using data dependent label-free quantitative nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. EBC samples from 28 patients with confirmed PE, and 49 controls were analysed. A total of 928 EBC proteins were identified in the 77 EBC samples. As expected, a low protein concentration was determined which resulted in many proteins with unmeasurable levels in several samples. The levels of HSPA5, PEBP1 and SFTPA2 were higher and levels of POF1B, EPPK1, PSMA4, ALDOA, and CFL1 were lower in PE compared with controls. In conclusion, the human EBC contained a variety of endogenous proteins and may be a source for new diagnostic markers of PE and other diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad08ce
Camille Roquencourt, Elodie Lamy, Emmanuelle Bardin, Philippe Devillier, Stanislas Grassin-Delyle
Volatilomics is the branch of metabolomics dedicated to the analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for medical diagnostic or therapeutic monitoring purposes. Real-time mass spectrometry (MS) technologies such as proton transfer reaction (PTR) MS are commonly used, and data normalisation is an important step to discard unwanted variation from non-biological sources, as batch effects and loss of sensitivity over time may be observed. As normalisation methods for real-time breath analysis have been poorly investigated, we aimed to benchmark known metabolomic data normalisation methods and apply them to PTR-MS data analysis. We compared seven normalisation methods, five statistically based and two using multiple standard metabolites, on two datasets from clinical trials for COVID-19 diagnosis in patients from the emergency department or intensive care unit. We evaluated different means of feature selection to select the standard metabolites, as well as the use of multiple repeat measurements of ambient air to train the normalisation methods. We show that the normalisation tools can correct for time-dependent drift. The methods that provided the best corrections for both cohorts were probabilistic quotient normalisation and normalisation using optimal selection of multiple internal standards. Normalisation also improved the diagnostic performance of the machine learning models, significantly increasing sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Our results highlight the importance of adding an appropriate normalisation step during the processing of PTR-MS data, which allows significant improvements in the predictive performance of statistical models.Clinical trials: VOC-COVID-Diag (EudraCT 2020-A02682-37); RECORDS trial (EudraCT 2020-000296-21).
{"title":"A benchmark study of data normalisation methods for PTR-TOF-MS exhaled breath metabolomics.","authors":"Camille Roquencourt, Elodie Lamy, Emmanuelle Bardin, Philippe Devillier, Stanislas Grassin-Delyle","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad08ce","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad08ce","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Volatilomics is the branch of metabolomics dedicated to the analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for medical diagnostic or therapeutic monitoring purposes. Real-time mass spectrometry (MS) technologies such as proton transfer reaction (PTR) MS are commonly used, and data normalisation is an important step to discard unwanted variation from non-biological sources, as batch effects and loss of sensitivity over time may be observed. As normalisation methods for real-time breath analysis have been poorly investigated, we aimed to benchmark known metabolomic data normalisation methods and apply them to PTR-MS data analysis. We compared seven normalisation methods, five statistically based and two using multiple standard metabolites, on two datasets from clinical trials for COVID-19 diagnosis in patients from the emergency department or intensive care unit. We evaluated different means of feature selection to select the standard metabolites, as well as the use of multiple repeat measurements of ambient air to train the normalisation methods. We show that the normalisation tools can correct for time-dependent drift. The methods that provided the best corrections for both cohorts were probabilistic quotient normalisation and normalisation using optimal selection of multiple internal standards. Normalisation also improved the diagnostic performance of the machine learning models, significantly increasing sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Our results highlight the importance of adding an appropriate normalisation step during the processing of PTR-MS data, which allows significant improvements in the predictive performance of statistical models.<b>Clinical trials</b>: VOC-COVID-Diag (EudraCT 2020-A02682-37); RECORDS trial (EudraCT 2020-000296-21).</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71423955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad02b5
Ozge Yilmaz, Seda Tunca, Adem Yasar, Merve Ocalan, Fatma Taneli, Hasan Yuksel
Allergy is a systemic inflammation; therefore, although the allergic symptom may be seen in a specific organ system, the effects of this inflammation may be seen in other organs. interleukin (IL) IL4, IL5 and IL13 are the major Th2 cytokines and e-cadherin is an epithelial barrier protein. The objective of this research was to assess indicators of inflammation specific to Th2 responses and proteins related to the protective barrier of the airway's inner lining. These assessments were conducted using exhaled breath condensate (EBC), which provides insights into peripheral airway conditions of children suffering from food allergies. The study had 24 patients with food allergy and 24 control individuals younger than three years of age with no history of food reaction. The diagnosis of food allergy was based on food allergen-specific IgE and skin prick test positivity in our clinic and oral food testing in selected cases. EBC samples were obtained by Ecoscreen (Jaegar, Hoechberg, Germany). IL4, IL5, IL13 and E-cadherin levels were measured in these samples by enzyme linked immunoassay. The group of children with food allergies, consisting mainly of 14 girls, had a median age of 16 months, whereas the control group, which included 11 girls, had a median age of 15 months (p= 0.89). Comparing the two groups, children with food allergies exhibited notably lower levels of IL-13 in the EBC compared to the control group (median values of 59.14 and 76.36, respectively,p= 0.02). Conversely, the concentration of IL-4 in the EBC was significantly higher in children with food allergies (median values of 1.94 and 1.29, respectively,p= 0.003). However, the levels of IL-5 and e-cadherin showed no significant differences between the two groups (withp-values of 0.74 and 0.09, respectively) as shown in table1. High level of IL-4 despite the low level of IL-13 in the EBC of children having food allergy may be indicative of an early inflammatory phase that is not yet in the effector phase. Studies about the evolution of this process later in life are needed to assess the role of airway inflammation in children with food allergy who develop asthma.
{"title":"Inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate in nonasthmatic children with food allergy.","authors":"Ozge Yilmaz, Seda Tunca, Adem Yasar, Merve Ocalan, Fatma Taneli, Hasan Yuksel","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad02b5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad02b5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergy is a systemic inflammation; therefore, although the allergic symptom may be seen in a specific organ system, the effects of this inflammation may be seen in other organs. interleukin (IL) IL4, IL5 and IL13 are the major Th2 cytokines and e-cadherin is an epithelial barrier protein. The objective of this research was to assess indicators of inflammation specific to Th2 responses and proteins related to the protective barrier of the airway's inner lining. These assessments were conducted using exhaled breath condensate (EBC), which provides insights into peripheral airway conditions of children suffering from food allergies. The study had 24 patients with food allergy and 24 control individuals younger than three years of age with no history of food reaction. The diagnosis of food allergy was based on food allergen-specific IgE and skin prick test positivity in our clinic and oral food testing in selected cases. EBC samples were obtained by Ecoscreen (Jaegar, Hoechberg, Germany). IL4, IL5, IL13 and E-cadherin levels were measured in these samples by enzyme linked immunoassay. The group of children with food allergies, consisting mainly of 14 girls, had a median age of 16 months, whereas the control group, which included 11 girls, had a median age of 15 months (<i>p</i>= 0.89). Comparing the two groups, children with food allergies exhibited notably lower levels of IL-13 in the EBC compared to the control group (median values of 59.14 and 76.36, respectively,<i>p</i>= 0.02). Conversely, the concentration of IL-4 in the EBC was significantly higher in children with food allergies (median values of 1.94 and 1.29, respectively,<i>p</i>= 0.003). However, the levels of IL-5 and e-cadherin showed no significant differences between the two groups (with<i>p</i>-values of 0.74 and 0.09, respectively) as shown in table1. High level of IL-4 despite the low level of IL-13 in the EBC of children having food allergy may be indicative of an early inflammatory phase that is not yet in the effector phase. Studies about the evolution of this process later in life are needed to assess the role of airway inflammation in children with food allergy who develop asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41202128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad0647
Glívia Maria Barros Delmondes, Nathália Ferreira Santos Couto, Murilo Gominho Antunes Correia Junior, Amanda Bezerra da Silva Bonifácio, Ricardo de Freitas Dias, Jorge Bezerra, Marcos André de Moura Santos, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Emília Chagas Costa, Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Junior
Pulmonary function is usually assessed by measuring Vital Capacity (VC) using equipment such as a spirometer or ventilometer, but these are not always available to the population, as they are relatively expensive tests, difficult to transport and require trained professionals. However, the single breath counting technique (SBCT) appears as a possible alternative to respiratory function tests, to help in the pathophysiological understanding of lung diseases. The objective is to verify the applicability of the SBCT as a parameter for evaluating VC. This is a systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023383706) and used for PubMed®, Scientific Electronic Library Online, LILACS, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases of articles published until January 2023. Methodological quality regarding the risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 and National Institutes of Health tools. Eleven of a total of 574 studies were included, of these, nine showed a correlation between VC and SBCT (weak in healthy, moderate in neuromuscular and strong in hospitalized patients). One study of hospitalized patients accurately identified a count value of 21 for a VC of 20 ml kg-1(Sensitivity = 94% and Specificity = 77%), and another estimated a count lower than 41 for a VC below 80% of predicted in patients with neuromuscular dystrophy (Sensitivity = 89% and Specificity = 62%), and another showed good intra and inter-examiner reproducibility in young, adult, and elderly populations. A meta-analysis of three studies showed a moderate correlation in subjects with neuromuscular diseases (r= 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52-0.71,p< 0.01). A high risk of bias was identified regarding the justification of the sample size and blinding of the evaluators. SBCT has been presented as an alternative to assess VC in the absence of specific equipment. There is a clear relationship between SBCT and VC, especially in neuromuscular and hospitalized individuals. New validation studies conducted with greater control of potential bias risks are necessary.
肺功能通常通过使用肺活量计或肺活量表等设备测量肺活量(VC)来评估,但这些设备并不总是适用于人群,因为它们是相对昂贵的测试,难以运输,并且需要训练有素的专业人员。然而,单次呼吸计数技术(SBCT)似乎是呼吸功能测试的一种可能的替代方法,有助于对肺部疾病的病理生理学理解。目的是验证SBCT作为评估VC参数的适用性。这是一项在国际前瞻性系统评价登记册(CRD42023383706)中注册的系统评价,用于PubMed®、SciELO、LILACS、EMBASE和Web of Science数据库中截至2023年1月发表的文章。使用QUADAS-2和NIH工具评估关于偏倚风险的方法学质量。共纳入574项研究中的11项,其中9项显示VC和SBCT之间存在相关性(健康患者较弱,神经肌肉患者中等,住院患者较强)。一项针对住院患者的研究准确地确定了20ml/kg VC的计数值为21(敏感性=94%,特异性=77%),另一项估计神经肌肉营养不良患者中VC低于预测值80%的计数值低于41(敏感性=89%,特异性=62%),而另一项研究在年轻、成年和老年人群中显示出良好的检查者内和检查者间再现性。一项对三项研究的荟萃分析显示,患有神经肌肉疾病的受试者之间存在中度相关性(r=0.62,95%CI=0.52-0.71,p
{"title":"Single breath counting technique to assess pulmonary function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Glívia Maria Barros Delmondes, Nathália Ferreira Santos Couto, Murilo Gominho Antunes Correia Junior, Amanda Bezerra da Silva Bonifácio, Ricardo de Freitas Dias, Jorge Bezerra, Marcos André de Moura Santos, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Emília Chagas Costa, Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Junior","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0647","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary function is usually assessed by measuring Vital Capacity (VC) using equipment such as a spirometer or ventilometer, but these are not always available to the population, as they are relatively expensive tests, difficult to transport and require trained professionals. However, the single breath counting technique (SBCT) appears as a possible alternative to respiratory function tests, to help in the pathophysiological understanding of lung diseases. The objective is to verify the applicability of the SBCT as a parameter for evaluating VC. This is a systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023383706) and used for PubMed<sup>®</sup>, Scientific Electronic Library Online, LILACS, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases of articles published until January 2023. Methodological quality regarding the risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 and National Institutes of Health tools. Eleven of a total of 574 studies were included, of these, nine showed a correlation between VC and SBCT (weak in healthy, moderate in neuromuscular and strong in hospitalized patients). One study of hospitalized patients accurately identified a count value of 21 for a VC of 20 ml kg<sup>-1</sup>(Sensitivity = 94% and Specificity = 77%), and another estimated a count lower than 41 for a VC below 80% of predicted in patients with neuromuscular dystrophy (Sensitivity = 89% and Specificity = 62%), and another showed good intra and inter-examiner reproducibility in young, adult, and elderly populations. A meta-analysis of three studies showed a moderate correlation in subjects with neuromuscular diseases (<i>r</i>= 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52-0.71,<i>p</i>< 0.01). A high risk of bias was identified regarding the justification of the sample size and blinding of the evaluators. SBCT has been presented as an alternative to assess VC in the absence of specific equipment. There is a clear relationship between SBCT and VC, especially in neuromuscular and hospitalized individuals. New validation studies conducted with greater control of potential bias risks are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad0646
Saurin R Sutaria, James D Morris, Zhenzhen Xie, Elizabeth A Cooke, Shavonne M Silvers, Grace A Long, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie W Parrish, Holly Aliesky, Forest W Arnold, Jiapeng Huang, Xiao-An Fu, Michael H Nantz
A 23-subject feasibility study is reported to assess how UV absorbance measurements on exhaled breath samples collected from silicon microreactors can be used to detect COVID-19. The silicon microreactor technology chemoselectively preconcentrates exhaled carbonyl volatile organic compounds and subsequent methanol elution provides samples for analysis. The underlying scientific rationale that viral infection will induce an increase in exhaled carbonyls appears to be supported by the results of the feasibility study. The data indicate statistically significant differences in measured UV absorbance values between healthy and symptomatic COVID-19 positive subjects in the wavelength range from 235 nm to 305 nm. Factors such as subject age were noted as potential confounding variables.
{"title":"A feasibility study on exhaled breath analysis using UV spectroscopy to detect COVID-19.","authors":"Saurin R Sutaria, James D Morris, Zhenzhen Xie, Elizabeth A Cooke, Shavonne M Silvers, Grace A Long, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Leslie W Parrish, Holly Aliesky, Forest W Arnold, Jiapeng Huang, Xiao-An Fu, Michael H Nantz","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0646","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/ad0646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 23-subject feasibility study is reported to assess how UV absorbance measurements on exhaled breath samples collected from silicon microreactors can be used to detect COVID-19. The silicon microreactor technology chemoselectively preconcentrates exhaled carbonyl volatile organic compounds and subsequent methanol elution provides samples for analysis. The underlying scientific rationale that viral infection will induce an increase in exhaled carbonyls appears to be supported by the results of the feasibility study. The data indicate statistically significant differences in measured UV absorbance values between healthy and symptomatic COVID-19 positive subjects in the wavelength range from 235 nm to 305 nm. Factors such as subject age were noted as potential confounding variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10620812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acff7d
Anil S Modak
{"title":"Why have only a handful of breath tests made the transition from R&D to clinical practice?","authors":"Anil S Modak","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/acff7d","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/acff7d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41235679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acf23e
Pedram Shahrokny, Nicole Maison, Lennart Riemann, Maximilian Ehrmann, David DeLuca, Sven Schuchardt, Dominik Thiele, Markus Weckmann, Anna-Maria Dittrich, Bianca Schaub, Folke Brinkmann, Gesine Hansen, Matthias Kopp, Erika von Mutius, Klaus Rabe, Thomas Bahmer, Jens Hohlfeld, Ruth Grychtol, Olaf Holz
Exhaled breath contains numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) known to be related to lung disease like asthma. Its collection is non-invasive, simple to perform and therefore an attractive method for the use even in young children. We analysed breath in children of the multicenter All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE) to evaluate if 'breathomics' have the potential to phenotype patients with asthma and wheeze, and to identify extrinsic risk factors for underlying disease mechanisms. A breath sample was collected from 142 children (asthma: 51, pre-school wheezers: 55, healthy controls: 36) and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Children were diagnosed according to Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines and comprehensively examined each year over up to seven years. Forty children repeated the breath collection after 24 or 48 months. Most breath VOCs differing between groups reflect the exposome of the children. We observed lower levels of lifestyle-related VOCs and higher levels of the environmental pollutants, especially naphthalene, in children with asthma or wheeze. Naphthalene was also higher in symptomatic patients and in wheezers with recent inhaled corticosteroid use. No relationships with lung function or TH2 inflammation were detected. Increased levels of naphthalene in asthmatics and wheezers and the relationship to disease severity could indicate a role of environmental or indoor air pollution for the development or progress of asthma. Breath VOCs might help to elucidate the role of the exposome for the development of asthma. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02496468).
{"title":"Increased breath naphthalene in children with asthma and wheeze of the All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE).","authors":"Pedram Shahrokny, Nicole Maison, Lennart Riemann, Maximilian Ehrmann, David DeLuca, Sven Schuchardt, Dominik Thiele, Markus Weckmann, Anna-Maria Dittrich, Bianca Schaub, Folke Brinkmann, Gesine Hansen, Matthias Kopp, Erika von Mutius, Klaus Rabe, Thomas Bahmer, Jens Hohlfeld, Ruth Grychtol, Olaf Holz","doi":"10.1088/1752-7163/acf23e","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1752-7163/acf23e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exhaled breath contains numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) known to be related to lung disease like asthma. Its collection is non-invasive, simple to perform and therefore an attractive method for the use even in young children. We analysed breath in children of the multicenter All Age Asthma Cohort (ALLIANCE) to evaluate if 'breathomics' have the potential to phenotype patients with asthma and wheeze, and to identify extrinsic risk factors for underlying disease mechanisms. A breath sample was collected from 142 children (asthma: 51, pre-school wheezers: 55, healthy controls: 36) and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Children were diagnosed according to Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines and comprehensively examined each year over up to seven years. Forty children repeated the breath collection after 24 or 48 months. Most breath VOCs differing between groups reflect the exposome of the children. We observed lower levels of lifestyle-related VOCs and higher levels of the environmental pollutants, especially naphthalene, in children with asthma or wheeze. Naphthalene was also higher in symptomatic patients and in wheezers with recent inhaled corticosteroid use. No relationships with lung function or TH2 inflammation were detected. Increased levels of naphthalene in asthmatics and wheezers and the relationship to disease severity could indicate a role of environmental or indoor air pollution for the development or progress of asthma. Breath VOCs might help to elucidate the role of the exposome for the development of asthma. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02496468).</p>","PeriodicalId":15306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of breath research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10413949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}