Journal of Clinical Periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Decision-making on systemic antibiotics in the management of periodontitis: A retrospective comparison of two concepts","authors":"Patrizia C. Winkler,&nbsp;Leander Benz,&nbsp;Katrin Nickles,&nbsp;Hari C. Petsos,&nbsp;Peter Eickholz,&nbsp;Bettina Dannewitz","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To retrospectively compare two approaches for the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics in non-surgical periodontal therapy: one based on the detection of <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (Aa) and the other on age and severity of periodontitis (Age &amp; PPD). We also assessed the additional benefit of antibiotics in reducing the need for further surgical therapy in each group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients of the Department of Periodontology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, were screened for microbiological testing between 2008 and 2018. Patients were categorized by their microbiological result (Aa+/−) and demographic/clinical data (Age &amp; PPD+/−). Agreement on antibiotic indication was tested. The clinical evaluation focussed on teeth with probing pocket depths (PPDs) ≥ 6 mm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of 425 patients revealed 30% categorized as Age &amp; PPD+ and 34% as Aa+. Sixty-three percent had consistent antibiotic recommendations (phi coefficient 0.14, <i>p</i> = .004). Patients in the Age &amp; PPD+ group receiving antibiotics showed the most substantial reduction in the number of teeth with PPD ≥ 6 mm after non-surgical periodontal therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both strategies resulted in a significant clinical improvement compared with those without antibiotic treatment and restricted antibiotic use similarly, but targeted different patient groups. Younger individuals with severe periodontitis benefited most from antibiotics, reducing the need for additional surgeries. The study was registered in an international trial register (German Clinical Trial Register number DRKS00028768, registration date 27 April 2022, https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00028768).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpe.14003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation at sites without perforations and sites with perforations managed with a resorbable membrane: A retrospective study","authors":"Zhikang Wang,&nbsp;Yuchen Wang,&nbsp;Zhou Yu,&nbsp;Like Tang,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Guoli Yang,&nbsp;Tingben Huang","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the radiographic outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement at sites without sinus membrane perforation (SMP) and sites with SMP managed with a resorbable membrane.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and thirty-nine patients and 170 implants (56 perforation, 114 non-perforation) were included. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken before surgery (T0), immediately after surgery (T1) and 6 months after surgery (T2). Post-operative augmentation parameters, including endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG) along the implant axis, mean new bone height (NBH) surrounding the implant and augmentation volume (AV), were measured at T1 and T2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At T1, there were no significant differences in ESBG, NBH and AV between the two groups. At T2, although ESBG did not significantly differ between the two groups, NBH (8.50 ± 1.99 mm vs. 9.99 ± 2.52 mm, <i>p</i> = .039) and AV (519.37 ± 258.38 mm³ vs. 700.99 ± 346.53 mm³, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) were significantly lower in the perforation group. The shrinkage of graft material from T1 to T2, including ΔESBG (<i>p</i> = .002), ΔNBH (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) and ΔAV (<i>p</i> &lt; .001), was higher in the perforation group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SMP during LSFE with simultaneous implant placement is associated with greater resorption of the grafted area at a 6-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Letter to the Editor: Effect of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes","authors":"Misuzu Sato,&nbsp;Sachiko Ono,&nbsp;Hideo Yasunaga,&nbsp;all authors","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor “Diabetes and periodontitis”","authors":"Eduardo Montero,&nbsp;David Herrera,&nbsp;the authors","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and periodontitis","authors":"Bryan S. Michalowicz,&nbsp;Bruce L. Pihlstrom,&nbsp;James S. Hodges","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low energy intake and nutritional maladaptation in terminal stage IV periodontitis","authors":"Min Liu,&nbsp;Beilei Liu,&nbsp;Jie Shen,&nbsp;Shujiao Qian,&nbsp;Hongchang Lai,&nbsp;Changzheng Yuan,&nbsp;Maurizio S. Tonetti","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impairment of masticatory function in elderly patients with terminal dentition due to stage IV periodontitis (TDS4P) may lead to lower nutritional intake. The study aimed to report the dietary intake and nutrition status of elderly patients with TDS4P and compare them with those of the elderly Chinese population and the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-one consecutive subjects (≥55 years old) with TDS4P were enrolled. Average dietary intake was evaluated based on a 3-day 24-h dietary recall (24HR) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The daily intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, dietary energy as well as macro and micronutrients were calculated and compared with matched national data and the Chinese DRIs. Nutritional status was assessed by Short-Form Mini-Nutritional assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the subjects, 19.6% (95% CI: 7.2%–28.1%) were at risk of malnutrition. The mean daily energy intake was 1517.4 kcal (95% CI: 1400.5–1634.3) for males and 1110.7 kcal (95% CI: 1001.5–1219.9) for females, which were very low compared with both the national data and the DRIs. Females derived a higher percentage of energy from fat. The mean daily intake of vegetables was 151.4 g (95% CI: 128.1–174.8) by FFQ and 130.9 g (95% CI: 104.6–157.3) by 24HR. Both results were significantly lower than the national reports (95% CI: 310.3–340.1) and the DRIs (300–450 g). Insufficient micronutrient intake, especially vitamins A, C and E, was also found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elderly subjects with TDS4P had a lower daily energy intake, vegetable and fruit consumption and essential macro and micronutrient intake. More studies are needed to clarify the impact of periodontitis and tooth loss/replacement on nutrition and healthy ageing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpe.14022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults with periodontal diseases: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Harriet Larvin,&nbsp;Paris J. Baptiste,&nbsp;Chenyi Gao,&nbsp;Vanessa Muirhead,&nbsp;Nikolaos Donos,&nbsp;Sue Pavitt,&nbsp;Jing Kang,&nbsp;Jianhua Wu","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective cohort study investigated the association between periodontal diseases (PDs) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized adult participants recruited from six National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (1999–2014) and linked mortality data from the National Death Index up to December 2019. Baseline clinical periodontal examinations were performed by trained and calibrated examiners. All-cause and cause-specific mortality was modelled through multivariable Cox proportional hazards and Fine–Gray models to account for competing risks. All models were adjusted for demographic and lifestyle variables, clinical measurements and comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 15,030 participants were included, with a median length of follow-up of 9 years. Risk of all-cause mortality was 22% greater in people with PD than the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.31). Risks of mortality by cardiovascular diseases (CVD), respiratory disease and diabetes were highest in participants with severe PD (CVD—sub-distribution HR [SHR]: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.16–1.64; respiratory—SHR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.07–2.45; diabetes—SHR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.12–2.53).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Severe PD is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults after multivariable adjustment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpe.14002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-intensity interval training mitigates the progression of periodontitis and improves behavioural aspects in rats","authors":"Ramona Ramalho de Souza Pereira,&nbsp;Giselle Bicalho de Castro,&nbsp;Caíque Olegário Diniz e Magalhães,&nbsp;Karine Beatriz Costa,&nbsp;Bruna Caroline Chaves Garcia,&nbsp;Gabriela Silva,&nbsp;Jaqueline do Carmo Lima Carvalho,&nbsp;Alan Rodrigues Teixeira Machado,&nbsp;Etel Rocha Vieira,&nbsp;Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas,&nbsp;Luciano José Pereira,&nbsp;Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto,&nbsp;Eric Francelino Andrade","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on periodontitis (PD) progression and behavioural outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: non-trained (NT); non-trained with PD; HIIT with PD; and HIIT. The HIIT protocol, involving daily treadmill sessions, spanned 8 weeks, with PD induced by ligature after the 6th week. Behavioural tests were conducted to assess anxiety and memory. Post euthanasia, we evaluated the systemic inflammatory profile and oxidative stress markers in the hippocampus and amygdala. A morphological evaluation and elemental composition analysis of the mandibular alveolar bone were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PD exacerbated alveolar bone level, bone surface damage and alterations in calcium and phosphorus percentages on the bone surface (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), while HIIT attenuated these changes (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). HIIT improved systemic inflammatory markers altered by PD (tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-10, TNF-α/IL-10 and IL-1β/IL-10 ratios, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). PD animals exhibited lower total antioxidant capacity and levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the amygdala and hippocampus, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). HIIT maintained these parameters at levels similar to those in NT animals. HIIT improved anxiety and memory outcomes altered by PD (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HIIT attenuates systemic inflammation, anxiety and memory outcomes promoted by PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of poor osseointegration in irradiated bone: In vivo study in a rat tibia model","authors":"Omar Omar,&nbsp;Louise Rydén,&nbsp;Abdel Rahman Wamied,&nbsp;Ibrahim Al-Otain,&nbsp;Hussain Alhawaj,&nbsp;Hatem Abuohashish,&nbsp;Faisal Al-Qarni,&nbsp;Lena Emanuelsson,&nbsp;Anna Johansson,&nbsp;Anders Palmquist,&nbsp;Peter Thomsen","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radiotherapy is associated with cell depletion and loss of blood supply, which are linked to compromised bone healing. However, the molecular events underlying these effects at the tissue–implant interface have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the major molecular mediators associated with compromised osseointegration due to previous exposure to radiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Titanium implants were placed in rat tibiae with or without pre-exposure to 20 Gy irradiation. Histomorphometric, biomechanical, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses were performed at 1 and 4 weeks after implantation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The detrimental effects of irradiation were characterized by reduced bone–implant contact and removal torque. Furthermore, pre-exposure to radiation induced different molecular dysfunctions such as (i) increased expression of pro-inflammatory (<i>Tnf</i>) and osteoclastic (<i>Ctsk</i>) genes and decreased expression of the bone formation (<i>Alpl</i>) gene in implant-adherent cells; (ii) increased expression of bone formation (<i>Alpl</i> and <i>Bglap</i>) genes in peri-implant bone; and (iii) increased expression of pro-inflammatory (<i>Tnf</i>) and pro-fibrotic (<i>Tgfb1</i>) genes in peri-implant soft tissue. The serum levels of pro-inflammatory, bone formation and bone resorption proteins were greater in the irradiated rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irradiation causes the dysregulation of multiple biological activities, among which perturbed inflammation seems to play a common role in hindering osseointegration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser combined with scaling and root planing for non-surgical periodontal treatment“","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jcpe.14001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpe.14001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Schwarz, F</span>, <span>Sculean, A</span>., <span>Berakdar, M</span>., <span>Georg, T</span>., <span>Reich, E</span>. and <span>Becker, J</span>. (<span>2003</span>), <span>Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser combined with scaling and root planing for non-surgical periodontal treatment</span>. <i>Journal of Clinical Periodontology</i>, <span>30</span>: <span>26</span>-<span>34</span>. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.300105.x\u0000 </p><p>Concerns were raised by a third party regarding the high level of similarity in the clinical and microbiological findings in the above study with corresponding data in two other articles previously published elsewhere by an overlapping group of authors [Schwarz et al. 2001a, Schwarz et al. <span>2003</span>]. In response to an inquiry, the authors clarified that these three publications involved the same patient sample but included two different treatment arms. The 2-year data were reported in a single follow-up publication [Schwarz et al. <span>2003</span>]. The fact that the three articles did not originate from independent studies has regretfully not been properly disclosed at the time of publication. The authors apologize for this oversight. At the journal's request, the authors provided raw data from the above studies.</p><p>A sentence was added to the Subject selection section of the above manuscript and the missing references were appended, as follows:</p><p>Subject selection</p><p>This study reports on a separate treatment arm assessed in the same group of patients as in Schwarz et al. 2001a and Schwarz et al. <span>2003</span>. Twenty periodontal patients, aged between 34 and 56 (mean age 45 years), were included in the study. The study was in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 1983 and all participants signed informed consent forms. Criteria for exclusion from the study were:</p>","PeriodicalId":15380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpe.14001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}