In recent years, the field of aesthetic dermatology has witnessed a surge in demand for minimally invasive procedures aimed at rejuvenating aging skin. This study aims to address this demand by evaluating the effectiveness of the injectable gel in rejuvenating aging skin, particularly by targeting collagen regeneration and lifting effect.
Materials and Methods
The study involved 43 participants who underwent three monthly injection sessions targeting retaining ligaments. The injections were administered deeply to ensure proper targeting. Follow-up assessments were conducted after each treatment session and three months after the final injection. Evaluation methods included subjective assessments by both patients and investigators using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), as well as objective assessments using a 3D photosystem to measure wrinkle conditions and vectors of traction.
Results
All participants completed the study, with no significant adverse effects observed apart from mild swelling at the injection sites. Despite the high viscosity of HA necessitating the use of a 27 G needle, the injection process was generally comfortable and minimally painful. Subjective evaluations revealed consistent improvements in skin appearance from the first application, which continued to increase throughout the study and remained high even 3 months post-treatment. Objective evaluations demonstrated significant improvements in wrinkle conditions and lifting effects, with a substantial increase in the standard deviation score for wrinkle conditions and the average traction vector length measuring 1.6 mm.
Conclusion
The study findings confirm the safety and efficacy of the injectable formula, with high patient satisfaction, noticeable lifting effects, and significant improvements in wrinkle conditions. These results support the use of the injectable as a promising option for non-invasive skin rejuvenation treatments.
{"title":"Novel Gel Formulation and Deep Injection Techniques for Lifting Effects in Cosmetic Dermatology","authors":"Irina Poleva","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16789","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16789","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, the field of aesthetic dermatology has witnessed a surge in demand for minimally invasive procedures aimed at rejuvenating aging skin. This study aims to address this demand by evaluating the effectiveness of the injectable gel in rejuvenating aging skin, particularly by targeting collagen regeneration and lifting effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study involved 43 participants who underwent three monthly injection sessions targeting retaining ligaments. The injections were administered deeply to ensure proper targeting. Follow-up assessments were conducted after each treatment session and three months after the final injection. Evaluation methods included subjective assessments by both patients and investigators using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), as well as objective assessments using a 3D photosystem to measure wrinkle conditions and vectors of traction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All participants completed the study, with no significant adverse effects observed apart from mild swelling at the injection sites. Despite the high viscosity of HA necessitating the use of a 27 G needle, the injection process was generally comfortable and minimally painful. Subjective evaluations revealed consistent improvements in skin appearance from the first application, which continued to increase throughout the study and remained high even 3 months post-treatment. Objective evaluations demonstrated significant improvements in wrinkle conditions and lifting effects, with a substantial increase in the standard deviation score for wrinkle conditions and the average traction vector length measuring 1.6 mm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study findings confirm the safety and efficacy of the injectable formula, with high patient satisfaction, noticeable lifting effects, and significant improvements in wrinkle conditions. These results support the use of the injectable as a promising option for non-invasive skin rejuvenation treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acne is a common condition observed in adolescents and in most severe acne the scars develop. There are numerous treatment options for acne scars. However, no standardized guidelines have been established to guide physicians in the optimal treatment of acne scars.
Aims
The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the existing evidence on various fillers used for the treatment of acne scars and to compare their effectiveness with one another.
Methods
The study was designed following PRISMA guidelines, and the information was retrieved in May 2024 using the PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov registry. The inclusion criteria were that studies involving patients of any age or gender with acne scars of any type treated with synthetic dermal fillers, and studies published in English. The exclusion criteria were studies with less than 10 participants and studies that did not use synthetic dermal fillers. To assess the risk of bias in the included studies, the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool was used for randomized controlled trials, and in observational studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used.
Results
Twenty-six studies were included with a total of 1121 participants. Fourteen studies evaluated HA on 372 subjects, five studies focused on PMMA on 305 subjects, four on CaHA on 392 subjects, two on PLLA on 42 subjects, and one on PCL on 10 subjects.
Conclusions
Most of the studies included in this review were of low quality, as indicated by their scores on quality assessments, lack of high-quality RCTs, and small sample sizes. Future research should focus on conducting randomized, controlled, split-face studies with an adequate number of participants and a detailed examination of different scar subtypes.
{"title":"Synthetic Dermal Fillers in Treating Acne Scars: A Comparative Systematic Review","authors":"Salma Albargawi","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16752","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16752","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acne is a common condition observed in adolescents and in most severe acne the scars develop. There are numerous treatment options for acne scars. However, no standardized guidelines have been established to guide physicians in the optimal treatment of acne scars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the existing evidence on various fillers used for the treatment of acne scars and to compare their effectiveness with one another.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was designed following PRISMA guidelines, and the information was retrieved in May 2024 using the PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov registry. The inclusion criteria were that studies involving patients of any age or gender with acne scars of any type treated with synthetic dermal fillers, and studies published in English. The exclusion criteria were studies with less than 10 participants and studies that did not use synthetic dermal fillers. To assess the risk of bias in the included studies, the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool was used for randomized controlled trials, and in observational studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six studies were included with a total of 1121 participants. Fourteen studies evaluated HA on 372 subjects, five studies focused on PMMA on 305 subjects, four on CaHA on 392 subjects, two on PLLA on 42 subjects, and one on PCL on 10 subjects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most of the studies included in this review were of low quality, as indicated by their scores on quality assessments, lack of high-quality RCTs, and small sample sizes. Future research should focus on conducting randomized, controlled, split-face studies with an adequate number of participants and a detailed examination of different scar subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nina Schur, Luna Samman, Milaan Shah, Victoria Dukharan, Carol Stegura, Luke Broughton, Todd Schlesinger
Background
Exosomes are a nanoscale extracellular vesicles derived from different cell types that have been investigated for various clinical applications, including functioning as biomarkers and use as direct therapeutics. Given the role of exosomes in multiple pathophysiologic pathways and potential practical applications, they have garnered significant interest in the scientific community but much is still unknown about their development and use.
Aims
This literature review covers the background, mechanisms of action, use as biomarkers, methods of application, and direct therapeutic applications of exosomes.
Methods
A literature review on the background and uses of exosomes was conducted. Key articles describing the pathophysiologic pathways and applications of exosomes were summarized and described.
Results
Exosomes impact several cellular pathways which allow them to function as biomarkers for malignancy and inflammatory dermatoses and may make them useful therapeutics for skin rejuvenation, hair loss, and wound repair. Limitations of exosomes include an incomplete understanding of their functions and impacts and a lack of standardization in their production and application.
Conclusions
Exosomes are a unique and novel cellular medium that offer promise as a diagnostic tool and therapy. While there are limitations to the uses of exosomes as well as our current understanding of them, further investigation may yield additional applications and a larger role in medicine for exosomes.
{"title":"Exosomes: Historical Evolution and Emerging Roles in Dermatology","authors":"Nina Schur, Luna Samman, Milaan Shah, Victoria Dukharan, Carol Stegura, Luke Broughton, Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16769","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16769","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exosomes are a nanoscale extracellular vesicles derived from different cell types that have been investigated for various clinical applications, including functioning as biomarkers and use as direct therapeutics. Given the role of exosomes in multiple pathophysiologic pathways and potential practical applications, they have garnered significant interest in the scientific community but much is still unknown about their development and use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This literature review covers the background, mechanisms of action, use as biomarkers, methods of application, and direct therapeutic applications of exosomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature review on the background and uses of exosomes was conducted. Key articles describing the pathophysiologic pathways and applications of exosomes were summarized and described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exosomes impact several cellular pathways which allow them to function as biomarkers for malignancy and inflammatory dermatoses and may make them useful therapeutics for skin rejuvenation, hair loss, and wound repair. Limitations of exosomes include an incomplete understanding of their functions and impacts and a lack of standardization in their production and application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exosomes are a unique and novel cellular medium that offer promise as a diagnostic tool and therapy. While there are limitations to the uses of exosomes as well as our current understanding of them, further investigation may yield additional applications and a larger role in medicine for exosomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skin pigmentation disorders may increase patients' psychological burdens. Consequently, they are increasingly attracting attention. Dermal fibroblasts have been shown to regulate pigmentation by secreting soluble factors.
Aim
This study aimed to summarize recent findings on the effects of dermal fibroblasts on hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, enabling the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
Methods
PubMed was searched for literature on fibroblast factors, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation, and a comprehensive summary and analysis were performed.
Results
Fibroblasts secrete both cytokines that promote pigmentation, including stem cell factor (SCF) and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and small amounts of those that inhibit pigmentation, such as Dickkopf1 (DKK1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) can also affect melanocyte tyrosinase activity and the transfer of melanosomes. In hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma and solar lentigines, the secretion of pigmentation-promoting factors increases, and the activity of key enzymes in melanin production is elevated. In hypopigmentation disorders, including vitiligo, the secretion of melanogenic factors decreases while the factors that inhibit pigmentation increase. Fibroblasts may serve as a new therapeutic target, providing new insights to precisely treat pigmentary disorders.
Conclusions
Fibroblasts synthesize and secrete various cytokines and proteins that modify melanin synthesis and transfer through different signaling pathways, playing prominent roles in pigmentary skin disorders, such as photoaging, melasma, solar lentigo, and vitiligo.
{"title":"Emerging Roles of Dermal Fibroblasts in Hyperpigmentation and Hypopigmentation: A Review","authors":"Xingyue Gao, Wenzhong Xiang","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16790","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16790","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skin pigmentation disorders may increase patients' psychological burdens. Consequently, they are increasingly attracting attention. Dermal fibroblasts have been shown to regulate pigmentation by secreting soluble factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to summarize recent findings on the effects of dermal fibroblasts on hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, enabling the discovery of new therapeutic targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed was searched for literature on fibroblast factors, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation, and a comprehensive summary and analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fibroblasts secrete both cytokines that promote pigmentation, including stem cell factor (SCF) and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and small amounts of those that inhibit pigmentation, such as Dickkopf1 (DKK1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) can also affect melanocyte tyrosinase activity and the transfer of melanosomes. In hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma and solar lentigines, the secretion of pigmentation-promoting factors increases, and the activity of key enzymes in melanin production is elevated. In hypopigmentation disorders, including vitiligo, the secretion of melanogenic factors decreases while the factors that inhibit pigmentation increase. Fibroblasts may serve as a new therapeutic target, providing new insights to precisely treat pigmentary disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fibroblasts synthesize and secrete various cytokines and proteins that modify melanin synthesis and transfer through different signaling pathways, playing prominent roles in pigmentary skin disorders, such as photoaging, melasma, solar lentigo, and vitiligo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Ji, Lili Luo, Jun Ni, Xiaolan Pu, He Qiu, Dongmei Wu
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Surgical scars with textural changes can be disfiguring and uncomfortable for patients. Various laser therapies have shown promise in softening and flattening these scars. Therefore, the authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser in treating surgical scars.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>This study aims to present evidence from controlled trials investigating the efficacy of ablative carbon dioxide fractional laser in treating surgical scars.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Materials and Methods</h3> <p>A literature search of Medline (via PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science, and Embase for relevant trials was conducted before March 2024. After assessing for inclusion, data extraction was performed using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study criteria (PICOS). Quality, validity, and risk of bias were assessed using the RevMan5.3 risk of bias assessment tool.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>A total of 14 controlled trials involving 492 participants or postsurgical scars were included in the system review and meta-analysis. Both in RCT and non-RCT settings, fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser therapy exhibited the same efficacious outcomes, with MD values of −0.63 (95% CI: −1.15 to −0.12; I<sup>2</sup> = 70%; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and − 1.86 (95% CI: −2.65 to −1.07; I<sup>2</sup> = 85%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, furthermore analysis illustrated that initiating FRACTIONAL CO2 LASER treatment sessions at or within 1 month after surgery significantly reduced postoperative scars compared to control groups and groups on treatments initiated more than 3 months after surgery (MD: -1.66; 95% CI: −2.31 to −1.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 89%; <i>p</i> < 0.001 and MD: -1.93; 95% CI: −2.24 to −1.62; I<sup>2</sup> = 48%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser treatment administered over 3 months after surgery did not significantly improve postoperative scars (MD: –0.17; 95% CI: −0.56 to 0.21; I<sup>2</sup> = 37%; <i>p</i> = 0.37).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>The systematic review and meta-analysis provide robust support for the efficacy of fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser in treating surgical scars, particularly when administered at or within 1 month after surgery. One treatment session within 1 month after surgery also can produce significant results, but most clinical tri
{"title":"Fractional CO2 Laser to Treat Surgical Scars: A System Review and Meta-Analysis on Optimal Timing","authors":"Qiang Ji, Lili Luo, Jun Ni, Xiaolan Pu, He Qiu, Dongmei Wu","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16708","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16708","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgical scars with textural changes can be disfiguring and uncomfortable for patients. Various laser therapies have shown promise in softening and flattening these scars. Therefore, the authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser in treating surgical scars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to present evidence from controlled trials investigating the efficacy of ablative carbon dioxide fractional laser in treating surgical scars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search of Medline (via PubMed), Ovid, Web of Science, and Embase for relevant trials was conducted before March 2024. After assessing for inclusion, data extraction was performed using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study criteria (PICOS). Quality, validity, and risk of bias were assessed using the RevMan5.3 risk of bias assessment tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 14 controlled trials involving 492 participants or postsurgical scars were included in the system review and meta-analysis. Both in RCT and non-RCT settings, fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser therapy exhibited the same efficacious outcomes, with MD values of −0.63 (95% CI: −1.15 to −0.12; I<sup>2</sup> = 70%; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and − 1.86 (95% CI: −2.65 to −1.07; I<sup>2</sup> = 85%; <i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, furthermore analysis illustrated that initiating FRACTIONAL CO2 LASER treatment sessions at or within 1 month after surgery significantly reduced postoperative scars compared to control groups and groups on treatments initiated more than 3 months after surgery (MD: -1.66; 95% CI: −2.31 to −1.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 89%; <i>p</i> < 0.001 and MD: -1.93; 95% CI: −2.24 to −1.62; I<sup>2</sup> = 48%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser treatment administered over 3 months after surgery did not significantly improve postoperative scars (MD: –0.17; 95% CI: −0.56 to 0.21; I<sup>2</sup> = 37%; <i>p</i> = 0.37).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The systematic review and meta-analysis provide robust support for the efficacy of fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser in treating surgical scars, particularly when administered at or within 1 month after surgery. One treatment session within 1 month after surgery also can produce significant results, but most clinical tri","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of “skin quality” (SQ) has gained widespread attention, with a recent international consensus defining it and outlining four “emergent perceptual categories” (EPCs), each accompanied by specific parameters and associated measurement methods. No research has confirmed whether the parameters linked to these EPCs vary objectively with age. This gap in data is significant, as understanding how these parameters correlate with age could be essential for creating an objective, age-adjusted classification of SQ.
Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the EPC skin firmness in female facial and non-facial skin in relation to age using biophysical measurements. Reference ranges for objective assessment were determined.
Patients/Methods
Three hundred healthy women (20–69 years) were divided into five age groups. The correlation between age and skin firmness measured by Cutometer and Corneometer (Courage+Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) devices was evaluated across five anatomical sites: forehead, cheek, neck, décolleté, and the hand. Percentiles were used to generate reference ranges.
Results
Statistical analysis discloses that R2 (Ua/Uf), R5 (Ur/Ue), and R7 (Ur/Uf) correlated with age for all five sites and are preferably assigned to the EPC skin firmness, whereby R2 and R7 showed the strongest correlation. For the neck, significant age-related changes were found in most of the Cutometer parameters. The stratum corneum (SC) hydration showed only low correlations with age.
Conclusions
R2, R5, and R7 are reliable indicators of age-related changes in skin firmness, with established reference ranges that can aid in treatment decisions and SQ assessments.
{"title":"Objectification of Skin Firmness: In Vivo Evaluation of 300 Women in Relation to Age","authors":"Alena Roessle, Martina Kerscher","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16773","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16773","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The concept of “skin quality” (SQ) has gained widespread attention, with a recent international consensus defining it and outlining four “emergent perceptual categories” (EPCs), each accompanied by specific parameters and associated measurement methods. No research has confirmed whether the parameters linked to these EPCs vary objectively with age. This gap in data is significant, as understanding how these parameters correlate with age could be essential for creating an objective, age-adjusted classification of SQ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the EPC skin firmness in female facial and non-facial skin in relation to age using biophysical measurements. Reference ranges for objective assessment were determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients/Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three hundred healthy women (20–69 years) were divided into five age groups. The correlation between age and skin firmness measured by Cutometer and Corneometer (Courage+Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) devices was evaluated across five anatomical sites: forehead, cheek, neck, décolleté, and the hand. Percentiles were used to generate reference ranges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Statistical analysis discloses that R2 (<i>U</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>U</i><sub>f</sub>), R5 (<i>U</i><sub>r</sub>/<i>U</i><sub>e</sub>), and R7 (<i>U</i><sub>r</sub>/<i>U</i><sub>f</sub>) correlated with age for all five sites and are preferably assigned to the EPC skin firmness, whereby R2 and R7 showed the strongest correlation. For the neck, significant age-related changes were found in most of the Cutometer parameters. The stratum corneum (SC) hydration showed only low correlations with age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>R2, R5, and R7 are reliable indicators of age-related changes in skin firmness, with established reference ranges that can aid in treatment decisions and SQ assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11712028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensitive skin (SS) is a multifactorial syndrome that affects about half of the world's population. However, there is no standardized treatment protocol. Photovoltaic technology has been widely used in recent years for the treatment of sensitive skin, but the efficacy of low-energy delicate pulsed light (DPL) in the treatment of sensitive skin is unknown.
Objective
To explore the efficacy and safety of low-energy DPL treatment for sensitive skin.
Methods
This study included 181 patients with SS who attended the Department of Dermatology from January 2019 to January 2022. All patients were treated with DPL (5.0–6.8 J/cm2). Patients received varying durations of DPL, with 4-week intervals based on the severity of their condition. Sensitivity scores at baseline and final treatment were collected using a 10-item sensitivity scale (SS-10). Facial erythema was assessed through the Clinician Erythema Assessment Scale (CEA) based on facial photographs taken at each visit. VISIA-CR was used to visualize and analyze facial redness at baseline and after the final treatment, and erythema values were recorded. Adverse reactions were documented during each treatment session.
Results
Among 181 patients, 86 were SS alone, 32 were rosacea with SS, 32 were acne with SS, and 31 were dermatitis with SS. A significant difference was observed between patients' baseline and final SS-10 scores (p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were found between the patients' CEA scores at different visits (p < 0.001). Clinical photographs demonstrated significant improvements in facial redness and skin color. VISIA-CR analysis showed a considerable reduction in erythema values at the final treatment visit compared to baseline (p < 0.001). No obvious adverse effects were observed in any of the patients.
Conclusion
Low-energy DPL is an effective and safe treatment for sensitive skin.
{"title":"Low-Energy Delicate Pulsed Light Therapy for Sensitive Skin: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Yujie Fu, Yue Quan, Wanxing Zhao, Zhaoyang Liu, Jiao Peng, Xinyue Pang, Boyu Zhao, Lisha Tan, Quan Zhou, Lili Shao, Huiping Wang, Shuping Hou","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16781","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16781","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensitive skin (SS) is a multifactorial syndrome that affects about half of the world's population. However, there is no standardized treatment protocol. Photovoltaic technology has been widely used in recent years for the treatment of sensitive skin, but the efficacy of low-energy delicate pulsed light (DPL) in the treatment of sensitive skin is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the efficacy and safety of low-energy DPL treatment for sensitive skin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 181 patients with SS who attended the Department of Dermatology from January 2019 to January 2022. All patients were treated with DPL (5.0–6.8 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). Patients received varying durations of DPL, with 4-week intervals based on the severity of their condition. Sensitivity scores at baseline and final treatment were collected using a 10-item sensitivity scale (SS-10). Facial erythema was assessed through the Clinician Erythema Assessment Scale (CEA) based on facial photographs taken at each visit. VISIA-CR was used to visualize and analyze facial redness at baseline and after the final treatment, and erythema values were recorded. Adverse reactions were documented during each treatment session.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 181 patients, 86 were SS alone, 32 were rosacea with SS, 32 were acne with SS, and 31 were dermatitis with SS. A significant difference was observed between patients' baseline and final SS-10 scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were found between the patients' CEA scores at different visits (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Clinical photographs demonstrated significant improvements in facial redness and skin color. VISIA-CR analysis showed a considerable reduction in erythema values at the final treatment visit compared to baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No obvious adverse effects were observed in any of the patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low-energy DPL is an effective and safe treatment for sensitive skin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin condition associated with scalp sebum secretion and dysbiosis.
Aims
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a topical salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/zinc salt of L-pyrrolidone carboxylate (Zinc PCA) scalp pre-application gel in combination with a salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/antimicrobial peptide cleansing lotion for the treatment of moderate to severe scalp SD.
Patients/Methods
In this prospective cohort study, 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD were treated with a combination of the scalp pre-application gel and cleansing lotion for 4 weeks (one tube of the pre-application gel per week and the cleansing lotion used every 1–3 days depending on the frequency of hair washing). This was followed by maintenance treatment with the cleansing lotion for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed through clinical and trichoscopic examinations, measuring the severity of dandruff, itching, erythema, and greasiness using a 4-point scale.
Results
This cohort study included a total of 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD. By the 4th week, the average dandruff score had significantly decreased from a baseline of 2.45 to 1.10 (p < 0.01). The average itchiness score reduced from 2.35 to 1.10 (p < 0.01), the erythema score dropped from 1.55 to 1.10 (p < 0.05), and the greasiness score decreased from 2.60 to 1.40 (p < 0.01). After 16 weeks, 12 patients with severe SD improved to mild SD, and six patients with moderate SD also improved to mild. During the treatment, two patients experienced a recurrence of dandruff, which subsequently resolved. The overall clinical improvement was 80%.
Conclusions
Our study results indicate that the combination treatment of the scalp pre-application gel and cleansing lotion is highly effective and safe for treating SD. The subsequent use of the cleansing lotion effectively maintains the benefits of the combined treatment. Trichoscopic examination provides accurate and reliable quantifiable data, aiding in the monitoring of treatment progress.
{"title":"A Cohort Clinical Study on the Efficacy of Topical Salicylic Acid/Piroctone Olamine Dandruff Pre-Gel and Cleanser in Improving Symptoms of Moderate to Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp","authors":"Ling Ge, Zhiqing Liu, Shanhua Xu, Chuying Li, Meitong Jin, Yinli Luo, Yanli Kong, Jingbi Meng, Ge Zheng, Junzhi Gao, Ping Wang, Wei Bai, Heya Na, Xianchun Zhou, Zhehu Jin, Longquan Pi","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16742","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16742","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin condition associated with scalp sebum secretion and dysbiosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a topical salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/zinc salt of L-pyrrolidone carboxylate (Zinc PCA) scalp pre-application gel in combination with a salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/antimicrobial peptide cleansing lotion for the treatment of moderate to severe scalp SD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients/Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this prospective cohort study, 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD were treated with a combination of the scalp pre-application gel and cleansing lotion for 4 weeks (one tube of the pre-application gel per week and the cleansing lotion used every 1–3 days depending on the frequency of hair washing). This was followed by maintenance treatment with the cleansing lotion for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed through clinical and trichoscopic examinations, measuring the severity of dandruff, itching, erythema, and greasiness using a 4-point scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study included a total of 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD. By the 4th week, the average dandruff score had significantly decreased from a baseline of 2.45 to 1.10 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The average itchiness score reduced from 2.35 to 1.10 (<i>p</i> < 0.01), the erythema score dropped from 1.55 to 1.10 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the greasiness score decreased from 2.60 to 1.40 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). After 16 weeks, 12 patients with severe SD improved to mild SD, and six patients with moderate SD also improved to mild. During the treatment, two patients experienced a recurrence of dandruff, which subsequently resolved. The overall clinical improvement was 80%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study results indicate that the combination treatment of the scalp pre-application gel and cleansing lotion is highly effective and safe for treating SD. The subsequent use of the cleansing lotion effectively maintains the benefits of the combined treatment. Trichoscopic examination provides accurate and reliable quantifiable data, aiding in the monitoring of treatment progress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exosomes for Aesthetic Dermatology: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Update","authors":"Milaan Shah, Victoria Dukharan, Luke Broughton, Carol Stegura, Nina Schur, Luna Samman, Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16766","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16766","url":null,"abstract":"<p>January 30, 2025: This article published prematurely in error. The article will republish shortly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cesar Gonzalez Ardila, Laura A. Colorado Franco, Manuel Franco, Andrea Galeano, Angie Julieth Holguin Molina, Julio R. Amador, Marco Rocha
<p>Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, prevalent in individuals with light skin, most of the times difficult to treat with conventional treatments [<span>1</span>]. Although both Botulinum neurotoxin Type A (BoNT/A) and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) separately have proven to be safe and effective alternatives, studies have shown that the combination of therapies may lead to better treatment outcomes [<span>2</span>]. In our study, we found an improvement in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea using the combination of BoNT/A and IPL.</p><p>Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) is a well-established light-based therapy for various skin diseases, particularly in alleviating erythematous telangiectasia, papules, and pustules. IPL operates using a broad spectrum of light, with wavelengths ranging from 500 to 1200 nm modifiable through various filters [<span>3</span>]. Its effects include the following: mast cell membrane stabilization, inhibiting their degranulation, and the release of cytokines and mediators (histamine, tryptase, MMP-9, and LL-37), ultimately achieving a therapeutic effect [<span>3</span>]. Despite its effectiveness, it is commonly noted that monotherapy does not achieve long-lasting results in this condition. In contrast, patients who receive combination treatments, including (BoNT/A), experience improvements that persist for a much longer duration [<span>4</span>].</p><p>Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) blocks the release of acetylcholine and modulates other neuropeptides, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide, which influences vasodilation and inhibits the release of cathelicidin and inflammatory mediators promoting an anti-inflammatory effect that alleviates facial redness. Inhibits mast cell degranulation, stimulating an anti-inflammatory effect [<span>5</span>]. The effect of BoNT/A injection is generally gradual after 3 days reaching efficacy peak 2 weeks after injection. If improvement is not satisfactory at the 2-week follow-up, complementary therapy can be administered. To avoid the thermal effect that accelerates the diffusion of local BoNT/A, the skin should be cooled after photoelectric treatment. Alternatively, photoelectric treatment can be administered at least 2 weeks after injection. Patients with severe lesions should be considered systemic medication to quickly control inflammation [<span>6</span>].</p><p>Therefore, considering the previously mentioned mechanisms of action, combining these two therapies could result in a potential synergistic effect, likely leading to better outcomes for our patients.</p><p>We reviewed the medical records of 14 patients diagnosed with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, all over 18 years old. As exclusion criteria, they could not have previously received topical therapy, injectables, or IPL treatment for their initial condition.</p><p>They received treatment with one session of IPL at 560 nm and 14 joules followed by injections of BoNT/A
{"title":"A Case Series of a Novel Approach in the Treatment of Rosacea: Use of Botulinum Toxin and Intense Pulsed Light for the Treatment of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea","authors":"Cesar Gonzalez Ardila, Laura A. Colorado Franco, Manuel Franco, Andrea Galeano, Angie Julieth Holguin Molina, Julio R. Amador, Marco Rocha","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16774","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16774","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, prevalent in individuals with light skin, most of the times difficult to treat with conventional treatments [<span>1</span>]. Although both Botulinum neurotoxin Type A (BoNT/A) and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) separately have proven to be safe and effective alternatives, studies have shown that the combination of therapies may lead to better treatment outcomes [<span>2</span>]. In our study, we found an improvement in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea using the combination of BoNT/A and IPL.</p><p>Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) is a well-established light-based therapy for various skin diseases, particularly in alleviating erythematous telangiectasia, papules, and pustules. IPL operates using a broad spectrum of light, with wavelengths ranging from 500 to 1200 nm modifiable through various filters [<span>3</span>]. Its effects include the following: mast cell membrane stabilization, inhibiting their degranulation, and the release of cytokines and mediators (histamine, tryptase, MMP-9, and LL-37), ultimately achieving a therapeutic effect [<span>3</span>]. Despite its effectiveness, it is commonly noted that monotherapy does not achieve long-lasting results in this condition. In contrast, patients who receive combination treatments, including (BoNT/A), experience improvements that persist for a much longer duration [<span>4</span>].</p><p>Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) blocks the release of acetylcholine and modulates other neuropeptides, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide, which influences vasodilation and inhibits the release of cathelicidin and inflammatory mediators promoting an anti-inflammatory effect that alleviates facial redness. Inhibits mast cell degranulation, stimulating an anti-inflammatory effect [<span>5</span>]. The effect of BoNT/A injection is generally gradual after 3 days reaching efficacy peak 2 weeks after injection. If improvement is not satisfactory at the 2-week follow-up, complementary therapy can be administered. To avoid the thermal effect that accelerates the diffusion of local BoNT/A, the skin should be cooled after photoelectric treatment. Alternatively, photoelectric treatment can be administered at least 2 weeks after injection. Patients with severe lesions should be considered systemic medication to quickly control inflammation [<span>6</span>].</p><p>Therefore, considering the previously mentioned mechanisms of action, combining these two therapies could result in a potential synergistic effect, likely leading to better outcomes for our patients.</p><p>We reviewed the medical records of 14 patients diagnosed with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, all over 18 years old. As exclusion criteria, they could not have previously received topical therapy, injectables, or IPL treatment for their initial condition.</p><p>They received treatment with one session of IPL at 560 nm and 14 joules followed by injections of BoNT/A","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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