Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51104
Anna Korczak, Emilia Wójcik, Ewa Olek, Olga Łopacińska, Katarzyna Stańczyk, Aleksandra Korn, Justyna Jędrzejczyk, Oliwia Szewczyk, Katarzyna Burda, Karolina Czarnecka
Introduction and Purpose: Iron deficiency alongside anaemia is one of the most significant global health concerns with potentially long-lasting implications on child development and health outcomes. The period of infancy represents a crucial phase of central nervous system maturation, rendering infants particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of iron deficiency. It is therefore crucial to pay close attention to this issue. The aim of this review is to elucidate the neurological implications of iron deficiency in infancy and emphasize the necessity of implementing preventive strategies to safeguard child development. State of Knowledge: Iron deficiency in infancy can result in impairments of brain development. Extensive research highlights the influence of this micronutrient on various physiological processes, including the synthesis of neurotransmitters, neuronal metabolism, myelination, synaptogenesis and gene expression. Furthermore, iron deficiency during infancy is associated with adverse developmental outcomes, including cognitive, motor, and socioemotional deficits. Long-term follow-up studies have elucidated the enduring neurological consequences of iron deficiency in infancy, with effects extending into childhood and beyond. Summary: Given that the changes that occur during the infantile period are often irreversible and have long-lasting implications for future development, it is of the utmost importance to prioritize prevention strategies.
{"title":"Long-term Effects of Iron Deficiency in Early Infancy on Neurodevelopment","authors":"Anna Korczak, Emilia Wójcik, Ewa Olek, Olga Łopacińska, Katarzyna Stańczyk, Aleksandra Korn, Justyna Jędrzejczyk, Oliwia Szewczyk, Katarzyna Burda, Karolina Czarnecka","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51104","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Purpose: Iron deficiency alongside anaemia is one of the most significant global health concerns with potentially long-lasting implications on child development and health outcomes. The period of infancy represents a crucial phase of central nervous system maturation, rendering infants particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of iron deficiency. It is therefore crucial to pay close attention to this issue. The aim of this review is to elucidate the neurological implications of iron deficiency in infancy and emphasize the necessity of implementing preventive strategies to safeguard child development. \u0000State of Knowledge: Iron deficiency in infancy can result in impairments of brain development. Extensive research highlights the influence of this micronutrient on various physiological processes, including the synthesis of neurotransmitters, neuronal metabolism, myelination, synaptogenesis and gene expression. Furthermore, iron deficiency during infancy is associated with adverse developmental outcomes, including cognitive, motor, and socioemotional deficits. Long-term follow-up studies have elucidated the enduring neurological consequences of iron deficiency in infancy, with effects extending into childhood and beyond. \u0000Summary: Given that the changes that occur during the infantile period are often irreversible and have long-lasting implications for future development, it is of the utmost importance to prioritize prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"36 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49179
Zuzanna Kotowicz, Jakub Pabiś, Piotr Podgórski, Sandra Górecka, Miłosz Olszański, Aleksander Bogusz, Oskar Kwiatkowski, Anna Kołodziej, Anita Król
Introduction Migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder affecting a substantial portion of the global population, poses a significant burden on individuals' overall quality of life. While the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying migraine headache attacks remain elusive, the involvement of trigeminal pathway activation is well-documented. A multitude of factors, collectively termed triggers, have been identified as capable of precipitating migraine episodes, ranging from dietary components to environmental stimuli such as bright lights and weather fluctuations. Migraine headaches typically manifest as throbbing pain localized predominantly on one side of the head and are often accompanied by a constellation of additional symptoms including photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea. The management of migraine involves a diverse array of therapeutic modalities tailored to the specific characteristics of the pain experienced. These may include the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol, triptans, and antiemetics, among others. This study endeavors to explore the most prevalent triggers implicated in migraine onset, as well as contemporary treatment strategies, with an emphasis on incorporating the latest research findings and therapeutic advancements in this evolving field. Aim of the study This review aims to identify symptoms, triggers of acute migraine and solutions in its treatment process, including latest developments. Material and method This article presents the current state of knowledge about acute migraine, triggers and treatment options in various scientific articles. Publications describing acute migraine attacks and treatments including the most recent reports in the field were reviewed using the PubMed platform. The search included the keywords ‘migraine, 'migraine triggers', 'triptans', 'migraine with aura'.
{"title":"Strategies for Treating Acute Migraines and Identifying Triggers. Literature review","authors":"Zuzanna Kotowicz, Jakub Pabiś, Piotr Podgórski, Sandra Górecka, Miłosz Olszański, Aleksander Bogusz, Oskar Kwiatkowski, Anna Kołodziej, Anita Król","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49179","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Migraine, a prevalent neurological disorder affecting a substantial portion of the global population, poses a significant burden on individuals' overall quality of life. While the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying migraine headache attacks remain elusive, the involvement of trigeminal pathway activation is well-documented. A multitude of factors, collectively termed triggers, have been identified as capable of precipitating migraine episodes, ranging from dietary components to environmental stimuli such as bright lights and weather fluctuations. Migraine headaches typically manifest as throbbing pain localized predominantly on one side of the head and are often accompanied by a constellation of additional symptoms including photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea. The management of migraine involves a diverse array of therapeutic modalities tailored to the specific characteristics of the pain experienced. These may include the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol, triptans, and antiemetics, among others. This study endeavors to explore the most prevalent triggers implicated in migraine onset, as well as contemporary treatment strategies, with an emphasis on incorporating the latest research findings and therapeutic advancements in this evolving field.\u0000Aim of the study\u0000This review aims to identify symptoms, triggers of acute migraine and solutions in its treatment process, including latest developments.\u0000Material and method\u0000This article presents the current state of knowledge about acute migraine, triggers and treatment options in various scientific articles. Publications describing acute migraine attacks and treatments including the most recent reports in the field were reviewed using the PubMed platform. The search included the keywords ‘migraine, 'migraine triggers', 'triptans', 'migraine with aura'.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"52 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49619
Aleksander Górny, Anna Wójcik, Justyna Chwiejczak, Michał Obrębski, Jan Kościan, Julita Młynarska, Jakub Langa, Karolina Szczerkowska, Anna Seroka, Maria Rybicka
Introduction and purpose: Ethanol is still one of the most frequently consumed drugs worldwide and is a strong risk factor for more than 60 illnesses including alcoholic cardiomyopathy which is a specific heart muscle disease caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. The review aims to gather available data and summarize it to give better understanding of the disease, to help select patients with the condition to implement proper treatment, and to present possible future directions as the incidence of the disease is projected to persist in the future. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is characterized by dilation, increased mass of the left ventricle, and reduced ejection fraction leading to end-stage heart failure. It is caused by ethanol’s direct toxicity on myocytes disturbing many different metabolic pathways. The result is a decrease in both systolic and diastolic function of the heart. The ACM development depends on factors such as genetics, gender, dietary factors and the dosage of ethanol consumption. The goal of the treatment is total alcohol abstinence, but the reduction of ethanol intake may also be beneficial. Patients should obtain a complete pharmacological treatment for heart failure. Summary: Ethanol overconsumption remains an unresolved problem, with the incidence of ACM projected to persist in the future, especially among patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Efforts for prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of ACM need to be established. A primary focus should be on treating AUD because it is the most effective way to halt the progression of the disease. Further research should focus on both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with AUD to better define clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and the most effective treatments for ACM.
{"title":"Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy: a summary of current knowledge and possible future directions","authors":"Aleksander Górny, Anna Wójcik, Justyna Chwiejczak, Michał Obrębski, Jan Kościan, Julita Młynarska, Jakub Langa, Karolina Szczerkowska, Anna Seroka, Maria Rybicka","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49619","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose: \u0000Ethanol is still one of the most frequently consumed drugs worldwide and is a strong risk factor for more than 60 illnesses including alcoholic cardiomyopathy which is a specific heart muscle disease caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. The review aims to gather available data and summarize it to give better understanding of the disease, to help select patients with the condition to implement proper treatment, and to present possible future directions as the incidence of the disease is projected to persist in the future. \u0000 \u0000Brief description of the state of knowledge: \u0000Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is characterized by dilation, increased mass of the left ventricle, and reduced ejection fraction leading to end-stage heart failure. It is caused by ethanol’s direct toxicity on myocytes disturbing many different metabolic pathways. The result is a decrease in both systolic and diastolic function of the heart. The ACM development depends on factors such as genetics, gender, dietary factors and the dosage of ethanol consumption. The goal of the treatment is total alcohol abstinence, but the reduction of ethanol intake may also be beneficial. Patients should obtain a complete pharmacological treatment for heart failure. \u0000Summary: \u0000Ethanol overconsumption remains an unresolved problem, with the incidence of ACM projected to persist in the future, especially among patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Efforts for prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of ACM need to be established. A primary focus should be on treating AUD because it is the most effective way to halt the progression of the disease. Further research should focus on both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with AUD to better define clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and the most effective treatments for ACM.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"59 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49434
Martyna Kuśmierska, Jakub Kuśmierski, Izabela Janik, Anna Martyka, Przemysław Ujma
Introduction: The global obesity crisis results from inactive lifestyles and poor diets, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. Emerging research links obesity with gut microbiome changes influenced by factors like age, genetics, and diet. Gut-brain communication via neural, endocrine, and inflammatory pathways, influenced by microbial compounds, affects nervous system function. Materials and Methods of Research: A thorough literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar, employing keywords related to the gut-brain axis and obesity. Results: Obesity shifts gut microbiota composition due to factors like childbirth method, diet, antibiotics, and environment. This imbalance impacts metabolism, appetite, and insulin sensitivity. Gut microbes influence the brain, regulating energy balance and inflammation. Dysregulated tryptophan metabolism leads to insulin resistance. Gut-brain communication via the vagal nerve affects nutrient metabolism. Hormones like insulin and leptin, along with microbial metabolites, affect lipid metabolism and appetite. Gut microbiota abundance correlates with leptin signaling, and changes in ghrelin levels relate to microbiota composition. Microbial presence affects food cravings. Inflammation in obesity is linked to gut microbiota changes, mediated by bile acids and microbial metabolites. Interventions like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation offer potential for managing obesity. Emerging therapies like peptide D3 hold promise but require further study. Conclusion: The microbiome-gut-brain axis is vital in obesity, affecting metabolism, inflammation, and appetite. Utilizing interventions such as dietary adjustments and probiotics targeting gut-brain signaling shows promise in managing obesity. Personalized approaches are crucial due to microbiome complexity. Further research is needed to develop effective therapies for the obesity epidemic.
引言不活跃的生活方式和不良的饮食习惯导致全球肥胖危机，增加了代谢紊乱的风险。新的研究将肥胖与受年龄、遗传和饮食等因素影响的肠道微生物组变化联系起来。肠道与大脑之间通过神经、内分泌和炎症途径进行的交流受到微生物化合物的影响，从而影响神经系统的功能：使用 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 进行了全面的文献综述，并使用了与肠道-大脑轴和肥胖相关的关键词：肥胖会改变肠道微生物群的组成，这是由分娩方式、饮食、抗生素和环境等因素造成的。这种失衡会影响新陈代谢、食欲和胰岛素敏感性。肠道微生物影响大脑，调节能量平衡和炎症。色氨酸代谢失调会导致胰岛素抵抗。肠道通过迷走神经与大脑沟通，影响营养代谢。胰岛素和瘦素等激素以及微生物代谢产物会影响脂质代谢和食欲。肠道微生物群的丰度与瘦素信号相关，胃泌素水平的变化与微生物群的组成有关。微生物的存在会影响对食物的渴望。肥胖症的炎症与肠道微生物群的变化有关，由胆汁酸和微生物代谢产物介导。益生菌和粪便微生物群移植等干预措施为控制肥胖提供了可能。多肽 D3 等新兴疗法前景广阔，但还需要进一步研究：微生物组-肠-脑轴对肥胖至关重要，会影响新陈代谢、炎症和食欲。利用饮食调整和益生菌等针对肠脑信号转导的干预措施有望控制肥胖。由于微生物组的复杂性，个性化方法至关重要。要开发出治疗肥胖症的有效疗法，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Significance of the Gut-Brain Axis in the Development of Overweight and Obesity","authors":"Martyna Kuśmierska, Jakub Kuśmierski, Izabela Janik, Anna Martyka, Przemysław Ujma","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49434","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The global obesity crisis results from inactive lifestyles and poor diets, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. Emerging research links obesity with gut microbiome changes influenced by factors like age, genetics, and diet. Gut-brain communication via neural, endocrine, and inflammatory pathways, influenced by microbial compounds, affects nervous system function.\u0000Materials and Methods of Research: A thorough literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar, employing keywords related to the gut-brain axis and obesity.\u0000Results: Obesity shifts gut microbiota composition due to factors like childbirth method, diet, antibiotics, and environment. This imbalance impacts metabolism, appetite, and insulin sensitivity. Gut microbes influence the brain, regulating energy balance and inflammation. Dysregulated tryptophan metabolism leads to insulin resistance. Gut-brain communication via the vagal nerve affects nutrient metabolism. Hormones like insulin and leptin, along with microbial metabolites, affect lipid metabolism and appetite. Gut microbiota abundance correlates with leptin signaling, and changes in ghrelin levels relate to microbiota composition. Microbial presence affects food cravings. Inflammation in obesity is linked to gut microbiota changes, mediated by bile acids and microbial metabolites. Interventions like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation offer potential for managing obesity. Emerging therapies like peptide D3 hold promise but require further study.\u0000Conclusion: The microbiome-gut-brain axis is vital in obesity, affecting metabolism, inflammation, and appetite. Utilizing interventions such as dietary adjustments and probiotics targeting gut-brain signaling shows promise in managing obesity. Personalized approaches are crucial due to microbiome complexity. Further research is needed to develop effective therapies for the obesity epidemic.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"20 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51135
Maciej Superson, Klaudia Wilk-Trytko, Katarzyna Szmyt, Sylwia Samojedny, Katarzyna Szymańska, Kamil Walczak, Julia Krasnoborska, Julia Zarębska
Intruduction and purpose: Patients with severe asthma account for approximately 3% to 10% of all asthma patients. They have higher hospital utilization rates and treatment costs than patients with non-severe asthma. Previously, treatment options for these patients were limited due to unacceptable side effects. However, the advent of biologic therapies has provided promising targeted therapy for these patients. State of knowledge: Biologic therapies target inflammatory modulators that play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma, particularly in patients with high T2 cells. These therapies have shown promising results in reducing asthma symptoms, improving lung function, decreasing the use of oral corticosteroids, and enhancing patients' quality of life. Conclusions: This article reviews the mechanism of action, efficacy, and indications of currently approved biologic drugs available in Poland, as well as potential therapeutic targets for the future.
{"title":"Biological treatment options for severe asthma in Poland","authors":"Maciej Superson, Klaudia Wilk-Trytko, Katarzyna Szmyt, Sylwia Samojedny, Katarzyna Szymańska, Kamil Walczak, Julia Krasnoborska, Julia Zarębska","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.70.51135","url":null,"abstract":"Intruduction and purpose: Patients with severe asthma account for approximately 3% to 10% of all asthma patients. They have higher hospital utilization rates and treatment costs than patients with non-severe asthma. Previously, treatment options for these patients were limited due to unacceptable side effects. However, the advent of biologic therapies has provided promising targeted therapy for these patients. \u0000State of knowledge: Biologic therapies target inflammatory modulators that play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma, particularly in patients with high T2 cells. These therapies have shown promising results in reducing asthma symptoms, improving lung function, decreasing the use of oral corticosteroids, and enhancing patients' quality of life. \u0000Conclusions: This article reviews the mechanism of action, efficacy, and indications of currently approved biologic drugs available in Poland, as well as potential therapeutic targets for the future.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"114 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.70.50192
Magda Madoń, Patrycja Proszowska, Daria Sieniawska, Adrianna Orzeł, Aleksandra Pich-Czekierda, Zuzanna Kotowicz, Julia Sieniawska
Introduction Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired insulin secretion and action. Risk factors for diabetes include age, obesity, low physical activity, hypertension, lipid disorders, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms of diabetes typically include frequent urination, weight loss, excessive thirst, weakness, fatigue, susceptibility to fungal infections and recurrent boils. Diabetes is a prevalent and significant societal concern, often causing anxiety, uncertainty and a sense of danger upon diagnosis. Aim of the study The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of diabetes, including its classification, characteristic symptoms, the most frequently occurring diabetes-related complications, and preventive strategies. Through a detailed discussion of these issues, our goal is to increase public awareness of diabetes and provide readers with comprehensive knowledge about this disease. Material and method This article presents the current state of knowledge about diabetes. A literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases, utilizing keywords such as "diabetes", "diabetes mellitus", "diabetes complications". Results The number of people with diabetes has continued to rise. Scientists predict that in a few decades, this number could reach more than half a billion globally. Many individuals may not realize that they are at risk for this civilization disease, often due to unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity, and lack of physical activity. Early initiation of treatment is crucial in preventing serious complications. Despite living with diabetes for years, some patients still report insufficient knowledge about their condition. Therefore, educating patients about the nature of the disease and its treatment is essential for improving their quality of life.
导言 糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其特点是胰岛素分泌和作用受损。糖尿病的危险因素包括年龄、肥胖、体力活动少、高血压、血脂紊乱和遗传易感性。糖尿病的症状通常包括尿频、体重减轻、过度口渴、虚弱、疲劳、易受真菌感染和反复长疖子。糖尿病是一个普遍存在的重大社会问题，一旦确诊，往往会引起焦虑、不确定感和危险感。研究目的 本研究旨在全面分析糖尿病，包括其分类、特征性症状、最常发生的糖尿病相关并发症以及预防策略。通过对这些问题的详细讨论，我们的目标是提高公众对糖尿病的认识，为读者提供有关该疾病的全面知识。材料和方法 本文介绍了糖尿病的知识现状。我们利用 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 数据库，使用 "糖尿病"、"糖尿病"、"糖尿病并发症 "等关键词进行了文献综述。结果 糖尿病患者人数持续上升。科学家预测，几十年后，全球糖尿病患者人数将超过 5 亿。许多人可能没有意识到自己有患这种文明病的风险，这往往是由于选择了不健康的生活方式，如吸烟、肥胖和缺乏体育锻炼。及早开始治疗对于预防严重并发症至关重要。尽管已患糖尿病多年，但一些患者仍表示对自己的病情缺乏足够的了解。因此，让患者了解疾病的性质和治疗方法对于提高他们的生活质量至关重要。
{"title":"Classification, Symptoms, Treatment and Preventive Strategies of Diabetes. A guide to the basic","authors":"Magda Madoń, Patrycja Proszowska, Daria Sieniawska, Adrianna Orzeł, Aleksandra Pich-Czekierda, Zuzanna Kotowicz, Julia Sieniawska","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.70.50192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.70.50192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired insulin secretion and action. Risk factors for diabetes include age, obesity, low physical activity, hypertension, lipid disorders, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms of diabetes typically include frequent urination, weight loss, excessive thirst, weakness, fatigue, susceptibility to fungal infections and recurrent boils. Diabetes is a prevalent and significant societal concern, often causing anxiety, uncertainty and a sense of danger upon diagnosis. \u0000Aim of the study \u0000The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of diabetes, including its classification, characteristic symptoms, the most frequently occurring diabetes-related complications, and preventive strategies. Through a detailed discussion of these issues, our goal is to increase public awareness of diabetes and provide readers with comprehensive knowledge about this disease. \u0000Material and method \u0000This article presents the current state of knowledge about diabetes. A literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases, utilizing keywords such as \"diabetes\", \"diabetes mellitus\", \"diabetes complications\". \u0000Results \u0000The number of people with diabetes has continued to rise. Scientists predict that in a few decades, this number could reach more than half a billion globally. Many individuals may not realize that they are at risk for this civilization disease, often due to unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity, and lack of physical activity. Early initiation of treatment is crucial in preventing serious complications. Despite living with diabetes for years, some patients still report insufficient knowledge about their condition. Therefore, educating patients about the nature of the disease and its treatment is essential for improving their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"116 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49033
Michał Żuchowski, Dominika Mańdziuk, Patrycja Niewinna, Przemysław Zaroda, Paweł Dąda, Paweł Pawlik, Wojciech Kołodziej, Klaudia Kołodziej, Jakub Wawrzkowicz, Monika Korga
IntrocudtionMyocarditis is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac deaths among athletes. One of the factors increasing the risk of this disease is engaging in sports training during an infection. Many athletes, regardless of their level of advancement, are not aware of the risks associated with training during an infection, and those who are aware often ignore them and continue training. Purpose Assessment of behaviors and awareness among runners in Poland regarding the risk of developing myocarditis as a result of training during respiratory tract infections. Material and method In December 2023, a voluntary and anonymous online survey was conducted among a group of 399 adult runners from Poland. The survey included 13 questions, consisting of 11 single-choice questions and 2 multiple-choice questions. Results The percentage of individuals who do not associate training during an infection with an increased risk of myocarditis amounts to as much as 44.4% (n=177), while a staggering 86.7% (n=346) of respondents declare that they undertake training during respiratory infections. Conslusion After analyzing the survey, it's evident that while the Polish running community recognizes the risks of training during infections, many still exercise despite symptoms. Although most understand that intense training and early return to sports can harm health, awareness of myocarditis risks from exertion during infection is lacking. Despite protocols for post-illness return to sports, there's a need for campaigns to educate the running community on infection-related training risks.
{"title":"I'm sick? I don't train!\" – Relation between training during upper respiratory infection and myocarditis","authors":"Michał Żuchowski, Dominika Mańdziuk, Patrycja Niewinna, Przemysław Zaroda, Paweł Dąda, Paweł Pawlik, Wojciech Kołodziej, Klaudia Kołodziej, Jakub Wawrzkowicz, Monika Korga","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.70.49033","url":null,"abstract":"IntrocudtionMyocarditis is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac deaths among athletes. One of the factors increasing the risk of this disease is engaging in sports training during an infection. Many athletes, regardless of their level of advancement, are not aware of the risks associated with training during an infection, and those who are aware often ignore them and continue training. \u0000Purpose \u0000Assessment of behaviors and awareness among runners in Poland regarding the risk of developing myocarditis as a result of training during respiratory tract infections. \u0000Material and method \u0000In December 2023, a voluntary and anonymous online survey was conducted among a group of 399 adult runners from Poland. The survey included 13 questions, consisting of 11 single-choice questions and 2 multiple-choice questions. \u0000Results \u0000The percentage of individuals who do not associate training during an infection with an increased risk of myocarditis amounts to as much as 44.4% (n=177), while a staggering 86.7% (n=346) of respondents declare that they undertake training during respiratory infections. \u0000Conslusion \u0000After analyzing the survey, it's evident that while the Polish running community recognizes the risks of training during infections, many still exercise despite symptoms. Although most understand that intense training and early return to sports can harm health, awareness of myocarditis risks from exertion during infection is lacking. Despite protocols for post-illness return to sports, there's a need for campaigns to educate the running community on infection-related training risks. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140962767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.69.48460
Dominika Mańdziuk, Klaudia Kołodziej, Michał Żuchowski, Patrycja Niewinna, Przemysław Zaroda, Paweł Dąda, Paweł Pawlik, Wojciech Kołodziej, Jakub Wawrzkowicz, Monika Korga
Cervical cancer poses a global health challenge, being one of the most common cancers of the reproductive organs and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease, resulting from infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), tends to develop in advanced stages, significantly complicating effective treatment. Despite advancements in medicine, diagnostics, and therapy, cervical cancer remains a serious public health threat. Periodic surveillance through screening has significantly reduced the incidence of cervical cancer; however, in Poland, there is a notable gap between potentially available preventive measures and their actual utilization by the population. It has been observed that only around 20% of Polish women participate in screening programs, contributing to Poland having one of the highest rates of incidence and mortality from this type of cancer in Europe. This leads to the conclusion that cervical cancer constitutes an unresolved oncological and epidemiological problem in Poland. In the context of these challenges, a crucial aspect is understanding the level of public knowledge about cervical cancer, its risk factors, and available preventive measures. This study focuses on evaluating the societal knowledge regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer, identifying existing gaps, and suggesting potential areas for educational interventions.
{"title":"Cervical cancer - is there anything to worry about? Research on knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer among Poles","authors":"Dominika Mańdziuk, Klaudia Kołodziej, Michał Żuchowski, Patrycja Niewinna, Przemysław Zaroda, Paweł Dąda, Paweł Pawlik, Wojciech Kołodziej, Jakub Wawrzkowicz, Monika Korga","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.69.48460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.69.48460","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer poses a global health challenge, being one of the most common cancers of the reproductive organs and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease, resulting from infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), tends to develop in advanced stages, significantly complicating effective treatment. Despite advancements in medicine, diagnostics, and therapy, cervical cancer remains a serious public health threat. Periodic surveillance through screening has significantly reduced the incidence of cervical cancer; however, in Poland, there is a notable gap between potentially available preventive measures and their actual utilization by the population. It has been observed that only around 20% of Polish women participate in screening programs, contributing to Poland having one of the highest rates of incidence and mortality from this type of cancer in Europe. This leads to the conclusion that cervical cancer constitutes an unresolved oncological and epidemiological problem in Poland. In the context of these challenges, a crucial aspect is understanding the level of public knowledge about cervical cancer, its risk factors, and available preventive measures. This study focuses on evaluating the societal knowledge regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer, identifying existing gaps, and suggesting potential areas for educational interventions.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"51 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49454
Sandra Sarnacka, Jakub Kordialik, Julia Koćwin, Paula Bieganek, Bartosz Sadłowski, Stanisław Łukaszewicz, Piotr Pawłowski, Julia Rybak, Michał Tokarski, Angelika Banasiak
Individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations face significantly heightened likelihood of developing breast and ovarian cancers. Besides some lifestyle recommendations, like maintaining physical activity, healthy BMI, possibly early parenthood and breastfeeding, the management of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers includes gene mutation early-detection, screening, risk-reducing surgeries, and chemoprevention. Various prevention strategies exist, all aimed at monitoring patients and mitigating the cancer risks. However, even with the existence of national and international guidelines to direct prevention efforts, there is no ideal protocol that would be universally applicable for all individuals with mutated BRCA gene. This article aims to delve into the currently available surveillance and preventive strategies and explore the potential future avenues for early detection and risk reduction in BRCA mutation carriers.
{"title":"Modern Approaches and Future Perspectives on Breast and Ovarian Cancer Prevention Strategies in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: A Literature Overview","authors":"Sandra Sarnacka, Jakub Kordialik, Julia Koćwin, Paula Bieganek, Bartosz Sadłowski, Stanisław Łukaszewicz, Piotr Pawłowski, Julia Rybak, Michał Tokarski, Angelika Banasiak","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.69.49454","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations face significantly heightened likelihood of developing breast and ovarian cancers. Besides some lifestyle recommendations, like maintaining physical activity, healthy BMI, possibly early parenthood and breastfeeding, the management of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers includes gene mutation early-detection, screening, risk-reducing surgeries, and chemoprevention. Various prevention strategies exist, all aimed at monitoring patients and mitigating the cancer risks. However, even with the existence of national and international guidelines to direct prevention efforts, there is no ideal protocol that would be universally applicable for all individuals with mutated BRCA gene. This article aims to delve into the currently available surveillance and preventive strategies and explore the potential future avenues for early detection and risk reduction in BRCA mutation carriers.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"51 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and purpose Sleep apnea is a disturbance of sleep that affects about 10% of adult population and is not easily detected due to unspecific symptoms. The aim of this literature review is to present, respectively, obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea symptoms and integrate the available data in the literature regarding the pathogenesis and treatment methods. Materials and methods A review of literature was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar database. The search criteria included keywords such as sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea treatment, central sleep apnea treatment. State of knowledge Sleep disturbances that involve breathing can be categorized as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea. First one is associated with the obstruction of the upper airways and the second one – with malfunctioning breathing generator in the pontomedullary breathing pacemaker. Symptoms are unspecific which makes diagnostic process difficult. However, the right diagnosis and treatment may prevent patients from developing many cardiovascular diseases. Treatment options for OSA include: CPAP, reducing body weight, changing sleep position, braces and surgeries; for CSA: CPAP and acetazolamide. Conclusions OSA and CSA need to be further investigated in order to find more precise ways of diagnosis and treatment, as these diseases remain underreported. It is worth noting, that these conditions predispose to serious diseases, e.g. stroke. Therefore, developing new treatment techniques would beneficial for the health of population.
导言和目的 睡眠呼吸暂停是一种睡眠障碍，约影响 10%的成年人，由于症状不明确，不易被发现。本文献综述旨在分别介绍阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停的症状，并整合有关发病机制和治疗方法的现有文献数据。材料和方法 使用 PubMed 和谷歌学术数据库进行文献综述。搜索标准包括睡眠呼吸暂停、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停治疗、中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停治疗等关键词。知识现状 涉及呼吸的睡眠障碍可分为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）和中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停。前者与上呼吸道阻塞有关，后者则与髓质呼吸起搏器的呼吸发生器功能失常有关。症状没有特异性，因此诊断过程比较困难。然而，正确的诊断和治疗可以防止患者患上多种心血管疾病。治疗 OSA 的方法包括CPAP、减轻体重、改变睡眠姿势、支具和手术；对于 CSA：CPAP 和乙酰唑胺。结论 OSA 和 CSA 需要进一步研究，以便找到更精确的诊断和治疗方法，因为这些疾病的报告率仍然很低。值得注意的是，这些疾病容易引发中风等严重疾病。因此，开发新的治疗技术将有益于人们的健康。
{"title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic process of respiratory disorders during sleep","authors":"Karolina Maliszewska, Izabela Oleksak, Iwona Welian-Polus, Karolina Gendek, Wiktoria Wilanowska, Kamila Babkiewicz-Jahn, Justyna Matuszewska","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.68.50188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.68.50188","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose \u0000Sleep apnea is a disturbance of sleep that affects about 10% of adult population and is not easily detected due to unspecific symptoms. The aim of this literature review is to present, respectively, obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea symptoms and integrate the available data in the literature regarding the pathogenesis and treatment methods. \u0000Materials and methods \u0000A review of literature was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar database. The search criteria included keywords such as sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea treatment, central sleep apnea treatment. \u0000State of knowledge \u0000Sleep disturbances that involve breathing can be categorized as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea. First one is associated with the obstruction of the upper airways and the second one – with malfunctioning breathing generator in the pontomedullary breathing pacemaker. Symptoms are unspecific which makes diagnostic process difficult. However, the right diagnosis and treatment may prevent patients from developing many cardiovascular diseases. Treatment options for OSA include: CPAP, reducing body weight, changing sleep position, braces and surgeries; for CSA: CPAP and acetazolamide. \u0000Conclusions \u0000OSA and CSA need to be further investigated in order to find more precise ways of diagnosis and treatment, as these diseases remain underreported. It is worth noting, that these conditions predispose to serious diseases, e.g. stroke. Therefore, developing new treatment techniques would beneficial for the health of population.","PeriodicalId":15567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"31 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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