Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.1177/00952443231166143
Ceren Ozbay, O. Y. Gumus
Among biobased and biodegradable polymers, polylactic acid (PLA) is most widely used one. However, its poor mechanical properties need to be enhanced. In this study, PLA blend film with improved mechanical properties were developed without compromising any bio-content. For this, natural rubber derivative with acetate pendant group (ANR) and PLA blend films were prepared. First, natural rubber was epoxidized, and then partial acetylation was achieved by the ring-opening reaction of the epoxy groups. The epoxidation and the acetylation were examined by FTIR analysis. 1H-NMR spectrum revealed a 29% epoxidation and 8.25% acetylation degree. The Tg of natural rubber (−66°C) increased to −41°C and −31°C after epoxidation and acetylation, respectively. The compatibility of ENR and ANR with PLA was evident from the DSC results and Molau test. The morphology of PLA blend film containing 25 wt% of ANR (ANR25) was observed as well-dispersed fine droplets by SEM images. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and yield strength of ANR25 were measured as 11.6 MPa, 397.3 MPa, and 6.9 MPa, respectively. These values are considerably higher than neat PLA film. Compared to reported studies on PLA toughening so far, increments in both the strength and elongation of ANR25 were observed by tensile tests. Moreover, highest toughness among all samples was determined as 18.8 MJm−3 for ANR25, which is 1.8 times higher than neat PLA. Thus, a strong and tough bio-based PLA blend was developed for film application such as packaging and sheeting.
{"title":"Enhanced strength and toughness of polylactic acid by blending with modified natural rubber having acetate pendant group","authors":"Ceren Ozbay, O. Y. Gumus","doi":"10.1177/00952443231166143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231166143","url":null,"abstract":"Among biobased and biodegradable polymers, polylactic acid (PLA) is most widely used one. However, its poor mechanical properties need to be enhanced. In this study, PLA blend film with improved mechanical properties were developed without compromising any bio-content. For this, natural rubber derivative with acetate pendant group (ANR) and PLA blend films were prepared. First, natural rubber was epoxidized, and then partial acetylation was achieved by the ring-opening reaction of the epoxy groups. The epoxidation and the acetylation were examined by FTIR analysis. 1H-NMR spectrum revealed a 29% epoxidation and 8.25% acetylation degree. The Tg of natural rubber (−66°C) increased to −41°C and −31°C after epoxidation and acetylation, respectively. The compatibility of ENR and ANR with PLA was evident from the DSC results and Molau test. The morphology of PLA blend film containing 25 wt% of ANR (ANR25) was observed as well-dispersed fine droplets by SEM images. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and yield strength of ANR25 were measured as 11.6 MPa, 397.3 MPa, and 6.9 MPa, respectively. These values are considerably higher than neat PLA film. Compared to reported studies on PLA toughening so far, increments in both the strength and elongation of ANR25 were observed by tensile tests. Moreover, highest toughness among all samples was determined as 18.8 MJm−3 for ANR25, which is 1.8 times higher than neat PLA. Thus, a strong and tough bio-based PLA blend was developed for film application such as packaging and sheeting.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"13 1","pages":"653 - 676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81693404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.1177/00952443231165415
I. S. Azmi, Mohd Zulkipli Ab Kadir, Noor Atiqah Sharif, Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin, M. Jalil
In numerous chemical industrial sectors, the utilization of epoxidized vegetable oil has emerged as a prospective growing market for polymer development. The experiment was to discover the effectiveness of formic acid to sunflower oil molar ratio and catalysts type toward epoxidation reaction for polyols formation. Hydrolysis of an epoxide involved the reaction of an epoxide with water, resulting in the formation of a diol. Sunflower-based epoxide was carried out by in situ using performic acid mechanism with the temperature of 80°C. The optimum relative conversion to oxirane was obtained within 50 min which is 41.37% from 1:1 molar ratio of formic acid to sunflower oil and natural zeolite as a catalyst. The genetic algorithm was used to find the optimal set of parameters in the mathematical model, and MATLAB is used to implement the numerical integration and the optimization process. The kinetic rate, k parameters obtained k11 = 0.169, k12 = 33.072, k2 = 5.244 for epoxidation palm oil, and k3 = 3.89 × 10−5 in degradation process.
{"title":"A Novel Approach for Sunflower Oil Based Polyol Production by Ring Opening of Epoxidized Linoleic Acid","authors":"I. S. Azmi, Mohd Zulkipli Ab Kadir, Noor Atiqah Sharif, Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin, M. Jalil","doi":"10.1177/00952443231165415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231165415","url":null,"abstract":"In numerous chemical industrial sectors, the utilization of epoxidized vegetable oil has emerged as a prospective growing market for polymer development. The experiment was to discover the effectiveness of formic acid to sunflower oil molar ratio and catalysts type toward epoxidation reaction for polyols formation. Hydrolysis of an epoxide involved the reaction of an epoxide with water, resulting in the formation of a diol. Sunflower-based epoxide was carried out by in situ using performic acid mechanism with the temperature of 80°C. The optimum relative conversion to oxirane was obtained within 50 min which is 41.37% from 1:1 molar ratio of formic acid to sunflower oil and natural zeolite as a catalyst. The genetic algorithm was used to find the optimal set of parameters in the mathematical model, and MATLAB is used to implement the numerical integration and the optimization process. The kinetic rate, k parameters obtained k11 = 0.169, k12 = 33.072, k2 = 5.244 for epoxidation palm oil, and k3 = 3.89 × 10−5 in degradation process.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"32 1","pages":"626 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77113857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.1177/00952443231165427
Gülay Bahtiyar, M. Ekrem, B. Ünal, Safa Ak
In recent years, with increasing engineering applications, structural adhesives have played an increasingly important role in joining both metallic and non-metallic components. Polyurethane is frequently used in the adhesive industry due to its morphological structure, versatile material, and excellent matrix material. In addition, by doping polyurethane with single/multi-walled carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanoplates materials, the mechanical properties of the polyurethane adhesive can be further increased. This study aimed to increase the mechanical properties of PU (thermoset polyurethane), which is frequently used in adhesively bonded joints by addition of MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes), BNNP (boron nitride nanoplates). For this purpose, nanoparticles synergistic interaction was investigated by adding a mass of 0.25%, 0.35%, and 0.45% MWCNT into PU, which was reinforced by 0.5% BNNP before. Samples mechanical properties were determined by tensile test according to ASTM D638-10 standard, flexure test according to ASTM D790-02 standard, and Shore D test according to ASTM D2240 standard. All sample test results were graphed, and each graph was compared. Also, broken surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the damage mechanism of nanoparticles.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Damage Behaviours of Polyurethane Composites Reinforced With BNNP and MWCNT Hybrid Nanoparticles","authors":"Gülay Bahtiyar, M. Ekrem, B. Ünal, Safa Ak","doi":"10.1177/00952443231165427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231165427","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with increasing engineering applications, structural adhesives have played an increasingly important role in joining both metallic and non-metallic components. Polyurethane is frequently used in the adhesive industry due to its morphological structure, versatile material, and excellent matrix material. In addition, by doping polyurethane with single/multi-walled carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanoplates materials, the mechanical properties of the polyurethane adhesive can be further increased. This study aimed to increase the mechanical properties of PU (thermoset polyurethane), which is frequently used in adhesively bonded joints by addition of MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes), BNNP (boron nitride nanoplates). For this purpose, nanoparticles synergistic interaction was investigated by adding a mass of 0.25%, 0.35%, and 0.45% MWCNT into PU, which was reinforced by 0.5% BNNP before. Samples mechanical properties were determined by tensile test according to ASTM D638-10 standard, flexure test according to ASTM D790-02 standard, and Shore D test according to ASTM D2240 standard. All sample test results were graphed, and each graph was compared. Also, broken surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the damage mechanism of nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"50 1","pages":"613 - 625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83194769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1177/00952443231165426
Imen Taktak, Afef Mansouri, S. Souissi, Marie-Annie Etoh, A. Elloumi
Considerable interest has been shown in the development of biocomposite films for food packaging in recent years. In this study, biocomposite films based on polylactic acid (PLA) were prepared with varying levels of olive wood flour (OWF) (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) using the solvent casting method. To achieve better dispersion, 2% ethanol was added during the casting of the biocomposite films. The effect of OWF content on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the PLA films was investigated. Interaction between the OWF cellulose and the PLA matrix was revealed by FTIR spectroscopy analysis, and the addition of ethanol was found to be suitable for better dispersion of OWF, which resulted in decreased agglomeration rate in the biocomposites. The biocomposite films with the addition of 1% of OWF (OW1) exhibited the best dispersion, thermal stability, and tensile strength, with a gain of 31.07% (29.65 ± 6.6 MPa) and an increase in Young’s modulus of 15% (1199.18 ± 98 MPa). It was demonstrated that the properties of the PLA/OWF biocomposites make them suitable for green applications, including as film packaging for food products.
{"title":"Biocomposites Films Based on Polylactic Acid and Olive Wood-Flour: Investigation on Physical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties","authors":"Imen Taktak, Afef Mansouri, S. Souissi, Marie-Annie Etoh, A. Elloumi","doi":"10.1177/00952443231165426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231165426","url":null,"abstract":"Considerable interest has been shown in the development of biocomposite films for food packaging in recent years. In this study, biocomposite films based on polylactic acid (PLA) were prepared with varying levels of olive wood flour (OWF) (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) using the solvent casting method. To achieve better dispersion, 2% ethanol was added during the casting of the biocomposite films. The effect of OWF content on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the PLA films was investigated. Interaction between the OWF cellulose and the PLA matrix was revealed by FTIR spectroscopy analysis, and the addition of ethanol was found to be suitable for better dispersion of OWF, which resulted in decreased agglomeration rate in the biocomposites. The biocomposite films with the addition of 1% of OWF (OW1) exhibited the best dispersion, thermal stability, and tensile strength, with a gain of 31.07% (29.65 ± 6.6 MPa) and an increase in Young’s modulus of 15% (1199.18 ± 98 MPa). It was demonstrated that the properties of the PLA/OWF biocomposites make them suitable for green applications, including as film packaging for food products.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"64 1","pages":"597 - 612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82360296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.1177/00952443231163196
Drahomír Čadek, J. Simek, Agáta Foitlová, Alena Kadeřábková, Z. Hrdlička, Zhejing Cai, A. Kuta
Natural rubber, given its natural origin, is not composed exclusively of polyisoprene chains, but also of so-called non-rubber components such as proteins or phospholipids. Such compounds are responsible for gel formation - insoluble phase if natural rubber (NR) is in a proper solvent. Gel is one of the causes why the behavior of NR is non-standard during processing. The gel content is determined by various methods, while it is not examined in detail which method has a stronger relation to the rheological behavior of rubber. Three different methods (filtration, dissolution in toluene for three different times and Soxhlet extraction) used for determining the gel content of NR are compared in this paper. Analytical (ash content, molar mass measurement, …) and rheological (Mooney viscosity, rubber process analyzer measurements, …) measurements are performed and their results are correlated with the gel content values.
{"title":"Comparison of methods for determining the gel content in natural rubber and the effect of gel content on rheological behavior","authors":"Drahomír Čadek, J. Simek, Agáta Foitlová, Alena Kadeřábková, Z. Hrdlička, Zhejing Cai, A. Kuta","doi":"10.1177/00952443231163196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231163196","url":null,"abstract":"Natural rubber, given its natural origin, is not composed exclusively of polyisoprene chains, but also of so-called non-rubber components such as proteins or phospholipids. Such compounds are responsible for gel formation - insoluble phase if natural rubber (NR) is in a proper solvent. Gel is one of the causes why the behavior of NR is non-standard during processing. The gel content is determined by various methods, while it is not examined in detail which method has a stronger relation to the rheological behavior of rubber. Three different methods (filtration, dissolution in toluene for three different times and Soxhlet extraction) used for determining the gel content of NR are compared in this paper. Analytical (ash content, molar mass measurement, …) and rheological (Mooney viscosity, rubber process analyzer measurements, …) measurements are performed and their results are correlated with the gel content values.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"9 1","pages":"583 - 596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82309475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1177/00952443231163198
D. Wijewardane, M. Senevirathna, S. Siriwardena, D. Edirisinghe, Ycy Sudusingha
High percentage of non-rubbers in Skim Natural Rubber (SNR) has restricted its use in manufacture of advanced rubber products. SNR were melt blended with polypropylene (PP) at different blend ratios to generate thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). Standard Lanka Rubber (SLR) and PP blends were also prepared for the purpose of comparison. Tensile, hysteresis, hardness, water absorption, and dynamic mechanical properties of unvulcanized (UV) and dynamically vulcanized (DV) SNR/PP and SLR/PP blends were compared. Stress-strain behavior and TPE characteristics of both blends were similar. Tensile strength and modulus of SNR/PP blends decreased with the increase of SNR percentage. Elongation at break showed a decrease in UV blends and maxima at 50:50 blend ratio for DV blends. Dynamic vulcanization of the rubber phase improved tensile properties and hardness of the blends. Water absorption studies showed significantly higher equilibrium moisture content in SNR/PP blends, while difference in this property diminished with the increase of rubber phase. Water absorption and equilibrium moisture content decreased with dynamic vulcanization of rubber phase. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed multi-phase microstructure of the blends. Both blend systems showed similar dynamic mechanical properties and almost comparable thermo-mechanical properties confirming the potential of SNR as an alternative to SLR for selected applications.
{"title":"Preparation of skim natural rubber and polypropylene blends via melt blending: A study on physico-mechanical properties","authors":"D. Wijewardane, M. Senevirathna, S. Siriwardena, D. Edirisinghe, Ycy Sudusingha","doi":"10.1177/00952443231163198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231163198","url":null,"abstract":"High percentage of non-rubbers in Skim Natural Rubber (SNR) has restricted its use in manufacture of advanced rubber products. SNR were melt blended with polypropylene (PP) at different blend ratios to generate thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). Standard Lanka Rubber (SLR) and PP blends were also prepared for the purpose of comparison. Tensile, hysteresis, hardness, water absorption, and dynamic mechanical properties of unvulcanized (UV) and dynamically vulcanized (DV) SNR/PP and SLR/PP blends were compared. Stress-strain behavior and TPE characteristics of both blends were similar. Tensile strength and modulus of SNR/PP blends decreased with the increase of SNR percentage. Elongation at break showed a decrease in UV blends and maxima at 50:50 blend ratio for DV blends. Dynamic vulcanization of the rubber phase improved tensile properties and hardness of the blends. Water absorption studies showed significantly higher equilibrium moisture content in SNR/PP blends, while difference in this property diminished with the increase of rubber phase. Water absorption and equilibrium moisture content decreased with dynamic vulcanization of rubber phase. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed multi-phase microstructure of the blends. Both blend systems showed similar dynamic mechanical properties and almost comparable thermo-mechanical properties confirming the potential of SNR as an alternative to SLR for selected applications.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"8 1","pages":"559 - 582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86541675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.1177/00952443231163194
Baggya Karunarathna, M. Premathilaka, Prashantha Malavi Arachchige, Arunajith Perera
One of the major problems associated with the production process of cables is the tight adhesion between the insulation and jacket (blocking), which is resulted from electrostatic and Van der Waals interactions between the two polymer layers. It makes them difficult to separate without damaging the insulation. As a conventional approach, a talc layer is applied within the insulation and jacket interface to prevent the blocking between the jacket and insulation. However, maintaining a uniform talc layer is difficult, and the uneven distribution of talc particles produces a non-smooth surface. Therefore, the conventional talc layer method has limited efficiency in reducing the bocking. In this study, a surface modification was done for both the insulation and jacket using synthetic silica and crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This study evaluated the effect of these two additives on other physical properties, including heat stability, insulation resistance, tensile strength, elongation at break, and pressure stability. This study reveals that the application of synthetic silica has successfully reduced the blocking between insulation and jacket and favorably contributed to increasing insulation resistance. The optimum levels of anti-blocking agents to be used in the insulation and jacket compound have also been estimated by this investigation.
{"title":"Studying the impact of synthetic silica and cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate as anti-blocking agents on the physical properties of electric cables","authors":"Baggya Karunarathna, M. Premathilaka, Prashantha Malavi Arachchige, Arunajith Perera","doi":"10.1177/00952443231163194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231163194","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major problems associated with the production process of cables is the tight adhesion between the insulation and jacket (blocking), which is resulted from electrostatic and Van der Waals interactions between the two polymer layers. It makes them difficult to separate without damaging the insulation. As a conventional approach, a talc layer is applied within the insulation and jacket interface to prevent the blocking between the jacket and insulation. However, maintaining a uniform talc layer is difficult, and the uneven distribution of talc particles produces a non-smooth surface. Therefore, the conventional talc layer method has limited efficiency in reducing the bocking. In this study, a surface modification was done for both the insulation and jacket using synthetic silica and crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This study evaluated the effect of these two additives on other physical properties, including heat stability, insulation resistance, tensile strength, elongation at break, and pressure stability. This study reveals that the application of synthetic silica has successfully reduced the blocking between insulation and jacket and favorably contributed to increasing insulation resistance. The optimum levels of anti-blocking agents to be used in the insulation and jacket compound have also been estimated by this investigation.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"12 1","pages":"545 - 558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87807559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid development of electronic devices and rubber tires, the industry has put forward new requirements for the heat dissipation of rubber components. With excellent thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is often added to plastics or rubber as a thermally conductive filler, but is less effective when used directly. In this study, h-BN-K was prepared by direct modification of the mixed solution of KH-550, and KH-570, while h-BN-PK was prepared by co-modification of dopamine, KH-550, and KH-570. Two modified h-BN were added to natural rubber (NR) to improve the vulcanization properties, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity. It was found that the tensile strength and thermal conductivity of 20 wt% h-BN-PK/NR composites were 30.6 MPa and 0.335 W/mK, which were 39.1% and 110.7% higher compared to pure NR (22.0 MPa and 0.159 W/mK), respectively. In addition, the addition of h-BN improved the thermal stability performance of NR to some extent. In conclusion, the h-BN-PK/NR composites provide a certain reference for the use of thermally conductive NR and suggest new ideas for heat dissipation of electronic devices.
{"title":"Co-modified h-BN was used to improve the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of natural rubber","authors":"Xiao-yu Yang, X. He, Fuqin Xu, Zhaoyang Hou, Zhihui Ma, Jing Cai, Ruimin Jiao","doi":"10.1177/00952443231160243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231160243","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of electronic devices and rubber tires, the industry has put forward new requirements for the heat dissipation of rubber components. With excellent thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is often added to plastics or rubber as a thermally conductive filler, but is less effective when used directly. In this study, h-BN-K was prepared by direct modification of the mixed solution of KH-550, and KH-570, while h-BN-PK was prepared by co-modification of dopamine, KH-550, and KH-570. Two modified h-BN were added to natural rubber (NR) to improve the vulcanization properties, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity. It was found that the tensile strength and thermal conductivity of 20 wt% h-BN-PK/NR composites were 30.6 MPa and 0.335 W/mK, which were 39.1% and 110.7% higher compared to pure NR (22.0 MPa and 0.159 W/mK), respectively. In addition, the addition of h-BN improved the thermal stability performance of NR to some extent. In conclusion, the h-BN-PK/NR composites provide a certain reference for the use of thermally conductive NR and suggest new ideas for heat dissipation of electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"48 1","pages":"526 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82159106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.1177/00952443231160236
M. Sabet
The mechanical and thermal properties of polycarbonate (PC) mixed with graphene oxide (GO) were investigated on an experimental basis in this study. PC composites with GO concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.75 wt% were produced using a compression molding technique. The results showed that 10%, 26%, 55%, and 98% increased tensile strength, respectively, in comparison to PC. The thermo-mechanical test showed the tan δ value of the sample with 0.2 wt% GO reached 149.9°C, indicating a shift of 4.8° in the high-temperature region when compared to pure PC. Other mechanical tests, such as impact strength, elongation at break, and young modulus displayed the ultimate improvement for PC composites with 0.2 wt% GO content, showing that interactions with the PC and enhancements in mechanical and thermal characteristics are owing to oxygen functional groups in pure GO, mainly carboxyl portions. Therefore, the current study offers an exceptional structural characteristic, which makes the PC composite polymer qualified for high-performance composite.
{"title":"The impact of graphene oxide on the mechanical and thermal strength properties of polycarbonate","authors":"M. Sabet","doi":"10.1177/00952443231160236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231160236","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical and thermal properties of polycarbonate (PC) mixed with graphene oxide (GO) were investigated on an experimental basis in this study. PC composites with GO concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.75 wt% were produced using a compression molding technique. The results showed that 10%, 26%, 55%, and 98% increased tensile strength, respectively, in comparison to PC. The thermo-mechanical test showed the tan δ value of the sample with 0.2 wt% GO reached 149.9°C, indicating a shift of 4.8° in the high-temperature region when compared to pure PC. Other mechanical tests, such as impact strength, elongation at break, and young modulus displayed the ultimate improvement for PC composites with 0.2 wt% GO content, showing that interactions with the PC and enhancements in mechanical and thermal characteristics are owing to oxygen functional groups in pure GO, mainly carboxyl portions. Therefore, the current study offers an exceptional structural characteristic, which makes the PC composite polymer qualified for high-performance composite.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"20 1","pages":"511 - 525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90921897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1177/00952443231158783
Abdelhamid Cherfi, Karima DEHAK-OUGHLISSI, Sid-Ali Bali, Touhami Ben Meddour
In the present study, full factorial designs were used to model and optimize the mechanical properties of PVC-based formulations constituting three-core power cables: sheathing, insulation and stuffing, while respecting the standards in force, and aiming for a minimum cost. The effects of 4 parameters: plasticizer content (X1), filler content (X2), stabilizing agent content (X3) and the kind of plasticizer were investigated on the following properties: Density (D), Hardness (H), Elongation at break (EB) and Fracture resistance (FR), as well as the price (DA/kg of formulation). The desirability-based optimization gave the following values: EB = 214.72%, FR = 19.94 MPa and Price = 116.71 DA/kg for the sheathing; EB = 198.11%, FR = 4.38 MPa and Price = 61.73 DA/kg for the stuffing; EB = 207.84%, FR = 19.35 MPa and Price = 102.73 DA/kg for the insulation. The study revealed also that the order of significance of the effects on the mechanical properties was: X1>X2>X3 and that the use of cheapest plasticizer did not affect greatly the mechanical properties.
{"title":"Technical-economic study of PVC-based formulations intended to industrial 3-wire electric cables, using a full factorial design methodology","authors":"Abdelhamid Cherfi, Karima DEHAK-OUGHLISSI, Sid-Ali Bali, Touhami Ben Meddour","doi":"10.1177/00952443231158783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00952443231158783","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, full factorial designs were used to model and optimize the mechanical properties of PVC-based formulations constituting three-core power cables: sheathing, insulation and stuffing, while respecting the standards in force, and aiming for a minimum cost. The effects of 4 parameters: plasticizer content (X1), filler content (X2), stabilizing agent content (X3) and the kind of plasticizer were investigated on the following properties: Density (D), Hardness (H), Elongation at break (EB) and Fracture resistance (FR), as well as the price (DA/kg of formulation). The desirability-based optimization gave the following values: EB = 214.72%, FR = 19.94 MPa and Price = 116.71 DA/kg for the sheathing; EB = 198.11%, FR = 4.38 MPa and Price = 61.73 DA/kg for the stuffing; EB = 207.84%, FR = 19.35 MPa and Price = 102.73 DA/kg for the insulation. The study revealed also that the order of significance of the effects on the mechanical properties was: X1>X2>X3 and that the use of cheapest plasticizer did not affect greatly the mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":15613,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Elastomers & Plastics","volume":"20 1","pages":"426 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74127569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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