Pub Date : 2017-02-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000369
M. Petrov, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Corrie M. Whisner, Mihyun Jeong, Michaela Denniston, Michael W. Moramarco, M. Gallagher, E. Reifsnider
Objective: Diet is a modifiable factor associated with pediatric obesity outcomes, but few studies have evaluated the relationships of sleep duration and regularity on dietary intake of young preschool-aged children. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether short sleep duration and irregular sleep timing were associated with greater calorie, carbohydrate and fat consumption among young children with obesity from low-income families. Methods: Fifty-one ethnically diverse children aged 2 to 4 years were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children clinics in a southeast Texas county. Sleep behaviors were parent reported using the Child Sleep Assessment tool. Dietary intake data were obtained by 24-hour recall interviews (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day). Results: Short sleep duration (<11 hr) was highly prevalent among this cohort of preschool-aged children. Short sleep duration was associated with greater fat and decreased carbohydrate consumption. Children with greater variability in sleep duration and timing had greater energy intake from fat and protein sources. Conclusion: Allowing for the opportunity to educate parents on the importance of maintaining regular, adequate sleep and relationships between sleep and dietary intake may decrease the risk of childhood obesity in this high-risk pediatric population.
{"title":"Relationship of Sleep Duration and Regularity with Dietary Intake Among Preschool-Aged Children with Obesity from Low-Income Families","authors":"M. Petrov, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Corrie M. Whisner, Mihyun Jeong, Michaela Denniston, Michael W. Moramarco, M. Gallagher, E. Reifsnider","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000369","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Diet is a modifiable factor associated with pediatric obesity outcomes, but few studies have evaluated the relationships of sleep duration and regularity on dietary intake of young preschool-aged children. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether short sleep duration and irregular sleep timing were associated with greater calorie, carbohydrate and fat consumption among young children with obesity from low-income families. Methods: Fifty-one ethnically diverse children aged 2 to 4 years were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children clinics in a southeast Texas county. Sleep behaviors were parent reported using the Child Sleep Assessment tool. Dietary intake data were obtained by 24-hour recall interviews (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day). Results: Short sleep duration (<11 hr) was highly prevalent among this cohort of preschool-aged children. Short sleep duration was associated with greater fat and decreased carbohydrate consumption. Children with greater variability in sleep duration and timing had greater energy intake from fat and protein sources. Conclusion: Allowing for the opportunity to educate parents on the importance of maintaining regular, adequate sleep and relationships between sleep and dietary intake may decrease the risk of childhood obesity in this high-risk pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"20 1","pages":"120–128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82495120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000385
N. Murphy, A. Epstein, H. Leonard, E. Davis, D. Reddihough, A. Whitehouse, P. Jacoby, J. Bourke, Katrina Jane Williams, J. Downs
Objective: There are many challenges to health, functioning, and participation for children with Down syndrome; yet, the quality-of-life (QOL) domains important for this group have never been clearly articulated. This study investigated parental observations to identify QOL domains in children with Down syndrome and determined whether domains differed between children and adolescents. Methods: The sample comprised 17 families whose child with Down syndrome was aged 6 to 18 years. Primary caregivers took part in semistructured telephone interviews to explore aspects of their child's life that were satisfying or challenging. Qualitative thematic analysis was implemented using a grounded theory framework to identify domains. The coded data set was divided into 2 groups (childhood and adolescence) at 3 age cut points to observe whether differences existed between the coded domains and domain elements: (1) 6 to 11 years with 12 to 18 years; (2) 6 to 13 years with 14 to 18 years; and (3) 6 to 15 years with 16 to 18 years. Results: Eleven domains were identified: physical health, behavior and emotion, personal value, communication, movement and physical activity, routines and predictability, independence and autonomy, social connectedness and relationships, variety of activities, nature and outdoors, and access to services. No differences in domains and domain elements were identified across childhood and adolescence. Conclusion: Our data form a preliminary framework from which to design investigations of the child's perspectives on life quality and suggest a range of necessary supports and services.
{"title":"Qualitative Analysis of Parental Observations on Quality of Life in Australian Children with Down Syndrome","authors":"N. Murphy, A. Epstein, H. Leonard, E. Davis, D. Reddihough, A. Whitehouse, P. Jacoby, J. Bourke, Katrina Jane Williams, J. Downs","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000385","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: There are many challenges to health, functioning, and participation for children with Down syndrome; yet, the quality-of-life (QOL) domains important for this group have never been clearly articulated. This study investigated parental observations to identify QOL domains in children with Down syndrome and determined whether domains differed between children and adolescents. Methods: The sample comprised 17 families whose child with Down syndrome was aged 6 to 18 years. Primary caregivers took part in semistructured telephone interviews to explore aspects of their child's life that were satisfying or challenging. Qualitative thematic analysis was implemented using a grounded theory framework to identify domains. The coded data set was divided into 2 groups (childhood and adolescence) at 3 age cut points to observe whether differences existed between the coded domains and domain elements: (1) 6 to 11 years with 12 to 18 years; (2) 6 to 13 years with 14 to 18 years; and (3) 6 to 15 years with 16 to 18 years. Results: Eleven domains were identified: physical health, behavior and emotion, personal value, communication, movement and physical activity, routines and predictability, independence and autonomy, social connectedness and relationships, variety of activities, nature and outdoors, and access to services. No differences in domains and domain elements were identified across childhood and adolescence. Conclusion: Our data form a preliminary framework from which to design investigations of the child's perspectives on life quality and suggest a range of necessary supports and services.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"47 1","pages":"161–168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77851907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000366
Anna Hung, A. Cassedy, H. Schultz, K. Yeates, H. Taylor, T. Stancin, N. Walz, S. Wade
Objective: Pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) adversely affect long-term functional and social outcomes. Limited research suggests children with TBI are more likely to be victimized by peers than noninjured children. Deficits in social information processing (SIP), cognitive ability, and executive functioning (EF) may contribute to increased victimization risk. This study examined rates of peer victimization/bullying in children with early TBI compared with children with orthopedic injuries (OIs) and the role of processing speed, executive function (EF), and SIP as mediators of the association of TBI and peer victimization. Method: Children ages 10 to 14 years who sustained a complicated mild/moderate or severe TBI (N = 58) or OI (N = 72) during early childhood (ages 3–7 yr) and their parents participated in a longitudinal prospective follow-up 6.8 years postinjury. SIP, EF and processing speed, and peer victimization were assessed. Results: Parents of children with severe TBI reported greater rates of peer victimization than parents of children with OIs. Children with severe TBI demonstrated greater EF deficits than children with complicated mild/moderate TBI or OI and poorer processing speed than children with OI. No significant indirect relationships were found between groups and any outcome variables to indicate mediation. Conclusion: Based on parent report, children with severe TBI have higher risk of peer victimization than those with less severe injuries. In addition, children with severe TBI have more impaired EF and cognitive ability than counterparts with less severe TBI. Further research is needed to explore predictors of long-term victimization after early TBI to create interventions aimed at providing social, emotional, and behavioral skill building for victimized youth.
{"title":"Predictors of Long-Term Victimization After Early Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Anna Hung, A. Cassedy, H. Schultz, K. Yeates, H. Taylor, T. Stancin, N. Walz, S. Wade","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000366","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) adversely affect long-term functional and social outcomes. Limited research suggests children with TBI are more likely to be victimized by peers than noninjured children. Deficits in social information processing (SIP), cognitive ability, and executive functioning (EF) may contribute to increased victimization risk. This study examined rates of peer victimization/bullying in children with early TBI compared with children with orthopedic injuries (OIs) and the role of processing speed, executive function (EF), and SIP as mediators of the association of TBI and peer victimization. Method: Children ages 10 to 14 years who sustained a complicated mild/moderate or severe TBI (N = 58) or OI (N = 72) during early childhood (ages 3–7 yr) and their parents participated in a longitudinal prospective follow-up 6.8 years postinjury. SIP, EF and processing speed, and peer victimization were assessed. Results: Parents of children with severe TBI reported greater rates of peer victimization than parents of children with OIs. Children with severe TBI demonstrated greater EF deficits than children with complicated mild/moderate TBI or OI and poorer processing speed than children with OI. No significant indirect relationships were found between groups and any outcome variables to indicate mediation. Conclusion: Based on parent report, children with severe TBI have higher risk of peer victimization than those with less severe injuries. In addition, children with severe TBI have more impaired EF and cognitive ability than counterparts with less severe TBI. Further research is needed to explore predictors of long-term victimization after early TBI to create interventions aimed at providing social, emotional, and behavioral skill building for victimized youth.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"110 1","pages":"49–57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83934376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000386
Dana C. Won, C. Guilleminault, P. Koltai, Stacey D. Quo, M. Stein, I. Loe
CASE Carly is a 5-year-old girl who presents for an interdisciplinary evaluation due to behaviors at school and home suggestive of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Parent report of preschool teacher concerns was consistent with ADHD. Psychological testing showed verbal, visual-spatial, and fluid reasoning IQ scores in the average range; processing speed and working memory were below average. Carly's behavior improved when her mother left the room, and she was attentive during testing with a psychologist. Tests of executive function (EF) skills showed mixed results. Working memory was in the borderline range, although scores for response inhibition and verbal fluency were average. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms and EF difficulties were elevated.Carly's parents recently separated; she now lives with her mother and sees her father on weekends. Multiple caregivers with inconsistent approaches to discipline assist with child care while her mother works at night as a medical assistant. Family history is positive for ADHD and learning problems in her father. Medical history is unremarkable. Review of systems is significant for nightly mouth breathing and snoring, but no night waking, bruxism, or daytime sleepiness. She has enlarged tonsils and a high-arched palate on physical examination.At a follow-up visit, parent rating scales are consistent with ADHD-combined type; teacher rating scales support ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type. Snoring has persisted. A sleep study indicated obstructive sleep apnea. After adenotonsillectomy, Carly had significant improvement in ADHD symptoms. She developed recurrence of behavior problems 1 year after the surgery.
{"title":"It Is Just Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder…or Is It?","authors":"Dana C. Won, C. Guilleminault, P. Koltai, Stacey D. Quo, M. Stein, I. Loe","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000386","url":null,"abstract":"CASE Carly is a 5-year-old girl who presents for an interdisciplinary evaluation due to behaviors at school and home suggestive of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Parent report of preschool teacher concerns was consistent with ADHD. Psychological testing showed verbal, visual-spatial, and fluid reasoning IQ scores in the average range; processing speed and working memory were below average. Carly's behavior improved when her mother left the room, and she was attentive during testing with a psychologist. Tests of executive function (EF) skills showed mixed results. Working memory was in the borderline range, although scores for response inhibition and verbal fluency were average. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms and EF difficulties were elevated.Carly's parents recently separated; she now lives with her mother and sees her father on weekends. Multiple caregivers with inconsistent approaches to discipline assist with child care while her mother works at night as a medical assistant. Family history is positive for ADHD and learning problems in her father. Medical history is unremarkable. Review of systems is significant for nightly mouth breathing and snoring, but no night waking, bruxism, or daytime sleepiness. She has enlarged tonsils and a high-arched palate on physical examination.At a follow-up visit, parent rating scales are consistent with ADHD-combined type; teacher rating scales support ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type. Snoring has persisted. A sleep study indicated obstructive sleep apnea. After adenotonsillectomy, Carly had significant improvement in ADHD symptoms. She developed recurrence of behavior problems 1 year after the surgery.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78802456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000458
Carol Weitzman, Cy B. Nadler, K. Murray, Rachel M. Moore, J. H. Sia
{"title":"Journal Article Reviews.","authors":"Carol Weitzman, Cy B. Nadler, K. Murray, Rachel M. Moore, J. H. Sia","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90317137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000359
Nour Al Ghriwati, Joshua M. Langberg, W. Gardner, J. Peugh, K. Kelleher, Rebecca A. Baum, William B. Brinkman, P. Lichtenstein, J. Epstein
Objective: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often exhibit psychiatric comorbidities, which may impact illness presentation, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. Guidelines exist for dealing with these complex cases but little is known about how comorbidities are being handled in community pediatric settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how mental health comorbidities affect community physicians' ADHD care practices and patients' symptom trajectories. Method: Medical charts of 319 children presenting at primary care clinics for ADHD-related concerns were reviewed. Physician assessment and treatment behaviors were extracted and parents rated ADHD symptoms at the time of diagnosis and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Baseline ratings were used to group children, as no comorbid mental health condition, internalizing, or externalizing comorbid condition. Multilevel analyses compared community physician care behaviors and ADHD symptom trajectories across groups. Results: Approximately, 50 percent of the sample met screening criteria for a comorbid mental health condition. For children diagnosed with ADHD and treated with medication, community physician care largely did not differ across groups, but children with internalizing comorbidities made significantly smaller improvements in inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms compared with children with no comorbidities. Conclusion: Children with ADHD and mental health comorbidities, particularly internalizing disorders, exhibit less robust response to ADHD medication and may require additional testing before starting medication and/or alternative treatment approaches. Potential barriers to conducting comprehensive assessments and to providing multi-modal treatment are discussed.
{"title":"Impact of Mental Health Comorbidities on the Community-Based Pediatric Treatment and Outcomes of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Nour Al Ghriwati, Joshua M. Langberg, W. Gardner, J. Peugh, K. Kelleher, Rebecca A. Baum, William B. Brinkman, P. Lichtenstein, J. Epstein","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000359","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often exhibit psychiatric comorbidities, which may impact illness presentation, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. Guidelines exist for dealing with these complex cases but little is known about how comorbidities are being handled in community pediatric settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how mental health comorbidities affect community physicians' ADHD care practices and patients' symptom trajectories. Method: Medical charts of 319 children presenting at primary care clinics for ADHD-related concerns were reviewed. Physician assessment and treatment behaviors were extracted and parents rated ADHD symptoms at the time of diagnosis and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Baseline ratings were used to group children, as no comorbid mental health condition, internalizing, or externalizing comorbid condition. Multilevel analyses compared community physician care behaviors and ADHD symptom trajectories across groups. Results: Approximately, 50 percent of the sample met screening criteria for a comorbid mental health condition. For children diagnosed with ADHD and treated with medication, community physician care largely did not differ across groups, but children with internalizing comorbidities made significantly smaller improvements in inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms compared with children with no comorbidities. Conclusion: Children with ADHD and mental health comorbidities, particularly internalizing disorders, exhibit less robust response to ADHD medication and may require additional testing before starting medication and/or alternative treatment approaches. Potential barriers to conducting comprehensive assessments and to providing multi-modal treatment are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"517 1","pages":"20–28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77144043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000400
J. Santosuosso, K. Strand, B. Surran, N. Rosman, M. Augustyn
CASE Cayden is a 6.3-year-old boy who you have been following in our practice since birth. He was born at 35.5 weeks at 6 pounds 4 ounces following a fraternal twin gestation. Both children were "on target" with their milestones, but Cayden did not seem to progress as quickly as his sister. He did not initiate play with his sister when they were toddlers and Cayden was the "shy" one.
{"title":"Developmental Coordination Disorder Plus: A Diagnosis by Exclusion?","authors":"J. Santosuosso, K. Strand, B. Surran, N. Rosman, M. Augustyn","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000400","url":null,"abstract":"CASE Cayden is a 6.3-year-old boy who you have been following in our practice since birth. He was born at 35.5 weeks at 6 pounds 4 ounces following a fraternal twin gestation. Both children were \"on target\" with their milestones, but Cayden did not seem to progress as quickly as his sister. He did not initiate play with his sister when they were toddlers and Cayden was the \"shy\" one.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86021062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000379
J. Smith, Zorash Montaño, A. Maynard, T. Miloh
&NA; Family functioning is associated with obesity-related chronic illnesses and impedes effective treatment of weight-related conditions, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives: Evaluate the utility of a brief screening measure of family functioning among youth aged 8 to 18 years being treated in a specialty care clinic for NAFLD. Methods: Thirty-nine youths and their caregivers participated. Relations between family functioning and anthropometric and biochemical variables assessed 3 to 6 months later were evaluated using regression analyses, controlling for child age, gender, and ethnicity. Results: Family functioning was related to significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and levels of cholesterol, HbA1c, and glucose, but not serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)—a marker of NAFLD—controlling for baseline levels. The magnitudes of effects were medium for models of BMI (Cohen's f2 = 0.29), cholesterol (0.32), and blood glucose (0.30) and small to medium for HbA1c (0.23) and ALT (0.10). Conclusion: This is the first study to examine the role of family functioning in youth with NALFD. Treatment programs might consider screening for family functioning to identify families that could benefit from a family-centered behavioral intervention.
{"title":"Family Functioning Predicts Body Mass Index and Biochemical Levels of Youths with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"J. Smith, Zorash Montaño, A. Maynard, T. Miloh","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000379","url":null,"abstract":"&NA; Family functioning is associated with obesity-related chronic illnesses and impedes effective treatment of weight-related conditions, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives: Evaluate the utility of a brief screening measure of family functioning among youth aged 8 to 18 years being treated in a specialty care clinic for NAFLD. Methods: Thirty-nine youths and their caregivers participated. Relations between family functioning and anthropometric and biochemical variables assessed 3 to 6 months later were evaluated using regression analyses, controlling for child age, gender, and ethnicity. Results: Family functioning was related to significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and levels of cholesterol, HbA1c, and glucose, but not serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)—a marker of NAFLD—controlling for baseline levels. The magnitudes of effects were medium for models of BMI (Cohen's f2 = 0.29), cholesterol (0.32), and blood glucose (0.30) and small to medium for HbA1c (0.23) and ALT (0.10). Conclusion: This is the first study to examine the role of family functioning in youth with NALFD. Treatment programs might consider screening for family functioning to identify families that could benefit from a family-centered behavioral intervention.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"31 1","pages":"155–160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83726910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000368
Alice C. Burnett, Katherine J. Lee, J. Cheong, Cinzia R. De Luca, G. Roberts, S. Wood, L. Doyle, P. Anderson
Objective: To (1) compare adolescent- and parent-perceived family functioning between extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight (<28 wk/<1000 g, EP/ELBW) and normal birth weight (>2499 g, NBW) adolescents and (2) determine whether adolescents' or parents' ratings of family functioning were related to concurrent depression and anxiety symptoms in the adolescent and whether these relationships varied by birth group. Methods: One hundred ninety-three EP/ELBW and 151 NBW adolescents (aged 15–20 yr) and their parents rated aspects of family functioning on the Family Environment Scale. Adolescents rated current depression and anxiety symptoms on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Family functioning was compared across the groups using linear regression, and logistic regression was used to assess relationships between family functioning domains and elevated depression and anxiety scores. Results: Compared with NBW controls, EP/ELBW adolescents reported similar levels of family Cohesiveness and Expressiveness, but less Conflict, and more Organization and Control. Parent ratings of family functioning were similar between groups except for higher Control scores in EP/ELBW group parents. Poorer family functioning as rated by adolescents, but not parents, was associated with increased depression/anxiety symptoms. These findings were generally consistent across both the EP/ELBW and control groups. Conclusion: EP/ELBW adolescents report generally positive family functioning. While adolescents' perceptions of family functioning are associated with concurrent adolescent mental health, parental perceptions of family functioning may not be indicative of adolescents' mental health. Importantly, EP/ELBW adolescents do not appear to be more vulnerable to anxiety/depression in the context of poorly perceived family functioning than their NBW peers.
{"title":"Family Functioning and Mood and Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents Born Extremely Preterm","authors":"Alice C. Burnett, Katherine J. Lee, J. Cheong, Cinzia R. De Luca, G. Roberts, S. Wood, L. Doyle, P. Anderson","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000368","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To (1) compare adolescent- and parent-perceived family functioning between extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight (<28 wk/<1000 g, EP/ELBW) and normal birth weight (>2499 g, NBW) adolescents and (2) determine whether adolescents' or parents' ratings of family functioning were related to concurrent depression and anxiety symptoms in the adolescent and whether these relationships varied by birth group. Methods: One hundred ninety-three EP/ELBW and 151 NBW adolescents (aged 15–20 yr) and their parents rated aspects of family functioning on the Family Environment Scale. Adolescents rated current depression and anxiety symptoms on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Family functioning was compared across the groups using linear regression, and logistic regression was used to assess relationships between family functioning domains and elevated depression and anxiety scores. Results: Compared with NBW controls, EP/ELBW adolescents reported similar levels of family Cohesiveness and Expressiveness, but less Conflict, and more Organization and Control. Parent ratings of family functioning were similar between groups except for higher Control scores in EP/ELBW group parents. Poorer family functioning as rated by adolescents, but not parents, was associated with increased depression/anxiety symptoms. These findings were generally consistent across both the EP/ELBW and control groups. Conclusion: EP/ELBW adolescents report generally positive family functioning. While adolescents' perceptions of family functioning are associated with concurrent adolescent mental health, parental perceptions of family functioning may not be indicative of adolescents' mental health. Importantly, EP/ELBW adolescents do not appear to be more vulnerable to anxiety/depression in the context of poorly perceived family functioning than their NBW peers.","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"13 1","pages":"39–48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74732280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000422
Carol Weitzman, Rachel M. Moore, J. H. Sia, Sarah S Nyp, K. Murray
{"title":"Journal Article Reviews.","authors":"Carol Weitzman, Rachel M. Moore, J. H. Sia, Sarah S Nyp, K. Murray","doi":"10.1097/DBP.0000000000000422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15655,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics","volume":"580 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76319089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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