Wenyang Shi, Xiankun Liu, Min Gao, Lei Tao, Jiajia Bai, Qingjie Zhu
Fractured anticline reservoirs are mostly developed by a line production well located at the top position and a line injecting well located at the bottom position. The production well is often interference with by multiple injecting wells, but there is little related research about multiple injecting well interference. To solve this problem, an extended bottom-hole pressuredrop (BHPD) response model for production well interfered with by multiple injection wells was presented to capture the injection interference and gravity effect. The proposed model's correctness is validated by the software numerical simulation, and low regimes were identified by the BHPD and its derivative curve. Research results show that: (i) The BHPD derivative curve has a 1/2 slope line, V-shape, and 1 slope line in reservoir linear flow regime, inter-porosity flow regime, and interference flow regime, respectively. (ii) The drop rate of pressure increases with the increase of formation transmissibility and storability. The bigger the fracture storability, the more obvious the V-shape feature in the derivative curve of BHPD. As the inter-porosity flow coefficient increases, the V-shape feature emerges later. (iii) The beginning time of the interference flow becomes later when the interference distance increases. When the injection rate trends to the production rate, the BHPD curve shows a slight drop and its derivative curve has an intermittent rupture. (iv) The influence of the gravity effect is not ignored. Due to the gravity effect, the BHPD interfered by constant injection well like the BHPD's behavior interfered by the closed boundary. This work provides technical support for capturing the source and degree of interference from well group in the heterogeneous fractured anticline reservoir.
{"title":"Pressuredrop response characteristics for multi-injection well interfered vertical well in heterogeneous fractured anticline reservoirs","authors":"Wenyang Shi, Xiankun Liu, Min Gao, Lei Tao, Jiajia Bai, Qingjie Zhu","doi":"10.1115/1.4062081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062081","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fractured anticline reservoirs are mostly developed by a line production well located at the top position and a line injecting well located at the bottom position. The production well is often interference with by multiple injecting wells, but there is little related research about multiple injecting well interference. To solve this problem, an extended bottom-hole pressuredrop (BHPD) response model for production well interfered with by multiple injection wells was presented to capture the injection interference and gravity effect. The proposed model's correctness is validated by the software numerical simulation, and low regimes were identified by the BHPD and its derivative curve. Research results show that: (i) The BHPD derivative curve has a 1/2 slope line, V-shape, and 1 slope line in reservoir linear flow regime, inter-porosity flow regime, and interference flow regime, respectively. (ii) The drop rate of pressure increases with the increase of formation transmissibility and storability. The bigger the fracture storability, the more obvious the V-shape feature in the derivative curve of BHPD. As the inter-porosity flow coefficient increases, the V-shape feature emerges later. (iii) The beginning time of the interference flow becomes later when the interference distance increases. When the injection rate trends to the production rate, the BHPD curve shows a slight drop and its derivative curve has an intermittent rupture. (iv) The influence of the gravity effect is not ignored. Due to the gravity effect, the BHPD interfered by constant injection well like the BHPD's behavior interfered by the closed boundary. This work provides technical support for capturing the source and degree of interference from well group in the heterogeneous fractured anticline reservoir.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48101437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darrieus type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (SB-VAWTs) are more appropriate for generating electricity than other VAWTs mostly suitable for regions having low to medium wind speed. The installation of SB-VAWTs faces start-up problems, which limits its applicability in low wind speed environments. The start-up problem arises mainly due to the cross-sectional blade profile and is the crucial parameter for blade design. To overcome this issue, it is aimed to study the influence of the J-shape airfoil with various opening ratios in the Darrieus type SB-VAWTs in terms of starting torque and aerodynamic performance. The design of a J-shape airfoil is created by removing a portion towards the trailing edge of the conventional NACA 4415 airfoil on its upper or lower surface. This analysis displays a maximum power coefficient of 0.517 when the Darrieus type SB-VAWT utilizes upper cut J-shape airfoils with opening ratio of 0.8, at the tip speed ratio (TSR) of 1.6. These values are higher than the power coefficient (0.486) of conventional NACA 4415 airfoil at the same TSR. The SB-VAWT depicts a lower performance while it employs the lower cut J-shape airfoils. Furthermore, the present study demonstrates that the power and torque coefficient of SB-VAWT improves by about 31% when the opening ratio of upper cut J-shape airfoil is varied from 0.1 to 0.8.
{"title":"Synergistic Effect of J-shape Airfoil on the Performance of Darrieus Type Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine","authors":"Kabita Naik, N. Sahoo","doi":"10.1115/1.4062082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062082","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Darrieus type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (SB-VAWTs) are more appropriate for generating electricity than other VAWTs mostly suitable for regions having low to medium wind speed. The installation of SB-VAWTs faces start-up problems, which limits its applicability in low wind speed environments. The start-up problem arises mainly due to the cross-sectional blade profile and is the crucial parameter for blade design. To overcome this issue, it is aimed to study the influence of the J-shape airfoil with various opening ratios in the Darrieus type SB-VAWTs in terms of starting torque and aerodynamic performance. The design of a J-shape airfoil is created by removing a portion towards the trailing edge of the conventional NACA 4415 airfoil on its upper or lower surface. This analysis displays a maximum power coefficient of 0.517 when the Darrieus type SB-VAWT utilizes upper cut J-shape airfoils with opening ratio of 0.8, at the tip speed ratio (TSR) of 1.6. These values are higher than the power coefficient (0.486) of conventional NACA 4415 airfoil at the same TSR. The SB-VAWT depicts a lower performance while it employs the lower cut J-shape airfoils. Furthermore, the present study demonstrates that the power and torque coefficient of SB-VAWT improves by about 31% when the opening ratio of upper cut J-shape airfoil is varied from 0.1 to 0.8.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48073618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a new method to fabricate micromodels having homogeneous and heterogeneous porous structure is reported to gain the fundamental insight into the flow through porous media. The technique of micro particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to map the pore scale velocity field inside the micromodels. A thin perforated metal sheet composed of uniformly distributed circular holes is used as the master pattern, and the replica of the negative of this perforated sheet is transferred to a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate using a method similar to the soft lithography. This method allows an efficient fabrication of micromodels having different porosity by adjusting and selecting the perforated sheets of different hole sizes. The prepared micromodels were tested for its applicability and reliability by carrying out the measurements of pore scale velocity distribution using the micro-PIV technique. The experiments with micromodels with high porosity but different grain arrangements showed qualitative as well as quantitative difference in the velocity field. The pressure drop across the two ends of micromodel is also measured. The varation of pressure difference with the flow rate is found to be non linear with significant effect of the patterns of micropillars. However, at low porosity the variation of pressure difference with the flow rate is found linear and there is almost no influence of the micropillar patterns. The flow visualization measurements are also conducted with the dual porosity micromodels and the flow patterns were examined by analyzing the velocity vector maps.
{"title":"A New Method to Develop Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Porous Micromodels Applicable to Enhanced Oil Recovery and Flow Visualization Experiments","authors":"Najrul Haque, Anugrah Singh, U. Saha","doi":"10.1115/1.4057032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4057032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, a new method to fabricate micromodels having homogeneous and heterogeneous porous structure is reported to gain the fundamental insight into the flow through porous media. The technique of micro particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to map the pore scale velocity field inside the micromodels. A thin perforated metal sheet composed of uniformly distributed circular holes is used as the master pattern, and the replica of the negative of this perforated sheet is transferred to a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate using a method similar to the soft lithography. This method allows an efficient fabrication of micromodels having different porosity by adjusting and selecting the perforated sheets of different hole sizes. The prepared micromodels were tested for its applicability and reliability by carrying out the measurements of pore scale velocity distribution using the micro-PIV technique. The experiments with micromodels with high porosity but different grain arrangements showed qualitative as well as quantitative difference in the velocity field. The pressure drop across the two ends of micromodel is also measured. The varation of pressure difference with the flow rate is found to be non linear with significant effect of the patterns of micropillars. However, at low porosity the variation of pressure difference with the flow rate is found linear and there is almost no influence of the micropillar patterns. The flow visualization measurements are also conducted with the dual porosity micromodels and the flow patterns were examined by analyzing the velocity vector maps.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48743388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radio-frequency (RF) heating is a novel thermal stimulation method in developing coalbed methane (CBM). Various research has been conducted on the effect of electromagnetic (EM) heating on the physical properties of coal. However, few studies considered the working conditions of underground coal seam heating. This paper calculates the coal seam temperature distribution based on the coupling between electromagnetic wave propagation and heat transfer in a vertical well to study the influence of coal seam metamorphism and thermoelectric characteristics on temperature distribution. The reservoir thermophysical parameters related to temperature are considered in the heat transfer and wave equations, respectively. Numerical simulations reveal the influence of coal ranks and thermo-electrical properties on heating efficacy. Results indicate that the temperature in the vicinity of the RF heater is relatively high, and the whole heated zone forms an elliptical shape. Low-metamorphism coal, such as lignite, is more functional for RF heating and has a broad heating range, leading to a uniform diffusion coefficient enhancement and good thermal homogeneity. Higher thermal conductivity, lower specific heat capacity, and water saturation can expand the heating area and reduce the temperature near the borehole, benefiting the maintenance of wellbore integrity. The coal seam relative permittivity has little effect on the reservoir temperature when its value is between 2.4 and 6.4.
{"title":"A numerical analysis of radio frequency heating of coal with different ranks","authors":"Rui Liu, Xuelin Dong, D. Gao","doi":"10.1115/1.4057033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4057033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Radio-frequency (RF) heating is a novel thermal stimulation method in developing coalbed methane (CBM). Various research has been conducted on the effect of electromagnetic (EM) heating on the physical properties of coal. However, few studies considered the working conditions of underground coal seam heating. This paper calculates the coal seam temperature distribution based on the coupling between electromagnetic wave propagation and heat transfer in a vertical well to study the influence of coal seam metamorphism and thermoelectric characteristics on temperature distribution. The reservoir thermophysical parameters related to temperature are considered in the heat transfer and wave equations, respectively. Numerical simulations reveal the influence of coal ranks and thermo-electrical properties on heating efficacy. Results indicate that the temperature in the vicinity of the RF heater is relatively high, and the whole heated zone forms an elliptical shape. Low-metamorphism coal, such as lignite, is more functional for RF heating and has a broad heating range, leading to a uniform diffusion coefficient enhancement and good thermal homogeneity. Higher thermal conductivity, lower specific heat capacity, and water saturation can expand the heating area and reduce the temperature near the borehole, benefiting the maintenance of wellbore integrity. The coal seam relative permittivity has little effect on the reservoir temperature when its value is between 2.4 and 6.4.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47429664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The shortage of fossil fuels has been growing at a faster pace every year, which is the reason why it is necessary to switch to alternative fuels without making significant modifications to diesel engines. Because it satisfies the standards, biodiesel can serve as an efficient alternative to fuels derived from petroleum. Although biofuels may be produced from a wide variety of edible sources, the development of biofuels from non-edible sources has been shown to be more beneficial in terms of both the economical approach and the performance of the fuel. The addition of the non-carbonous source of nanoparticles is able to significantly increase the performance of the engine. The experimental investigation was carried out in a variety of chicken waste biodiesel blends that also contained titanium oxides at the rate of 50 ppm and 100 ppm. The used biodiesel blends were CWB10% (90% diesel + 10% chicken biodiesel), CWB20% (80% diesel + 20% chicken biodiesel), and nanoparticles were added at the rate of 5 ppm and 10 ppm. It was necessary to estimate the performance, emission, and combustion parameters of the utilized chicken waste biodiesel in order to arrive at an accurate assessment of its quality as a fuel. When comparing the outcomes of using biodiesel blends, the pure diesel results were utilized as a point of comparison. According to the findings, the application of biodiesel led to results that were just average. However, when titanium oxide was included in the mix, the outcomes of the experiment were much enhanced.
{"title":"Prediction of waste chicken fat biodiesel blends as the potential substitute for the diesel engine with oxygenated additives","authors":"Subramani Nithya, Antony Casmir Jeyaseelan, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Saleh Alfarraj, Jhanani G.K","doi":"10.1115/1.4057031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4057031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The shortage of fossil fuels has been growing at a faster pace every year, which is the reason why it is necessary to switch to alternative fuels without making significant modifications to diesel engines. Because it satisfies the standards, biodiesel can serve as an efficient alternative to fuels derived from petroleum. Although biofuels may be produced from a wide variety of edible sources, the development of biofuels from non-edible sources has been shown to be more beneficial in terms of both the economical approach and the performance of the fuel. The addition of the non-carbonous source of nanoparticles is able to significantly increase the performance of the engine. The experimental investigation was carried out in a variety of chicken waste biodiesel blends that also contained titanium oxides at the rate of 50 ppm and 100 ppm. The used biodiesel blends were CWB10% (90% diesel + 10% chicken biodiesel), CWB20% (80% diesel + 20% chicken biodiesel), and nanoparticles were added at the rate of 5 ppm and 10 ppm. It was necessary to estimate the performance, emission, and combustion parameters of the utilized chicken waste biodiesel in order to arrive at an accurate assessment of its quality as a fuel. When comparing the outcomes of using biodiesel blends, the pure diesel results were utilized as a point of comparison. According to the findings, the application of biodiesel led to results that were just average. However, when titanium oxide was included in the mix, the outcomes of the experiment were much enhanced.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49250064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erosion prediction of the solid propellent nozzle is vital for its design process. This erosion is caused by the impingement of agglomerated aluminum/aluminum oxide particles on the nozzle walls. Thus, a multi-phase numerical model is established based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to model the aluminum particles burning inside the combustion chamber and simulate the mechanical erosion of the nozzle. The numerical model is validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature. Then it is simplified by eliminating the aluminum particles burning process as they do not reach the nozzle. The simplified model will be further used in modeling the agglomerates' breakup and predicting the mechanical erosion for aluminum particles with lower surface tension. The results showed that applying the Reitz-Diwakar breakup model reduces the erosion rate by 6.2% - 24% depending on the injected droplets. In addition, it was found that a decrease in the erosion rate by 1% to 4.5% can be achieved by reducing the aluminum additive's surface tension by 15%.
{"title":"Mechanical Erosion Investigation in Solid Rocket Motor Nozzle Through Droplet Breakup and Surface Tension Influence","authors":"Mohamed Abousabae, R. Amano","doi":"10.1115/1.4056995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056995","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Erosion prediction of the solid propellent nozzle is vital for its design process. This erosion is caused by the impingement of agglomerated aluminum/aluminum oxide particles on the nozzle walls. Thus, a multi-phase numerical model is established based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to model the aluminum particles burning inside the combustion chamber and simulate the mechanical erosion of the nozzle. The numerical model is validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature. Then it is simplified by eliminating the aluminum particles burning process as they do not reach the nozzle. The simplified model will be further used in modeling the agglomerates' breakup and predicting the mechanical erosion for aluminum particles with lower surface tension. The results showed that applying the Reitz-Diwakar breakup model reduces the erosion rate by 6.2% - 24% depending on the injected droplets. In addition, it was found that a decrease in the erosion rate by 1% to 4.5% can be achieved by reducing the aluminum additive's surface tension by 15%.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper investigates the feasibility of a tri-generation energy system in an industrial scenario with a modest size in terms of levels of electricity, heat, and cooling consumption. The technology under consideration is the fuel cell technology, both Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, and Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, compared to other more mature technologies, such as Micro Gas Turbines. The proposed investigation takes into account several scenarios: the existing economy and state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved energy systems; the state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved technologies and economic subsidies; and a future scenario that takes into account economies of scale and better performance by using the key metrics for fuel cell technology forecasted as 2030 target at European level. The PEMFCs with lithium-ion storage resulted to be characterized by total efficiencies in the order of 75% over three reference periods. In terms of emissions, they guarantee a decrease in carbon dioxide equivalent released into the atmosphere equal to 40% of the reference emissions for a separate generation.
{"title":"Feasibility Analysis of Fuel Cell-based Tri-generation Energy System via the Adoption of a Multi-objective Optimization Tool","authors":"M. Genovese, G. Lucarelli, P. Fragiacomo","doi":"10.1115/1.4056994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056994","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present paper investigates the feasibility of a tri-generation energy system in an industrial scenario with a modest size in terms of levels of electricity, heat, and cooling consumption. The technology under consideration is the fuel cell technology, both Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, and Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, compared to other more mature technologies, such as Micro Gas Turbines. The proposed investigation takes into account several scenarios: the existing economy and state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved energy systems; the state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved technologies and economic subsidies; and a future scenario that takes into account economies of scale and better performance by using the key metrics for fuel cell technology forecasted as 2030 target at European level. The PEMFCs with lithium-ion storage resulted to be characterized by total efficiencies in the order of 75% over three reference periods. In terms of emissions, they guarantee a decrease in carbon dioxide equivalent released into the atmosphere equal to 40% of the reference emissions for a separate generation.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42962948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydraulic fracturing is an indispensable procedure to the economic development of shale gas. The flowback of the hydraulic fracturing fluid is one of the most important parameters recorded after shale gas wells are put into production. Generally, the flowback ratio is used as the flowback indicator. The flowback ratio has a great influence on shale gas production. However, the flowback ratio is subjected to various affecting factors with their correlativity unclear. Based on a large amount of original geological, engineering, and dynamic data acquired from 373 hydraulically-fractured horizontal wells in the Weiyuan Shale Gas Field, the flowback characteristics were systematically studied based on machine learning. Based on the data analysis and random forest forecasting, a new indicator, single-cluster flowback ratio, was proposed, which can more effectively reflect the inherent relationship between flowback fluid volume and influencing factors. The results of training random forests show that this indicator has better learnability and predictability. A good linear relationship exists between single-cluster flowback ratios in different production stages. Accordingly, the 30-day single-cluster flowback ratio can be used to predict the 90-day and 180-day single-cluster flowback ratios. The main controlling factors of production and flowback ratio were also systematically analyzed. It is found that the main controlling factors of the flowback ratio include the number of fracturing clusters, the total amount of sand and number of fracturing stages. This study can provide a fundamental reference for analyzing the hydraulically fracturing fluid flowback for shale gas reservoirs.
{"title":"Machine-learning-based hydraulic fracturing flowback forecasting","authors":"Jinyuan Guo, Weisi Guo, Lixia Kang, Xiaowei Zhang, Jinliang Gao, Yuyang Liu, Ji Liu, Haiqing Yu","doi":"10.1115/1.4056993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056993","url":null,"abstract":"Hydraulic fracturing is an indispensable procedure to the economic development of shale gas. The flowback of the hydraulic fracturing fluid is one of the most important parameters recorded after shale gas wells are put into production. Generally, the flowback ratio is used as the flowback indicator. The flowback ratio has a great influence on shale gas production. However, the flowback ratio is subjected to various affecting factors with their correlativity unclear. Based on a large amount of original geological, engineering, and dynamic data acquired from 373 hydraulically-fractured horizontal wells in the Weiyuan Shale Gas Field, the flowback characteristics were systematically studied based on machine learning. Based on the data analysis and random forest forecasting, a new indicator, single-cluster flowback ratio, was proposed, which can more effectively reflect the inherent relationship between flowback fluid volume and influencing factors. The results of training random forests show that this indicator has better learnability and predictability. A good linear relationship exists between single-cluster flowback ratios in different production stages. Accordingly, the 30-day single-cluster flowback ratio can be used to predict the 90-day and 180-day single-cluster flowback ratios. The main controlling factors of production and flowback ratio were also systematically analyzed. It is found that the main controlling factors of the flowback ratio include the number of fracturing clusters, the total amount of sand and number of fracturing stages. This study can provide a fundamental reference for analyzing the hydraulically fracturing fluid flowback for shale gas reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48834104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiwei Wang, Yan Chen, Gaofeng Chen, T. Sun, Mengju Zhang, Qun Wang, Mengge Wu, Shuai Guo, Shuhua Yang, Tingzhou Lei, K. R. Burra, Ashwani K. Gupta
The co-thermal chemical conversion of biomass and waste tires is an important direction for the utilization of waste resources to produce renewable energy. In this study, the products distribution and synergistic effects during the co-pyrolysis of agricultural residues and waste tire were analyzed by a pyrolyzer coupled with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis products were analyzed at 550°C and 650°C for maize stalk (MS), wheat straw (WS), waste tire (WT) feedstocks, as well as mixtures of wheat straw-waste tire (WS:WT mass ratio of 1:1), and maize stalk-waste tire (MS:WT mass ratio of 1:1). The results showed that the co-pyrolysis of agricultural residues and waste tire promoted the release of phenols, aldehydes and ketone derivatives, and reduced the formation of H2 and H2O. In addition, relatively high content of aromatic hydrocarbons was obtained at 650°C temperature, while 550°C was optimal when considering the formation of ketones. The results showed synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis of biomass and waste tire.
{"title":"Products Distribution and Synergistic Effects Analysis during Co-Pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues and Waste Tire Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Zhiwei Wang, Yan Chen, Gaofeng Chen, T. Sun, Mengju Zhang, Qun Wang, Mengge Wu, Shuai Guo, Shuhua Yang, Tingzhou Lei, K. R. Burra, Ashwani K. Gupta","doi":"10.1115/1.4056940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056940","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The co-thermal chemical conversion of biomass and waste tires is an important direction for the utilization of waste resources to produce renewable energy. In this study, the products distribution and synergistic effects during the co-pyrolysis of agricultural residues and waste tire were analyzed by a pyrolyzer coupled with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis products were analyzed at 550°C and 650°C for maize stalk (MS), wheat straw (WS), waste tire (WT) feedstocks, as well as mixtures of wheat straw-waste tire (WS:WT mass ratio of 1:1), and maize stalk-waste tire (MS:WT mass ratio of 1:1). The results showed that the co-pyrolysis of agricultural residues and waste tire promoted the release of phenols, aldehydes and ketone derivatives, and reduced the formation of H2 and H2O. In addition, relatively high content of aromatic hydrocarbons was obtained at 650°C temperature, while 550°C was optimal when considering the formation of ketones. The results showed synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis of biomass and waste tire.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47422547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Overconsumption of fossil fuels has accelerated global warming and raised environmental air pollution levels. Recent studies have looked into the potential use of alternative, environmentally friendly fuels for diesel engines in response to the rising need for oil. Biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel that is environmentally friendly. The significant increase in NOx emissions is the most notable disadvantage of biodiesel. This study examined the effect of antioxidant-treated Jatropha biodiesel on the performance and exhaust emission parameters of a VCR diesel engine. For this study; diesel, Jatropha biodiesel (B30) and phenolic antioxidant additive diphenylamine at 100 ppm is added by weight to the B30 blend named as B30+DPA, was used. A hybrid RSM and MCDM approaches such as AHP and COPRAS technique has been used to produce a sustainable model to derive the optimum models for output responses. From experimental findings, the antioxidant significantly reduced NOx emission. The inclusion of DPA to tested blend lowered the average NOx emissions and BSFC by 7.4% and 7.8% respectively as compared with B30. Also, the BMEP of B30+DPA is 5.01% and 0.38% higher than diesel and B30, CPMax is 0.9% higher than B30, but 3.4% lower than diesel. The optimal setting of engine input parameters is recorded at CR of 15, 7.5% EGR-HOT and 12 kg load, for optimum BP, BMEP, BSFC, CPMax and NOx emissions. Therefore, the B30+DPA blend is suitable for enhancing diesel engine performance and minimizing exhaust emissions.
{"title":"A Hybrid Response Surface Methodology and Multi-Criteria Decision Making model to investigate the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Phenolic antioxidant additive and Biodiesel Blends","authors":"Vijay Kumar, A. Choudhary","doi":"10.1115/1.4056939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056939","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Overconsumption of fossil fuels has accelerated global warming and raised environmental air pollution levels. Recent studies have looked into the potential use of alternative, environmentally friendly fuels for diesel engines in response to the rising need for oil. Biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel that is environmentally friendly. The significant increase in NOx emissions is the most notable disadvantage of biodiesel. This study examined the effect of antioxidant-treated Jatropha biodiesel on the performance and exhaust emission parameters of a VCR diesel engine. For this study; diesel, Jatropha biodiesel (B30) and phenolic antioxidant additive diphenylamine at 100 ppm is added by weight to the B30 blend named as B30+DPA, was used. A hybrid RSM and MCDM approaches such as AHP and COPRAS technique has been used to produce a sustainable model to derive the optimum models for output responses. From experimental findings, the antioxidant significantly reduced NOx emission. The inclusion of DPA to tested blend lowered the average NOx emissions and BSFC by 7.4% and 7.8% respectively as compared with B30. Also, the BMEP of B30+DPA is 5.01% and 0.38% higher than diesel and B30, CPMax is 0.9% higher than B30, but 3.4% lower than diesel. The optimal setting of engine input parameters is recorded at CR of 15, 7.5% EGR-HOT and 12 kg load, for optimum BP, BMEP, BSFC, CPMax and NOx emissions. Therefore, the B30+DPA blend is suitable for enhancing diesel engine performance and minimizing exhaust emissions.","PeriodicalId":15676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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