Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness最新文献_第8页

Validity of the SKILLCOURT® technology for agility and cognitive performance assessment in healthy active adults SKILLCOURT®技术对健康活跃成人敏捷性和认知表现评估的有效性

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.04.003

Thorben Hülsdünker , David Friebe , Florian Giesche , Lutz Vogt , Florian Pfab , Christian Haser , Winfried Banzer

Background/Objectives

Agility and cognitive abilities are typically assessed separately by different motor and cognitive tests. While many agility tests lack a reactive decision-making component, cognitive assessments are still mainly based on computer-based or paper-pencil tests with low ecological validity. This study is the first to validate the novel SKILLCOURT technology as an integrated assessment tool for agility and cognitive-motor performance.

Methods

Thirty-two healthy adults performed agility (Star Run), reactive agility (Random Star Run) and cognitive-motor (executive function test, 1-back decision making) performance assessments on the SKILLCOURT. Cognitive-motor tests included lower limb responses in a standing position to increase the ecological validity when compared to computer-based tests. Test results were compared to established motor and agility tests (countermovement jump, 10 m linear sprint, T-agility tests) as well as computer-based cognitive assessments (choice-reaction, Go-NoGo, task switching, memory span). Correlation and multiple regression analyses quantified the relation between SKILLCOURT performance and motor and cognitive outcomes.

Results

Star Run and Random Star Run tests were best predicted by linear sprint (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and T-agility performance (r = 0.77, p < 0.001), respectively. The executive function test performance was well explained by computer-based assessments on choice reaction speed and cognitive flexibility (r = 0.64, p < 0.001). The 1-back test on the SKILLCOURT revealed moderate but significant correlations with the computer-based assessments (r = 0.47, p = 0.007).

Conclusion

The results support the validity of the SKILLCOURT technology for agility and cognitive assessments in more ecologically valid cognitive-motor tasks. This technology provides a promising alternative to existing performance assessment tools.

背景/目的敏捷性和认知能力通常通过不同的运动和认知测试分开评估。虽然许多敏捷性测试缺乏反应性决策成分，但认知评估仍然主要基于基于计算机或纸笔的测试，生态效度较低。这项研究首次验证了新的SKILLCOURT技术作为敏捷性和认知运动表现的综合评估工具。方法32名健康成人在SKILLCOURT上进行敏捷性(Star Run)、反应性敏捷性(Random Star Run)和认知运动(执行功能测试，1-back决策)绩效评估。与基于计算机的测试相比，认知运动测试包括站立位置的下肢反应，以增加生态效度。测试结果与既定的运动和敏捷性测试(反动作跳跃、10米直线冲刺、t敏捷性测试)以及基于计算机的认知评估(选择-反应、Go-NoGo、任务切换、记忆广度)进行了比较。相关和多元回归分析量化了SKILLCOURT表现与运动和认知结果之间的关系。结果线性冲刺对Star Run和Random Star Run试验的预测效果最好(r = 0.68, p <0.001)和t敏捷性(r = 0.77, p <分别为0.001)。选择反应速度和认知灵活性的计算机评估很好地解释了执行功能测试的表现(r = 0.64, p <0.001)。SKILLCOURT的1-back测试显示与基于计算机的评估有中度但显著的相关性(r = 0.47, p = 0.007)。结论该结果支持了SKILLCOURT技术在更生态有效的认知运动任务中的敏捷性和认知评估的有效性。该技术为现有的性能评估工具提供了一个有希望的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Results from Portugal's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and youth 来自葡萄牙2022年儿童和青少年体育活动报告卡的结果

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.05.002

Andreia Pizarro , José Miguel Oliveira-Santos , Rute Santos , José Carlos Ribeiro , Maria Paula Santos , Manuel Coelho-e-Silva , Armando M. Raimundo , Luís B. Sardinha , Jorge Mota

Background/Objectives

The purpose of this study is to update results of Portuguese's Report Card on Physical activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents.

Methods

The grades were assigned by results derived from the PA and Fitness in Portugal 2021 Portuguese Report Card and corresponds to the third report for the Portuguese children and adolescents. It includes indicators of PA and sedentary behavior (SB) that are common to the GLOBAL matrix 4.0: Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behaviors, Family and Peers, School, Community and the Environment, Government and Physical Fitness. The search focused on published national evidence/data sources (academia, NGO, governmental) from end 2018 onwards excluding data obtained during the covid-19 pandemic.

Results

The grades were assigned as follows: Overall PA (D⁻), Organized Sport Participation (C⁻), Active Play (D⁺), Active Transportation (D⁻), Sedentary behaviors (C⁺), Physical Fitness (C), Family and Peers (B), School (A), Community and Environment (B), and Government (B).

Conclusion

In line with previous Portuguese Report Cards, a large proportion of Portuguese children and adolescents are not sufﬁciently active nor fit enough setting urgency for effective strategies. Particular attention should be given to Active play, Active transport and Organized Sports Participation has their grades have decreased. Some actions in selected indicators as Governmental and policy seems promising however results weren't seen yet. Despite the strong support of schools with mandatory curricula in PE no correspondent change is observed in fitness or PA, so more research is needed to find why.

背景/目的本研究的目的是更新葡萄牙儿童和青少年体育活动报告卡(PA)的结果。方法根据《2021年葡萄牙健康报告卡》和《2021年葡萄牙健康报告卡》的结果进行评分，并与葡萄牙儿童和青少年第三次报告相对应。它包括全球矩阵4.0中常见的PA和久坐行为(SB)指标:整体身体活动，有组织的运动和身体活动，主动游戏，主动交通，久坐行为，家庭和同伴，学校，社区和环境，政府和身体健康。搜索的重点是2018年底以来公布的国家证据/数据来源(学术界、非政府组织、政府)，不包括2019冠状病毒病大流行期间获得的数据。结果评分如下:总体PA (D -)，有组织的体育参与(C -)，积极游戏(D+)，积极交通(D -)，久坐行为(C+)，身体健康(C)，家庭和同伴(B)，学校(A)，社区和环境(B)和政府(B)。结论与以前的葡萄牙报告卡一致，很大一部分葡萄牙儿童和青少年活动不足，也没有足够的紧迫感采取有效的策略。应特别注意主动玩耍、主动交通和有组织的体育参与，因为他们的成绩有所下降。政府和政策等选定指标的一些行动似乎很有希望，但尚未看到结果。尽管学校大力支持体育必修课程，但在健身和体育活动中没有发现相应的变化，因此需要更多的研究来找出原因。

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引用次数: 1

Physical literacy and the participant perspective: Exploring the value of physical literacy according to individuals experiencing disability through composite narratives 身体素养与参与者视角:通过复合叙事探索身体素养在残障个体中的价值

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.03.001

Kyle Pushkarenko , Mikaeli Cavell , Nicholas Gosse , Emilie Michalovic

Background/Objectives

Physical literacy (PL) is essential to the holistic human experience, emphasizing embodied capability and affording opportunities for inclusive engagement. Despite its recent use as a core programming element, PL from the experiential point of view of individuals experiencing disability has yet to be explored. Excluding these perspectives promotes a culture of ableism, one that devalues the embodied capabilities of those experiencing the world differently. The purpose of this study was to highlight the participant perspective related to PL and explore the value individuals experiencing disability attribute to PL and its development.

Methods

Using the communities of practice theoretical model of knowledge as a conceptual framework, 13 participants experiencing disability participated in two focus groups. Participants’ experiences were thematized via the use of thematic analysis, and voices were portrayed through composite narratives, highlighting the shared participant experience and value associated with PL.

Results

Three themes emerged: (1) imagine the possibilities, (2) dance like nobody's watching, and (3) no wrong way to move. Composite narratives reflect PL as a valued means of exploration and learning, personal growth, and opportunity related to physical activity and social interaction. Participant value was considered to be enhanced via a learning climate affording opportunities for developing autonomy and a sense of belonging.

Conclusion

This research provides an authentic understanding of PL within the context of disability, and what might be used to facilitate its development in such an environment. Individuals experiencing disability contributed to this knowledge and must be continually involved to ensure PL development is inclusive to all.

背景/目的身体素养(physical literacy, PL)对人类的整体体验至关重要，它强调具体能力并提供包容性参与的机会。尽管PL最近被用作核心编程元素，但从经历残疾的个人的经验角度来看，它还有待探索。排除这些观点会促进一种残疾歧视文化，这种文化贬低了那些以不同方式体验世界的人的具体能力。本研究旨在透过参与者视角，探讨残障个体对残障人格的价值属性及其发展。方法以实践社区知识理论模型为概念框架，对13名残障人士进行两个焦点小组的研究。通过主题分析将参与者的经历主题化，并通过复合叙事来描绘声音，突出与pls相关的共同参与者经验和价值。结果出现了三个主题:(1)想象可能性，(2)像没有人看一样跳舞，(3)没有错误的移动方式。综合叙事反映了体育作为一种探索和学习、个人成长以及与体育活动和社会互动相关的机会的有价值的手段。参与者的价值被认为是通过提供发展自主和归属感的机会的学习氛围而提高的。本研究提供了对残疾背景下PL的真实理解，以及在这种环境下如何促进其发展。经历过残疾的个人对这种知识做出了贡献，必须不断参与，以确保PL的发展对所有人都是包容的。

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引用次数: 2

Measuring physical literacy for an evidence-based approach: Validation of the French perceived physical literacy instrument for emerging adults 以证据为基础的方法测量身体素养:对新兴成人的法国感知身体素养工具的验证

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.06.001

Joseph Gandrieau , Olivier Dieu , François Potdevin , Thibaut Derigny , Christophe Schnitzler

Background/Objectives

Physical Literacy (PL) is increasingly recognized as a key element in studies aimed at promoting Physical Activity (PA), but measurement tools for emerging adults and evidence for assessing and using this concept is lacking in a wide range of contexts. We aimed to validate the French version of the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (PPLI): a scale for investigating PL in young French adults.

Methods

After PL and PA data collection (n = 2,248, age_mean = 19 ± 1.53 yrs), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's α and Omega's ω and an Intraclass-Correlation analysis were undertaken. Spearman's rank correlation and the Boruta algorithm were used to investigate the association between PL and PA. Boruta's algorithm examined deeper external validation by analyzing the strength of an overall PL score in explaining PA, compared with separate dimensions of PL and individual characteristics (BMI, sex).

Results

Results showed an acceptable level of reliability (ICC = 0.91), internal validity (α = 0.88; ω = 0.77), and external validity (Rhô >0.18, p < 0.01). The Boruta algorithm highlighted that the construct of PL is a significant predictor of PA, although not the strongest one which is social and affective dimension.

Conclusion

This study provided data on validity and reliability of the first French assessment tool to measure PL constituted by four intertwined dimensions (physical, cognitive, social, affective). At the same time, it provides new evidence of the association between PL and PA.

背景/目的体育素养(Physical Literacy, PL)越来越被认为是促进体育活动(Physical Activity, PA)研究中的一个关键因素，但在广泛的背景下，缺乏用于新兴成人的测量工具和评估和使用这一概念的证据。我们的目的是验证法语版的感知身体素养工具(PPLI):一个调查法国年轻人身体素养的量表。方法收集PL和PA数据(n = 2248，平均年龄= 19±1.53岁)后，进行探索性和验证性因素分析、Cronbach's α和Omega's ω以及班级内相关分析。采用Spearman’s rank correlation和Boruta算法研究PL与PA之间的关系。Boruta的算法通过分析总体PL分数在解释PA方面的强度，与PL和个体特征(BMI，性别)的单独维度进行比较，研究了更深层次的外部验证。结果本研究具有可接受的信度(ICC = 0.91)、内部效度(α = 0.88;ω= 0.77)和外部效度(ρ在0.18,p & lt;0.01)。Boruta算法强调，尽管社会和情感维度不是最强的，但PL结构是PA的显著预测因子。结论本研究提供了法国首个评估工具的效度和信度数据，该工具由身体、认知、社会、情感四个维度组成。同时，为PL和PA之间的关联提供了新的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Significant others and students’ leisure-time physical activity intention: A prospective test of the social influence in sport model 显著他人与学生闲暇时间体育活动意愿:运动模式社会影响的前瞻性检验

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.04.002

Diana L.Y. Su , Alfred S.Y. Lee , Joan S.K. Chung , Tracy C.W. Tang , Catherine M. Capio , Lei Zhang , Derwin K.C. Chan

Background/Objectives

This two-wave prospective study applied the Social Influence in Sport Model to investigate whether the social influences of parents, physical education (PE) teachers, and peers were predictive of students' intention to engage in leisure-time physical activity (PA).

Methods

Participants were 2,484 secondary school students (11–18 years old) who completed a questionnaire assessing positive influence, punishment, and dysfunction from the three social agents (parents, PE teachers, and peers) at baseline, and PA intention at a 1-month follow-up. Structural equation modelling (SEM) yielded excellent goodness-of-fit and consistent pathways between the three social agents.

Results

Students' leisure-time PA intention (R² = .103 to 0.112) was positively associated with positive influence (β = .223 to 0.236, p < .001) and punishment (β = .214 to 0.256, p < .01), and negatively associated with dysfunction (β = - 0.281 to -.335, p < .001). Multi-group SEM showed that the predictions were invariant between parents, PE teachers, and peers. Furthermore, no significant differences in students' gender were found between perceived social influence and PA intention.

Conclusion

The findings supported the application of the Social Influence in Sport Model in explaining the role of significant others on students’ intention to take part in leisure-time PA.

背景/目的本研究采用体育社会影响模型，探讨家长、体育教师和同伴的社会影响对学生业余体育活动意向的预测作用。方法研究对象为2484名11-18岁的中学生，他们完成了一份问卷，在基线时评估来自三个社会主体(父母、体育老师和同伴)的积极影响、惩罚和功能障碍，并在1个月的随访中评估PA意图。结构方程模型(SEM)在三个社会主体之间产生了良好的拟合优度和一致的路径。结果学生闲暇时间PA意向与积极影响呈正相关(R2 = 0.103 ~ 0.112) (β = 0.223 ~ 0.236, p <.001)和惩罚(β = 0.214至0.256,p <.01)，与功能障碍呈负相关(β = - 0.281至-。335, p <措施)。多组扫描电镜显示，家长、体育教师和同伴之间的预测是不变的。此外，学生的社会影响知觉与PA意向在性别上无显著差异。结论体育社会影响模型可以解释显著他人对学生参加业余体育活动意愿的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of a 12-week walking intervention on circulating lipid profiles and adipokines in normal weight and abdominal obese female college students 12周步行干预对正常体重和腹型肥胖女大学生循环脂质和脂肪因子的影响

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.04.001

Yi-Han Chiu , Shiow-Chwen Tsai , Chen-Si Lin , Li-Yu Wang , Kuo-Chin Huang

Background/Objectives

Regular exercise such as aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of some diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, only few studies have investigated the impact of regular aerobic exercise on non-obese and overweight/obese persons. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effect of a 12-week 10,000 steps a day walking intervention on the body composition, serum lipids, adipose tissue function, and obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk between normal weight and overweight/obese female college students.

Methods

Ten normal weight (NWCG) and 10 overweight/obese (AOG) individuals were recruited in this study. Both groups performed a regular 10,000 steps a day walk for 12 weeks. Their blood pressure, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and blood lipid profiles were evaluated. Moreover, serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Our results revealed that triglyceride (TG), TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and leptin were significantly reduced in the AOG group after the 12-week walking intervention. However, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and adiponectin/leptin ratio were significantly increased in the AOG group. There was little or no change in these variables in the NWCG group after the 12-week walking intervention.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that a 12-week walking intervention may help improve cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk by decrease resting heart rate, modulating blood lipid profiles, and inducing adipokine alterations in obese individuals. Therefore, our research encourages obese young adults to improve their physical health by participating in a 12-week walking program of 10,000 steps a day.

背景/目的有规律的运动，如有氧运动，已被证明可以降低某些疾病的风险，如心血管疾病(CVD)。然而，只有少数研究调查了定期有氧运动对非肥胖者和超重/肥胖者的影响。因此，本研究旨在比较12周每天10000步的步行干预对正常体重和超重/肥胖女大学生的身体成分、血脂、脂肪组织功能和肥胖相关的心脏代谢风险的影响。方法选取正常体重者(NWCG) 10例，超重/肥胖(AOG) 10例。两组人都在12周内每天走1万步。评估他们的血压、体重指数、腰臀比和血脂。此外，用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清瘦素和脂联素水平。结果经过12周的步行干预，AOG组的甘油三酯(TG)、TG/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值和瘦素显著降低。然而，AOG组总胆固醇、HDL-C和脂联素/瘦素比值显著升高。在12周的步行干预后，NWCG组的这些变量几乎没有变化。一项研究表明，12周的步行干预可能通过降低静息心率、调节血脂和诱导脂肪因子改变来改善肥胖个体的心肺健康和肥胖相关的心脏代谢风险。因此，我们的研究鼓励肥胖的年轻人通过参加为期12周的每天1万步的步行计划来改善他们的身体健康。

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引用次数: 1

Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validation of the Spanish perceived physical literacy instrument for adolescents (S-PPLI) 西班牙语青少年感知身体素养量表(S-PPLI)的跨文化适应、信度和有效性

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.03.002

José Francisco López-Gil , Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno , Pedro J. Tárraga-López , Antonio García-Hermoso

Background/Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Spanish Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (S-PPLI) questionnaire in Spanish adolescents.

Method

The participants of this study were 360 Spanish adolescents (aged 12–17 years) from three secondary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). A cultural adaptation process of the original version of the PPLI questionnaire was developed. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to test the three-factor structure of physical literacy. Intraclass correlation coefficients were computed to estimate the test-retest concordance.

Results

Using a confirmatory factor analysis, the factor loading of all items above the standard of 0.40 ranged from 0.53 to 0.77, suggesting that the observed variables sufficiently represented the latent variables. Analyses for convergent validity showed average variance extracted values that ranged from 0.40 to 0.52 and composite reliability values higher than 0.60. All the correlations were below the recommended cutoff point of 0.85, which indicated that the three physical literacy factors achieved adequate discriminant validity. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.62 to 0.79 (p < 0.001 for all items), which indicated moderate/good reliability.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the S-PPLI is a valid and reliable measure of physical literacy among Spanish adolescents.

背景/目的本研究的目的是检验西班牙语感知体育素养量表(S-PPLI)在西班牙青少年中的信度和效度。方法本研究以西班牙穆尔西亚地区3所中学的360名12-17岁青少年为研究对象。开发了原始版本的PPLI问卷的文化适应过程。采用验证性因子分析对体育素养的三因素结构进行检验。计算类内相关系数以估计重测一致性。结果经验证性因子分析，在0.40标准以上的各项目的因子负荷范围为0.53 ~ 0.77，表明观察变量充分代表了潜在变量。收敛效度分析显示，平均方差提取值在0.40 ~ 0.52之间，复合信度值高于0.60。所有相关性均低于0.85的建议截断点，这表明三个物理素养因素具有足够的区分效度。类内相关系数范围为0.62 ~ 0.79 (p <0.001(所有项目)，这表明中等/良好的信度。结论S-PPLI是一种有效、可靠的西班牙青少年身体素养测评方法。

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引用次数: 6

The field study about the effects of artificial CO2-rich cool-water immersion after outdoor sports activity in a hot environment 高温环境下户外运动后人工富co2冷水浸泡效果的实地研究

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.05.001

Miho Yoshimura , Masatoshi Nakamura , Tatsuya Hojo , Aya Arai , Yoshiyuki Fukuoka

Background/Objectives

In our previous laboratory experiment (room temperature of 25 °C), CO₂-rich cool-water immersion (CCWI) suppressed subjects' core body temperature even during repeated exercise. It is unclear whether the suppression of body temperature elevation would also continue after CCWI in a hot outdoor environment. Herein we investigated the thermal effects of CCWI after regular exercise training in heat on subjects' core temperature (T_core), three skin temperatures (T_skin), heart rate (HR), and the rate of perceived ice (RPI).

Methods

Thirty-six subjects (25 males, 11 females) were randomly allocated into three groups (CCWI, CWI, and control). After training at their competitive clubs, each subject was immersed up to the chest in CCWI or CWI at 20 °C for 20 min, followed by a 60-min recovery period. T_core, T_skin, HR, and RPI were measured at the initial rest, the end of immersion, and every 10 min during the recovery period.

Results

Compared to the control, the CCWI subjects' T_core was significantly lower at 50–60 min after the end of immersion (p < 0.05). T_skin at abdominal and lower-leg regions during the recovery period was maintained at significantly lower values in the CWI and CCWI groups versus control (p < 0.05). The CCWI subjects maintained lower T_skin for a longer time than the CWI subjects.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that CCWI suppresses the rise in body temperatures more than CWI, even in a hot environment, suggesting that CCWI may be a more effective countermeasure against increasing body temperature in a hot outdoor environment.

背景/目的在我们之前的实验室实验中(室温25°C)，富二氧化碳冷水浸泡(CCWI)即使在重复运动中也能抑制受试者的核心体温。目前尚不清楚在室外高温环境下CCWI后体温升高的抑制是否也会继续。在此，我们研究了常规热运动训练后CCWI对受试者核心温度(Tcore)、三皮温度(Tskin)、心率(HR)和感知冰率(RPI)的热效应。方法36例患者(男25例，女11例)随机分为CCWI组、CWI组和对照组。在他们的竞技俱乐部训练后，每个受试者在CCWI或20°C的CWI中浸泡至胸部20分钟，然后进行60分钟的恢复期。Tcore、Tskin、HR和RPI分别在休息初期、浸泡结束时和恢复期间每10分钟测量一次。结果与对照组相比，CCWI被试在浸泡结束后50 ~ 60 min的Tcore得分显著降低(p <0.05)。与对照组相比，CWI组和CCWI组在恢复期腹部和小腿区域的Tskin维持在显著较低的值(p <0.05)。CCWI组维持较低Tskin的时间较CWI组长。结论在高温环境下，CCWI对体温升高的抑制作用强于CWI，提示CCWI可能是室外高温环境下更有效的体温升高对策。

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引用次数: 0

Practical internal and external cooling methods do not influence rapid recovery from simulated taekwondo performance 实用的内部和外部冷却方法不影响快速恢复模拟跆拳道的表现

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.05.003

Pariya Pariyavuth , Jason Kai Wei Lee , Pearl Min Sze Tan , Kanokwan Vichaiwong , Christopher Mawhinney , Metta Pinthong

Background/Objectives

The influence of post-exercise cooling on recovery has gained much attention in the empirical literature, however, data is limited in regards to optimizing recovery from taekwondo performance when combat is repeated in quick succession within the same day. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the effects of external and internal cooling after simulated taekwondo combat upon intestinal temperature (T_int), psychomotor skills (reaction time, response time, movement time), and neuromuscular function (peak torque, average power, time to reach peak torque).

Methods

Using a randomized counterbalanced crossover design, 10 well-trained male taekwondo athletes completed four recovery methods on separate occasions: passive recovery (CON), a 5-minute thermoneutral water immersion (35°C) (TWI), a 5-min cold water immersion (15°C) (CWI), and ice slurry ingestion (-1°C) (ICE; consumed every 5 min for 30 min). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (Blac) concentrations, and T_int were determined at rest, immediately after combat, and at selected intervals during a 90-min recovery period. Neuromuscular functional (measured with isokinetic dynamometer) and psychomotor indices were assessed at baseline and after the recovery period.

Results

ICE led to a significantly lower T_int at 30 min (P<0.01) and 45 min (P<0.01) after simulated combat; 15-30 min after cessation of ingesting ice slurry, compared with the CON and TWI conditions, respectively. However, there were no differences in T_int across time points between the other conditions (P>0.05). Psychomotor skills and neuromuscular function indices returned to baseline values after the 90 min recovery period (P>0.05) with no differences observed between conditions (P>0.05).

Conclusion

The present findings suggest that internal (ICE) and external (CWI) recovery methods appear to have little impact on physiological and functional indices over the time course required to influence repeated taekwondo combat performance.

背景/目的运动后冷却对恢复的影响在经验文献中得到了很多关注，然而，关于在同一天内快速连续重复的跆拳道比赛中优化恢复的数据有限。因此，本研究的目的是比较模拟跆拳道战斗后外部和内部冷却对肠道温度(Tint)，精神运动技能(反应时间，反应时间，运动时间)和神经肌肉功能(峰值扭矩，平均功率，达到峰值扭矩时间)的影响。方法采用随机平衡交叉设计，10名训练有素的男子跆拳道运动员在不同的情况下完成4种恢复方法:被动恢复(CON)、5分钟热中性水浸泡(35°C) (TWI)、5分钟冷水浸泡(15°C) (CWI)和冰浆摄入(-1°C) (ice;每5分钟消耗一次，持续30分钟)。心率(HR)、血乳酸(Blac)浓度和Tint分别在休息、战斗结束后和90分钟恢复期的选定时间间隔进行测定。在基线和恢复期后评估神经肌肉功能(用等速测功机测量)和精神运动指数。结果在模拟战斗后30 min (P<0.01)和45 min (P<0.01)， ice导致色度显著降低;停服冰浆后15-30 min，分别与CON和TWI条件比较。然而，在其他情况下，Tint在不同时间点上没有差异(P>0.05)。90 min恢复期后，精神运动技能和神经肌肉功能指数恢复到基线值(P>0.05)，两组间无差异(P>0.05)。结论内部(ICE)和外部(CWI)恢复方法在影响跆拳道重复格斗表现所需的时间过程中对生理和功能指标的影响不大。

{"title":"Practical internal and external cooling methods do not influence rapid recovery from simulated taekwondo performance","authors":"Pariya Pariyavuth , Jason Kai Wei Lee , Pearl Min Sze Tan , Kanokwan Vichaiwong , Christopher Mawhinney , Metta Pinthong","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><p>The influence of post-exercise cooling on recovery has gained much attention in the empirical literature, however, data is limited in regards to optimizing recovery from taekwondo performance when combat is repeated in quick succession within the same day. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the effects of external and internal cooling after simulated taekwondo combat upon intestinal temperature (T<sub>int</sub>), psychomotor skills (reaction time, response time, movement time), and neuromuscular function (peak torque, average power, time to reach peak torque).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a randomized counterbalanced crossover design, 10 well-trained male taekwondo athletes completed four recovery methods on separate occasions: passive recovery (CON), a 5-minute thermoneutral water immersion (35°C) (TWI), a 5-min cold water immersion (15°C) (CWI), and ice slurry ingestion (-1°C) (ICE; consumed every 5 min for 30 min). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (Blac) concentrations, and T<sub>int</sub> were determined at rest, immediately after combat, and at selected intervals during a 90-min recovery period. Neuromuscular functional (measured with isokinetic dynamometer) and psychomotor indices were assessed at baseline and after the recovery period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ICE led to a significantly lower T<sub>int</sub> at 30 min (P<0.01) and 45 min (P<0.01) after simulated combat; 15-30 min after cessation of ingesting ice slurry, compared with the CON and TWI conditions, respectively. However, there were no differences in T<sub>int</sub> across time points between the other conditions (P>0.05). Psychomotor skills and neuromuscular function indices returned to baseline values after the 90 min recovery period (P>0.05) with no differences observed between conditions (P>0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present findings suggest that internal (ICE) and external (CWI) recovery methods appear to have little impact on physiological and functional indices over the time course required to influence repeated taekwondo combat performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"21 3","pages":"Pages 286-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/53/main.PMC10272492.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9715795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results from the United Arab Emirates 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents 阿拉伯联合酋长国2022年儿童和青少年体育活动报告卡的结果

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.02.002

Ali Muneer Alrahma , Hanan Al Suwaidi , Reem AlGurg , Zeina Farah , Hamda Khansaheb , Rahma Ajja , Mouza Alzaabi , Aisha Al Hamiz , Abdulla Aljunaibi , Abdishakur Abdulle , Aysha Al Dhaheri , Syed Mahboob Shah , Javaid Nauman , Tom Loney

Background/Objective

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) 2022 Report Card provides a systematic evaluation of the physical activity (PA) levels of children and adolescents in the UAE.

Methods

The 2022 Report Card utilized data from 2017 to 2021 to inform 10 core PA indicators that were common to the Global Matrix 4.0.

Results

One in five (19%) UAE school children achieved the recommended amount of moderate-to-vigorous PA (i.e. ≥60 min/d; Total Physical Activity Grade F). Less than 1% of school children used active transport to and from school (Active Transportation Grade F). One in four (26%) secondary school children achieved the recreational screen time recommendations (i.e. ≤2 h/d; Sedentary Behaviours Grade D-). A quarter of adults reported achieving the recommended PA level (i.e. ≥150 min of moderate-intensity PA per week, or equivalent) (Family and Peers Grade D-). All school children are taught physical education (PE) by a specialist with at least a bachelor's degree in PE; however, the duration of weekly PE classes varied between schools (School Grade A-). The UAE Government has invested significant funds and resources into developing and implementing strategies and facilities that will increase PA across the entire population (Government Grade B+). Organised Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Physical Fitness, and Community and Environment indicators were graded ‘Incomplete’ (INC) due to a lack of available data.

Conclusions

Overall, PA levels remain low and sedentary behaviours remain high amongst UAE children and adolescents. The UAE Government has sustained investment in further developing PA opportunities for all children and adults which should translate to increased PA and health improvements at a population level.

背景/目的阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE) 2022年报告卡提供了阿联酋儿童和青少年身体活动(PA)水平的系统评估。方法2022年报告卡利用2017年至2021年的数据，为全球矩阵4.0中常见的10个核心PA指标提供信息。结果:五分之一(19%)的阿联酋学龄儿童达到了推荐的中度至高强度PA量(即≥60分钟/天;不到1%的学龄儿童使用主动交通工具往返学校(主动交通F级)。四分之一(26%)的中学生达到了娱乐屏幕时间建议(即≤2小时/天;久坐行为(D-级)。四分之一的成年人报告达到了推荐的PA水平(即每周≥150分钟的中等强度PA，或同等水平)(家庭和同伴等级D-)。所有学生都由至少具有体育学士学位的专家教授体育教育(PE);然而，每周体育课的时间在学校之间有所不同(学校A级-)。阿联酋政府已经投入了大量资金和资源来制定和实施战略和设施，以提高全体人口的PA(政府评级B+)。由于缺乏可用数据，有组织的体育和体育活动、积极玩耍、身体健康以及社区和环境指标被评为“不完整”(INC)。总的来说，阿联酋儿童和青少年的PA水平仍然很低，久坐行为仍然很高。阿联酋政府已持续投资，进一步为所有儿童和成人创造享有权利的机会，这应转化为在人口一级增加享有权利和改善健康。

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引用次数: 1