Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.02.001
Zhen Li , Tingjun Gong , Ziyi Ren , Jian Li , Qinlong Zhang , Jinxi Zhang , Xiaohong Chen , Zhixiong Zhou
Objectives
This study examined how different sequences of concurrent training impacted physical activity (PA), body composition, and physical fitness in young obese males. We also investigated whether the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing body fat percentage (BF%) was influenced by PA levels.
Methods
A 12-week randomized controlled trial involving a cohort of 45 obese young males (mean age: 22.42 ± 1.96 years, mean BMI: 29.78 ± 3.37) was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the CRE group (Resistance Training (RT) followed by Endurance Training (ET)), the CER group (ET followed by RT), and the control group (Con). The training sessions were held three times a week. Measurements, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO2max, and muscle strength, were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results
Compared to those at baseline, following the intervention, both the CRE and CER groups showed significant improvements in various parameters, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO2max, and muscle strength (p < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed in the Con group (p > 0.05). Specifically, the CRE group demonstrated remarkable progress, as evidenced by an increase in MVPA level (η2p = 0.37, p < 0.001), a reduction in fat mass (η2p = 0.28, p < 0.001), BF% (η2p = 0.28, p < 0.001), android fat (%) (η2p = 0.21, p < 0.001), gynoid fat (%) (η2p = 0.30, p < 0.001), and various physical fitness indices, such as maximum strength (η2p = 0.20, p = 0.008), explosive strength (η2p = 0.38, p < 0.001), and muscular endurance (η2p = 0.55, p < 0.001), surpassing the improvements observed in the CER and Con groups. Changes in PA levels during the intervention influence the efficacy of CT in reducing BF%.
Conclusion
CT, particularly when RT precedes ET, had the potential to improve PA levels, overall physical fitness, body composition, and bone health in obese young males. Moreover, changes in PA levels during the intervention impacted the effectiveness of CT in reducing BF%.
Trial registration
ChiCTR, ChiCTR2200063892.
目的本研究探讨了不同的同步训练序列对年轻肥胖男性身体活动（PA）、身体成分和身体健康的影响。我们还调查了这些干预措施在降低体脂率（BF%）方面的有效性是否受到PA水平的影响。方法对45例肥胖青年男性（平均年龄：22.42±1.96岁，平均BMI: 29.78±3.37）进行为期12周的随机对照试验。参与者被随机分为三组：CRE组(阻力训练（RT) +耐力训练（ET））， CER组（ET + RT）和对照组（Con）。培训课程每周举行三次。测量，包括PA水平，体成分，骨密度，最大摄氧量和肌肉力量，在干预前后进行评估。结果与基线时相比，干预后，CRE组和CER组在PA水平、体成分、骨密度、最大摄氧量和肌肉力量等各项参数均有显著改善(p <；0.05)， Con组无显著变化(p >；0.05)。具体而言，CRE组表现出显著的进展，MVPA水平升高(η2p = 0.37, p <；0.001)，脂肪量减少(η2p = 0.28, p <；0.001), BF% (η2p = 0.28, p <；0.001), android fat (%) (η2p = 0.21, p <；0.001)，雌蕊脂肪（%）(η2p = 0.30, p <；0.001)，最大强度（η2p = 0.20, p = 0.008）、爆炸强度(η2p = 0.38, p <；0.001)，肌肉耐力(η2p = 0.55, p <；0.001)，超过了在CER组和Con组观察到的改善。干预期间PA水平的变化影响CT降低BF%的效果。结论：ct，特别是当RT在ET之前，有可能改善肥胖年轻男性的PA水平、整体身体健康、身体成分和骨骼健康。此外，干预期间PA水平的变化影响了CT降低BF%的有效性。试验注册chictr， ChiCTR2200063892。
{"title":"Impact of sequence in concurrent training on physical activity, body composition, and fitness in obese young males: A 12-week randomized controlled trial","authors":"Zhen Li , Tingjun Gong , Ziyi Ren , Jian Li , Qinlong Zhang , Jinxi Zhang , Xiaohong Chen , Zhixiong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined how different sequences of concurrent training impacted physical activity (PA), body composition, and physical fitness in young obese males. We also investigated whether the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing body fat percentage (BF%) was influenced by PA levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 12-week randomized controlled trial involving a cohort of 45 obese young males (mean age: 22.42 ± 1.96 years, mean BMI: 29.78 ± 3.37) was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the CRE group (Resistance Training (RT) followed by Endurance Training (ET)), the CER group (ET followed by RT), and the control group (Con). The training sessions were held three times a week. Measurements, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO2max, and muscle strength, were assessed before and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to those at baseline, following the intervention, both the CRE and CER groups showed significant improvements in various parameters, including PA level, body composition, bone density, VO<sub>2max</sub>, and muscle strength (<em>p</em> < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed in the Con group (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Specifically, the CRE group demonstrated remarkable progress, as evidenced by an increase in MVPA level (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.37, <em>p</em> < 0.001), a reduction in fat mass (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.28, <em>p</em> < 0.001), BF% (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.28, <em>p</em> < 0.001), android fat (%) (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.21, <em>p</em> < 0.001), gynoid fat (%) (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.30, <em>p</em> < 0.001), and various physical fitness indices, such as maximum strength (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.008), explosive strength (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.38, <em>p</em> < 0.001), and muscular endurance (η<sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.55, <em>p</em> < 0.001), surpassing the improvements observed in the CER and Con groups. Changes in PA levels during the intervention influence the efficacy of CT in reducing BF%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CT, particularly when RT precedes ET, had the potential to improve PA levels, overall physical fitness, body composition, and bone health in obese young males. Moreover, changes in PA levels during the intervention impacted the effectiveness of CT in reducing BF%.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ChiCTR, ChiCTR2200063892.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.006
Shishi Cheng , Yanping Duan , Min Yang , Xiang Wang
Objective
To summarize the characteristics, estimate the efficacy of multicomponent structured exercise (MSE) intervention on older adults’ depression, and investigate its potential moderators.
Methods
MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to June 1, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included MSE intervention with aerobic, resistance and balance components targeting older adults, and reported depression as an outcome were selected. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate effect sizes from the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-regression was conducted to identify the potential moderators.
Results
Data were extracted from 19 studies (22 comparisons) with 1763 older adults. MSE showed a significant intervention effect on buffering older adults' depression (SMD, −0.49; 95 % CI, −0.84 to −0.14) but with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 92 %) and low certainty of evidence. In subgroup analyses, MSE with unhealthy status participants, intervention duration of 12–24 weeks, over 2 times/week intervention frequency, equipment used and 80 % retention rate showed significant effects on improvement of older adults’ depression. Intervention frequency (β, −0.83; 95 % CI, −1.50 to −0.16) and retention rate (β, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.05 to 1.56) were identified as moderators.
Conclusion
MSE significantly improved older adults’ depression. The findings highlighted the importance of intervention frequency and retention rate in enhancing MSE effectiveness. More high quality RCTs are required to explore and optimize the intervention strategies and dosages of MSE to extend the application in the prevention and treatment of geriatric depression.
{"title":"Use of multicomponent structured exercise to improve depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shishi Cheng , Yanping Duan , Min Yang , Xiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To summarize the characteristics, estimate the efficacy of multicomponent structured exercise (MSE) intervention on older adults’ depression, and investigate its potential moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to June 1, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included MSE intervention with aerobic, resistance and balance components targeting older adults, and reported depression as an outcome were selected. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate effect sizes from the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Meta-regression was conducted to identify the potential moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data were extracted from 19 studies (22 comparisons) with 1763 older adults. MSE showed a significant intervention effect on buffering older adults' depression (SMD, −0.49; 95 % CI, −0.84 to −0.14) but with considerable heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 92 %) and low certainty of evidence. In subgroup analyses, MSE with unhealthy status participants, intervention duration of 12–24 weeks, over 2 times/week intervention frequency, equipment used and <span><math><mrow><mo>≥</mo></mrow></math></span> 80 % retention rate showed significant effects on improvement of older adults’ depression. Intervention frequency (β, −0.83; 95 % CI, −1.50 to −0.16) and retention rate (β, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.05 to 1.56) were identified as moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MSE significantly improved older adults’ depression. The findings highlighted the importance of intervention frequency and retention rate in enhancing MSE effectiveness. More high quality RCTs are required to explore and optimize the intervention strategies and dosages of MSE to extend the application in the prevention and treatment of geriatric depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.03.002
Hang Zheng , Guochao Zhang , Yuming Zhong , George P. Nassis , Zhili Chen , Yongming Li
Purpose
To investigate the effect of different work: rest durations on physiological, neuromuscular, and perceived exertion responses during taekwondo-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT).
Methods
Thirteen moderate-trained taekwondo athletes (age: 21.7 ± 2.4 years; body mass: 69.1 ± 7.6kg; height: 174 ± 6 cm) completed a familiarization session and three HIIT trials. The trial consisted of three rounds of 2 min roundhouse kicks with 1 min of rest in between. In each round, the work: rest ratio was constant at 1:2, and the work: rest duration varied to be: short (2s:4s), medium (10s:20s), and long (20s:40s). Heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake ( O2) were continuously measured. Blood lactate concentration ([La−]), countermovement jump (CMJ), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded before trials and after each round. Energy contribution was estimated.
Results
HR, O2, and CMJ were similar across protocols (P > .05) but, [La−] was higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (P < .05). Relative aerobic energy contribution and RPE in round 3 were higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (P < .05). Absolute and relative glycolytic energy contribution in rounds 1 and 2 were higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (P < .05). Relative phosphate energy contribution in rounds 1 and 3 was lower during long than short work: rest duration protocol (P < .05).
Conclusion
Different work: rest durations of taekwondo-specific HIIT influenced [La−], energy system contributions, and RPE. The longer work: rest duration protocol (20s:40s) stressed more the glycolytic, aerobic energy systems and perceived exertion, and less the phosphagen energy system.
{"title":"The effects of different work: Rest durations on physiological, neuromuscular, and ratings of perceived exertion responses during taekwondo-specific high-intensity interval training","authors":"Hang Zheng , Guochao Zhang , Yuming Zhong , George P. Nassis , Zhili Chen , Yongming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the effect of different work: rest durations on physiological, neuromuscular, and perceived exertion responses during taekwondo-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirteen moderate-trained taekwondo athletes (age: 21.7 ± 2.4 years; body mass: 69.1 ± 7.6kg; height: 174 ± 6 cm) completed a familiarization session and three HIIT trials. The trial consisted of three rounds of 2 min roundhouse kicks with 1 min of rest in between. In each round, the work: rest ratio was constant at 1:2, and the work: rest duration varied to be: short (2s:4s), medium (10s:20s), and long (20s:40s). Heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (<span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> O<sub>2</sub>) were continuously measured. Blood lactate concentration ([La<sup>−</sup>]), countermovement jump (CMJ), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded before trials and after each round. Energy contribution was estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HR, <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> O<sub>2,</sub> and CMJ were similar across protocols (<em>P</em> > .05) but, [La<sup>−</sup>] was higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (<em>P</em> < .05). Relative aerobic energy contribution and RPE in round 3 were higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (<em>P</em> < .05). Absolute and relative glycolytic energy contribution in rounds 1 and 2 were higher during long than short work: rest duration protocol (<em>P</em> < .05). Relative phosphate energy contribution in rounds 1 and 3 was lower during long than short work: rest duration protocol (<em>P</em> < .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Different work: rest durations of taekwondo-specific HIIT influenced [La<sup>−</sup>], energy system contributions, and RPE. The longer work: rest duration protocol (20s:40s) stressed more the glycolytic, aerobic energy systems and perceived exertion, and less the phosphagen energy system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.006
Ziqing Liu , Jinglin Huang , Min Hu , Xuyan Cui , Lu Leng , Kangle Wang , Jiarui Wu , Shan He , Weiji Deng , Peilun Li , Yilin Chen , Dongdong Gao , Haijie Yu , Junhao Huang
Objectives
Our study investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals.
Methods
Fifteen subjects (10M / 5F; 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 23.07 ± 4.12 kg/m2) participated in a crossover trial including three experimental conditions: HIIE, MICE, and a control session of rest (CON) in random order separated by a 7-day washout period. Endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD), mean shear rate (MSR), and circulating levels of blood lactate, VEGF, IGF-1, and irisin.
Results
Both HIIE and MICE significantly enhanced FMD% (both P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively), lactate (both P < 0.001), VEGF (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively), IGF-1 (both P < 0.001), and irisin (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), with a greater extent after HIIE compared to MICE in FMD% (P < 0.001), MSR (P < 0.05), lactate (P < 0.001), VEGF (P < 0.05), and IGF-1 (P < 0.05). Additionally, change (post-pre) in FMD% was positively correlated with changes in MSR, lactate, and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Change in MSR was positively associated with changes in lactate and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Furthermore, enhancement in lactate was correlated with enhancements in VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions.
Conclusions
Acute HIIE is a more effective method than MICE at improving endothelial function in sedentary young individuals and increases in lactate and its mediated VEGF release, attributed to increase in shear rate after exercise, are involved in regulatory mechanisms.
目的：我们的研究探讨了急性高强度间歇运动（HIIE）和中等强度连续运动（MICE）对久坐年轻人内皮功能及其相关生物标志物的影响。方法：15名受试者(10M / 5F；22±2岁；BMI: 23.07±4.12 kg/m2)参加了交叉试验，包括三种实验条件：HIIE、MICE和对照休息（CON），以随机顺序进行，中间间隔7天的洗脱期。内皮功能通过血流介导扩张（FMD）、平均剪切速率（MSR）、血液乳酸、VEGF、IGF-1和鸢尾素的循环水平进行评估。结果：HIIE和小鼠均能显著提高FMD%（均P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P）结论：急性HIIE在改善久坐年轻人内皮功能方面比小鼠更有效，运动后乳酸及其介导的VEGF释放的增加，归因于运动后剪切速率的增加，参与了调节机制。
{"title":"Acute high-intensity interval exercise is superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise in enhancing endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals: the possible involvement of lactate","authors":"Ziqing Liu , Jinglin Huang , Min Hu , Xuyan Cui , Lu Leng , Kangle Wang , Jiarui Wu , Shan He , Weiji Deng , Peilun Li , Yilin Chen , Dongdong Gao , Haijie Yu , Junhao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Our study investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen subjects (10M / 5F; 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 23.07 ± 4.12 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) participated in a crossover trial including three experimental conditions: HIIE, MICE, and a control session of rest (CON) in random order separated by a 7-day washout period. Endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD), mean shear rate (MSR), and circulating levels of blood lactate, VEGF, IGF-1, and irisin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both HIIE and MICE significantly enhanced FMD% (both <em>P</em> < 0.001 and <em>P</em> < 0.01, respectively), lactate (both <em>P</em> < 0.001), VEGF (<em>P</em> < 0.001 and <em>P</em> < 0.01, respectively), IGF-1 (both <em>P</em> < 0.001), and irisin (<em>P</em> < 0.001 and <em>P</em> < 0.05, respectively), with a greater extent after HIIE compared to MICE in FMD% (<em>P</em> < 0.001), MSR (<em>P</em> < 0.05), lactate (<em>P</em> < 0.001), VEGF (<em>P</em> < 0.05), and IGF-1 (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Additionally, change (post-pre) in FMD% was positively correlated with changes in MSR, lactate, and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Change in MSR was positively associated with changes in lactate and VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions. Furthermore, enhancement in lactate was correlated with enhancements in VEGF in both HIIE and MICE conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute HIIE is a more effective method than MICE at improving endothelial function in sedentary young individuals and increases in lactate and its mediated VEGF release, attributed to increase in shear rate after exercise, are involved in regulatory mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 60-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002
Yuning Hao, Jay Lee, Water Soi Po Wong, Frankie U. Kei Wong, Walter Heung Chin Hui, Gasper Chi Hong Leong, Zhaowei Kong
Background
The impact of COVID-19 infection on physical and mental health of young adults remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the physical fitness three months after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection, and examine if the infection could also influence the mental health of university students.
Methods
A total of 460 university students (mean age 18.9 ± 1.3 years, with 30 males and 27 females uninfected with COVID-19) volunteered for the study. Participants underwent a fitness test initially, followed by another physical fitness test and a mental health assessment three months after the infection of COVID-19. Physical fitness tests included body composition, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and muscular endurance. Mental health was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Assessment Scale (DASS-21), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Assessment Scale (PTSD).
Results
Three months after acute COVID-19 infection, the physical performance of university students had decreased compared to pre-infection levels by approximate 3–15 % (p < 0.05). Regarding mental health, a notable difference was observed in sleep quality, with the positive group scoring 19 % higher than the negative group (p < .05, d = .44). Sex (β = .164, p < .05), previous infection (β = .277, p = .019) and anxiety (β = .373, p = .002) were predictive of PSQI scores, accounting for 37.5 % of the variance.
Conclusions
All participants experienced a decline in physical fitness compared to their pre-infection levels, regardless of infection status. Those who had been infected exhibited poorer sleep quality compared to their non-infected peers. Prior COVID-19 infection and higher anxiety levels may contribute to poorer sleep quality.
COVID-19感染对年轻人身心健康的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查急性COVID-19感染后3个月的体质变化，并探讨感染是否也会影响大学生的心理健康。方法460名大学生（平均年龄18.9±1.3岁）自愿参加研究，其中男性30名，女性27名。参与者最初进行了体能测试，然后在感染COVID-19三个月后进行了另一次体能测试和心理健康评估。体能测试包括身体组成、柔韧性、心肺健康、肌肉力量和肌肉耐力。采用抑郁-焦虑-压力自评量表（DASS-21）、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表（PSQI）和创伤后应激障碍自评量表（PTSD）进行心理健康评估。结果急性COVID-19感染3个月后，大学生的身体机能与感染前相比下降了约3 - 15% (p <；0.05)。在心理健康方面，观察到睡眠质量的显著差异，积极组比消极组得分高19% (p <；.05, d = .44)。性别(β = .164, p <；.05)、既往感染（β = .277, p = 0.019）和焦虑（β = .373, p = 0.002）是PSQI评分的预测因子，占方差的37.5%。结论：与感染前相比，所有参与者的身体健康水平都有所下降，无论感染状况如何。与未受感染的同龄人相比，那些被感染的人表现出较差的睡眠质量。先前的COVID-19感染和较高的焦虑水平可能会导致睡眠质量下降。
{"title":"A longitudinal study to COVID-19 infection among university students: Physical fitness changes and psychological responses","authors":"Yuning Hao, Jay Lee, Water Soi Po Wong, Frankie U. Kei Wong, Walter Heung Chin Hui, Gasper Chi Hong Leong, Zhaowei Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of COVID-19 infection on physical and mental health of young adults remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the physical fitness three months after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection, and examine if the infection could also influence the mental health of university students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 460 university students (mean age 18.9 ± 1.3 years, with 30 males and 27 females uninfected with COVID-19) volunteered for the study. Participants underwent a fitness test initially, followed by another physical fitness test and a mental health assessment three months after the infection of COVID-19. Physical fitness tests included body composition, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and muscular endurance. Mental health was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Assessment Scale (DASS-21), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Assessment Scale (PTSD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three months after acute COVID-19 infection, the physical performance of university students had decreased compared to pre-infection levels by approximate 3–15 % (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Regarding mental health, a notable difference was observed in sleep quality, with the positive group scoring 19 % higher than the negative group (<em>p</em> < .05, <em>d</em> = .44). Sex (<em>β</em> = .164, <em>p</em> < .05), previous infection (<em>β</em> = .277, <em>p</em> = .019) and anxiety (<em>β</em> = .373, <em>p</em> = .002) were predictive of PSQI scores, accounting for 37.5 % of the variance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All participants experienced a decline in physical fitness compared to their pre-infection levels, regardless of infection status. Those who had been infected exhibited poorer sleep quality compared to their non-infected peers. Prior COVID-19 infection and higher anxiety levels may contribute to poorer sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001
Christopher J. Cleary , Summer B. Cook , Ashley A. Herda
Background/objective
This study assessed the influence of rest interval duration after tuck jumps on 10-s Wingate outcomes and countermovement jump height.
Methods
Eighteen resistance trained individuals (males: n = 10, 21.3 ± 3.6 years; females: n = 8, 22.1 ± 2.2 years) volunteered to participate in four sessions: familiarization, 3-min rest interval with no jumps (CON), and two randomized experimental sessions with a rest interval of either 1-min (ER1) or 5-min (ER5) after a series of tuck jumps. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height was assessed at baseline (PRE) and after (POST) the CON, ER1, and ER5 conditions, and 10-s Wingate cycling testing. Wingate relative peak power (RPP) and mean peak power (RMP) were measured. Separate mixed-factorial repeated measures analyses of variance assessed changes across conditions and sex for the Wingate variables and conditions, sex, and time for CMJ height at an alpha of p ≤ 0.05.
Results
RPP and RMP were significantly greater than CON for ER1 by 0.92 ± 0.23 W kg−1 and 0.41 ± 0.14 W kg−1, respectively, and ER5 by 0.77 ± 0.23 W kg−1 and 0.36 ± 0.10 W kg−1, respectively. ER1 and ER5 RPP and RMP were similar (p > 0.05). For CMJ height, there was only a main effect for sex as males jumped higher than females by 31.3 % (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Performing tuck jumps prior to anaerobic exercise may increase performance for up to 5-min
背景/目的评价塔克跳后休息间隔时间对10-s Wingate结果和反动作跳高的影响。方法阻力训练个体18例(男性10例，年龄21.3±3.6岁；女性：n = 8, 22.1±2.2岁)自愿参加四个阶段：熟悉、3分钟无跳跃休息间隔（CON）和两个随机实验阶段，在一系列塔克跳跃后休息间隔为1分钟（ER1）或5分钟（ER5）。在CON、ER1和ER5条件的基线（PRE）和后（POST）以及10-s Wingate循环测试中评估反向运动跳跃（CMJ）高度。测量温盖特相对峰值功率（RPP）和平均峰值功率（RMP）。单独的混合因子重复测量方差分析评估了不同条件和性别的Wingate变量的变化，以及条件、性别和时间对CMJ高度的影响，alpha值为p≤0.05。结果ER1组rpp和RMP分别显著高于CON组0.92±0.23 W kg - 1和0.41±0.14 W kg - 1， ER5组rpp和RMP分别显著高于CON组0.77±0.23 W kg - 1和0.36±0.10 W kg - 1。RPP与RMP相似(p >；0.05)。对于CMJ高度，只有性别的主要影响，男性比女性高31.3% （p = 0.002）。结论：在无氧运动前进行塔克跳可以提高运动表现达5分钟
{"title":"Evaluation of rest interval following a series of tuck jumps on anaerobic performance","authors":"Christopher J. Cleary , Summer B. Cook , Ashley A. Herda","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>This study assessed the influence of rest interval duration after tuck jumps on 10-s Wingate outcomes and countermovement jump height.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighteen resistance trained individuals (males: n = 10, 21.3 ± 3.6 years; females: n = 8, 22.1 ± 2.2 years) volunteered to participate in four sessions: familiarization, 3-min rest interval with no jumps (CON), and two randomized experimental sessions with a rest interval of either 1-min (ER1) or 5-min (ER5) after a series of tuck jumps. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height was assessed at baseline (PRE) and after (POST) the CON, ER1, and ER5 conditions, and 10-s Wingate cycling testing. Wingate relative peak power (RPP) and mean peak power (RMP) were measured. Separate mixed-factorial repeated measures analyses of variance assessed changes across conditions and sex for the Wingate variables and conditions, sex, and time for CMJ height at an alpha of p ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RPP and RMP were significantly greater than CON for ER1 by 0.92 ± 0.23 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and 0.41 ± 0.14 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and ER5 by 0.77 ± 0.23 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and 0.36 ± 0.10 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. ER1 and ER5 RPP and RMP were similar (p > 0.05). For CMJ height, there was only a main effect for sex as males jumped higher than females by 31.3 % (p = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Performing tuck jumps prior to anaerobic exercise may increase performance for up to 5-min</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.002
Xiaomei Hu , Xihe Hou , Lin Wang
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate bilateral sensorimotor function in patients with unilateral CAI. Furthermore, sensory reweighting ability and vestibular modulation were assessed.
Methods
Twenty individuals with unilateral CAI and twenty healthy controls participated in this study. All participants executed ankle proprioception, plantar sensation, unilateral stance, Y balance, motor control test (MCT) and sensory organisation test (SOT) assessments. Proprioception assessment included joint position sense and force sense (FS), and plantar sensation evaluation consisted of light-touch, vibration and two-point discrimination (TPD) thresholds at the heel, head of the first metatarsal (1 MF), base of the fifth metatarsal (5 MF), centre of foot and forefoot. MCT and SOT tests were conducted using NeuroCom Balance Manager System. Except for SOT, all tests evaluated bilateral limbs, and the order of limbs was randomly selected. 2 (group) × 2 (limb) mixed model analyses of variance were performed for outcome measures of unilateral stance, Y balance and MCT, and independent t-test was used to analyse the outcomes of SOT between two groups. Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon test were applied to examine the differences in plantar sensation between groups and limbs.
Results
For plantar sensation, increased light-touch threshold at heel and 1 MF and the TPD threshold at 1 MF were observed bilaterally in CAI group (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in joint position sense (JPS), but bilateral deficit was found in plantarflexor FS with moderate effect size (uninjured side: ES = 0.67; injured side: ES = 0.61) in CAI group. For unilateral stance with eyes closed, moderate postural instability was displayed bilaterally in the anteroposterior direction (uninjured side: ES = 0.71; injured side: ES = 0.86). The delayed latency of MCT with medium-backward translation was also observed in both sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.74; injured: ES = 0.92). Compared with healthy controls, higher visual reliance was shown moderately in the injured and uninjured sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.78; injured: ES = 0.91). Sensory analysis of SOT displayed decreased use of visual (p = 0.001) and vestibular information (p < 0.000) in CAI group.
Conclusion
Unilateral CAI presented impaired plantar sensation and ankle proprioception on both sides. Higher visual reliance, delayed motor response and postural instability under unreliable visual clues were also displayed bilaterally. Except for bilateral sensorimotor alterations, reduced ability of sensory reweighting and fixed sensory strategy also presented in CAI group, but the somatosensory clue still served as the main sensory source in CAI.
{"title":"Bilateral alterations in sensorimotor function and altered sensory strategy in individuals with unilateral chronic ankle instability","authors":"Xiaomei Hu , Xihe Hou , Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate bilateral sensorimotor function in patients with unilateral CAI. Furthermore, sensory reweighting ability and vestibular modulation were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty individuals with unilateral CAI and twenty healthy controls participated in this study. All participants executed ankle proprioception, plantar sensation, unilateral stance, Y balance, motor control test (MCT) and sensory organisation test (SOT) assessments. Proprioception assessment included joint position sense and force sense (FS), and plantar sensation evaluation consisted of light-touch, vibration and two-point discrimination (TPD) thresholds at the heel, head of the first metatarsal (1 MF), base of the fifth metatarsal (5 MF), centre of foot and forefoot. MCT and SOT tests were conducted using NeuroCom Balance Manager System. Except for SOT, all tests evaluated bilateral limbs, and the order of limbs was randomly selected. 2 (group) × 2 (limb) mixed model analyses of variance were performed for outcome measures of unilateral stance, Y balance and MCT, and independent <em>t</em>-test was used to analyse the outcomes of SOT between two groups. Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon test were applied to examine the differences in plantar sensation between groups and limbs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For plantar sensation, increased light-touch threshold at heel and 1 MF and the TPD threshold at 1 MF were observed bilaterally in CAI group (<em>p</em> < 0.05). No differences were observed in joint position sense (JPS), but bilateral deficit was found in plantarflexor FS with moderate effect size (uninjured side: ES = 0.67; injured side: ES = 0.61) in CAI group. For unilateral stance with eyes closed, moderate postural instability was displayed bilaterally in the anteroposterior direction (uninjured side: ES = 0.71; injured side: ES = 0.86). The delayed latency of MCT with medium-backward translation was also observed in both sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.74; injured: ES = 0.92). Compared with healthy controls, higher visual reliance was shown moderately in the injured and uninjured sides of unilateral CAI (uninjured: ES = 0.78; injured: ES = 0.91). Sensory analysis of SOT displayed decreased use of visual (p = 0.001) and vestibular information (<em>p</em> < 0.000) in CAI group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Unilateral CAI presented impaired plantar sensation and ankle proprioception on both sides. Higher visual reliance, delayed motor response and postural instability under unreliable visual clues were also displayed bilaterally. Except for bilateral sensorimotor alterations, reduced ability of sensory reweighting and fixed sensory strategy also presented in CAI group, but the somatosensory clue still served as the main sensory source in CAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 21-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.004
Jianyu Gan , Jiya He , Kaixiang Zhou , Zhangyuting Shang , Gengxin Dong , Dapeng Bao , Junhong Zhou
Background/Objectives
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may help middle-aged and older adults resist age-related neurodegenerative conditions and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies suggested that Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) may be a promising strategy to improve the BDNF levels of these populations, while the effectiveness has yet to be definitively confirmed due to the variances in the study designs and observations. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of TCEs intervention on BDNF in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
The search was conducted in November 2024 in seven Chinese and English databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed the search results, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine the overall effect size and the impact of potential moderators.
Results
Ten publications consisting of 543 participants were included. The overall effect size of TCEs on BDNF was large and significant [Hedges'g = 0.82, 95 % CI (0.55, 1.09), p < 0.01]. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effect size was non-significant for participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (p = 0.08), while significant for participants with normal cognitive function (p < 0.01). In the meta-regression, moderators such as the mean age, sex, and baseline BDNF levels of participants, as well as total TCEs time were not associated with outcome variables. The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate.
Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that TCEs intervention could increase the levels of BDNF in middle-aged and older adults with normal cognitive function.
背景：脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）可帮助中老年人抵抗与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病和精神疾病。最近的研究表明，传统中医运动（TCEs）可能是改善这些人群脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平的一种有前途的策略，但由于研究设计和观察结果的差异，其有效性尚未得到明确证实。因此，本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在研究TCE干预对中老年人BDNF的影响：方法：于 2024 年 11 月在 7 个中英文数据库中进行了检索。两位审稿人独立审阅了检索结果，提取了数据，并评估了偏倚风险和证据的确定性。进行元分析和元回归以确定总体效应大小和潜在调节因素的影响：结果：共纳入了 10 篇出版物，543 名参与者。TCE对BDNF的总体效应规模较大且显著[Hedges'g = 0.82, 95 % CI (0.55, 1.09), p 结论：该系统综述和荟萃分析结果表明，TCE对BDNF的总体效应规模较大且显著：该系统综述和荟萃分析表明，TCEs干预可提高认知功能正常的中老年人的BDNF水平。系统综述注册：www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/，标识符：crd42023484121：CRD42023484121。
{"title":"Effects of traditional Chinese exercises on brain-derived neurotrophic factor in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Jianyu Gan , Jiya He , Kaixiang Zhou , Zhangyuting Shang , Gengxin Dong , Dapeng Bao , Junhong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may help middle-aged and older adults resist age-related neurodegenerative conditions and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies suggested that Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) may be a promising strategy to improve the BDNF levels of these populations, while the effectiveness has yet to be definitively confirmed due to the variances in the study designs and observations. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of TCEs intervention on BDNF in middle-aged and older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The search was conducted in November 2024 in seven Chinese and English databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed the search results, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine the overall effect size and the impact of potential moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten publications consisting of 543 participants were included. The overall effect size of TCEs on BDNF was large and significant [Hedges'g = 0.82, 95 % CI (0.55, 1.09), p < 0.01]. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effect size was non-significant for participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (p = 0.08), while significant for participants with normal cognitive function (p < 0.01). In the meta-regression, moderators such as the mean age, sex, and baseline BDNF levels of participants, as well as total TCEs time were not associated with outcome variables. The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that TCEs intervention could increase the levels of BDNF in middle-aged and older adults with normal cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div><span><span>www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, identifier: CRD42023484121.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.01.001
Yuqin Rao , Jingjing Wang , Kai Li , Fanhui Zheng , Ying Chen , Bo Zhai , Jintao Hong , Chen Wang , Bao Liu , Dao Wang
<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with physical fitness and disparities in population segments among older adults, using data from the National Physical Fitness Surveilling Survey of China.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 13524 older adults aged 60–79 years were involved in the study. Participants completed physical fitness assessments encompassing body fat percentage, lung capacity, high leg raise in place, grip strength, seated forward bending, 30-s sit-to-stand test, single-leg standing with eyes closed, and choice reaction time. A profile analysis model was constructed by feature extraction, label design and clustering using principal component analysis and k-prototypes. Factors associated with physical fitness were analyzed using ordered probit regression, and within-group differences were evaluated through the bootstrap method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The older adults were categorized into four clusters based on the clustering results (Cluster I: n = 2728, Cluster II: n = 6067, Cluster III: n = 4189, Cluster IV: n = 540). Significant positive associations were identified between moderate-to-vigorous transport-related activities <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.001, p < 0.05), moderate-to-vigorous household chores (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.003, p < 0.01), work-related physical activity (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.001, p < 0.01), exercise (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.002, p < 0.01) and physical fitness levels. Conversely, the number of illnesses (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = -0.089, p < 0.01) and sedentary behavior (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> = -0.002, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with physical fitness. Inflection points were observed, indicating shifts from lower level to higher physical fitness levels as the volume of diverse moderate-to-vigorous physical activities increased. Disparities in factors associated with physical fitness were identified across the different clusters. The associations of household chores, transport-related activities, and work-related physical activity with physical fitness lacked robustness during heterogeneity processing. In contrast, exercise consistently demonstrated a facilitating role across all clusters. Furthermore, greater marginal effects on achieving higher physical fitness test scores were observed among individuals classified as inactive when engaging in more moderate-to-vigorous activities and exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings demonstrate that engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities and exercise is associated with a significantly higher probability of achieving better physical fitness among older adults. Participating in physical ac
目的：利用中国全国体质监测调查的数据，探讨老年人体质的相关因素及其在人群中的差异。研究设计：横断面研究。方法：共有13524名年龄在60-79岁的老年人参与了这项研究。参与者完成了身体健康评估，包括体脂率、肺活量、高抬腿、握力、坐姿前屈、30秒坐立测试、闭眼单腿站立和选择反应时间。通过特征提取、标签设计和主成分分析和k-原型聚类，构建了轮廓分析模型。采用有序probit回归对体质相关因素进行分析，并采用自举法评估组内差异。结果：根据聚类结果将老年人分为4类（第一类：n = 2728人，第二类：n = 6067人，第三类：n = 4189人，第四类：n = 540人）。结果表明，中高强度体力活动与老年人的身体健康水平有显著正相关关系（α = 0.001, p α = 0.003, p α = 0.001, p α = 0.002, p α = -0.089, p α = -0.002, p）。应根据不同人群鼓励参加体育活动和锻炼，以进行精确和定量的干预，以改善体质。
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Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.005
Monica Maria do Nascimento , Jorge Lopes Cavalcante-Neto , Meyene Duque Weber , Paula Cristina dos Santos Rodrigues , Andreia N. Pizarro , Maria Olga Fernandes Vasconcelos
Background/objectives
This study systematically reviewed the literature on physical fitness assessment tools for children with developmental coordination disorder compared with typically developing children aged 7 to 10 and analyzed the feasibility of these tools for use in low-income settings.
Methods
Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO/RIC databases. The Newcastle - Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale assessed the methodological quality of the studies, and a checklist adapted from COSMIN assessed the feasibility of the instruments.
Results
From 8470 studies initially retrieved, 21 were included in this systematic review. The most assessed physical fitness components in children with developmental coordination disorder compared with typically developing children were cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Most studies had high methodological quality. The shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness) and handgrip dynamometer (muscle strength) were the most used tools. The PERF-FIT, long jump, and 6-min walk test were considered the most feasible tools for low-income settings, while the incremental treadmill test was deemed the least feasible.
Conclusion
The findings evidenced several viable tools for testing physical fitness in children with DCD compared to typically developing peers from low-income countries. The most viable, as PERF-FIT, long jump and 6-min walk test should be used on large scale in low-income settings.
背景：本研究系统回顾了有关7 ~ 10岁发育性协调障碍儿童与正常发育儿童体质评估工具的文献，并分析了这些工具在低收入环境中使用的可行性。方法：在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和EBSCO/RIC数据库中进行检索。纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表评估了研究的方法学质量，从COSMIN改编的清单评估了这些工具的可行性。结果：从最初检索的8470项研究中，21项纳入本系统综述。发育性协调障碍儿童与正常发育儿童相比，评估最多的身体健康成分是心肺健康和肌肉力量。大多数研究具有较高的方法学质量。穿梭跑（心肺健康）和握力计（肌肉力量）是最常用的工具。PERF-FIT、跳远和6分钟步行测试被认为是低收入环境中最可行的工具，而增量跑步机测试被认为是最不可行的。结论：与来自低收入国家的典型发展中国家的同龄人相比，研究结果证明了几种可行的测试DCD儿童身体健康的工具。最可行的，如PERF-FIT，跳远和6分钟步行测试应在低收入环境中大规模使用。
{"title":"Physical fitness assessment tools for children with developmental coordination disorder and their feasibility for low-income settings: A systematic review","authors":"Monica Maria do Nascimento , Jorge Lopes Cavalcante-Neto , Meyene Duque Weber , Paula Cristina dos Santos Rodrigues , Andreia N. Pizarro , Maria Olga Fernandes Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesf.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><div>This study systematically reviewed the literature on physical fitness assessment tools for children with developmental coordination disorder compared with typically developing children aged 7 to 10 and analyzed the feasibility of these tools for use in low-income settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO/RIC databases. The Newcastle - Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale assessed the methodological quality of the studies, and a checklist adapted from COSMIN assessed the feasibility of the instruments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 8470 studies initially retrieved, 21 were included in this systematic review. The most assessed physical fitness components in children with developmental coordination disorder compared with typically developing children were cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Most studies had high methodological quality. The shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness) and handgrip dynamometer (muscle strength) were the most used tools. The PERF-FIT, long jump, and 6-min walk test were considered the most feasible tools for low-income settings, while the incremental treadmill test was deemed the least feasible.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings evidenced several viable tools for testing physical fitness in children with DCD compared to typically developing peers from low-income countries. The most viable, as PERF-FIT, long jump and 6-min walk test should be used on large scale in low-income settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15793,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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