Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献_第10页

Occurrence and profiles of bisphenol A and its analogues in marine shrimps from Tianjin and their implications for human exposure 天津海虾中双酚 A 及其类似物的含量和特征及其对人类接触的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106852

Siyu Yang, Weiyi Jin, Chunhai Gao, Yeqing Jia, Xinghua Li, Jianping Li, Yi Zhang

Bisphenols, a class of compounds with endocrine-disrupting characteristics, encompassing its effects on reproduction, nervous and immune systems. Diet represents the principal route of bisphenols intake, prompting concerns about dietary exposure. In this study, the occurrence and content of nine bisphenols in 96 marine shrimps from Tianjin were detected and analysed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer and solid-phase extraction. The analytical method was validated to demonstrate reliable analytical performance. The results revealed that bisphenol A was detected in the majority of the samples, with the highest detection rate among the nine bisphenols, followed by bisphenol S, while the remaining bisphenols were not detected. A discernible age-related trend was identified in the assessment of dietary exposure, whereby exposure levels increased with decreasing age. Furthermore, regional discrepancies were observed, yet no gender-based distinctions were discerned. The estimated daily intake to total bisphenols through marine shrimp in this study was lower than the current tolerable daily intake set by the European Food Safety Authority, and it can be assumed that the risk of exposure to the nine bisphenols investigated through dietary is acceptable. However, given the recently proposed draft values by the European Food Safety Authority and the higher exposures observed in children and teenagers, further surveillance and dietary guidance is required. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Tianjin to evaluate the health risks associated with bisphenol A and its analogues via marine shrimp, which can monitor dietary safety and protect population health.

双酚是一类具有干扰内分泌特性的化合物，对生殖、神经和免疫系统都有影响。饮食是摄入双酚的主要途径，这引起了人们对膳食暴露的关注。在这项研究中，采用超高效液相色谱质谱仪和固相萃取法检测和分析了天津 96 只海虾中 9 种双酚的存在和含量。分析方法经过验证，具有可靠的分析性能。结果表明，大多数样品中都检测到了双酚 A，在九种双酚中检出率最高，其次是双酚 S，其余双酚均未检出。在对膳食暴露进行评估时，发现了一个明显的与年龄有关的趋势，即暴露水平随着年龄的降低而增加。此外，还观察到了地区差异，但没有发现性别差异。在这项研究中，通过海虾摄入双酚总量的估计日摄入量低于欧洲食品安全局目前设定的日容许摄入量，因此可以认为通过膳食摄入所调查的九种双酚的风险是可以接受的。不过，考虑到欧洲食品安全局最近提出的草案值，以及在儿童和青少年中观察到的较高暴露量，需要进一步的监测和膳食指导。据我们所知，这是天津市首次通过海虾评估与双酚 A 及其类似物有关的健康风险的研究，可以监测膳食安全并保护人群健康。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical structure, composition, bioactive compounds, and pattern recognition techniques in figs (Ficus carica L.) quality and authenticity: An updated review 无花果（Ficus carica L.）质量和真实性的化学结构、成分、生物活性化合物和模式识别技术：最新综述

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106863

Elahesadat Hosseini , Zenebe Tadesse Tsegay , Slim Smaoui , Theodoros Varzakas

Figs (Ficus carica L.) are a prominent agricultural product in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions, valued for their rich phytochemical composition and potential health benefits. This review systematically explores the chemical composition of Ficus carica L., focusing on bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and carotenoids. It also emphasizes the role of advanced analytical techniques, such as Near-Infrared (NIR) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, coupled with chemometrics and bioinformatics, in assessing fig quality and authenticity. These techniques offer significant advantages as rapid, non-destructive methods for distinguishing between different varieties of Ficus carica L., and detecting potential adulteration. Chemometric analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR), have proven essential in processing complex datasets, enhancing quality control and variety differentiation accuracy. For example, PLSR models achieved an R² of 0.92–0.99 for assessing phenolic compounds in figs' peel and pulp extracts. Moreover, this review emphasizes that dark-skinned varieties of Ficus carica L., exhibit higher concentrations of phenolic compounds, with values reaching up to 444 mg of phenols per 40 g of fresh fruit. Integrating these advanced analytical techniques and molecular tools offers a robust framework for developing validated approaches to fig authentication, ensuring food safety, and enhancing market trust through protected geographical indications.

无花果（Ficus carica L.）是地中海和中东地区的主要农产品，因其丰富的植物化学成分和潜在的健康益处而备受重视。本综述系统地探讨了无花果的化学成分，重点是酚酸、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素等生物活性化合物。文章还强调了近红外（NIR）和傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱等先进分析技术，以及化学计量学和生物信息学在评估无花果质量和真实性方面的作用。这些技术作为快速、无损的方法，在区分无花果不同品种和检测潜在掺假方面具有显著优势。化学计量分析，如主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘回归（PLSR），已被证明在处理复杂数据集、提高质量控制和品种区分准确性方面至关重要。例如，在评估无花果果皮和果肉提取物中的酚类化合物时，偏最小二乘法回归模型的 R² 值为 0.92-0.99。此外，这篇综述还强调，无花果的深色果皮品种表现出更高的酚类化合物浓度，每 40 克鲜果中的酚含量高达 444 毫克。整合这些先进的分析技术和分子工具为开发无花果鉴定的有效方法、确保食品安全和通过受保护的地理标志提高市场信任度提供了一个强大的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative metabolomics in gauging the quality of Embelia ribes Burm. f. fruits in the market trade 比较代谢组学在市场贸易中衡量Embelia ribes Burm.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106861

Shubhangi Raskar , Sirsha Mitra

Adulteration and substitution in the market trade is a huge problem. Embelia ribes (ER) fruits are used as condiments and in drug formulations that claim substantial market demands. We assessed the trade of ER fruits across Maharashtra, India, for authentication and quality assessment. MaturaseK amplification identified ER’s close relatives E. tsjeriam-cottam (ET) and E. vestita (EV) (Primulaceae), and distant genera Basella alba (BA) (Basellaceae) and Cinnamomum aromaticum (CA) (Lauraceae) fruits in the market trade. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based comparative metabolomics revealed that ER fruits are metabolically diverse than others. Multivariate analysis showed that ET shares maximum compound similarity with ER and possesses all ER’s major compound classes. However, the percentage of benzoquinones, flavonoids, and furans is less in ET than in ER. Moreover, ER and ET metabolites are associated with different pathways. We conclude that although ET is deemed a good ER substitute, ER replacement by ET altered chemical synergy.

市场贸易中的掺假和替代是一个巨大的问题。巴西莓（Embelia ribes，ER）被用作调味品和药物配方，市场需求巨大。我们对印度马哈拉施特拉邦的ER水果贸易进行了鉴定和质量评估。通过 MaturaseK 扩增鉴定出了 ER 的近亲 E. tsjeriam-cottam (ET) 和 E. vestita (EV)（报春花科），以及市场贸易中的远亲 Basella alba (BA) （巴赛尔科）和 Cinnamomum aromaticum (CA)（月桂科）水果。基于液相色谱-串联质谱的比较代谢组学发现，与其他水果相比，ER 水果的代谢具有多样性。多变量分析表明，ET 与 ER 的化合物相似度最高，并拥有 ER 的所有主要化合物类别。但 ET 中苯醌类、黄酮类和呋喃类化合物的比例低于 ER。此外，ER 和 ET 的代谢物与不同的途径有关。我们的结论是，尽管 ET 被认为是一种很好的 ER 替代品，但用 ET 替代 ER 会改变化学协同作用。

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引用次数: 0

Fast identification of Baijius based on organic acid response colorimetric sensor array 基于有机酸响应比色传感器阵列的白酒快速识别技术

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106862

Zhengfan Shui , Jiaying Zhao , Yunhui Li , Changjun Hou , Zhihua Li , Huibo Luo , Suyi Zhang , Yi Ma , Danqun Huo

Herein, a simple colorimetric sensor array sensitive to organic acids was designed by gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles modified with four different compounds for the identification of 16 famous Baijius containing different organic acids. In detail, the sensing mechanism of the colorimetric sensor array was based on the charge transfer between the nanoparticle surface protectant and H⁺, which reduced the electrostatic force between the nanoparticles, leading to the aggregation and color change of the nanoparticles. The unique color change of the colorimetric array before and after the reaction was used as a unique fingerprint profile for each specific analyte, which can be identified by the naked eye. The generated digital database was analyzed using pattern recognition methods, including principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). All Baijius can be easily identified by fingerprint mapping or PCA scoring maps. 32 blind samples were tested by LDA and 30 samples were correctly classified. The HCA results showed that all samples were correctly classified and even very similar 1 % dilutions of the Baijiu can be easily distinguished, demonstrating the potential of the constructed colorimetric sensor array technology for quality control applications of Baijius and other beverages.

本文利用金（Au）和银（Ag）纳米粒子修饰四种不同的化合物，设计了一种对有机酸敏感的简易比色传感器阵列，用于鉴定含有不同有机酸的16种著名白酒。具体而言，比色传感器阵列的传感机理是基于纳米颗粒表面保护剂与 H+ 之间的电荷转移，从而降低了纳米颗粒之间的静电力，导致纳米颗粒的聚集和颜色变化。比色阵列在反应前后的独特颜色变化被用作每种特定分析物的独特指纹图谱，肉眼即可识别。生成的数字数据库采用模式识别方法进行分析，包括主成分分析（PCA）、层次聚类分析（HCA）和线性判别分析（LDA）。通过指纹图谱或 PCA 评分图谱，可以很容易地识别出所有白酒。对 32 个盲样进行了线性判别分析测试，其中 30 个样本被正确分类。HCA 结果表明，所有样品都能正确分类，即使是非常相似的 1 % 稀释白酒也能轻松区分，这证明了所构建的比色传感器阵列技术在白酒和其他饮料的质量控制应用中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Information fusion of hyperspectral imaging and self-developed electronic nose for evaluating the degree of black tea fermentation 高光谱成像与自主研发的电子鼻在红茶发酵程度评估中的信息融合

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106859

Fengle Zhu , Huan Yao , Yuecheng Shen , Yuqian Zhang , Xiaoli Li , Jiang Shi , Zhangfeng Zhao

Fermentation is a crucial step in the processing of black tea. Currently, the evaluation of the fermentation degree of black tea relies mainly on manual experience, which suffers from subjectivity and lacks quantifiability. This study proposed the fusion of hyperspectral imaging and electronic nose to evaluate the degree of black tea fermentation. The self-developed electronic nose was used to acquire aroma information, while hyperspectral imaging was used to obtain color and spectral information during the fermentation process. The samples were collected at different fermentation time including insufficient, moderate, and excessive fermentation. Then, the classification models were constructed based on individual types of information. Subsequently, the electronic nose data were fused with the hyperspectral data using different information fusion strategies (low-level, middle-level, high-level) and the classification models were built accordingly. Six types of classifiers were established. Results showed that with deeper levels of fusion, the accuracy of the model on the test set gradually improved. In the high-level fusion, the accuracy of the test set reached 100 %, with improvements of 10.34 % and 8.62 % compared with that solely based on electronic nose and hyperspectral imaging, respectively. This indicates that the proposed information fusion method is highly effective, providing state-of-the-art insights into and technologies for the evaluation of black tea fermentation degree.

发酵是红茶加工的关键步骤。目前，红茶发酵程度的评价主要依靠人工经验，主观性强，缺乏可量化性。本研究提出将高光谱成像技术与电子鼻技术相结合来评价红茶的发酵程度。自主研发的电子鼻用于获取香气信息，高光谱成像用于获取发酵过程中的颜色和光谱信息。在不同的发酵时间采集样品，包括发酵不足、发酵适度和发酵过度。然后，根据不同类型的信息构建分类模型。随后，使用不同的信息融合策略（低级、中级、高级）将电子鼻数据与高光谱数据融合，并建立相应的分类模型。共建立了六种类型的分类器。结果表明，随着融合程度的加深，模型在测试集上的准确率逐渐提高。在高级融合中，测试集的准确率达到了 100%，与仅基于电子鼻和高光谱成像的准确率相比，分别提高了 10.34 % 和 8.62 %。这表明所提出的信息融合方法非常有效，为红茶发酵程度的评估提供了最先进的见解和技术。

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引用次数: 0

Zinc determination in common beans by pXRF: An easy and versatile calibration strategy applied to biofortification studies 利用 pXRF 测定普通豆类中的锌：一种应用于生物强化研究的简便且多用途的校准策略

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106851

Shayani Kimberly Benedito , Mikaela Martins de Bem , Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme , Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro , Marcelo Braga Bueno Guerra

Zinc deficiency is observed in millions of individuals, especially in underdeveloped countries. Therefore, agronomical strategies have been implemented to mitigate this public health issue, mainly by the biofortification of staple food crops, e.g., common beans, one of the most consumed leguminous grains worldwide. Accurate Zn determination by an analytical method is one of the most relevant steps in these initiatives. This study evaluated three calibration methods for Zn determination by portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF) in pelletized common bean samples. A Ti/Al primary filter and a 10-second irradiation time were selected as optimized operating conditions. The sample with the highest Zn content was submitted to acid extraction with diluted HCl and HNO₃ to obtain synthetic blanks. Increasing amounts of the original sample were mixed with the obtained blanks to prepare the calibration curves standards. An additional calibration model with plant-based CRMs was also evaluated. Zinc mass fractions calculated using the calibration model of HCl-extracted and mixed samples showed statistical agreement with the reference data as demonstrated by the Student t-test at a 95 % confidence level. The linear correlation factor (r) was greater than 0.99, with a detection limit as low as 2.23 mg kg⁻¹. The obtained calibration model also exhibited high prediction capability, as revealed by the low RMSEP (Root Mean Square Error of Prediction), i.e., 2.16 mg kg⁻¹. We concluded that pXRF is an attractive and cost-effective method for direct, quick, and environmentally friendly Zn determination in common beans.

数百万人缺锌（尤其是在欠发达国家）。因此，人们实施了一些农艺策略来缓解这一公共卫生问题，主要是对主食作物进行生物强化，例如世界上消耗量最大的豆类谷物之一--普通豆类。用分析方法准确测定锌是这些措施中最重要的步骤之一。本研究评估了通过便携式 X 射线荧光光谱仪（pXRF）测定粒状普通豆类样品中锌含量的三种校准方法。选择钛/铝初级过滤器和 10 秒照射时间作为优化操作条件。用稀释的 HCl 和 HNO3 对锌含量最高的样品进行酸提取，以获得合成空白样。将原始样品与获得的空白混合，以制备校准曲线标准。此外，还评估了另一种基于植物的有证标准物质的校准模型。使用 HCl 萃取和混合样品的校准模型计算出的锌质量分数与参考数据在 95% 的置信水平下通过学生 t 检验显示出统计学上的一致性。线性相关系数 (r) 大于 0.99，检测限低至 2.23 mg kg-1。所获得的校准模型也显示出较高的预测能力，其 RMSEP（预测均方根误差）较低，即 2.16 mg kg-1。我们的结论是，pXRF 是一种具有吸引力且经济有效的方法，可用于直接、快速、环保地测定普通豆类中的锌含量。

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引用次数: 0

Phenolic content, volatile composition and sensory profile of red wines macerated with toasted woods from different South American botanical species 用南美不同植物物种的烘烤木材浸泡红葡萄酒的酚类物质含量、挥发性成分和感官特征

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106854

António M. Jordão , Ana C. Correia , Renato V. Botelho , Miriam Ortega-Heras , María L. González-SanJosé

The use of wood species from South American origin was not previously considered for wine aging. Thus, this work focuses on the comparative analysis of phenolic content, volatile composition and sensory characteristics of a red wine macerated with woods, in form of toasted cubes, from jequitibá, jaqueira, ipê, amburana and lenga species. All wines macerated with these woods showed a tendency for an increase of the phenolic parameters evaluated. This tendency was more evident in wine chromatic characteristics, especially for the wine macerated with jequitibá wood, where significantly higher color intensity and total color difference values was detected. For volatile composition, the different wood species induced significant changes on wine volatile profile. Thus, 3-hydroxy-4-phenyl-2-butanone was only detected in wine macerated with jaqueira wood, while benzophenone, ethyl pentadecanoate, D-citronellol, linalool, geranic acid and isovainillic acid were only detected in wine macerated with amburana wood. For sensory profile, wine macerated with amburana wood showed significantly higher scores for “coconut”, “toasted” and “floral” aroma descriptors, while for taste and overall appreciation this wine also showed a tendency for a slightly higher score. The outcomes of this research improved the knowledge of the use of several South American wood species on red wine characteristics.

在葡萄酒的陈酿过程中，以前从未考虑过使用来自南美洲的木材品种。因此，这项研究主要是对红葡萄酒的酚含量、挥发性成分和感官特性进行比较分析，浸渍的木材是烤过的立方体，分别来自 Jequitibá、Jaqueira、ipê、amburana 和 lenga 树种。所有用这些木材浸渍过的葡萄酒的酚类物质参数都有增加的趋势。这种趋势在葡萄酒的色泽特征上更为明显，尤其是用 jequitibá 木浸渍的葡萄酒，其色泽强度和总色差值明显更高。在挥发性成分方面，不同的木材种类对葡萄酒的挥发性特征有显著的影响。因此，3-羟基-4-苯基-2-丁酮只在用雅克伊拉木材浸渍的葡萄酒中检测到，而二苯甲酮、十五烷酸乙酯、D-香茅醇、芳樟醇、香叶酸和异香草醛酸只在用安布拉纳木材浸渍的葡萄酒中检测到。在感官特征方面，浸渍过安息香木的葡萄酒在 "椰子"、"烘烤 "和 "花香 "等香气描述指标上得分明显较高，而在口感和整体鉴赏方面，这种葡萄酒也有得分略高的趋势。这项研究的成果提高了人们对使用南美几种木材对红葡萄酒特性的影响的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of selenium biofortification by liquid fermentation based on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its effect on nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus 基于 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的液体发酵法硒生物强化的优化及其对黑木耳营养价值的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106850

Anqi Guan , Mengmeng Wang , Yashi Gong , Tiantian Huang , Yuguang Du , Shuai Zong

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most popular edible mushrooms worldwide and has been proposed as a candidate for human selenium (Se) supplementation. The objective of this study is to develop a Se-biofortification method by liquid fermentation and evaluate the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Na₂SeO₃ fortification doses and initial pH on P. ostreatus mycelium growth, nutritional value, and mineral accumulation. The optimal growth conditions were identified as 2,4-D 2.00 mg L⁻¹, Na₂SeO₃ 30.65 mg L⁻¹, and initial pH 5.97 by Box-Behnken design. The optimization resulted in the biomass of 15.75 g L⁻¹ and the organic Se content of 594.85 mg kg⁻¹, which was 2.50 and 8.03 times higher than the control group, respectively. In parallel, the contents of polysaccharides, proteins, essential amino acids, major functional components, and several minerals in mycelium were increased to varying degrees. Overall, this study will provide an experimental basis for the use of P. ostreatus mycelium as a good carrier for organic Se enrichment by liquid fermentation and technical support for the industrial development of new Se biofortification methods.

牛肝菌（Pleurotus ostreatus）是全球最受欢迎的食用菌之一，已被建议作为人类补硒（Se）的候选菌种。本研究旨在开发一种液体发酵的硒生物强化方法，并评估 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）、Na2SeO3 强化剂量和初始 pH 值对牡蛎菌丝生长、营养价值和矿物质积累的影响。通过 Box-Behnken 设计，确定最佳生长条件为 2,4-D 2.00 mg L-1、Na2SeO3 30.65 mg L-1、初始 pH 5.97。优化后，生物量为 15.75 g L-1，有机 Se 含量为 594.85 mg kg-1，分别是对照组的 2.50 倍和 8.03 倍。同时，菌丝体中的多糖、蛋白质、必需氨基酸、主要功能成分和多种矿物质的含量也有不同程度的提高。总之，本研究将为利用大孔菌菌丝体作为液体发酵有机富集 Se 的良好载体提供实验依据，为工业化开发新的 Se 生物强化方法提供技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Potentiometric analysis of fluoride in commonly consumed beverages: Method development, evaluation, and risk assessment 常用饮料中氟的电位分析：方法开发、评价和风险评估

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106836

Diana Amorello , Salvatore Barreca , Fabiola Pensato , Silvia Orecchio

In this research paper, a potentiometric analytical method for the determination of Fluoride was developed and applied to analyse the most commonly consumed beverages. Considering all the beverages studied, the fluoride levels ranged from the detection limit (0.02 mg L⁻¹) to 3.5 mg L⁻¹, measured in tea samples obtained from an automatic dispenser. In conclusion, the investigated beverages do not pose a problem for humans if they are consumed in moderation. For coffees, barley-based drinks, infusions, chamomiles, herbal teas and teas, which are commonly prepared with tap or bottled water, the fluoride content of the water should also be added to the results obtained to assess the real contribution. The only drink potentially causing a risk, especially for children, could be tea prepared by infusing the leaves contained in paper filters because it contributes significantly to the daily dose of fluoride. This dose would increase if the fluoride contribution from water were taken into account.

本研究论文开发了一种测定氟化物的电位分析方法，并将其用于分析最常饮用的饮料。在研究的所有饮料中，从自动分装机获得的茶叶样本中测得的氟含量从检测限（0.02 毫克/升-1）到 3.5 毫克/升-1 不等。总之，如果适量饮用所研究的饮料，不会对人体造成问题。对于通常用自来水或瓶装水冲泡的咖啡、大麦饮料、泡腾片、菊花茶、花草茶和茶，还应将水的氟含量加入所得结果中，以评估其实际影响。唯一可能造成风险的饮料，尤其是对儿童而言，可能是用纸过滤器中的茶叶泡制的茶，因为这种茶会大大增加氟的日摄入量。如果考虑到水的氟含量，这一剂量还会增加。

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引用次数: 0

Metals in pork lard: Determination by RP DLLME and FAAS, and risk estimation of daily intake 猪油中的金属：采用 RP DLLME 和 FAAS 法测定，并对每日摄入量进行风险评估

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106860

Mayara Patricia de Oliveira Santos , Nicoli Andressa Carboni , Eder Lisandro de Moraes Flores , Cristiane Canan , Oldair Donizeti Leite , Deisy Alessandra Drunkler

A new method for determining metals (Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Ni) in pork lard was proposed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) using the reversed-phase liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction technique (RP-DLLME) in sample preparation. In optimizing the protocol, the dispersion solvents n-propanol and isopropanol were evaluated, as well as HNO₃ and HNO₃ + HCl (1:1 v v⁻¹) as extracting solvent, the effect of ultrasound and the centrifugation time for the separation of the aqueous extraction phase of the matrix. The estimated limits of quantification for Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Ni were 0.0106, 0.0136, 0.0042, 0.0169, and 0.0124 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. The accuracy for the metals analyzed varied between 95.6 % and 104.4 %, and the precision (RSD) was estimated at around 1 %. Different brands of lard (n = 6) showed recoveries between 90.2 % and 103.2 %, with RSD between 0.024 % and 0.094 %. The estimated daily intake risk for the elements ranged from 0.43 % to 2.79 % for Fe, 0.21–4.22 % for Mg, and 5.13–25.83 % for Ni, of the maximum tolerable intake level. The estimated risk quotient for the metals analyzed was less than 1 ×10⁻⁵, indicating that it is unlikely that sensitive populations will be affected by lard consumption for the metals evaluated.

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）和反相液-液分散微萃取技术（RP-DLLME）制备样品，提出了一种测定猪油中金属（铜、铁、镁、锰和镍）的新方法。在优化方案的过程中，对正丙醇和异丙醇作为分散溶剂、HNO3 和 HNO3 + HCl（1:1 v v-1）作为萃取溶剂、超声波和离心时间对基质水相萃取分离的影响进行了评估。铜、铁、镁、锰和镍的估计定量限分别为 0.0106、0.0136、0.0042、0.0169 和 0.0124 毫克/千克。所分析金属的准确度介于 95.6 % 和 104.4 % 之间，精密度（RSD）约为 1 %。不同品牌的猪油（n = 6）的回收率在 90.2 % 到 103.2 % 之间，RSD 在 0.024 % 到 0.094 % 之间。铁、镁和镍的估计日摄入风险分别为最高耐受摄入量的 0.43 % 至 2.79 %、0.21 % 至 4.22 % 和 5.13 % 至 25.83 %。所分析金属的估计风险商数小于 1 ×10-5，表明敏感人群不太可能因食用猪油而受到所评估金属的影响。

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引用次数: 0