Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献_第9页

Non-destructive detection of internal mold in Torreya grandis seeds using NIR spectroscopy and deep learning with integrated preprocessing and variable selection 综合预处理和变量选择的近红外光谱和深度学习技术在香榧种子内部霉菌无损检测中的应用

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108899

Yuan Du , Haihang Wang , Binyan Hou , Jiajun Zan , Jiasheng Wu , Tong Sun , Lili Song

Torreya grandis seeds are valued for their nutritional and culinary benefits, but internal mold can affect seed quality without being visible. This study explores the use of near-infrared spectroscopy for rapid, non-destructive detection of internal mold in these seeds. By analyzing spectral differences between healthy and moldy seeds, various preprocessing techniques were applied to optimize the data. Key wavelengths were selected using both individual and hybrid variable selection methods. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models were developed for classification. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) visualized the impact of key wavelengths, while t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used for model visualization. The results show that CNN and MLP models outperform the traditional LDA model. The Savitzky-Golay (SG)-Baseline-Single Nucleotide Variant (SNV) preprocessing method is the most effective for CNN and MLP models. Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS)-Iterative Channel Optimization (ICO) and Univariate Variable Elimination (UVE)-CARS-ICO were optimal for variable selection in CNN and MLP, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the CARS-ICO-CNN and UVE-CARS-ICO-MLP models were 97.22 %, 96.15 %, 97.83 % and 97.22 %, 92.31 %, 100 %, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of NIR spectroscopy and deep learning models for quality control in seed processing.

香榧种子因其营养和烹饪价值而受到重视，但内部霉菌会在不可见的情况下影响种子质量。本研究探索了使用近红外光谱快速、无损地检测这些种子中的内部霉菌。通过分析健康种子和霉变种子的光谱差异，采用多种预处理技术对数据进行优化。关键波长的选择采用单独和混合变量选择方法。采用线性判别分析（LDA）、卷积神经网络（CNN）和多层感知器（MLP）模型进行分类。Shapley加性解释（SHAP）将关键波长的影响可视化，t分布随机近邻嵌入（t-SNE）则用于模型可视化。结果表明，CNN和MLP模型优于传统的LDA模型。Savitzky-Golay (SG)-Baseline-Single Nucleotide Variant （SNV）预处理方法对CNN和MLP模型最有效。竞争自适应重加权抽样(CARS)-迭代信道优化（ICO）和单变量变量消除(UVE)-CARS-ICO分别是CNN和MLP中变量选择的最优方法。CARS-ICO-CNN和UVE-CARS-ICO-MLP模型的准确率、灵敏度和特异性分别为97.22 %、96.15 %、97.83 %和97.22 %、92.31 %、100 %。这些发现突出了近红外光谱和深度学习模型在种子加工质量控制方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Validation of benchtop NMR-based quantification of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in edible oils 基于台式核磁共振的食用油饱和、单不饱和和多不饱和脂肪酸定量方法的验证

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108897

Umrbek Mavlanov , Sardorbek Atajanov , Sharofiddin Nuriddinov , Sardorjon Shukurov Salimovich , Soyibjon Bozorov , Tomasz Paweł Czaja , Bekzod Khakimov

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy offers rapid quantification of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids in oils. While high-field NMR has been widely applied, its high operational costs limit accessibility. In contrast, benchtop NMR provides an affordable and user-friendly option for oil analysis. However, its lower sensitivity and resolution have led methods to rely on chemometric modeling, requiring spectra acquired under identical conditions as the reference model, thereby restricting applicability. In this study, we validated for the first time a benchtop (80 MHz) ¹H NMR method for direct quantification of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA in oils using integration of characteristic resonances, enabling a model-free and reproducible approach. To our knowledge, this is the first benchtop NMR validation of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA resonances using authentic triglyceride standards, glyceryl tridecanoate, glyceryl trioleate, and glyceryl trilinoleate, respectively. Binary and ternary mixtures, natural oil blends, and spiked sunflower oils prepared from these standards enabled the direct comparison of fatty acid quantification between benchtop and high-field (500 MHz) ¹H NMR. Our optimized workflow enabled both platforms to deliver comparable accuracy and reproducibility. This validated, model-free approach provides reliable fatty acid profiling, accelerating oil analysis in research and quality control laboratories.

质子核磁共振（1H NMR）光谱提供了油中饱和（SFA），单不饱和（MUFA）和多不饱和（PUFA）脂肪酸的快速定量。虽然高场核磁共振得到了广泛的应用，但其高昂的运行成本限制了其可及性。相比之下，台式核磁共振为油分析提供了一种经济实惠且用户友好的选择。然而，其较低的灵敏度和分辨率导致方法依赖于化学计量学建模，需要在与参考模型相同的条件下获得光谱，从而限制了适用性。在这项研究中，我们首次验证了台式（80 MHz） 1H NMR方法，该方法使用特征共振集成直接定量油中的SFA， MUFA和PUFA，从而实现了无模型和可重复的方法。据我们所知，这是SFA、MUFA和PUFA共振的第一次台式核磁共振验证，分别使用正宗的甘油三酯标准，三酸甘油酯、三油酸甘油三酯和三油酸甘油三酯。根据这些标准制备的二元和三元混合物，天然油混合物和加标向日葵油可以直接比较台式和高场（500 MHz） 1H NMR之间的脂肪酸定量。我们优化的工作流程使两个平台能够提供相当的准确性和再现性。这种经过验证的无模型方法提供了可靠的脂肪酸分析，加速了研究和质量控制实验室的油分析。

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引用次数: 0

Interpretable machine learning for origin classification of brazilian soybeans: A random forest and XAI-based approach 巴西大豆原产地分类的可解释机器学习：随机森林和基于xai的方法

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108896

Khushboo Soni , Russell Frew , Biniam Kebede

eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers a powerful framework for enhancing the transparency and trustworthiness of machine learning models in highly regulated fields such as food traceability. In this study, we applied XAI techniques, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) and Partial Dependence Plots (PDPs), to interpret a Random Forest (RF) classification model developed to determine the geographical origin of Brazilian soybean samples. A total of 60 samples, representing two biomes and six states, were analysed using stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ²H, δ¹⁸O, δ³⁴S) and elemental composition (41 elements). The RF model achieved high classification accuracy at both the biome and state levels using the fused stable isotopes and elemental composition datasets. XAI tools revealed δ¹⁸O, δ²H, Rb, Cs, and Ca as the most influential features, with δ¹⁸O consistently emerging as the dominant predictor. SHAP beeswarm and waterfall plots provided global and local explanations of feature importance, while PDPs and two-way PDPs captured non-linear relationships and synergistic effects between isotopic and elemental variables. These findings confirm the discriminative power of geochemical markers and show the practical value of interpretable models for agroecological traceability and regulatory compliance. This approach advances XAI in food provenance, providing a transparent, region-specific framework that supports sustainability initiatives.

可解释人工智能（XAI）为在食品可追溯性等高度监管领域提高机器学习模型的透明度和可信度提供了一个强大的框架。在这项研究中，我们应用XAI技术、SHapley加性解释（SHapley Additive explanation）和部分依赖图（pdp）来解释为确定巴西大豆样本地理来源而建立的随机森林（Random Forest）分类模型。采用稳定同位素比值（δ13C、δ15N、δ2H、δ18O、δ34S）和元素组成（41个元素）对60个样品进行了分析。利用融合稳定同位素和元素组成数据集，RF模型在生物群系和状态水平上都取得了较高的分类精度。XAI工具显示δ18O、δ2H、Rb、Cs和Ca是影响最大的特征，δ18O一直是主要的预测因子。SHAP蜂群图和瀑布图提供了特征重要性的全局和局部解释，而pdp图和双向pdp图则捕获了同位素和元素变量之间的非线性关系和协同效应。这些发现证实了地球化学标记的鉴别能力，并显示了可解释模型在农业生态可追溯性和法规遵从性方面的实用价值。这种方法促进了XAI在食物来源方面的发展，提供了一个透明的、特定于区域的框架，支持可持续性倡议。

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引用次数: 0

Dutch Total Diet Study: Description and dietary intake of protein and fat of 3–11-year-old children 荷兰总饮食研究：3 - 11岁儿童蛋白质和脂肪摄入量的描述

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108894

Leontien de Pagter-de Witte , Jacqueline J.M. Castenmiller , Jan Dirk te Biesebeek , Annemieke M. Pustjens , Polly E. Boon

A Total Diet Study (TDS) of 3–5-, 6–8- and 9–11-year-old children has been conducted, based on food consumption data of the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS) 2019–2021. In total, 2258 foods, including beverages were bought, prepared if applicable, and pooled into 195 composite samples. Protein and fat concentrations of the composite samples were analysed and the intake per age group was calculated. For children aged 3–5 years, 6–8 years and 9–11 years, mean protein intakes were 47, 56 and 65 g/day, respectively with main contributions from “bread” and “milk and milk-based beverages”. The mean fat intakes were 56, 65 and 77 g/day, respectively. Consumption of “chocolates", "margarines and butter” and “oils and fats" contributed most to the fat intake. These intakes are higher than the reference intakes from the Health Council of the Netherlands for protein and close to the maximum intake values for fat. Protein and fat intake estimates based on concentrations of analysed foods, including beverages, from the present TDS were comparable to those obtained using the Dutch food composition database (NEVO).

根据荷兰国家食品消费调查（DNFCS） 2019-2021年的食品消费数据，对3-5岁、6-8岁和9 - 11岁儿童进行了一项总饮食研究（TDS）。总共购买了2258种食品（包括饮料），并在适用的情况下进行了配制，并汇集成195种复合样品。分析了复合样品的蛋白质和脂肪浓度，并计算了每个年龄组的摄入量。对于3-5岁、6-8岁和9-11岁的儿童，平均蛋白质摄入量分别为47、56和65 g/天，主要来自“面包”和“牛奶及牛奶饮料”。平均脂肪摄入量分别为56、65和77 克/天。食用“巧克力”、“人造黄油和黄油”以及“油脂”是脂肪摄入的主要原因。这些摄入量高于荷兰卫生委员会提供的蛋白质参考摄入量，接近脂肪的最大摄入量。目前TDS中基于分析食品（包括饮料）浓度的蛋白质和脂肪摄入量估计与使用荷兰食品成分数据库（NEVO）获得的结果相当。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of geographical origin, vintage and plant material on the phenolic and sensory characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Mendoza, Argentina 产地、年份和植物材料对阿根廷门多萨赤霞珠葡萄酒酚性和感官特性的影响

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108895

Flavio Muñoz , Roy Urvieta , Aníbal Catania , Fernando Buscema , Ariel Fontana , Federico Berli

Geographical origin, vintage and plant material shape chemical and sensory typicity of Cabernet Sauvignon, yet their relative contributions across sites and years remain insufficiently quantified. We assessed four Geographical Indications (GIs) (Agrelo, Altamira, Pampa El Cepillo and Gualtallary), three vintages (2018, 2019 and 2022) and two Cabernet Sauvignon clonal families Clone 7 (C7) and Mount Eden (ME). Triplicate micro-vinifications per GI × plant material × vintage under identical conditions, targeted LC-DAD-FLD phenolic profiling with chemometrics (ANOVA/MANOVA, MFA, clustering), and trained-panel descriptive sensory analysis in 2019 and 2022 were evaluated. Geographical origin accounted for the largest multivariate separation, with Gualtallary (1350 m a.s.l.) consistently discriminated across vintages. High-altitude wines showed higher di-hydroxylated anthocyanins, quercetin and trans-resveratrol together with lower pH and higher total acidity than other GIs; vintage modulated absolute concentrations (warmer 2022 vs. cooler 2018 and 2019), but GI patterns persisted. The plant-material effect was comparatively weak for GI discrimination, and both materials from Gualtallary grouped apart from other origins. Sensory profiles differed by GI in both panels, supporting the chemical separation. Within the bounds of this observational, multi-vintage design, origin (modulated by altitude-related environments) emerged as a robust structuring factor of Mendoza Cabernet Sauvignon typicity, and the results provide candidate GI level markers and a framework for multi-vintage typicity assessments.

地理来源、年份和植物材料塑造了赤霞珠的化学和感官典型性，但它们在不同地点和年份之间的相对贡献尚未得到充分的量化。我们评估了四个地理标志（Agrelo, Altamira， Pampa El Cepillo和Gualtallary），三个年份（2018,2019和2022）和两个赤霞珠克隆家族克隆7号（C7）和伊甸山（ME）。采用化学计量学（ANOVA/MANOVA、MFA、聚类）和训练面板描述性感官分析，对2019年和2022年每GI ×植物材料×葡萄年份的三次微发酵进行了评估。地理来源占最大的多变量分离，高tallary（1350 m a.s.l）在不同年份中一致区分。高原葡萄酒的二羟基花青素、槲皮素和反式白藜芦醇含量较高，pH值较低，总酸度较高；年份调节了绝对浓度（2022年较暖，2018年和2019年较冷），但GI模式持续存在。植物材料效应对GI区分的影响相对较弱，来自高tallary的两种材料与其他来源的材料分开分组。两个面板的感觉剖面因GI不同而不同，这支持了化学分离。在这一观察范围内，多年份设计、原产地（受海拔相关环境的调节）成为门多萨赤霞珠典型性的一个强有力的结构因素，研究结果为多年份典型性评估提供了候选GI水平标记和框架。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing the nutritional potential of nine vegetable melon (Cucumis melo L.) landraces of Puglia region (Southern Italy) 意大利南部普利亚地区9种蔬菜甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）地方品种的营养潜力

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108882

Annalisa Somma , Adriano Didonna , Concetta Eliana Gattullo , Miriana Durante , Maria Gonnella , Carmela Di Spiridione , Angelo Signore , Onofrio Davide Palmitessa , Roberto Terzano , Pietro Santamaria

The diversification of vegetable food is essential for enhancing nutrient sources and dietary health. Vegetable melon (Cucumis melo L.) landraces from Puglia region (Southern Italy), represent a valuable yet underutilized resource. Recently, they have gained commercial interest and consumer appreciation at the international level. This study defined the nutritional composition of nine melon landraces (‘Barattiere tondo’, ‘Carosello leccese’, ‘Carosello striato tondo di Massafra’, ‘Carosello di Polignano’, ‘Carosello scopatizzo’, ‘Cucumbr di Martina Franca’, ‘Spuredda bianca’, ‘Spuredda fasciata’, ‘Spuredda nera’) — hypothetically classified into “Barattiere,” “Carosello,” and “Spuredda” groups — by analyzing their phytochemical (polyphenols, isoprenoids, soluble sugars) and mineral elements profiles. While “Barattiere” showed a poorer nutritional profile compared to the others, “Spuredda” landraces, particularly ‘Spuredda bianca’, exhibited the highest levels of pro-vitamin A (8.5 μg·g⁻¹ dry weight, DW), polyphenols (125.2 mg·kg⁻¹ DW), and iron (28.2 mg·kg⁻¹ DW). Moreover, the presence of methyl gallate (up to 117.0 mg·kg⁻¹ DW) — uncommon and sought-after polyphenol in edible fruits, yet predominant in these local vegetable melons — reinforces their relevance for human nutrition. Compared to cucumber and honeydew melon, these landraces demonstrated intermediate nutritional properties. The findings revealed the valuable contribution of these unripe melons to a sustainable and diversified diet, and potentially to breeding programs.

蔬菜食品的多样化对提高营养来源和饮食健康至关重要。来自普利亚地区（意大利南部）的蔬菜甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）是一种宝贵但未充分利用的资源。最近，它们在国际上获得了商业利益和消费者的赞赏。本研究通过分析其植物化学成分（多酚类、类异萜烯类、可溶性糖）和矿物元素谱，确定了9个地方甜瓜品种（“Barattiere tondo”、“Carosello leccese”、“Carosello striato tondo di Massafra”、“Carosello Polignano”、“Carosello scopatizzo”、“cucumr di Martina Franca”、“Spuredda bianca”和“Spuredda”）的营养成分。这些品种被假设分为“Barattiere”、“Carosello”和“Spuredda”。与其他品种相比，“Barattiere”的营养状况较差，而“Spuredda”的地方品种，特别是“Spuredda bianca”，表现出最高水平的维生素a原（8.5 μg·g−1干重，DW），多酚（125.2 mg·kg−1 DW）和铁（28.2 mg·kg−1 DW）。此外，未食子酸甲酯（高达117.0 mg·kg - 1 DW）的存在——在可食用水果中不常见且受欢迎的多酚，但在这些当地蔬菜瓜中占主导地位——加强了它们与人类营养的相关性。与黄瓜和蜜瓜相比，这些地方品种表现出中等的营养特性。研究结果揭示了这些未成熟的瓜对可持续和多样化的饮食以及潜在的育种计划的宝贵贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Seed tocochromanol-based chemotaxonomy of Euroasian grapevine (Vitaceae) species 欧亚葡萄属植物（葡萄科）种子的异丙酚化学分类

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108893

Danija Lazdiņa , Inga Mišina , Krists Dukurs , Paweł Górnaś

Tocochromanols (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are powerful lipophilic antioxidants, along with other bioactive functions, found in plants. Tocopherols are more common, and present in all plant parts, while tocotrienols are generally only present in the seeds of some plants. Grapeseed (Vitis vinifera) is one of few household cooking oils to contain predominantly tocotrienols. Meanwhile, tocochromanol profile in other grapevines (Vitis and other genera of Vitaceae family) is scarcely investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate tocochromanol profiles in the grapevine family (Ampelocissus, Ampelopsis, Cissus, Cyphostemma, Leea, and Parthenocissus genus), and validate a simplified ultrasound-assisted ethanolic extraction protocol. Total tocochromanol content ranged 4.9–24.4 mg 100 g⁻¹ dw, all grapevine seeds predominantly contained tocotrienols. The main tocochromanol in Ampelocissus, Ampelopsis and Parthenocissus was generally α-tocotrienol, while γ-tocotrienol was preferentially accumulated in Cyphostemma species’ seeds. Vitis species contained a similar amount of both, and Leea either contained α-tocotrienol, or both. Ultrasound-assisted extraction in ethanol, produced 92–98 % tocotrienol and 62–86 % tocopherol recovery, respectively, compared to the standard saponification protocol. The simplified ultrasound-assisted ethanolic extraction protocol is suitable for all studied Vitaceae species, facilitating rapid extraction and testing. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis grouped species into two groups: α-tocotrienol or γ-tocotrienol-dominated.

生育酚（生育酚和生育三烯醇）是植物中发现的强大的亲脂性抗氧化剂，具有其他生物活性功能。生育酚更常见，存在于植物的所有部位，而生育三烯醇通常只存在于某些植物的种子中。葡萄籽油（Vitis vinifera）是少数几种主要含有生育三烯醇的家用食用油之一。同时，对其他葡萄属植物（葡萄属及其他属）中多巴胺醇的研究很少。本研究的目的是研究葡萄科植物（葡萄属、葡萄属、茜草属、Cyphostemma、Leea和Parthenocissus属）中tocochromanol的谱图，并验证一种简化的超声辅助乙醇提取方案。总生育三烯醇含量范围为4.9 ~ 24.4 mg 100 g−1 dw，所有葡萄种子主要含有生育三烯醇。蛇耳草、蛇耳草和孤雌蛇耳草中主要的生育三烯醇为α-生育三烯醇，而γ-生育三烯醇则优先在藤属植物的种子中积累。葡萄属植物含有相似数量的α-生育三烯醇，而李属植物要么含有α-生育三烯醇，要么两者都含有。与标准皂化方案相比，超声辅助乙醇提取的生育三烯醇回收率分别为92-98 %和62-86 %。简化的超声辅助乙醇提取方案适用于所有研究的Vitaceae物种，便于快速提取和检测。主成分分析和聚类分析将种属分为α-生育三烯醇和γ-生育三烯醇为主两类。

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引用次数: 0

Oil and meal from waste fodder radish seed press cake via maceration extraction: Composition, optimization, kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis 废饲料萝卜籽压榨饼浸渍提取油和粕：组成、优化、动力学和热力学分析

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108881

Vesna S. Zlatković , Nada L. Grahovac , Ivana B. Banković Ilić , Petar M. Mitrović , Zoran B. Todorović , Ana M. Marjanović Jeromela , Vlada B. Veljković

The residual oil was extracted from fodder radish seed press cake via maceration using n-hexane. The effects of maceration temperature (20–70 °C), solvent/cake ratio (3–10 mL/g), and time (up to 15 min) on oil yield were studied. Optimization was performed with response surface methodology and a historical design. A quadratic equation modeled the relationship between yield and process factors, with strong predictive capability (R² > 0.93) and minimal deviation (± 0.7 %). The maximum oil yield of 24.26 ± 0.02 % was achieved at 61–70 °C, 8–10 mL/g solvent/cake ratio, and 11–15 min. At 70 °C, 10 mL/g, and 15 min, the actual yield was 24.2 %, aligning with the predicted value. The maceration process was endothermic and irreversible, described by both phenomenological and exponential models. The oil was rich in monounsaturated (60.8 %) and polyunsaturated (28.0 %) fatty acids, with lower saturated fats (8.3 %), and contained beneficial compounds like proteins, tocopherols, carotenoids, and chlorophyll. Defatted press cake had higher concentrations of proteins, sugars, and phenolic compounds than the press cake.

采用正己烷浸渍法提取饲料萝卜籽压榨饼中的残油。研究了浸出温度（20 ~ 70℃）、溶剂/饼比（3 ~ 10 mL/g）和浸出时间（15 min）对油脂得率的影响。采用响应面法和历史设计法进行优化。用二次方程建立了产率与工艺因素之间的关系，具有较强的预测能力（R²> 0.93）和最小的偏差（±0.7 %）。在61 ~ 70℃、8 ~ 10 mL/g溶剂/饼比、11 ~ 15 min条件下，最大得油率为24.26 ± 0.02 %。在70℃、10 mL/g、15 min条件下，实际产率为24.2% %，与预测值一致。浸渍过程是吸热和不可逆的，用现象学和指数模型来描述。这种油富含单不饱和脂肪酸（60.8 %）和多不饱和脂肪酸（28.0 %），饱和脂肪含量较低（8.3 %），并含有有益的化合物，如蛋白质、生育酚、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素。脱脂压榨饼的蛋白质、糖和酚类化合物浓度高于压榨饼。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical composition and habitat-dependent variations of the invasive Amelanchier × spicata (Lam.) K. Koch fruits in Lithuania 入侵植物 spicata （Lam.）的植物化学成分及其生境依赖性K.科赫水果在立陶宛

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108890

Sandra Saunoriūtė , Kristina Zymonė , Mindaugas Marksa , Jonas Viškelis , Pranas Viškelis , Lina Raudonė

Invasive plants, despite their ecological and economic drawbacks, remain an underutilized source of bioactive phytochemicals with promising applications in functional foods, phytopharmaceuticals, and natural cosmetics. Amelanchier × spicata (Lam.) K. Koch, invasive in parts of Northern, Eastern, and Central Europe, shows potential for sustainable transformation into value-added ingredients. In this study, fresh fruits of A. × spicata contained 78 % moisture, and all data are expressed on a dry weight (DW) basis. Glucose (331.66 mg/g DW) was the dominant sugar, while ascorbic acid (371.36 µg/g DW) was the main organic acid, both contributing to the fruit’s nutritional value. Lutein (3.96 µg/g DW), a carotenoid known for antioxidant and eye-protective benefits, was also identified. Using chromatographic techniques, bioactive compounds were characterized, including phenolic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins. Major compounds included cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (8494.68 µg/g DW), chlorogenic acid (6281.77 µg/g DW), (-)-epicatechin (926.84 µg/g DW), and hyperoside (812.36 µg/g DW). This quantitatively characterized polyphenol profile, together with high antioxidant capacity determined by ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays, supports the antioxidant potential and functional relevance of A. × spicata fruits. The findings contribute to valorization strategies for invasive species, encouraging their sustainable use in bioresource-based innovations and reducing ecological pressure through productive utilization.

尽管入侵植物具有生态和经济上的缺陷，但它们仍然是生物活性植物化学物质的未充分利用的来源，在功能食品、植物药物和天然化妆品中有着广阔的应用前景。Amelanchier × spicata （Lam.）在北欧、东欧和中欧部分地区入侵的K. Koch显示出向增值成分可持续转变的潜力。在本研究中，a . × spicata新鲜果实含水量为78 %，所有数据均以干重（DW）表示。葡萄糖（331.66 mg/g DW）是主要的糖类，而抗坏血酸（371.36 µg/g DW）是主要的有机酸，两者都对水果的营养价值有贡献。叶黄素（3.96 µg/g DW）是一种具有抗氧化和保护眼睛功效的类胡萝卜素。利用色谱技术表征了生物活性化合物，包括酚酸、黄酮醇、黄烷-3-醇和花青素。主要化合物包括花青素-3- o -半乳糖苷（8494.68 µg/g DW）、绿原酸（6281.77 µg/g DW）、(-)-表儿茶素（926.84 µg/g DW）和金丝桃苷（812.36 µg/g DW）。通过ABTS， FRAP和CUPRAC测定的高抗氧化能力，定量表征了A. × spicata果实的抗氧化潜力和功能相关性。研究结果有助于制定入侵物种的增值策略，鼓励其在基于生物资源的创新中可持续利用，并通过生产性利用减少生态压力。

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引用次数: 0

A time-resolved fluorescent signal tag-mediated immunochromatographic assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of fluoxetine 荧光信号介导的时间分辨免疫层析快速灵敏检测氟西汀

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108884

Wenjia Yang , Lu Zeng , Xinyu Zhang , Xiangrui Li , Qiujin Zhu

The illegal addition of fluoxetine (FLX) to weight-loss products poses significant health risks to consumers. In this study, computer-aided simulation technology was utilized to design and screen FLX hapten. By optimizing the alkyl linker strategy, while preserving the structural similarity with the parent molecule, the hydrophobic interaction was enhanced, thereby significantly improving antibody performance. Based on this strategy, we successfully developed a highly sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb). Leveraging this, we established an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) utilizing time-resolved fluorescent microspheres (TRFMs) for detecting FLX in capsule, tablet, and beverage samples, with limits of detection (LODs) of 3.010 and 1.549 µg/kg, and 0.886 ng/mL, respectively. Notably, the proposed ICA demonstrated acceptable selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. The recovery rates for FLX in the aforementioned matrices were 97.9 %-101.8 %, 96.9 %-103.4 %, and 99.1 %-101.7 %, respectively. These results were consistent with those obtained via LC-MS/MS. The TRFMs-based ICA provides a reliable, rapid, high-sensitivity, and real-time method for monitoring FLX levels. Moreover, this assay provides a promising strategy for the rapid detection of unauthorized non-food additives in food products.

在减肥产品中非法添加氟西汀（FLX）给消费者带来了重大的健康风险。本研究采用计算机辅助仿真技术对FLX半抗原进行设计筛选。通过优化烷基连接策略，在保持与母体分子结构相似性的同时，增强了疏水相互作用，从而显著提高了抗体性能。基于这一策略，我们成功开发了一种高敏感的单克隆抗体（mAb）。基于此，我们建立了一种利用时间分辨荧光微球（TRFMs）检测胶囊、片剂和饮料样品中FLX的免疫色谱法（ICA），检出限（lod）分别为3.010、1.549 µg/kg和0.886 ng/mL。值得注意的是，所提出的ICA显示出可接受的选择性、稳定性和可重复性。FLX在上述基质中的回收率分别为97.9% %-101.8 %、96.9% %-103.4 %和99.1 %-101.7 %。结果与LC-MS/MS法一致。基于trfms的ICA提供了一种可靠、快速、高灵敏度和实时的监测FLX水平的方法。此外，该方法为食品中未经批准的非食品添加剂的快速检测提供了一种有前途的策略。

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引用次数: 0