Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献_第6页

Heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment of tea in Guangzhou, China 广州地区茶叶重金属污染及健康风险评价

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108911

Jiawei Su , Zhenke Yi , Yingxuan Zeng , He Wang , Ronghua Mo , Yuting Liang , Qiting Qiu , Kailin Xu , Kang Wang , Yingxia Wu , Xinyan Zhu , Tuerxun Subi , Zhifeng Zhou , Jufeng Ye

This study evaluated heavy metal contamination and health risks in tea consumed in Guangzhou. Fifty tea samples (green, black, oolong, and dark) from three districts were digested using an optimized microwave protocol with diluted nitric acid (∼42 % HNO₃), achieving complete matrix decomposition, stable recoveries (95–110 %), and reduced acid use. ICP-MS quantified As, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb, while Hg was measured using an automatic mercury analyzer. Metals were detected in 96–100 % of samples, with mean concentrations (mg/kg) following Cu > Cr > Pb > As > Cd > Hg. Dark tea accumulated the highest levels, and district differences reflected environmental contamination, with no significant tea variety × district interaction. Health risk assessment showed non-carcinogenic risks (HI) within acceptable limits for all groups, whereas total carcinogenic risk (TCR) exceeded 1 × 10⁻⁴ in several tea types, particularly among females (Green: 1.34 ×10⁻⁴; Black: 1.25 ×10⁻⁴; Dark: 2.10 ×10⁻⁴) compared with males (Green: 1.16 ×10⁻⁴; Black: 1.08 ×10⁻⁴; Dark: 1.82 ×10⁻⁴), highlighting potential long-term carcinogenic concerns. Arsenic was the main contributor. These findings provide region-specific evidence of Guangzhou tea contamination and demonstrate that the optimized microwave digestion method allows accurate, environmentally considerate heavy metal analysis.

本研究评价了广州地区茶叶中重金属污染及健康风险。采用优化的微波消解方案，用稀释硝酸（~ 42 % HNO₃）消化来自三个地区的50份茶叶样品（绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶和暗茶），实现了完全的基质分解，稳定的回收率（95-110 %），减少了酸的使用。ICP-MS定量As、Cd、Cr、Cu和Pb， Hg采用自动汞分析仪测定。96-100 %的样品中检测到金属，平均浓度（mg/kg）依次为Cu >； Cr >； Pb >； As >； Cd >； Hg。黑茶累积含量最高，地区差异反映了环境污染，茶品种与 地区间不存在显著的交互作用。健康风险评估显示，所有人群的非致癌风险（HI）都在可接受的范围内，而几种茶的总致癌风险（TCR）超过1 × 10⁻⁴，特别是女性（绿色：1.34 ×10⁻⁴；黑色：1.25 ×10⁻⁴；深色：2.10 ×10⁻⁴）与男性（绿色：1.16 ×10⁻⁴；黑色：1.08 ×10⁻⁴；深色：1.82 ×10⁻⁴）相比，突出了潜在的长期致癌问题。砷是主要的贡献者。这些发现提供了广州茶叶污染的区域特异性证据，并表明优化的微波消解方法可以准确，环保地分析重金属。

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引用次数: 0

Development and validation of an analytical method (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in honey. 建立和验证了一种测定蜂蜜中全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的分析方法（UHPLC-MS/MS）。

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108925

Martina Pes , Antonella Rotolo , Giancarla Alberti , Riccardo Magagnato , Leonardo Maria Zapelli , Daniele Merli

Honey, a widely consumed natural product, acts as a bioindicator of environmental contamination because it is produced by bees from nectar collected in polluted flowers. Among contaminants of concern, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are particularly alarming for their persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential adverse health effects. This study presents the validation of a robust analytical UHPLC-MS/MS method designed to detect and quantify 28 PFAS in honey samples. The method demonstrated detection limits of 0,007 – 0,04 ng/mL with precision consistently > 90 % and accuracy ranging from 85 % to 110 %, depending on the specific PFAS and matrix. The analysis of both commercial and non-commercial honey samples revealed the widespread presence of PFAS indicating environmental exposure across diverse sources. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to explore compositional differences between sample types. By providing a validated analytical approach and new data, this work supports improved monitoring of PFAS contamination in honey.

蜂蜜是一种广泛消费的天然产品，它是环境污染的生物指示器，因为它是由蜜蜂从受污染的花朵中采集花蜜生产的。在令人关注的污染物中，全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）因其持久性、生物蓄积性和潜在的不利健康影响而特别令人担忧。本研究建立了一种高效液相色谱-质谱联用（UHPLC-MS/MS）分析方法，用于蜂蜜样品中28种PFAS的检测和定量。该方法的检出限为0,007 ~ 0,04 ng/mL，精密度为>； 90 %，准确度为85 % ~ 110 %，具体取决于特定的PFAS和基质。对商业和非商业蜂蜜样本的分析显示，PFAS广泛存在，表明不同来源的环境暴露。主成分分析（PCA）用于探讨样本类型之间的成分差异。通过提供一种有效的分析方法和新的数据，本工作支持改进蜂蜜中PFAS污染的监测。

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引用次数: 0

Seafood safety concerns: Human health risks from heavy metal bioaccumulation in crustaceans from Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh 海鲜安全问题：孟加拉国考克斯巴扎尔甲壳类动物重金属生物积累对人类健康的风险

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108928

Mohammad Shakil Khan , Saifuddin Rana , Abdullah Al Mamun , Shahida Arfine Shimul , Antar Sarkar , Sk. Ahmad Al Nahid

Heavy metal contamination in marine organisms threatens both ecosystem health and food safety. This study quantified six metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and As) in muscle tissues of shrimp, crabs, and lobster collected from two landing sites along the Cox’s Bazar coast, Bangladesh. Concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and human health risks were evaluated through estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TCR). Significant species-specific differences (p < 0.05) were observed, with crabs showing higher accumulation of Cu, Cr, and As, whereas Pb remained consistently lowest across all species. Non-carcinogenic risks assessed by EDI, THQ, and HI values were within safe thresholds for consumers at current intake levels. In contrast, carcinogenic risk estimates for Cd and Cr slightly exceeded thresholds in several species, particularly Portunus pelagicus and P. sanguinolentus. These findings identify crabs as the most critical group requiring targeted monitoring in seafood safety programs. Although overall contamination levels complied with international food safety guidelines, some risk indices approached critical thresholds. This study provides the first integrated assessment of heavy metal contamination in shrimp, crabs, and lobster from Cox’s Bazar, establishing a baseline for seafood safety monitoring in Bangladesh.

海洋生物重金属污染对生态系统健康和食品安全构成威胁。本研究量化了从孟加拉国考克斯巴扎尔海岸的两个登陆点收集的虾、蟹和龙虾肌肉组织中的六种金属（Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn和As）。使用原子吸收分光光度法测量浓度，并通过估计每日摄入量（EDI）、目标危害商（THQ）、危害指数（HI）和目标癌症风险（TCR）评估人类健康风险。不同物种间存在显著差异（p <； 0.05），螃蟹的Cu、Cr和As积累量较高，而Pb在所有物种中均保持最低水平。通过EDI、THQ和HI值评估的非致癌风险在消费者当前摄入水平的安全阈值范围内。相比之下，对某些物种的Cd和Cr的致癌风险估计略高于阈值，特别是对鲈鱼（Portunus pelagicus）和血螯虾（P. sanguinolentus）。这些发现表明，螃蟹是最关键的群体，需要在海鲜安全计划中进行有针对性的监测。虽然总体污染水平符合国际食品安全准则，但一些风险指数接近临界阈值。这项研究首次对考克斯巴扎尔的虾、蟹和龙虾中的重金属污染进行了综合评估，为孟加拉国的海产品安全监测建立了基线。

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引用次数: 0

Quality and safety assessment of bottled water in Jordan markets 约旦市场瓶装水的质量和安全评估

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108929

Anas Alshishani , Yousef Al-ebini , Maryam Shoai , Diya Alsafadi , Ghaid Hussein , Lena Shaghlil

This study evaluated the quality and safety of 176 different bottled water brands from markets across Jordanian governorates, assessing compliance with WHO/EPA/Jordanian standard (JS) guidelines. Both cupped and bottled packaging formats were evaluated for 10 regular parameters, 56 irregular elements (Li, B, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, V, Pd, Ag, Ru, Rh, Se, Mo, Zn, As, Ni, Cu, Mn, Co, Cr, Fe, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Ir, Pt, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Ce, Dy, Eu, Ga, Ge, In, Ir, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Rb, Sm, Sc, Na, Ta, Te, Tb, Tm, W, Yb, Y, Zr, and bromate), 6 microbiological parameters (total coliforms, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, total viable count, yeast and mold, and Salmonella), and 10 pesticides and organic pollutants. The standard Water Quality Index (WQI) may mask zero value. Bacterial override integrates microbiological and chemical risks. Most brands (≈74 %) were classified as “Excellent”, though some samples significantly exceeded guideline limits for contaminants (bromate, nitrite, nitrate, B, Ba, Al, Mg, Se, and Pb). Microbial hazard was significantly higher in cupped water than bottled, primarily due to packaging and handling practices. Spatial analysis revealed notable geographic disparities in water quality, underscoring the need for strengthened monitoring and regulatory oversight.

本研究评估了来自约旦各省市场的176种不同瓶装水品牌的质量和安全性，评估了对世卫组织/环境保护局/约旦标准（JS）指南的遵守情况。杯形的和瓶装包装10正则参数的格式进行评估,56个不规则的元素(Li B, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, V, Pd, Ag)、俄文,Rh, Se,密苏里州,锌、,镍、铜、锰、有限公司铬、铁、Cd, Sn,某人,英航,红外光谱、Pt、汞、Tl, Pb, Bi, Ce、Dy,欧盟,Ga,通用电气,Ir,洛杉矶,Lu Nd,公关,Rb, Sm, Sc, Na,助教,Te、结核病、Tm, W, Yb, Y,锆、和溴酸盐),6微生物参数(总大肠菌群、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、总活菌计数,酵母和霉菌、沙门氏菌),10种农药和有机污染物。标准水质指数（WQI）可能会掩盖零值。细菌覆盖整合了微生物和化学风险。大多数品牌（≈74 %）被评为“优秀”，尽管一些样品的污染物（溴酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、B、Ba、Al、Mg、Se和Pb）明显超过了指导限值。杯装水的微生物危害明显高于瓶装水，主要是由于包装和处理方法。空间分析显示，水质的地理差异显著，强调了加强监测和监管的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Research on the identification of turmeric from different origins based on portable near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics 基于便携式近红外光谱结合化学计量学的不同产地姜黄鉴别研究

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108927

Zhengtao Wu , Jiaxing Zeng , Yanhui Ye , Erhao Zhang , Zhendong Liu , Xiaozhong Lan , Liang Li

Turmeric is recognized worldwide both as a culinary spice and as an herbal remedy. Studies have reported significant variation in its chemical composition depending on its geographical source. Some suppliers falsely claim premium origins to pass off lower-quality products, driven by profit motives. To address this, there is a growing need for a rapid, practical method to verify the origin of turmeric. In this study, portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), combined with various chemometric methods, was used to identify turmeric from 9 different regions. The local outlier factor (LOF) method outperformed for detecting and removing outliers. Among preprocessing techniques, the first derivative (D1) method achieved the highest accuracy of 67.15% during testing. The k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm delivered superior performance with a test accuracy of 86.35%. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) proved to be the most effective dimensionality reduction tool, maintaining a test accuracy of 96.77%. Among the optimization techniques, the Goose Optimization (GO) algorithm yielded the most robust results, achieving 100% accuracy across trainingand test metrics. The integration of portable NIRS with the LOF-D1-CARS-GO-KNN strategy presents a powerful, scientifically reliable approach for tracing the geographical origin of turmeric, thereby ensuring product authenticity and quality.

姜黄是世界公认的烹饪香料和草药。研究报告说，根据其地理来源的不同，其化学成分有很大差异。在利润动机的驱使下，一些供应商谎称优质原产地，以假冒劣质产品。为了解决这个问题，人们越来越需要一种快速、实用的方法来验证姜黄的来源。本研究采用便携式近红外光谱（NIRS），结合多种化学计量学方法，对9个不同地区的姜黄进行了鉴定。局部离群因子（LOF）方法在检测和去除离群值方面具有较好的效果。在预处理技术中，一阶导数（D1）法在测试中准确率最高，达到67.15%。k-最近邻（KNN）算法的测试准确率为86.35%。竞争自适应重加权抽样（CARS）被证明是最有效的降维工具，保持了96.77%的测试准确率。在优化技术中，Goose optimization （GO）算法产生了最稳健的结果，在训练和测试指标中实现了100%的准确率。将便携式近红外光谱仪与LOF-D1-CARS-GO-KNN策略相结合，为追踪姜黄的地理来源提供了一种强大、科学可靠的方法，从而确保了产品的真实性和质量。

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引用次数: 0

Development and optimization of an effective method for the analysis of chloropropanols and their fatty acid esters in Chongqing hotpot base 重庆火锅底料中氯丙醇及其脂肪酸酯有效分析方法的建立与优化

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108926

Hang Long , Lidan Niu , Ying Li , Jingrong Chen , Fengqiong Chen , Yuhan He , Shihan Xu , Yixiang Liu , Xiao Xu , Jie Zheng

Chloropropanols and their fatty acid esters, particularly 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), are contaminants produced by heating in high-fat foods, such as Chongqing hotpot base, and pose reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity risks. Their quantitative analysis is challenging due to the complex composition of oils and spices. Here, we developed a sensitive isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS) method with an optimized pretreatment process, including modified melting and filtration, refined nitrogen evaporation, and centrifugation after derivatization. This method demonstrated excellent linearity (R² ≥ 0.999), high recoveries (97.27–118.20 %), precision (RSD ≤ 14.93 %), and extremely low limits of detection and quantification (LODs and LOQs) (0.04–2.25 μg/L and 0.13–7.50 μg/L), surpassing previous methods. This method was applied to 12 hotpot base samples, and analysis of different production steps confirmed that processing temperature, time, and ingredients significantly influence the formation of chloropropanol esters. This validated method helps to systematically monitor and improve food safety.

氯丙醇及其脂肪酸酯，特别是3-一氯丙烷-1,2-二醇（3-MCPD），是重庆火锅底料等高脂肪食品加热产生的污染物，具有生殖毒性和致癌性风险。由于油和香料的复杂成分，他们的定量分析具有挑战性。在此，我们建立了一种灵敏的同位素稀释气相色谱-质谱（ID-GC-MS）方法，并优化了预处理工艺，包括改良熔融过滤、精制氮蒸发和衍生化后的离心。该方法线性良好（R²≥0.999），回收率高（97.27 ~ 118.20 %），精密度高（RSD≤14.93 %），检出限和定量限极低（lod和loq分别为0.04 ~ 2.25 μg/L和0.13 ~ 7.50 μg/L），优于现有方法。该方法应用于12个火锅底料样品，通过对不同生产步骤的分析，证实了加工温度、时间和配料对氯丙醇酯的形成有显著影响。该验证方法有助于系统地监测和改进食品安全。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of fruit quality and chemical characterization of local and standard pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars grown in Slovenia 斯洛文尼亚本地和标准梨（Pyrus communis L.）品种果实品质和化学特性的评价

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108921

Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek , Saša Krošelj , Petra Povše , Gregor Osterc

This study evaluated the specific morphological and biochemical parameters of fruits from ten pear cultivars, including several traditional old cultivars, such as 'President Drouard', 'Hartilian', 'Clapp’s Favorite', 'Poire de Cure', 'False Pituralka', 'Risovka', 'Santa Maria', 'Starkrimson', 'Triomphe de Vienne' and 'Nordhäuser Winterflorelle'. Significant differences in fruit quality were observed among the evaluated pear cultivars. The cultivars 'Risovka' (32.62 g) and 'President Drouard' (47.31 g) exhibited the lowest fruit weight, whereas 'Triomphe de Vienne' produced very large fruits with an average weight of 254.4 g. The highest total sugar content was recorded in 'False Pituralka' (138.5 g/kg FW), followed by 'Hartilian', 'Poire de Cure' and 'Nordhäuser Winterflorelle'. In contrast, the lowest total acid content was observed in 'Triomphe de Vienne' and 'Nordhäuser Winterflorelle', resulting in a high sugar-to-acid ratio (S/A) and, consequently, a sweet perceived flavor. The more acidic cultivars, characterized by lower S/A ratios, included 'Starkrimson', 'Santa Maria', 'President Drouard', 'Poire de Cure' and 'Clapp’s Favorite'. The highest phenolic compound contents in the fruit flesh were detected in 'Hartilian', 'Risovka', 'President Drouard' and 'Poire de Cure' (58.77–82.12 mg/kg FW), whereas in the peel, the cultivars 'False Pituralka', 'President Drouard' and 'Poire de Cure' contained the highest phenolic levels (1291–2111 mg/kg FW). The characterization of old pear cultivars from a specific growing region is vital for assessing their quality, as they represent an excellent source of genetic diversity and are invaluable for breeding new cultivars.

本研究对10个梨品种果实的形态和生化指标进行了评价，其中包括“总统Drouard”、“Hartilian”、“Clapp’s Favorite”、“Poire de Cure”、“假Pituralka”、“Risovka”、“Santa Maria”、“Starkrimson”、“Triomphe de Vienne”和“Nordhäuser Winterflorelle”等传统老品种。各评价品种果实品质差异显著。品种‘Risovka’（32.62 g）和‘President Drouard’（47.31 g）的果实重量最低，而‘Triomphe de Vienne’的果实非常大，平均重量为254.4 g。总糖含量最高的是“假Pituralka”（138.5 g/kg FW），其次是“Hartilian”，“Poire de Cure”和“Nordhäuser Winterflorelle”。相比之下，在“凯旋门”和“Nordhäuser冬花”中观察到的总酸含量最低，导致糖酸比高（S/ a），因此，感知到的甜味。酸性较强的品种，其特征是较低的S/A比率，包括“Starkrimson”、“Santa Maria”、“President Drouard”、“Poire de Cure”和“Clapp’S Favorite”。果肉中酚类化合物含量最高的品种为‘Hartilian’、‘Risovka’、‘President Drouard’和‘Poire de Cure’（58.77 ~ 82.12 mg/kg FW），而果皮中酚类化合物含量最高的品种为‘False Pituralka’、‘President Drouard’和‘Poire de Cure’（1291 ~ 2111 mg/kg FW）。来自特定产区的老梨品种的特性对评估其质量至关重要，因为它们代表了遗传多样性的极好来源，对培育新品种具有不可估量的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Afyonkarahisar province local dishes: Evaluation with five different nutrient profiling models Afyonkarahisar省地方菜肴：用五种不同的营养分析模型进行评估

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108922

Esila BAYAR , Ayşe ÜNLÜ

Nutrient profiling (NP) is a method used to assess foods based on their nutrient composition, which holds relevance for public health interventions. Local cuisines are often evaluated for their gastronomic value, but their health impacts warrant equal attention. This study aimed to evaluate 52 local dishes from Afyonkarahisar in Türkiye using five different NP models. The selected NP models were NRF9.3, SAIN-LIM, and Choices Programme, alongside the FSA-Ofcom WXY and Nutri-Score. Scores generated from NP models were ranked for comparative assessment. Salads had the highest score of NRF9.3, while soups had the lowest. According to FSA-Ofcom WXY, 63.46 % of dishes were healthier. SAIN-LIM model classified 17.31 % of dishes as Class 1 (recommended), and 38.46 % as Class 4 (be limited). Nutri-Score results showed 26.92 % of dishes in Class A (best quality), with none in Class E (lowest quality). Meanwhile, 3.85 % of dishes complied with Choices Programme criteria. Strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation was observed between specific ranked scores (p < 0,05). The findings highlight the importance of evaluating local dishes based on portion size and content of saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars. It is recommended to use NP models as objective tools to guide nutrition policies and support healthier food choices.

营养成分分析（NP）是一种基于营养成分评估食物的方法，与公共卫生干预措施有关。当地的菜系通常因其烹饪价值而受到评价，但它们对健康的影响也同样值得关注。本研究旨在使用五种不同的NP模型来评估泰国Afyonkarahisar的52道当地菜肴。所选择的NP模型是NRF9.3， sin - lim和Choices Programme，以及FSA-Ofcom的WXY和nutrition - score。由NP模型生成的分数被排序以进行比较评估。沙拉的NRF9.3得分最高，而汤的得分最低。根据FSA-Ofcom WXY的数据，63.46% %的菜肴更健康。SAIN-LIM模型将17.31 %的菜肴分类为1类（推荐），38.46 %的菜肴分类为4类（有限）。nutrition - score结果显示，26.92 %的菜肴为A类（最佳质量），无E类（最低质量）。同时，3.85 %的菜肴符合选择计划的标准。具体排名得分之间存在显著的正相关（p <； ，0.05）。研究结果强调了根据份量大小和饱和脂肪、钠和添加糖的含量来评估当地菜肴的重要性。建议使用NP模型作为指导营养政策和支持健康食品选择的客观工具。

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引用次数: 0

A collaborative study to validate in vitro assays for protein digestibility assessment using pH-drop and pH-stat methods 利用pH-drop和pH-stat方法验证体外蛋白质消化率评估的合作研究

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108918

Erin M. Goldberg , Amanda G.A. Sá , Adam J. Franczyk , Elaine S. Krul , Barbara Lyle , Mingyan Jing , Fiona Liu , Xin Wu , Nandika Bandara , Guillaume Brisson , Vicenta Garcia Campayo , Lingyun Chen , Sharon Hooper , Lamia L'Hocine , Mike Nickerson , Matthew Nosworthy , James D. House

The diversification of protein sources used in food formulation has increased the need to assess protein quality beyond traditional food forms. Protein digestibility is a key component of the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS), the regulatory metric derived from rodent bioassays. Ethical concerns and the high cost of animal testing limit the ability of food formulators to screen protein ingredients and evaluate processing effects on digestibility. Findings from an international collaborative study are presented to position two in vitro methods, the pH-drop and pH-stat assays, as accredited approaches for determining protein digestibility. Nine laboratories participated in the study and analyzed 12 protein ingredients. Relative standard deviations for repeatability ranged from 0.8 to 2.1 % and 0.5–4.8 %, while reproducibility ranged from 1.2 to 3.6 % and 1.1–4.9 % for the pH-drop and pH-stat methods, respectively. Comparison between the two assays demonstrated strong correlation and moderate agreement, with the pH-stat assay yielding slightly lower digestibility values. In vitro protein digestibility coefficients aligned well with literature reported true faecal protein digestibility values for comparable, non-identical protein ingredients. Both methods received official AOCS Uniform Methods Committee approval, offering simple, affordable, reliable, and ethical tools to support informed decisions on protein digestibility during food formulation.

食品配方中使用的蛋白质来源的多样化增加了评估传统食品形式以外的蛋白质质量的需要。蛋白质消化率是蛋白质消化率校正氨基酸评分（PDCAAS）的关键组成部分，PDCAAS是来自啮齿动物生物测定的调节指标。伦理问题和动物试验的高成本限制了食品配方师筛选蛋白质成分和评估加工对消化率的影响的能力。一项国际合作研究的结果提出了定位两种体外方法，pH-drop和pH-stat测定，作为确定蛋白质消化率的认可方法。9个实验室参与了这项研究，分析了12种蛋白质成分。重复性的相对标准偏差为0.8 ~ 2.1 %和0.5 ~ 4.8 %，pH-drop法和pH-stat法的重复性为1.2 ~ 3.6 %和1.1 ~ 4.9 %。两种测定法之间的比较显示出很强的相关性和适度的一致性，pH-stat测定法产生的消化率值略低。体外蛋白质消化率系数与文献报道的可比较的、不相同的蛋白质成分的真实粪便蛋白质消化率值一致。这两种方法都获得了AOCS统一方法委员会的正式批准，提供了简单、负担得起、可靠和合乎道德的工具，以支持在食品配方过程中对蛋白质消化率的知情决策。

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Nutritional composition, phytochemistry, and mechanistic insights into the health-promoting properties of Termitomyces robustus: A comprehensive review 粗壮白蚁的营养成分、植物化学和促进健康的机理研究综述

IF 4.6 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2026.108903

Uche O. Arunsi , Eziuche A. Ugbogu , Chollom L. Israel , Victor C. Nwankwo , Chinonye C. Arunsi , Daniel C. Ezirim , Ahmad Altayyar , Tuba Esatbeyoglu , Solomon Owumi

Termitomyces robustus is a seasonal edible mushroom with significant nutritional and therapeutic potential. This review summarizes its nutritional content, phytochemical profile, and health-promoting properties based on research from ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, and PubMed. T. robustus contains various bioactive compounds, including gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin, rutin, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, quercetin, and kaempferol, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antifungal effects. The mushroom also provides a rich source of B vitamins, essential for carbohydrate metabolism. Toxicological studies confirm it is safe for consumption. Mechanistic evidence indicates these compounds influence key biological pathways such as Nrf2/KEAP1, TBK1, PPAR-γ, and α-amylase, supporting their potential medical use. However, research gaps remain, including optimal doses and effects on protein expression, which should be explored with high-throughput techniques. Additionally, studying new bioactive compounds in T. robustus could lead to new therapeutic options. This review emphasizes the nutritional and medicinal importance of T. robustus and supports its wider study in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.

粗犷白蚁菌是一种具有重要营养和治疗潜力的季节性食用菌。本文基于ScienceDirect、Wiley、b施普林格和PubMed的研究，综述了其营养成分、植物化学特征和促进健康的特性。粗竹含有多种生物活性化合物，包括没食子酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、鞣花酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁、异槲皮素、槲皮素和山奈酚，具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗糖尿病、抗菌和抗真菌作用。蘑菇还提供了丰富的B族维生素，对碳水化合物代谢至关重要。毒理学研究证实它可以安全食用。机制证据表明，这些化合物影响关键的生物途径，如Nrf2/KEAP1， TBK1， PPAR-γ和α-淀粉酶，支持其潜在的医疗用途。然而，研究空白仍然存在，包括最佳剂量和对蛋白质表达的影响，这应该用高通量技术来探索。此外，研究粗壮藤中新的生物活性化合物可能会带来新的治疗选择。本文强调了粗壮藤的营养和药用价值，并支持其在功能食品和药物领域的广泛研究。

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引用次数: 0