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Millets: Nutrient-rich and climate-resilient crops for sustainable agriculture and diverse culinary applications 小米:营养丰富、气候适应性强的作物,用于可持续农业和多种烹饪用途
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106984
Avinash Sharma , Stanislaus Antony Ceasar , Himanshu Pandey , V.S. Devadas , Ajith Kumar Kesavan , Punabati Heisnam , Amit Vashishth , Varucha Misra , Ashutosh Kumar Mall
Millets have been recognized for their health benefits, resilience in challenging environments, and versatility in cuisine, making them essential to global agriculture and foods. This review examines their phenology, stress responses, carbon footprint, biofortification, and diverse culinary applications. Millets adapt well to adverse climatic conditions, thriving in marginal lands with limited inputs. Their efficient root systems contribute to drought tolerance and efficient water use. Millets utilize complex biochemical and molecular mechanisms with antioxidant defense systems and regulating gene expression to enhance resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Transcription factors like WRKY, bZIP, and MYB regulate signaling networks, enhancing abiotic stress tolerance. Millets have a lower carbon footprint, with pearl millet and sorghum emitting 3218 kg CO2 eq/ha and 3358 kg CO2 eq/ha, respectively, versus 3700–9900 kg CO2 eq/ha for major cereals. Additionally, millets exhibit superior carbon sequestration, storing 499.6–4024.7 C mg/ha/year. Nutritionally, millets are powerhouses, rich in essential minerals and packed with dietary fiber and protein. Pearl millet contains 3–4 mg/100 g zinc and 4–8 mg/100 g iron, while finger millet contains 344 mg/100 g calcium. Biofortification efforts have shown promise in enhancing millet nutritional profiles through germplasm characterization, genomic approaches, conventional breeding, genetic engineering, and agronomic interventions. In culinary applications, millets are incorporated into a variety of value-added products. Future millet research should focus on leveraging genomic and breeding advancements like CRISPR-Cas tools to develop high-yielding, stress-tolerant varieties with improved traits. Biofortification efforts should aim to enhance nutritional profiles, reduce antinutritional factors, and explore the potential of underutilized millet species. Developing efficient processing technologies, particularly for small-scale operations, will be crucial for wider adoption and utilization of millets in various food applications. The integration of millets into sustainable food systems and climate-smart agriculture is crucial for enhancing food security and environmental sustainability.
黍类因其对健康的益处、在挑战性环境中的适应能力以及在烹饪中的多样性而得到认可,这使它们成为全球农业和食品的重要组成部分。本综述探讨了它们的物候学、应激反应、碳足迹、生物强化和多种烹饪应用。黍能很好地适应不利的气候条件,在投入有限的贫瘠土地上生长茂盛。它们高效的根系有助于耐旱和高效用水。黍类利用复杂的生化和分子机制,通过抗氧化防御系统和调节基因表达来增强对生物和非生物胁迫的适应能力。WRKY、bZIP和MYB等转录因子可调节信号网络,增强对非生物胁迫的耐受力。黍类作物的碳足迹较低,珍珠米和高粱的二氧化碳排放量分别为 3218 千克二氧化碳当量/公顷和 3358 千克二氧化碳当量/公顷,而主要谷物的二氧化碳排放量为 3700-9900 千克二氧化碳当量/公顷。此外,黍的固碳能力也很强,每年可储存 499.6-4024.7 毫克碳/公顷。在营养方面,黍子是富含必需矿物质、膳食纤维和蛋白质的强力食物。珍珠米含锌 3-4 毫克/100 克,含铁 4-8 毫克/100 克,而小米含钙 344 毫克/100 克。通过种质特性鉴定、基因组学方法、常规育种、基因工程和农艺学干预,生物强化工作在提高小米营养成分方面已初见成效。在烹饪应用中,小米被纳入各种增值产品。未来的小米研究应侧重于利用基因组学和育种方面的先进技术,如CRISPR-Cas工具,开发高产、抗逆、性状优良的品种。生物强化工作的目标应是提高营养成分,减少抗营养因素,并探索未充分利用的小米品种的潜力。开发高效的加工技术,特别是小规模加工技术,对于在各种食品应用中更广泛地采用和利用黍至关重要。将黍类纳入可持续粮食系统和气候智能型农业,对于加强粮食安全和环境可持续性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
A modified method for the simultaneous determination of fluindapyr and its metabolites residues in vegetables and fruits by SPE and UHPLCMS/MS 采用 SPE 和 UHPLCMS/MS 同时测定蔬菜和水果中氟啶虫酰胺及其代谢物残留的改进方法
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106972
Wei Han , Hongxia Tang , Li Zhao , Yubo Li , Dianying Men , Maofeng Dong , Lijun Han , Weimin Wang
A sensitive and reliable method for the determination of fluindapyr residue and its five metabolites is necessary in its registration, application and dissipation researches. Two typical national standard multi-residue analytical methods that involved fluindapyr was validated in this study, and the results found that both the methods gave low recoveries for one or more analytes and were not satisfied for detecting the residues of fluindapyr and its metabolites simultaneously. With comprehensive optimization, a simple and efficient method was established using mixed solution extraction with acetonitrile and water and cleaning-up by a modified SPE procedure with mixed-mode cation exchange cartridges, followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (UHPLCMS/MS) detection for the simultaneous determination of fluindapyr and its five metabolites in vegetables and fruits. Method validation in nine vegetables and fruits was performed by analyzing the linearity (0.001–0.5 mg/L, and R2 ≥ 0.99), matrix effects (−95 %–80 %), fortified recoveries (71 %–118 %), relative standard deviations (0.2 %–16 %), limits of detection (0.0001–0.0002 mg/L), limits of quantification (0.0003–0.0006 mg/L) and the method limits of quantification (0.001 mg/kg). The proposed method was highly sensitive and reliable, and provides beneficial supplement to the two national standards in China in the simultaneously analysis of fluindapyr and its five metabolites in vegetables and fruits, and this study also provides reference for the method establishment for highly water-soluble analytes.
在氟草胺的登记、应用和消散研究中,需要一种灵敏可靠的方法来测定氟草胺及其五种代谢物的残留量。本研究对两种典型的涉及氟啶虫酰胺的国家标准多残留分析方法进行了验证,结果发现这两种方法对一种或多种被分析物的回收率均较低,不能满足同时检测氟啶虫酰胺及其代谢物残留的要求。经过综合优化,建立了一种简便、高效的方法,采用乙腈-水混合溶液萃取,混合模式阳离子交换柱SPE净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLCMS/MS)检测,可同时测定蔬菜和水果中氟啶虫酰胺及其5种代谢物的残留量。通过分析线性关系(0.001-0.5 mg/L,R2≥0.99)、基质效应(-95 %-80 %)、加标回收率(71 %-118 %)、相对标准偏差(0.2 %-16 %)、检出限(0.0001-0.0002 mg/L)、定量限(0.0003-0.0006 mg/L)和方法定量限(0.001 mg/kg),对 9 种蔬菜和水果中的方法进行了验证。该方法灵敏度高、可靠性好,为同时分析蔬菜和水果中氟啶虫酰胺及其5种代谢物提供了两个国家标准的有益补充,同时也为高水溶性分析物的方法建立提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Development of dummy template molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbent to extract organophosphorus pesticides from vegetables 开发用于提取蔬菜中有机磷农药的假模板分子印迹聚合物吸附剂
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106966
Yahaya Aliyu Danmaraya , Musab Ahmad Hamad Alghodran , Noorfatimah Yahaya , Shangeetha Ganesan , Mazidatulakmam Miskam
In this study, a highly selective adsorbent based on a dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) was synthesized using diethylphosphonoacetic acid (DPA) as the template for batch adsorption method of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The synthesized polymers were characterized using FTIR, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, SEM, XRD and TGA. Under optimum conditions, the results showed that the sorption of DMIP was best-fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacities ranging from 24.36 to 55.31 mg g−1 for the selected OPPs. The thermodynamic studies established that the reactions were both spontaneous and exothermic at 298 K. The reusability study indicated that there is no substantial loss of removal efficiency while using the DMIP for up to five cycles. In addition, the developed method showed good linearity (1 – 10 mg L−1) for the OPPs, with a coefficient of determination (R2) values above 0.9969. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values were respectively found to be 0.2732 – 0.3177 µg mL−1 and 0.9097 – 1.0579 µg mL−1, with a relative standard deviation (RSD%) of less than 4.77 % for intra-day and inter-day analysis. Based on the results obtained, the synthesized DMIP showed an excellent potential as selective adsorbent for pesticides present in food samples.
本研究以二乙基膦酰乙酸(DPA)为模板,合成了一种基于假模板分子印迹聚合物(DMIP)的高选择性吸附剂,用于批量吸附有机磷农药(OPPs)。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱、氮吸附-解吸分析、扫描电镜、X 射线衍射和热重分析对合成聚合物进行了表征。结果表明,在最佳条件下,DMIP 的吸附最符合伪二阶动力学模型和 Freundlich 等温线,对所选 OPPs 的最大吸附容量为 24.36 至 55.31 mg g-1。热力学研究表明,在 298 K 的温度下,反应是自发和放热的。可重复使用性研究表明,在使用 DMIP 长达五个周期后,其去除效率并没有大幅下降。此外,所开发的方法对 OPPs 具有良好的线性关系(1 - 10 mg L-1),测定系数(R2)高于 0.9969。日内和日间分析的检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)分别为 0.2732 - 0.3177 µg mL-1 和 0.9097 - 1.0579 µg mL-1,相对标准偏差(RSD%)小于 4.77%。根据所获得的结果,合成的 DMIP 显示出作为食品样品中农药选择性吸附剂的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Personalized Food Score (PFS): A flexible nutrient profiling framework based on national nutrient guidelines and estimated energy requirements 个性化食物评分(PFS):基于国家营养素指南和估计能量需求的灵活营养素分析框架
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106907
Hee Jeong Hwang , Seo Hyun Shin , Seo-Young Kim , Jung Han Yoon Park , EunJou Min , Hee Yang , Ki Won Lee
Nutrient profiling systems (NPSs) are increasingly recognized as crucial tools for promoting healthier food choices. However, existing NPSs typically assess foods based on a standardized 2000 kcal diet, ignoring individual variations in estimated energy requirements (EER). In this study, we developed the Personalized Food Score (PFS), a dynamic and flexible framework that evaluates foods based on individual EER and country-specific nutrient standards. The PFS was designed through five main steps, allowing it to adapt to various cases. To validate the PFS, we assessed over 30,000 packaged foods in Korea and 3117 foods in the US, confirming its reliability. Significant differences in food scores were observed across different EER levels. Convergent validation using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant variations in PFS scores within and across food groups, demonstrating the system's capability to differentiate foods based on individual EER. Compared to the established Nutrient Rich Food index 9.3 (NRF 9.3), the PFS underscores the benefits of incorporating EER, highlighting the need for personalized NPSs. In conclusion, the PFS is an innovative tool for personalized nutrition profiling, aiding individuals in making healthier food choices based on their unique attributes and EER.
营养素分析系统(NPSs)越来越被认为是促进选择更健康食物的重要工具。然而,现有的营养成分分析系统通常根据 2000 千卡的标准化饮食来评估食物,而忽略了个体在估计能量需求(EER)方面的差异。在这项研究中,我们开发了个性化食物评分(PFS),这是一个动态、灵活的框架,可根据个人的能量需求估算值和特定国家的营养素标准来评估食物。PFS 的设计分为五个主要步骤,使其能够适应各种情况。为了验证 PFS,我们对韩国的 3 万多种包装食品和美国的 3117 种食品进行了评估,证实了其可靠性。不同 EER 水平的食品得分存在显著差异。使用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验法进行的聚合验证显示,PFS 分数在食品组内和食品组间存在显著差异,这证明该系统能够根据单个 EER 对食品进行区分。与已有的富含营养素食物指数 9.3(NRF 9.3)相比,PFS 强调了纳入 EER 的好处,突出了对个性化 NPS 的需求。总之,PFS 是个性化营养分析的创新工具,可帮助个人根据其独特属性和 EER 选择更健康的食物。
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引用次数: 0
Electrical conductivity as a precise method for salt content estimation in raw and cooked tuna meat 电导率是估算生金枪鱼肉和熟金枪鱼肉含盐量的精确方法
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106953
Petcharat Wiroonsri, Saowakon Wattanachant
This study evaluates electrical conductivity (EC) for estimating salt content in raw and cooked Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) across various sizes and preparation methods. Tuna sizes ranged from 0.10 to 9.00 kg, and the analysis included moisture, fat, protein, ash, EC, and salt content. In raw tuna, EC exhibited a high correlation with salt content (R² = 0.84), with the prediction equation Y = 0.112X - 0.525. For cooked tuna, which had reduced moisture, fat, and salt compared to raw tuna, EC showed a strong relationship with salt content (R² = 0.89) and the prediction equation Y = 0.169X - 0.623. Canned tuna in brine demonstrated high EC effectiveness for predicting salt content (R² = 0.93 and 0.95 for with and without media, respectively). However, for tuna in oil, EC correlations were weak (R² = 0.06 and 0.01), indicating that oil interferes with ion movement. After validating the estimated salt content using EC against the actual salt content obtained by auto-titration, the results confirm that EC is a reliable and cost-effective tool for estimating salt content in raw, cooked, and brine tuna, although its applicability is limited for oil-based canned products.
本研究对电导率(EC)进行了评估,以估算生熟鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)中不同大小和制作方法的盐含量。金枪鱼的大小从 0.10 千克到 9.00 千克不等,分析内容包括水分、脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、导电率和盐含量。在生金枪鱼中,氨基甲酸乙酯与盐含量呈高度相关(R² = 0.84),预测方程为 Y = 0.112X - 0.525。与生金枪鱼相比,熟金枪鱼的水分、脂肪和盐分都有所减少,因此导电率与盐分含量关系密切(R² = 0.89),预测方程为 Y = 0.169X - 0.623。盐水金枪鱼罐头在预测盐含量方面显示出较高的导电率有效性(含介质和不含介质的导电率分别为 0.93 和 0.95)。然而,对于油浸金枪鱼,导电率相关性较弱(R² = 0.06 和 0.01),表明油会干扰离子移动。将使用导电率估算的盐含量与自动滴定法获得的实际盐含量进行验证后,结果证实导电率是估算生金枪鱼、熟金枪鱼和盐渍金枪鱼中盐含量的可靠且经济有效的工具,但其对油基罐头产品的适用性有限。
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引用次数: 0
A ratiometric fluorescence platform based on bifunctional MOFs for sensitive detection of organophosphorus pesticides 基于双功能 MOFs 的比率荧光平台,用于灵敏检测有机磷农药
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106971
Siying Wu , Xuehua Zhang , Wenyan Tang , Yue Zhang , Xin Lv , Yu-Ting Zhuang
Rapid and precise detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is of great importance for life health. Herein, a new sensing platform is developed through a dual signal amplification approach for sensitive quantification of OPs, with a bimetallic metal organic framework (UiO-66(Zr/Fe)-NH2) as peroxide-like nanozyme and fluorescent indicator. In the presence of thiocholine (TCh), the hydrolyzate of acetylthiocholine iodide catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase, the catalytic oxidization of o-phenylenediamine by UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH2 to strong fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine (λem 555 nm) is significantly inhibited. OPs-triggered acetylcholinesterase inactivation enables the renaturation of UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH2. Interestingly, the introduction of 1,4-dioxane further boosts the amplification of fluorescence signals. By virtue of the recovered fluorescence at 555 nm and MOF fluorescence (λem 446 nm), the dual signal amplification-based ratiometric fluorescent platform is successfully employed for the selective recognition and sensitive detection of OPs. This work is expected to provide a facile and sensitive method for accurate OPs assay, and make a positive contribution to food safety.
快速、精确地检测有机磷农药(OPs)对生命健康至关重要。本文以双金属金属有机框架(UiO-66(Zr/Fe)-NH2)作为过氧化物类纳米酶和荧光指示剂,通过双重信号放大方法开发了一种新的传感平台,用于灵敏地定量检测 OPs。在有硫代胆碱(TCh)(乙酰胆碱酯酶催化的乙酰硫代碘化胆碱的水解产物)存在的情况下,UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH2 催化邻苯二胺氧化成强荧光 2,3-二氨基吩嗪(λem 555 nm)的过程会受到明显抑制。OPs 触发的乙酰胆碱酯酶失活使 UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH2 重新饱和。有趣的是,1,4-二氧六环的引入进一步促进了荧光信号的放大。通过在 555 纳米波长和 MOF 荧光(λem 446 纳米波长)上的荧光恢复,基于双信号放大的比率荧光平台被成功地用于 OPs 的选择性识别和灵敏检测。这项工作有望为准确检测 OPs 提供一种简便灵敏的方法,为食品安全做出积极贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Simultaneous and non-destructive prediction of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus with near-infrared spectroscopy and ensemble learning strategy 利用近红外光谱和集合学习策略同时非破坏性地预测柑橘的多种内部质量特性
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106961
Huizhen Tan , Yiqing Dong , Liwen Jiang , Wei Fan , Guorong Du , Pao Li
This study aimed to establish a simultaneous and non-destructive method for the prediction of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus with near-infrared spectroscopy combined with ensemble learning strategy. 490 spectra were obtained over the whole picking period without destroying the citrus samples. The ensemble learning strategy was used to establish the quantitative models to simultaneously predict multiple internal quality characteristics, including soluble solids content (SSC), pH, and total acidity (TA), compared with partial least squares (PLS) method. Both validation set and independent test set obtained one month later were used to validate the models. The optimal collection points for the three characteristics were obtained. The ensemble learning strategy was better than PLS method, which can be used to improve the predictive accuracy. The best prediction models for SSC, pH, and TA were second-order derivatives (2nd)-consensus partial least squares (CPLS), 2nd-boosting-PLS (BPLS), and continuous wavelet transform-BPLS. The root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEPs) for validation set were 1.0117, 0.1924, and 0.2408, respectively, while the RMSEPs for independent test set were 1.1067, 0.2647, and 0.2563, respectively. Besides, the long-wave NIR light was more suitable for the quantitative analysis of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus than short-wave NIR light.
本研究旨在利用近红外光谱结合集合学习策略,建立一种同步、非破坏性的方法,用于预测柑橘的多种内部质量特征。在不破坏柑橘样品的情况下,在整个采摘期获得了 490 个光谱。与偏最小二乘法(PLS)相比,利用集合学习策略建立了定量模型,可同时预测多种内部质量特性,包括可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、pH 值和总酸度(TA)。验证模型时使用了验证集和一个月后获得的独立测试集。得出了三种特征的最佳采集点。集合学习策略优于偏最小二乘法,可用于提高预测精度。SSC、pH 和 TA 的最佳预测模型是二阶导数(2nd)-共识偏最小二乘法(CPLS)、二阶提升-PLS(BPLS)和连续小波变换-BPLS。验证集的预测均方根误差分别为 1.0117、0.1924 和 0.2408,独立测试集的预测均方根误差分别为 1.1067、0.2647 和 0.2563。此外,长波近红外光比短波近红外光更适合柑橘多种内部品质特征的定量分析。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the impact of thermal processing on physicochemical properties of monofloral and multifloral honey 评估热加工对单花和多花蜂蜜理化特性的影响
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106940
Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani , Mohammad Sasani , Shahriyar Sahraeian , Mohammadreza Khalesi
This study aimed to investigate the effect of thermal processing on the physicochemical properties of 20 honey samples. It was found that sucrose was the most susceptible sugar to degradation during thermal processing, while glucose and fructose contents remained relatively constant. While the moisture content of honey samples varied significantly, it remained below the maximum allowed level for all samples. Thermal treatment did not significantly affect the pH and acidity of honey samples. The study suggests that thermal processing in the range of 40–60 °C does not significantly affect the chemical composition of honey, however, it leads to a reduction in electrical conductivity. The proline content of all kinds of honey samples were depleted upon the thermal processing. The study also found that thermal treatment increased the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content of honey samples, with the intensity of the change varying among samples with different plant origins. Ion mobility spectrometry was also found to be a promising method for the detection and quantification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in honey.
本研究旨在探讨热加工对 20 种蜂蜜样品理化性质的影响。研究发现,在热加工过程中,蔗糖是最容易降解的糖类,而葡萄糖和果糖的含量则保持相对稳定。虽然蜂蜜样品的水分含量变化很大,但所有样品的水分含量都低于允许的最高水平。热处理对蜂蜜样品的 pH 值和酸度没有明显影响。研究表明,40-60 ℃ 的热处理不会对蜂蜜的化学成分产生明显影响,但会导致导电率降低。各种蜂蜜样品的脯氨酸含量在热处理后都有所降低。研究还发现,热处理会增加蜂蜜样品中 5-羟甲基糠醛的含量,不同植物产地的样品变化程度不同。研究还发现离子迁移谱法是检测和定量蜂蜜中 5-羟甲基糠醛含量的一种有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of physicochemical attributes and variation in mass-volume of Himalayan pears: Computer vision-based modeling 评估喜马拉雅梨的理化属性和质量体积变化:基于计算机视觉的建模
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106955
Akuleti Saikumar , Anjali Sahal , Shekh Mukhtar Mansuri , Afzal Hussain , Pir Mohammad Junaid , C. Nickhil , Laxmikant S. Badwaik , Sanjay Kumar
The current study attempts to examine the physicochemical properties of Himalayan pears and envision the relationship between mass and volume with various physical properties. These properties are measured using image processing techniques at different storage days (1st day, 4th day, 7th day, 10th day, and 13th day). The study employs both single and multivariable regression models, including linear, quadratic, rational, and exponential models to establish predictive relationships. Among the single variable models, the length-based linear and rational models demonstrated exceptional suitability for envisioning the mass and volume of pears, achieving higher R2 values of 0.92 and 0.90, respectively. For mass and volume prediction considering combined physical properties, the rational and exponential models exhibited the best fit with higher R2 values of 0.94 and 0.91, accompanied by low RMSE values of 0.217 and 0.141. Consequently, the established relationship between the mass and volume of Himalayan pears with its physical attributes contributes to the development of a faster, more authentic, and accurate grading system.
本研究试图检测喜马拉雅梨的理化特性,并设想质量和体积与各种物理特性之间的关系。这些特性是在不同贮藏天数(第 1 天、第 4 天、第 7 天、第 10 天和第 13 天)使用图像处理技术测量的。研究采用了单变量和多变量回归模型,包括线性模型、二次模型、有理模型和指数模型来建立预测关系。在单变量模型中,基于长度的线性模型和有理模型特别适合预测梨的质量和体积,R2 值分别达到 0.92 和 0.90。对于综合物理性质的质量和体积预测,合理模型和指数模型的拟合效果最佳,R2 值分别为 0.94 和 0.91,RMSE 值分别为 0.217 和 0.141。因此,喜马拉雅梨的质量和体积与其物理属性之间的既定关系有助于开发更快、更真实、更准确的分级系统。
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引用次数: 0
A triple lateral flow strip assay based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of chicken, pork and duck in adulterated meat 基于多重聚合酶链反应的三重侧流条带检测法,用于同时检测掺假肉中的鸡肉、猪肉和鸭肉
IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106968
Rilong Liu, Hangzhen Lan, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan, Hanqing Yang
The increasing problem of meat adulteration significantly threatens consumer health and economic order. Therefore, developing an efficient and low-cost method for multi-species detection is essential to overcome the disadvantages of single-targeted, low-efficiency, and high-cost methods. This study presents a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR)-triple lateral flow strip (TLFS) integrated method, which enables the simultaneous, quantitative detection of chicken, duck, and pork ingredients in adulterated meat samples. Unlike traditional methods that target single species or require complex instrumentation, this method uniquely combines MPCR with TLFS to detect multiple species in one run, significantly reducing detection time and cost. This method uses MPCR to amplify genes specific to the three target types of meat and differentiate them by fluorophores (6-Fam, Cy5, and Digoxin). The TLFS consists of three separate lanes, each specific to one target meat amplicon (chicken, duck, or pork), allowing for the simultaneous detection of all three species from a single input sample. This setup enables the quantification of each species within a mixed meat sample by measuring the signal intensity from each lane, thus providing species-specific quantification in one run. MPCR amplicons are compatible with TLFS via antigen-antibody binding. By optimizing the reaction conditions, the method demonstrated good specificity, sensitivity, and stability. There were no cross-detections for three target meats (chicken, duck, and pork) and no false positives for seven others (horse, beef, lamb, camel, turkey, goose, and rabbit). The detection limit for chicken, duck, and pork species was low to 0.1 %, 0.5 %, and 0.05 % (wt%), respectively, which are all lower than the 1 % detection limit specified by the Chinese National Standard (GB/T 38164–2019). In the TLFS detection, meat samples can be qualified at 1 min and quantified after 7 min. The results of commercial samples showed that the method was consistent with the results of the national standard method, proving its reliability and practicality.
日益严重的肉类掺假问题严重威胁着消费者的健康和经济秩序。因此,开发一种高效、低成本的多物种检测方法对于克服单一靶标、低效、高成本等缺点至关重要。本研究提出了一种新型的多重聚合酶链反应(MPCR)-三重侧向流带(TLFS)集成方法,可同时定量检测掺假肉样品中的鸡、鸭和猪肉成分。与针对单一物种或需要复杂仪器的传统方法不同,该方法独特地将 MPCR 与 TLFS 结合在一起,一次运行即可检测多个物种,大大减少了检测时间和成本。该方法使用 MPCR 扩增三种目标肉类的特异性基因,并通过荧光团(6-Fam、Cy5 和地高辛)将其区分开来。TLFS 由三个独立的泳道组成,每个泳道特异于一个目标肉类扩增子(鸡肉、鸭肉或猪肉),可同时检测来自单一输入样本的所有三种肉类。这种设置可通过测量每个泳道的信号强度对混合肉类样品中的每个物种进行定量,从而在一次运行中提供物种特异性定量。MPCR 扩增子通过抗原抗体结合与 TLFS 兼容。通过优化反应条件,该方法显示出良好的特异性、灵敏度和稳定性。三个目标肉类(鸡肉、鸭肉和猪肉)没有交叉检测,其他七个目标肉类(马肉、牛肉、羊肉、骆驼肉、火鸡肉、鹅肉和兔肉)没有假阳性。鸡肉、鸭肉和猪肉的检出限分别低至 0.1 %、0.5 % 和 0.05 %(重量百分比),均低于中国国家标准(GB/T 38164-2019)规定的 1 % 检出限。在 TLFS 检测中,肉类样品可在 1 分钟内定性,7 分钟后定量。商业样品的检测结果表明,该方法与国家标准方法的检测结果一致,证明了该方法的可靠性和实用性。
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Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
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