Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献_第3页

Flux profile of selenium intake and dietary health assessment of tilapia products in China e-commerce platform 中国电子商务平台罗非鱼产品硒摄入通量概况及膳食健康评估

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106916

Zhenyi Jing , Ziqiang Guan , Longxiang Fang , Qianyue Yin , Changbo Wang , Limin Fan , Shunlong Meng , Chao Song

Tilapia is known as an important way to obtain selenium and has high nutritional values for humans. However, there is currently no specific analysis of the flux profile of selenium intake and dietary health evaluation in tilapia. In addition, it is important for consumers to obtain relevant assessments of the selenium content in different species of tilapia. This will enable different age groups to plan their dietary intake in an organized manner accordingly. We counted the total import and export volume of tilapia in China. Furthermore, we modeled the distribution of selenium content based on the production mode on this basis. The study also delved into the distribution pattern of selenium content within China (n=147). Guangdong, as the production place of tilapia, is the largest e-commerce channel for consumers. The median selenium measured in frozen tilapia, pickled tilapia and canned tilapia was 0.233 mg/kg, 0.239 mg/kg and 1.073 mg/kg respectively. It is evident that adults globally should regulate their consumption of canned tilapia to avoid selenium toxicity. Furthermore, relying solely on tilapia consumption is insufficient to meet the selenium needs of infants. The findings underscore the nutritional value of tilapia in diets. Additionally, these insights can facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the health implications associated with dietary choices, enabling the formulation of targeted advice for various age groups worldwide.

众所周知，罗非鱼是获取硒的重要途径，对人类具有很高的营养价值。然而，目前还没有关于罗非鱼硒摄入通量概况和膳食健康评估的具体分析。此外，对消费者来说，获得不同种类罗非鱼中硒含量的相关评估也很重要。这将使不同年龄段的人群有条不紊地规划其膳食摄入量。我们统计了中国罗非鱼的进出口总量。此外，我们还在此基础上建立了基于生产模式的硒含量分布模型。研究还深入探讨了硒含量在中国国内的分布模式（n=147）。广东作为罗非鱼的产地，是消费者最大的电子商务渠道。冷冻罗非鱼、腌制罗非鱼和罗非鱼罐头的硒含量中位数分别为 0.233 毫克/千克、0.239 毫克/千克和 1.073 毫克/千克。由此可见，全球成年人应控制罐头罗非鱼的食用量，以避免硒中毒。此外，仅靠食用罗非鱼不足以满足婴儿对硒的需求。这些发现强调了罗非鱼在膳食中的营养价值。此外，这些见解有助于全面评估膳食选择对健康的影响，从而为全球各年龄段人群制定有针对性的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancement of colour density and anthocyanin stability in pomegranate juice against 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at different concentrations by amino acid copigmentation during storage 在贮藏过程中通过氨基酸共聚，提高石榴汁中不同浓度 5-羟甲基糠醛的颜色密度和花青素稳定性

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106933

Meltem Türkyılmaz , Fatmagül Hamzaoğlu , Rümeysa Betül Arı Çiftci , Mehmet Özkan

This study investigated the effect of amino acid [aspartic acid (Asp), phenylalanine (Phe) and valine (Val)] copigmentation on pomegranate juice (PJ) anthocyanins in the presence of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) at different concentrations (2.3–15.2 mg/L) during storage at 20°C. A decrease in stabilities of anthocyanin and colour density (CD) was observed at 5.2–8.2 mg HMF/L. However, 15.2 mg HMF/L prevented the decrease in anthocyanin stability. In this sample, copigmentation occurred when ratios of "cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside to HMF" and "cyanidin-3-glucoside to HMF" were 1.82–2.67 and 1.91–2.85, respectively. The highest reduction in HMF content resulted from addition of Val. As number of –CH₃ groups in an amino acid increased, HMF reducing effect of amino acid increased. In PJ containing 8.2 mg HMF/L, Val provided the highest stabilities for individual anthocyanins, CD and hyperchromic effect (HE). Asp increased the stability of CD and HE in PJ containing 5.2 mg HMF/L, while Phe increased the stability of CD at a concentration of 15.2 mg HMF/L. Depending on the amount of HMF, the effect of adding amino acids to PJ to improve colour stability and reduce HMF content varies. Therefore, after determining the initial HMF content of PJ, the amino acid to be added to PJ should be decided.

本研究调查了石榴汁（PJ）在 20°C 贮藏期间，在不同浓度（2.3-15.2 mg/L）的 5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）存在下，氨基酸[天冬氨酸（Asp）、苯丙氨酸（Phe）和缬氨酸（Val）]共着色对石榴汁花青素的影响。在 5.2-8.2 毫克 HMF/L 浓度下，花青素的稳定性和颜色密度（CD）都有所下降。然而，15.2 毫克 HMF/L 可以防止花青素稳定性的下降。在该样品中，当 "花青素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷与 HMF "和 "花青素-3-葡萄糖苷与 HMF "的比率分别为 1.82-2.67 和 1.91-2.85 时，会发生共着色。加入 Val 后，HMF 含量的降低幅度最大。随着氨基酸中 -CH3 基团数量的增加，氨基酸的 HMF 减少效果也随之增加。在含有 8.2 毫克 HMF/L 的 PJ 中，Val 对单个花青素、CD 和高色素效应（HE）的稳定性最高。在浓度为 5.2 毫克 HMF/L 的 PJ 中，Asp 可提高 CD 和 HE 的稳定性，而 Phe 在浓度为 15.2 毫克 HMF/L 时可提高 CD 的稳定性。根据 HMF 含量的不同，在 PJ 中添加氨基酸以提高颜色稳定性和降低 HMF 含量的效果也不同。因此，在确定 PJ 的初始 HMF 含量后，应决定向 PJ 中添加何种氨基酸。

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引用次数: 0

Freeze-drying donor human milk allows compositional stability for 12 months at ambient temperatures 冷冻干燥供体母乳可在环境温度下保持 12 个月的成分稳定性

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106936

Simran Kaur Cheema , Mike Grimwade-Mann , Gillian Weaver , Ben Collins , Natalie Shenker , Simon Cameron

Breastfeeding, which is recognised as the optimum nutrition for infants, offers numerous benefits. However, circumstances can arise when infants are unable to be breastfed from birth. In such cases, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends donor human milk (DHM) as the safest alternative. Current practices freeze DHM and transport it under a cold supply chain, which can create logistical challenges. Here, we investigated the efficacy of freeze-drying as a method for determining the compositional stability of DHM. The samples were freeze-dried and stored at −20°C, 4°C and ambient temperature, with sampling at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The macronutrient composition was assessed before and after freeze-drying, protein and lipid profiles were studied using MALDI-TOF MS, and the metabolite profile was analysed through LA-REIMS. The findings revealed that freeze-drying did not significantly alter the macronutrient composition and that microbiological safety was preserved. Lipid, protein, and metabolite fingerprints remained consistent across storage conditions over 12 months. This work provides a broad insight into the compositional stability of DHM after freeze-drying. It suggests the applicability of freeze-drying for long-term preservation without a cold supply chain. The use of freeze-dried DHM may broaden its use in emergency situations and resource-limited settings.

母乳喂养是公认的婴儿最佳营养方式，好处多多。然而，在某些情况下，婴儿可能无法从出生起就接受母乳喂养。在这种情况下，世界卫生组织（WHO）建议将捐赠人奶（DHM）作为最安全的替代品。目前的做法是将供体人乳冷冻起来，然后通过冷供应链运输，这可能会给物流带来挑战。在此，我们研究了冻干作为确定 DHM 成分稳定性的一种方法的有效性。样品经冷冻干燥后分别储存在-20°C、4°C和环境温度下，分别在1、3、6、9和12个月时取样。对冻干前后的常量营养成分进行了评估，使用 MALDI-TOF MS 对蛋白质和脂质概况进行了研究，并通过 LA-REIMS 对代谢物概况进行了分析。研究结果表明，冷冻干燥并没有明显改变主要营养成分，微生物安全性也得到了保证。在不同的储存条件下，脂质、蛋白质和代谢物指纹在 12 个月内保持一致。这项研究为了解冻干后 DHM 的成分稳定性提供了广泛的视角。它表明冷冻干燥可用于无冷供应链的长期保存。冻干 DHM 的使用可能会扩大其在紧急情况和资源有限环境中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Pesticide residue levels in strawberries and human health risk assessment 草莓中的农药残留量和人类健康风险评估

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106943

Mehmet Keklik , Eylem Odabas , Ozgur Golge , Bulent Kabak

Pesticides have been a primary tool in pest management worldwide. However, pesticide contamination is a major food safety risk in the fresh food supply chain. This study aims to monitor 240 pesticide residues in 245 strawberry samples and assess the health risk for Turkish adult and child consumer groups. Over three consecutive harvest years (2021–2023), strawberries were collected from farmers in the Aydın region of Turkey and analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Out of the 245 strawberry samples analysed, 61.6 % contained 32 different pesticides (17 fungicides and 15 insecticides), five of which were non-approved. Additionally, 6.5 % of the strawberry samples exceeded the European Union Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). Multiple residues were recorded in 42.9 % of strawberry samples. Pyrimethanil was the most commonly identified pesticide (30.2 %), followed by boscalid (27.4 %), fluopyram (17.1 %), and bifenazate (15.1 %). In the worst-case scenario, cumulative exposure to pesticides through strawberry consumption was determined to be 6.5 × 10⁻⁵ mg kg⁻¹ b.w. day⁻¹ for adults and 2.0 × 10⁻⁴ mg kg⁻¹ b.w. day⁻¹ for children. The hazard index (HI) values, under the worst-case scenario, were calculated to be 0.32 % for adults and 0.97 % for children. These results indicate that there is no cause for concern regarding cumulative exposure to residues through strawberry consumption for the Turkish population.

农药一直是全球虫害管理的主要工具。然而，农药污染是新鲜食品供应链中的一个主要食品安全风险。本研究旨在监测 245 个草莓样本中的 240 种农药残留，并评估土耳其成人和儿童消费群体的健康风险。在连续三个收获年度（2021-2023 年），研究人员从土耳其艾登地区的农户处采集草莓样品，并采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）进行分析。在分析的 245 份草莓样品中，61.6% 含有 32 种不同的农药（17 种杀菌剂和 15 种杀虫剂），其中 5 种未经批准。此外，6.5%的草莓样品超过了欧盟最高残留限量（MRL）。42.9%的草莓样品中出现了多重残留。嘧菌酯是最常见的农药（30.2%），其次是啶虫脒（27.4%）、氟虫氨（17.1%）和联苯胺（15.1%）。在最坏的情况下，成人和儿童通过食用草莓累积接触农药的比例分别为 6.5 × 10-⁵ mg kg-¹ b.w. day-¹ 和 2.0 × 10-⁴ mg kg-¹ b.w. day-¹ 。根据最坏情况下的危害指数（HI）值计算，成人为 0.32%，儿童为 0.97%。这些结果表明，没有理由担心土耳其人因食用草莓而累积接触残留物。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of various culinary treatments on the glycoalkaloid content of potato peel 各种烹饪处理对马铃薯皮中糖醛酸含量的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106937

Isabel Martínez-García , Damián Pérez-Quintanilla , Sonia Morante-Zarcero , Isabel Sierra

Potatoes are one of the most consumed foods worldwide. During germination, glycoalkaloids (GAs) with potential bioactive properties are produced, which, at high concentrations, may have adverse health effects. Potato peels, a byproduct generated in large quantities but increasingly used in contemporary cuisine, contain significant levels of these GAs. This paper examines GA levels in potato peels after various culinary treatments (boiling, steaming, baking, air frying, conventional deep frying, and double frying) to provide new data and ensure food safety. An optimized extraction method using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed, followed by purification with mesostructured SBA-15 silica functionalized with octadecylsilane (C18) chains as sorbent in solid-phase extraction, prior to HPLC-DAD determination of α-solanine and α-chaconine levels in the samples. The method was validated, obtaining excellent recovery values (88 – 96 %) and low detection and quantification limits (0.3 and 1 mg/L, respectively). Upon application of the validated analytical method to the samples culinarily treated using the most common cooking techniques (boiling, steaming, baking, air frying, conventional deep frying, and double frying) at various times and temperatures, the obtained results demonstrated significant reductions (between 52 % and 84 %) in GAs content in the treated potato peels, compared to fresh samples. Statically significant degradation of these compounds was observed through baking at elevated times and temperatures (74 – 84 %), as well as both conventional deep frying and double frying (76 – 83 %).

马铃薯是全世界消费量最大的食品之一。马铃薯在发芽过程中会产生具有潜在生物活性的糖类生物碱（GAs），如果浓度过高，可能会对健康产生不利影响。马铃薯皮是大量产生的副产品，但越来越多地用于现代烹饪，其中含有大量此类 GA。本文研究了经过各种烹饪处理（煮、蒸、烤、空气油炸、传统油炸和双重油炸）后马铃薯皮中的 GA 含量，以提供新的数据并确保食品安全。采用超声辅助萃取（UAE）优化了萃取方法，然后在固相萃取中使用十八烷基硅烷（C18）链功能化的介观结构 SBA-15 硅胶作为吸附剂进行净化，最后用 HPLC-DAD 测定样品中的α-索拉宁和α-乌头碱含量。该方法经过验证，回收率极高（88 - 96 %），检出限和定量限较低（分别为 0.3 mg/L 和 1 mg/L）。对使用最常见的烹饪技术（煮、蒸、烤、空气油炸、传统油炸和双重油炸）在不同时间和温度下进行烹饪处理的样品应用经过验证的分析方法，结果表明与新鲜样品相比，经过处理的马铃薯皮中的 GAs 含量显著降低（52 % 到 84 %）。在高温烘烤（74 - 84 %）以及传统油炸和双层油炸（76 - 83 %）的情况下，这些化合物都出现了明显的降解。

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引用次数: 0

Determination of residual behavior of two fungicides in/on tomato and cucumber and their dietary intake risk assessment under open field conditions 确定两种杀菌剂在番茄和黄瓜上的残留特性，以及在露地条件下对其膳食摄入风险的评估

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106939

Sapna Katna, Tanuja Banshtu, Arvind Kumar , Nisha Devi, Shubhra Singh, Isha Sharma, Sakshi Sharma

A commercial formulation of fluoxapiprolin (30 g/L) and fluopicolide (200 g/L) as a suspension concentrate (SC) is under registration for its use on tomato and cucumber in India. Both of these active ingredients are fungicides used to control a variety of fungal diseases in crops. The field trials were laid out in an open field at the experimental farm of the university following good agricultural practice (GAP) during the summer of 2021. The study aimed to estimate pesticide residues using a modified QuEChERS method in combination with advanced analytical techniques like liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The method showed excellent linearity (R² > 0.99) for fluoxapiprolin, fluopicolide and their metabolites in tomato, cucumber, and soil. The half-life value for fluoxapiprolin ranged between 5.86 and 7.05 days and for fluopicolide the half-life was between 1.62 and 1.98 days for tomato and cucumber, respectively. The recoveries ranged between 80 % and 120 % with a relative standard deviation <20 % for all the analytes. The dietary risk assessment was determined by using the hazard quotient and the HQs values were <1, proving its safety to the consumer.

在印度，氟氧吡咯林（30 克/升）和氟啶酰菌胺（200 克/升）悬浮浓缩液（SC）的商业制剂正在注册中，用于番茄和黄瓜。这两种活性成分都是杀真菌剂，用于控制作物的多种真菌疾病。2021 年夏季，在该大学实验农场的一块空地上，按照良好农业规范（GAP）进行了田间试验。研究旨在采用改良的 QuEChERS 方法，结合液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）和气相色谱-电子捕获检测器（GC-ECD）等先进分析技术，估算农药残留量。该方法对番茄、黄瓜和土壤中的氟唑磷和氟啶酰菌胺及其代谢物具有良好的线性关系（R² > 0.99）。在番茄和黄瓜中，氟沙匹罗林的半衰期介于 5.86 天和 7.05 天之间，氟啶酰菌胺的半衰期介于 1.62 天和 1.98 天之间。所有分析物的回收率在 80% 到 120% 之间，相对标准偏差为 20%。膳食风险评估是通过危险商数来确定的，HQs 值为 1，证明对消费者是安全的。

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引用次数: 0

NIR spectroscopy prediction model for capsaicin content estimation in chilli: A rapid mining tool for trait-specific germplasm screening 用于辣椒辣椒素含量估算的近红外光谱预测模型：用于特异性种质筛选的快速挖掘工具

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106915

Deepika D.D. , Vedprakash Sharma , Manisha Mangal , Arpita Srivastava , Chithra Pandey , Himani Mehta , G.J. Abhishek , Racheal John , Hemlata Bharti , Rakesh Bharadwaj , R.K. Gautam , J.C. Rana , Gyanendra Pratap Singh , Vinod K. Sharma

Chilli is a widely produced crop, highly valued for its capsaicin content, a key economic trait. Traditional wet chemistry methods for estimating capsaicin are time-taking and laborious, while non-destructive methods like NIRS coupled with chemometrics, offer efficient alternatives, simplifying and accelerating biochemical assessments. This study is the first to develop and validate and tested for applicability of NIRS-based prediction model for capsaicin content in Indian chilli germplasm using MPLS regression. Various mathematical treatments were performed, and the most suited model was selected based on high RSQ_external, RPD and lower SEP values in the external validation set, indicating strong prediction accuracy and minimal error. The model achieved high RSQ_external value of 0.808, RPD value of 2.088 and low SEP value of 3.415 for capsaicin content, demonstrating excellent prediction performance. A paired sample t-test p-value of 0.757 (p > 0.05) showed non-significant difference between wet lab and predicted values, confirming the model’s accuracy. The applicability of the model was validated on fresh harvest germplasm the following year, showing a higher reliability score of 0.949, further confirming model’s reliability. This model would aid in high-throughput, accurate screening of chilli germplasm for capsaicin, accelerating chilli crop improvement programs and the development of new high-capsaicin varieties.

辣椒是一种广泛生产的作物，其辣椒素含量是一项重要的经济特征，具有很高的价值。估算辣椒素的传统湿化学方法费时费力，而近红外光谱等非破坏性方法与化学计量学相结合，提供了高效的替代方法，简化并加速了生化评估。本研究首次开发并验证了基于近红外光谱的辣椒素含量预测模型，并使用 MPLS 回归法测试了该模型在印度辣椒种质中的适用性。研究人员进行了多种数学处理，并根据外部验证集中较高的 RSQexternal 值、RPD 值和较低的 SEP 值选出了最合适的模型，这表明该模型具有较高的预测准确性，误差极小。该模型在辣椒素含量方面的 RSQexternal 值高达 0.808，RPD 值达 2.088，SEP 值低达 3.415，显示出卓越的预测性能。配对样本 t 检验的 p 值为 0.757（p > 0.05），表明湿实验室值和预测值之间的差异不显著，从而证实了该模型的准确性。次年，该模型的适用性在新收获的种质上进行了验证，显示出更高的可靠性得分 0.949，进一步证实了模型的可靠性。该模型有助于对辣椒种质进行高通量、准确的辣椒素筛选，加快辣椒作物改良计划和高辣椒素新品种的开发。

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引用次数: 0

An adsorbent of molecularly imprinted polymer incorporating graphene quantum dots to extract and determine bisphenols in soft drinks and milk 含有石墨烯量子点的分子印迹聚合物吸附剂，用于提取和测定软饮料和牛奶中的双酚

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106938

Sirintorn Jullakan , Sarawut Khongkla , Opas Bunkoed

A highly selective magnetic composite adsorbent composed of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was fabricated and applied for the extraction and quantification of three bisphenols in soft drink and milk samples. Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into the MIP enabled the adsorbent to be isolated from the sample solution with a magnet. The extraction efficiency toward target bisphenols was enhanced by the selective recognition sites of the MIP layer and also the abundant adsorption sites in GQDs. In the optimum condition, the composite adsorbent coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) exhibited linearity in the range of 10.0–200.0 µg L⁻¹. The limit of detection was 3.0 µg L⁻¹ while the limit of quantification was 10.0 µg L⁻¹. Applied to determine bisphenols in real samples, the proposed method achieved relative recoveries from 84.3 % to 94.9 % with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 7 %. The proposed method is simple, rapid, efficient and accurate. The adsorbent can be reused for up to four extraction and desorption cycles, thus reducing the cost of analysis.

制备了一种由石墨烯量子点（GQDs）和分子印迹聚合物（MIP）组成的高选择性磁性复合吸附剂，并将其应用于软饮料和牛奶样品中三种双酚的萃取和定量分析。分子印迹聚合物（MIP）中加入了磁铁矿纳米颗粒，可利用磁铁将吸附剂从样品溶液中分离出来。MIP 层的选择性识别位点和 GQDs 中丰富的吸附位点提高了对目标双酚的萃取效率。在最佳条件下，复合吸附剂与高效液相色谱（HPLC）的线性范围为 10.0-200.0 µg L-1。检测限为 3.0 µg L-1，定量限为 10.0 µg L-1。将该方法用于测定实际样品中的双酚，其相对回收率为 84.3 % 至 94.9 %，相对标准偏差（RSD）小于 7 %。该方法简单、快速、高效、准确。吸附剂可重复使用，最多可进行四次萃取和解吸循环，从而降低了分析成本。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of processing factors on quality and heterocyclic amines content in roast mutton granules 加工因素对烤羊肉颗粒质量和杂环胺含量的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106941

Qian Zhang , Guishan Liu , Qingqing Cao , Xiaoxue Li , Yuqin Feng , Jiajun Guo , Mei Guo

Using the best conditions of QuEChERS with superior performance, 7 kinds of HAAs were quickly extracted from roasted mutton granules. Subsequently, the effects of different roasting time, temperature and oil on quality, fatty acid, precursor substance and HAAs content of roasted mutton granules were studied. The results showed that with the increase of roasting temperature and time, the hardness, chewability, b* and L* were significantly decreased, while the a* and cohesiveness were significantly increased (P < 0.05). With the extension of roast time, creatine content first increased and then significantly decreased (P < 0.05), which was converted to creatinine. Creatine increased with the increase of processing temperature, creatinine showed an overall downward trend, and glucose content significantly decreased, and then stabilized at a lower level with the extension of roasting time. The glucose content of rapeseed oil was the highest and soybean oil was the lowest. Soybean oil samples had the highest creatine content and the corresponding creatinine content was also the lowest. HAAs also showed an increasing trend with the increase of roasting time and temperature, and five vegetable oils to some extent inhibit the formation of HAAs in actual foods (except PhIP). The maximum inhibition rates for Norharman, Harman, IQ, MeIQ, MeIQx and AαC were 12.06 %, 23.93 %, 142.13 %, 18.75 %, 16.58 % and 53.98 %, respectively.

利用性能优越的 QuEChERS 最佳条件，从烤羊肉颗粒中快速提取了 7 种 HAAs。随后，研究了不同烘烤时间、温度和油脂对烤羊肉颗粒的品质、脂肪酸、前体物质和 HAAs 含量的影响。结果表明，随着焙烧温度和时间的增加，硬度、咀嚼性、b*和L*显著降低，而a*和凝聚性显著增加（P <0.05）。随着烘烤时间的延长，肌酸含量先增加后明显降低（P <0.05），并转化为肌酐。肌酸含量随加工温度的升高而增加，肌酐含量呈总体下降趋势，葡萄糖含量明显下降，并随着焙烧时间的延长稳定在较低水平。菜籽油的葡萄糖含量最高，大豆油最低。大豆油样品的肌酸含量最高，相应的肌酐含量也最低。随着焙烧时间和温度的增加，HAAs 也呈上升趋势，五种植物油在一定程度上抑制了实际食品中 HAAs 的形成（PhIP 除外）。诺哈曼、哈曼、IQ、MeIQ、MeIQx 和 AαC 的最大抑制率分别为 12.06 %、23.93 %、142.13 %、18.75 %、16.58 % 和 53.98 %。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a simple and economical analytical method for investigating the distribution of astaxanthin E/Z-isomers in foods and cosmetics 开发一种简单经济的分析方法，用于调查虾青素 E/Z- 异构体在食品和化妆品中的分布情况

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106932

Antara Ghosh , Yasuhiro Nishida , Takashi Maoka , Chiasa Uragami , Hideki Hashimoto , Masaki Honda

Astaxanthin has many theoretical E/Z-isomers, making separation and accurate analysis challenging, especially because of their structural similarities and polarities. The present study developed a simple and cost-effective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to separate major astaxanthin isomers efficiently (i.e., the all-E-, 9Z-, 13Z-, and 15Z-isomers) and assess their distribution in various foods, processed products, edible insects, and cosmetics. Various HPLC columns (C18, C30, and cholesteryl-bonded silica) and mobile phase mixtures at different column oven temperatures were examined. Our developed method, using a C18 column (C18-HPLC), successfully separated the major isomers of astaxanthin at 30 °C in isocratic mode with methanol/H₂O (92.5:7.5, v/v) within 20 min. This method also minimizes the chromatographic interference from other dietary carotenoids. Additionally, although the C30 column allowed the efficient separation of astaxanthin isomers, it required the use of highly toxic and volatile mobile phase solvents, such as methyl tert-butyl ether and dichloromethane, as well as longer run times. The optimized C18-HPLC method provided an accurate assessment of astaxanthin isomers in commercially available foods, revealing higher isomer ratios in cooked samples than in raw samples. In conclusion, the developed C18-HPLC method is a simple, efficient, cost-effective, and rapid tool for astaxanthin isomer analysis.

虾青素有许多理论上的E/Z-异构体，特别是由于它们的结构相似和极性，使得分离和准确分析具有挑战性。本研究开发了一种简单、经济高效的反相高效液相色谱（HPLC）方法，可有效分离虾青素的主要异构体（即全E、9Z、13Z和15Z异构体），并评估它们在各种食品、加工产品、食用昆虫和化妆品中的分布情况。我们研究了不同柱温下的各种高效液相色谱柱（C18、C30 和胆固醇键合硅胶）和流动相混合物。我们开发的方法采用 C18 柱（C18-HPLC），在 30 °C、甲醇/H2O（92.5:7.5, v/v）等度模式下，20 分钟内成功分离了虾青素的主要异构体。这种方法还能最大限度地减少来自其他膳食类胡萝卜素的色谱干扰。此外，虽然 C30 色谱柱可以高效分离虾青素异构体，但需要使用毒性大、易挥发的流动相溶剂，如甲基叔丁基醚和二氯甲烷，而且运行时间较长。优化后的 C18-HPLC 方法可准确评估市售食品中虾青素异构体的含量，熟制样品中的异构体比率高于生制样品。总之，所开发的 C18-HPLC 方法是一种简单、高效、经济、快速的虾青素异构体分析工具。

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引用次数: 0