Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270918
Xuejun Wang
Thirty nanosecond 1.064 μm laser pulses separated by 150 nanoseconds have been shown up to ten times material removal rates while minimizing redeposition and heat-affected zones. The diameter of hole entrance is approximately 450 μm and half hole taper angle is 12 degree. The internal wall of the hole is bright black, no recast layer, no microcrack, smooth and no burr. The laser bursts drilling model is put forward and instantaneous process of laser drilling is discussed.
{"title":"Ablation Mechanisms of Double Nanosecond Pulses Laser Drilling","authors":"Xuejun Wang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270918","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty nanosecond 1.064 μm laser pulses separated by 150 nanoseconds have been shown up to ten times material removal rates while minimizing redeposition and heat-affected zones. The diameter of hole entrance is approximately 450 μm and half hole taper angle is 12 degree. The internal wall of the hole is bright black, no recast layer, no microcrack, smooth and no burr. The laser bursts drilling model is put forward and instantaneous process of laser drilling is discussed.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124986578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270549
Qiu Yang, Yana Zhang, Cheng Yang, Wei Li
Information entropy is often applied as one of masking effect in digital watermarking system. At present, some scholars have used entropy masking to improve the performance of their watermarking algorithm. This paper mainly introduces the entropy masking model in three different domains, and gives experiment report about utilizing spatial domain, DCT domain, and DWT domain entropy masking model in the similar watermarking system. In addition, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these models from the aspects of imperceptibility and robustness through our simulation experiment.
{"title":"Information Entropy Used in Digital Watermarking","authors":"Qiu Yang, Yana Zhang, Cheng Yang, Wei Li","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270549","url":null,"abstract":"Information entropy is often applied as one of masking effect in digital watermarking system. At present, some scholars have used entropy masking to improve the performance of their watermarking algorithm. This paper mainly introduces the entropy masking model in three different domains, and gives experiment report about utilizing spatial domain, DCT domain, and DWT domain entropy masking model in the similar watermarking system. In addition, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these models from the aspects of imperceptibility and robustness through our simulation experiment.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128282391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271005
Z. Mierczyk, M. Zygmunt, T. Drozd, A. Gawlikowski, A. Gietka, M. Jakubaszek, M. Kaszczuk, P. Knysak, A. Młodzianko, M. Muzal, R. Ostrowski, W. Piotrowski, J. Wojtanowski
This article presents the reflectance profilometer, which was designed and constructed in Institute of Optoelectronics of Military University of Technology. The reflectance profilometer is an optoelectronic device based on the laser remote sensing technique. The profilometer fundamental function is to define a shape of terrain along with an identification and analysis of elements of its coverage, characterized by high spatial resolution. The basis of its operating principles is to analyze the reflectance signals for laser radiation from the spectral range of 850-1550nm. The received information is visualized in 3D format, which allows for more accurate, precise and comprehensive way of presentation of the analyzed area model. The developed head is designed for use on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).
{"title":"Multispectral Laser Head for Identification and Analysis of Terrain Intended for Use on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle","authors":"Z. Mierczyk, M. Zygmunt, T. Drozd, A. Gawlikowski, A. Gietka, M. Jakubaszek, M. Kaszczuk, P. Knysak, A. Młodzianko, M. Muzal, R. Ostrowski, W. Piotrowski, J. Wojtanowski","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271005","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the reflectance profilometer, which was designed and constructed in Institute of Optoelectronics of Military University of Technology. The reflectance profilometer is an optoelectronic device based on the laser remote sensing technique. The profilometer fundamental function is to define a shape of terrain along with an identification and analysis of elements of its coverage, characterized by high spatial resolution. The basis of its operating principles is to analyze the reflectance signals for laser radiation from the spectral range of 850-1550nm. The received information is visualized in 3D format, which allows for more accurate, precise and comprehensive way of presentation of the analyzed area model. The developed head is designed for use on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV).","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126289376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271065
Q. Lv, Xiqu Chen, Z. Gan
Some equipments are required for optical limiting against laser pulses. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have exhibit perfect optical limiting property. The size-fractionation of MWNTs/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films has been achieved. The Z-scan experiments and transmission measurements with 532 nm wavelength laser pulses shows that the optical limiting behavior of MWNTs/PDMS films solution is size-dependent.
{"title":"Size-Dependent in MWNTs/PDMS Composite Films","authors":"Q. Lv, Xiqu Chen, Z. Gan","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271065","url":null,"abstract":"Some equipments are required for optical limiting against laser pulses. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have exhibit perfect optical limiting property. The size-fractionation of MWNTs/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films has been achieved. The Z-scan experiments and transmission measurements with 532 nm wavelength laser pulses shows that the optical limiting behavior of MWNTs/PDMS films solution is size-dependent.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126626017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270976
J. Yi, L. An, X. Han, C. Liu, J. Chi, Y. Wen
Thiol-capped CdSe quantum dots are synthesized rapidly in aqueous solution assisted by microwave irradiation without any poisonous materials. The growth rate of quantum dots is greatly enhanced in this current microwave synthesis. The narrow size distribution (~30nm) of CdSe quantum dots is similar to the oil samples. The results indicate that the photoluminescence quality of quantum dots is improved effectively assisted by microwave irradiation compared to traditional aqueous solution. Room and low temperature photoluminescence is employed to investigate the excitonic emission from thiol-capped CdSe quantum dots between 83K and 300K. The photoluminescence peak position of CdSe quantum dots shift to shorter wavelengths. The relationship between the shift wavelengths and the temperature is linear. The slope for linear fitting curve is nearly constant in repeated experiment. This implies CdSe quantum dots may be applied in the low temperature nano-sensor. The photoluminescence intensity first enhances and then quench with decrease of temperature. The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence intensity is demonstrated through thermal escape and thermal rectification of surface trap states.
{"title":"Temperature Effect of Photoluminescence from Aqueous CdSe Quantum Dots","authors":"J. Yi, L. An, X. Han, C. Liu, J. Chi, Y. Wen","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270976","url":null,"abstract":"Thiol-capped CdSe quantum dots are synthesized rapidly in aqueous solution assisted by microwave irradiation without any poisonous materials. The growth rate of quantum dots is greatly enhanced in this current microwave synthesis. The narrow size distribution (~30nm) of CdSe quantum dots is similar to the oil samples. The results indicate that the photoluminescence quality of quantum dots is improved effectively assisted by microwave irradiation compared to traditional aqueous solution. Room and low temperature photoluminescence is employed to investigate the excitonic emission from thiol-capped CdSe quantum dots between 83K and 300K. The photoluminescence peak position of CdSe quantum dots shift to shorter wavelengths. The relationship between the shift wavelengths and the temperature is linear. The slope for linear fitting curve is nearly constant in repeated experiment. This implies CdSe quantum dots may be applied in the low temperature nano-sensor. The photoluminescence intensity first enhances and then quench with decrease of temperature. The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence intensity is demonstrated through thermal escape and thermal rectification of surface trap states.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127606648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270948
Xin Zou, Changyu Shen, Jin-lei Chu, Yi Yang
Eu2+, Mn2+ codoped Ba3MgSi2O8 single-host white emission phosphor was prepared by solid-state reaction method. Three emission bands peaking at 435nm, 480nm and 615nm were observed under excitation wavelength of 380 nm. The 435nm and 480nm emission bands are attributed to 5d→4f transition of Eu2+ ions partially replaces Ba2+ sites in host. The emission band peaking at 615nm originates from the 4T1→6A1 transition of Mn2+ ions. When the concentrations of the Eu2+, Mn2+ and Al3+ were 0.1mol, 0.1mol and 0.35mol respectively, the sample presented white emitting under excitation wavelength of 380 nm.
{"title":"Eu2+, Mn2+ Co-Doped Ba3MgSi2O8 Single-Host White Emission Phosphor","authors":"Xin Zou, Changyu Shen, Jin-lei Chu, Yi Yang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270948","url":null,"abstract":"Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup> codoped Ba<sub>3</sub>MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> single-host white emission phosphor was prepared by solid-state reaction method. Three emission bands peaking at 435nm, 480nm and 615nm were observed under excitation wavelength of 380 nm. The 435nm and 480nm emission bands are attributed to 5d→4f transition of Eu<sup>2+</sup> ions partially replaces Ba<sup>2+</sup> sites in host. The emission band peaking at 615nm originates from the <sup>4</sup>T<sub>1</sub>→<sup>6</sup>A<sub>1</sub> transition of Mn<sup>2+</sup> ions. When the concentrations of the Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> were 0.1mol, 0.1mol and 0.35mol respectively, the sample presented white emitting under excitation wavelength of 380 nm.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127724266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270553
Shuxia Guo
Oxygen vacancies are frequently invoked to explain the experimental phenomena observed in ZnO, such as the visible emission, photoconduction, and magnetism. The levels induced by oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in reasonable interpretation on experimental data. Optical transition levels related to oxygen vacancies in ZnO have been reported in several recent papers. For the level positions relative to the band edges, there exists difference between different groups due to various methods adopted, even between the results from the same group. Original data related to oxygen vacancies in ZnO in the literatures are reviewed here. We found that the center of photoluminescence caused by VO depends on the initial states of EM, and 2.6 eV is minimum excitation energy (hνexc) for the PL centered at 530 nm. The following conclusions are drawn. Oxygen vacancies are neutral states, and the transition energy ε (0/+) lies in the lower half of the band gap. The first ionization energy is 3.03 eV.
{"title":"Optical Transition Levels Related to Oxygen Vacancies in ZnO","authors":"Shuxia Guo","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270553","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen vacancies are frequently invoked to explain the experimental phenomena observed in ZnO, such as the visible emission, photoconduction, and magnetism. The levels induced by oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in reasonable interpretation on experimental data. Optical transition levels related to oxygen vacancies in ZnO have been reported in several recent papers. For the level positions relative to the band edges, there exists difference between different groups due to various methods adopted, even between the results from the same group. Original data related to oxygen vacancies in ZnO in the literatures are reviewed here. We found that the center of photoluminescence caused by VO depends on the initial states of EM, and 2.6 eV is minimum excitation energy (hνexc) for the PL centered at 530 nm. The following conclusions are drawn. Oxygen vacancies are neutral states, and the transition energy ε (0/+) lies in the lower half of the band gap. The first ionization energy is 3.03 eV.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"28 11‐12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment uses pulse laser as light source to induce human nails producing laser plasma under the atmospheric environment. Then analyze lead elements in human nails through quantitative analysis method. The experiment develops a group of LIBS optimum conditions to survey the human nails, including single laser pulse energy, the delay time of pulse laser transmission and plasma gathering by spectroscope, the distance of lens and nails, etc. The experiment shows that many illnesses are related to heavy metal elements, which can be tested in the body tissues such as nails. This paper adopts external standard method analyses the content of Pb in the 405.7807nm. Experiment results show that there is a good linear relationship between the content of Pb and spectrum intensity. It also indicates that the LIBS technology is a fast and effective medical detection method.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Pb with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Human's Nail","authors":"Jianhua Ye, X. Wan, Zhi-min Zhang, Qi Chen, Changhai Deng, Jiakun Zhao","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270427","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment uses pulse laser as light source to induce human nails producing laser plasma under the atmospheric environment. Then analyze lead elements in human nails through quantitative analysis method. The experiment develops a group of LIBS optimum conditions to survey the human nails, including single laser pulse energy, the delay time of pulse laser transmission and plasma gathering by spectroscope, the distance of lens and nails, etc. The experiment shows that many illnesses are related to heavy metal elements, which can be tested in the body tissues such as nails. This paper adopts external standard method analyses the content of Pb in the 405.7807nm. Experiment results show that there is a good linear relationship between the content of Pb and spectrum intensity. It also indicates that the LIBS technology is a fast and effective medical detection method.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"19 3 Suppl 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270998
Hanlei Dong, Fan Wang
The median filter is a common filter, which can get a good result with impulse noise, but it can't work well with Gauss noise. At the meanwhile wavelet transform can remove Gauss noise efficiently. In this paper combined with Biorthogonal wavelet transform and median filtering, an efficient image-denoising method was presented. Experiment result shows that the noise of the image is removed effectively. At the same time, the detail of the image is kept well. The method has better denoising effect than single wavelet thresholding method or median filtering method.
{"title":"Image-Denoising Based on Bior Wavelet Transform and Median Filter","authors":"Hanlei Dong, Fan Wang","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6270998","url":null,"abstract":"The median filter is a common filter, which can get a good result with impulse noise, but it can't work well with Gauss noise. At the meanwhile wavelet transform can remove Gauss noise efficiently. In this paper combined with Biorthogonal wavelet transform and median filtering, an efficient image-denoising method was presented. Experiment result shows that the noise of the image is removed effectively. At the same time, the detail of the image is kept well. The method has better denoising effect than single wavelet thresholding method or median filtering method.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120961896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271035
Weisong Yi, Xianqing Luo
Raman spectroscopy with optical fibre probes, a kind of vibrational spectroscopy providing detailed information about molecular composition and structure of tissues. The great appeal of Raman spectroscopy lies in its potential for in vivo applications and its ability to therefore direct real-time therapeutic intervention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to discuss optical fibre probes for in vivo Raman Spectroscopy and its clinical implementation. Methods: Important progress of technology and application in medicine were introduced and summarized. Results: Raman spectroscopy equipment with optical fibre probes, meets important prerequisites for the development of tools for in vivo real time tissue analysis, during clinical procedures such as endoscope, biopsy, and surgery. Conclusion: In vivo diagnostic tools are much needed in many fields of medicine to take the sometimes unavoidable guesswork out of current clinical procedures, to avoid long delays caused by ex vivo evaluation of patient material, or to simply replace current invasive methods by noninvasive or less invasive techniques. In vivo Raman spectroscopy may fulfil a role in all of these fields.
{"title":"Progress and Application of Optical Fibre Probes for In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy","authors":"Weisong Yi, Xianqing Luo","doi":"10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOPO.2012.6271035","url":null,"abstract":"Raman spectroscopy with optical fibre probes, a kind of vibrational spectroscopy providing detailed information about molecular composition and structure of tissues. The great appeal of Raman spectroscopy lies in its potential for in vivo applications and its ability to therefore direct real-time therapeutic intervention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to discuss optical fibre probes for in vivo Raman Spectroscopy and its clinical implementation. Methods: Important progress of technology and application in medicine were introduced and summarized. Results: Raman spectroscopy equipment with optical fibre probes, meets important prerequisites for the development of tools for in vivo real time tissue analysis, during clinical procedures such as endoscope, biopsy, and surgery. Conclusion: In vivo diagnostic tools are much needed in many fields of medicine to take the sometimes unavoidable guesswork out of current clinical procedures, to avoid long delays caused by ex vivo evaluation of patient material, or to simply replace current invasive methods by noninvasive or less invasive techniques. In vivo Raman spectroscopy may fulfil a role in all of these fields.","PeriodicalId":159850,"journal":{"name":"2012 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127649782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：