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Prodromal signs of catatonia are associated with hereditary dysfunction of body systems in rat pups 紧张症的前驱症状与幼鼠身体系统的遗传性功能障碍有关
Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeim.270816.or.157
T. Igonina, T. Alekhina, N. Palchikova, O. Prokudina
Objective: The study was aimed at determining deviations in locomotor behavior and in levels of its regulators (serotonin, noradrenaline, and corticosterone) at the critical periods in rats of the genetic catatonia (GC) strain. Methods: The rat pups of GC and Wistar strains of different ages ranging from 1 to 14 days were tested by motor subsystem test. The following parameters were accounted: head movements, body movements, locomotion (pacing), immobility time, asymmetric postures during immobility periods, falls onto the back, retropulsions, body tremor, and swimming-like movements. Brain monoamine levels and corticosterone in blood plasma were assayed. The body and organ weights were measurement. Results: Preceding signs of catatonia have been noted in postnatal development in GC pups: (a) the prevalence of dyskinetic movements in the first days; (b) reduction in motor activity; (c) imbalance between the brain serotonin and noradrenaline levels; (d) increased plasma corticosterone concentration; (e) underweight at 1, 7, 10 and 14 days during early development, and the relatively larger weight of the brains and kidneys in GC rats compared with Wistar control. Conclusion: The entire range of observed abnormalities in the behavioral, neurotransmitter, hormonal, and general physical systems may be viewed as prodromal signs of catatonic reactions in GC rats.
目的:研究遗传性紧张症(GC)大鼠关键时期运动行为及其调节因子(血清素、去甲肾上腺素和皮质酮)水平的变化。方法:对1 ~ 14日龄的GC系和Wistar系大鼠进行运动子系统试验。考虑了以下参数:头部运动、身体运动、运动(起搏)、静止时间、静止期间的不对称姿势、仰卧、后退、身体震颤和游泳样运动。测定脑单胺水平和血浆皮质酮水平。测量身体和器官的重量。结果:在GC幼崽出生后的发育过程中,已经注意到先前的紧张症迹象:(a)第一天运动障碍的患病率;(b)运动活动减少;(c)脑血清素和去甲肾上腺素水平失衡;(d)血浆皮质酮浓度升高;(e) GC大鼠在发育早期1、7、10和14天体重偏轻,与Wistar对照组相比,GC大鼠的脑和肾脏重量相对较大。结论:观察到的行为、神经递质、激素和一般身体系统的全部异常可能被视为GC大鼠紧张性反应的前驱症状。
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引用次数: 1
Immunomodulatory effects of lovastatin on ovalbumin-induced bronchial asthma in mice 洛伐他汀对卵清蛋白诱导小鼠支气管哮喘的免疫调节作用
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.231115.OR.140
Mohamed F Balaha, Samah Kandeel, Hiroyuki Tanaka, H. Yamashita, M. Abdel-Rahman, N. Inagaki
Objectives: Lovastatin (LOV) is a cholesterol-lowering agent with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of LOV in a mouse model of bronchial asthma. Methods: Mice were sensitized by giving 50 μg ovalbumin (OVA) i.p. with 1 mg alum on days 0 and 12. From day 22, mice were exposed to OVA (1% (w/v) in saline for 30 min, three times every 4th day. Negative control received saline similarly. Oral LOV, given 31 days, was starting from day 0 to day 30 and at sensitization day; it was given 30 min before the treatment. The number of inflammatory cells, levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 and interferon (IFN)- in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a levels, in addition to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of the lung were investigated. Results: LOV showed significant decrease in the number of leukocytes, macrophages and eosinophils, levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in BALF, serum levels of IgE, OVA-specific IgE and IgG1, but no significant effect on BALF level of IFN- and serum level of OVA-specific IgG2a, in addition to the improvement of the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes. Conclusion: These results suggest that LOV could be beneficial for the treatment of bronchial asthma.
目的:洛伐他汀(Lovastatin, LOV)是具有免疫调节和抗炎作用的降胆固醇药物。本研究评估了LOV在支气管哮喘小鼠模型中的免疫调节作用。方法:用卵白蛋白50 μg /明矾1 mg,分别于第0、12天致敏小鼠。从第22天开始,小鼠在生理盐水中暴露OVA (1% (w/v)) 30 min,每4天3次。阴性对照组同样给予生理盐水。口服LOV, 31 d,从第0天开始到第30天,在致敏日;在治疗前30分钟给予。观察支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)炎症细胞数量、白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-5、IL-13、干扰素(IFN)-水平、血清IgE、ova特异性IgE、IgG1、IgG2a水平,并进行肺组织病理学和免疫组化检查。结果:LOV显著降低BALF中白细胞、巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞数量,IL-4、IL-5、IL-13水平,血清IgE、ova特异性IgE、IgG1水平,对IFN-的BALF水平和ova特异性IgG2a水平无显著影响,并改善组织病理学和免疫组化变化。结论:本实验结果提示洛芙对支气管哮喘有一定的治疗作用。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of an ethanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida ((Stapf) Th. & H. Durand) on reproductive abilities and developmental indices in rodents - 小木参种子乙醇提取物的药理作用。& H. Durand)关于啮齿动物繁殖能力和发育指标的研究
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.051115.OR.137
L. F. Otoo, C. Ansah, G. Koffuor, C. Benneh, K. Mensah, I. Ben
Objective: Picralima nitida is widely used in the traditional management of several ailments. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effect of an ethanolic seed extract of P.nitida on reproductive abilities and developmental indices and to establish its safety for use. Methods: Secondary metabolite screening, and safety assessment to estimate the NOAEL, and LD50 of P.nitida were conducted. Mating, estrous, fertility, live birth, and weaning indices, and the gestation period in female rodents pretreated with P.nitida (10-1000 mg/kg) for 14 days were determined. In males the number of attempted mounts, sniffing, licking, genital and non-genital grooming, and hesitation time to female, in reproductive orientation (mating) behavior studies were determined with P.nitida treatments. Spermatocyte count and quality (morphology, motility and viability) as well as histopathological study of the seminiferous tubules were also performed. Results: P.nitida, which had alkaloids, tannins, steroids, glycosides, anthraquinones and terpenoids, present a NOAEL 2000 mg/kg. Treatment with P.nitida in females significantly reduced fertility index (40%), caused dose-dependent reduction in litter size and increased estrous index. Mating index, gestation period, live birth index and weaning index were not affected. In males, there was a significant increase P.nitida-induced sniffing, licking, genital and non-genital grooming and attempted mounts with acute (but not prolonged) treatment. Treatment also significantly reduced the hesitation time of males for attraction towards females and sperm count. Spermatocyte morphology, motility and viability was not affected. Histopathological studies indicated progressive degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules with increasing P.nitida doses. Conclusion: Picralima nitida enhances sexual behaviors in both males and females. However, chronic administration reduces fertility in females and sperm count in males; at relatively lower doses the extract is safe to use.
前言:目的:白骨参广泛应用于几种疾病的传统治疗中。因此,本研究旨在研究牛油果种子乙醇提取物对其生殖能力和发育指标的影响,并确定其使用安全性。方法:采用二次代谢物筛选和安全性评价方法,评估硝酸菌的NOAEL和LD50。测定10 ~ 1000 mg/kg nitida预处理14 d的雌性啮齿动物交配、发情、生育、活产、断奶指标及妊娠期。在雄性中,在生殖取向(交配)行为研究中,用假单孢菌处理确定了尝试攀登的次数、嗅探、舔舐、生殖器和非生殖器梳理以及对雌性的犹豫时间。同时进行精母细胞计数和质量(形态、活力和活力)以及精小管的组织病理学研究。结果:硝酸菌含有生物碱、单宁、甾体、苷类、蒽醌类和萜类,NOAEL值为2000 mg/kg。雌性nitida处理显著降低生育力指数(40%),引起产仔数的剂量依赖性减少和发情指数的增加。配种指数、妊娠期、活产指数和断奶指数不受影响。在雄性中,在急性(但不是长期)治疗下,有显著增加的乳突菌引起的嗅探、舔舐、生殖器和非生殖器梳理和尝试骑乘。治疗还显著减少了男性对女性吸引力的犹豫时间和精子数量。精母细胞形态、活力和活力不受影响。组织病理学研究表明,随着硝酸菌剂量的增加,精小管发生进行性退行性改变。结论:苦参能增强雄性和雌性的性行为。然而,长期服用会降低女性的生育能力和男性的精子数量;在相对较低的剂量下,提取物是安全的。
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引用次数: 1
Properties of aqueous-saline human placental extracts and their fractions after storage of placenta at various subzero temperatures - 人胎盘水盐水提取物及其组分在不同低温下保存后的性质
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.231115.OR.141
O. Nardid, S. Repina, E. Rozanova, Y. Cherkashina, E. O. Nardid
Objective: In this study we analyzed the influence of low temperature storage of placental tissue on the effect of obtained aqueous-saline placental extracts and their extract fractions on the state of membranes and cytosol of erythrocytes. Methods: Fractions of human placenta extract (HPE) were obtained with gel-chromatography method. Spontaneous hemolysis of erythrocytes was measured spectrophotometrically by free hemoglobin content in supernatant at 543 nm wavelength. Osmotic fragility (resistance) of erythrocytes was assessed by the level of hemolysis in 0.45% NaCl solution. Low-pH resistance of erythrocytes was evaluated by the time of 50% hemolysis in sodium-phosphate-citrate buffer (pH 3.8), calculating the data from kinetic curve of the change of optical density at 700 nm. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin probe method was applied for analysis of cytosol dynamic state. Results: We recorded that low temperature storage of placental tissue allows decreasing membranotropic effect, which was inherent to certain aqueous-saline placental extracts and some of their fractions. At the same time, storage of placental tissue at both 20 С and 196 С does not influence the ability of HPE to decrease erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Erythrocytes exposed with HPE derived from placenta stored for 6 months at 20 С displayed decrease of low-pH resistance. This effect was inherent not only to the whole placental extract, but also to its certain fractions, especially those with molecular weight below 5 kDa. Conclusions: Storage of placental tissue at 196 С seems to be advantageous for preservation of studied properties of placental aqueous-saline extract in comparison to storage at 20 С.
目的:本研究分析胎盘组织低温贮藏对制备的水盐水胎盘提取物及其提取物组分对红细胞膜和细胞质状态的影响。方法:采用凝胶层析法提取人胎盘提取物。采用上清游离血红蛋白含量在543 nm波长分光光度法测定红细胞自发溶血。以0.45% NaCl溶液溶血水平评价红细胞的渗透脆弱性(抵抗力)。在pH为3.8的磷酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液中溶血50%的时间,计算700 nm光密度变化的动力学曲线,评价红细胞对低pH的抵抗力。采用电子顺磁共振(EPR)自旋探针法对胞浆进行了动态分析。结果:我们记录了胎盘组织的低温储存可以降低膜性效应,这是固有的某些水盐水胎盘提取物及其部分。同时,胎盘组织在20 С和196 С的储存不影响HPE降低红细胞渗透脆弱性的能力。胎盘HPE在20 С保存6个月后,红细胞对低ph值的抵抗力下降。这种效应不仅存在于整个胎盘提取物中,也存在于其某些部分,特别是分子量低于5kda的部分。结论:与存放在20 С相比,存放在196 С的胎盘组织似乎有利于保存所研究的胎盘水盐水提取物的特性。
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引用次数: 4
Protective effect of Ipomoea carnea Jacq leaves extracts on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in rats - 甘薯叶提取物对链球菌佐菌素诱导大鼠氧化应激的保护作用
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.230115.OR.121
T. Khan, R. Raina, P. Verma, M. Sultana, Ahmad Mahrukh
Objective: Imbalance between the concentrations of oxidant and antioxidants in mammalian cells leads to oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Ipomoea carnea Jacq leaves extracts on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced oxidative stress in rats. Methods: Alterations in stress biomarkers like activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of blood glutathione and malondialdehyde in experimental groups administered with STZ alone and along with aqueous or alcoholic extracts of I.carnea were determined. Results: Single intra-peritoneal administration of STZ (60 mg/kg) caused significant decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and blood glutathione levels while malondialdehyde level as an indicative of oxidative stress significant increased. Administration of I.carnea extracts at the dose rate of 500 mg/kg body weight through oral gavage continuously for 3 weeks in STZ-treated group reduced malondialdehyde level significantly and increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and blood glutathione level as compared to STZ alone treated rats; however, the values of antioxidants remain still lower in comparison to normal control rats. Conclusion: In the present STZ-diabetes model of rats, alcoholic extract of I.carnea leaves have more potent efficacy in restoring the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant system of rats as than the aqueous extract.
目的:哺乳动物细胞中氧化剂和抗氧化剂浓度失衡导致氧化应激。本研究旨在探讨茯苓叶提取物对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的大鼠氧化应激的保护作用。方法:测定应激生物标志物的变化,如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性,以及血谷胱甘肽和丙二醛的水平。结果:单次腹腔注射STZ (60 mg/kg)可显著降低小鼠超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和血谷胱甘肽水平,同时显著升高作为氧化应激指标的丙二醛水平。与STZ单独处理大鼠相比,STZ处理组以500 mg/kg体重剂量率连续灌胃3周,显著降低丙二醛水平,提高超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和血谷胱甘肽水平;然而,与正常对照大鼠相比,抗氧化剂的含量仍然较低。结论:在stz -糖尿病大鼠模型中,山楂叶醇提物对大鼠抗氧化系统酶和非酶成分的恢复作用比水提物更有效。
{"title":"Protective effect of Ipomoea carnea Jacq leaves extracts on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in rats -","authors":"T. Khan, R. Raina, P. Verma, M. Sultana, Ahmad Mahrukh","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.230115.OR.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.230115.OR.121","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Imbalance between the concentrations of oxidant and antioxidants in mammalian cells leads to oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Ipomoea carnea Jacq leaves extracts on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced oxidative stress in rats. Methods: Alterations in stress biomarkers like activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of blood glutathione and malondialdehyde in experimental groups administered with STZ alone and along with aqueous or alcoholic extracts of I.carnea were determined. Results: Single intra-peritoneal administration of STZ (60 mg/kg) caused significant decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and blood glutathione levels while malondialdehyde level as an indicative of oxidative stress significant increased. Administration of I.carnea extracts at the dose rate of 500 mg/kg body weight through oral gavage continuously for 3 weeks in STZ-treated group reduced malondialdehyde level significantly and increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and blood glutathione level as compared to STZ alone treated rats; however, the values of antioxidants remain still lower in comparison to normal control rats. Conclusion: In the present STZ-diabetes model of rats, alcoholic extract of I.carnea leaves have more potent efficacy in restoring the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant system of rats as than the aqueous extract.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"42-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87545001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Starting the fifth year of publication: switching from road to highway - 出版第五年开始:从公路转向高速公路-
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.300315.ED.019
S. Oter, K. Şimşek
With the beginning of 2011, the “Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine” launched the medical literature with the motto “from cell to system, from mechanism to disease” [1]. The scope of the journal covered the entire field of biomedical research with particular interest on integrating experimental data to clinical applications; in other words, the so-called “bench-to-bedside” or “translational medicine” area. During its finalized 4 years of publication, 16 quarterly issues were published on time, covering nearly 200 articles of which at least one-third were cited by journals listed in the Web of Science. The journal seems to be very close to hit its mark and warrants to attract much more attention in the near future. In order to reach a higher scientific value, in the long run, our editorial team...
2011年初,《实验与中西医结合杂志》推出了以“从细胞到系统,从机制到疾病”为座右铭的医学文献[1]。该杂志的范围涵盖了整个生物医学研究领域,特别关注将实验数据与临床应用相结合;换句话说,就是所谓的“从实验室到病床”或“转化医学”领域。在最后出版的4年里,按时出版了16期季刊,涵盖近200篇文章,其中至少三分之一的文章被Web of Science列出的期刊引用。这本杂志似乎非常接近它的目标,并保证在不久的将来吸引更多的关注。为了达到更高的科学价值,从长远来看,我们的编辑团队……
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引用次数: 0
In vitro effects of zinc and folic acid on the expressions of Neurogenin 3, Kruppel-like factor 4, c-Myc, Nanog, Nestin and POU class 5 homeobox 1 genes - 锌和叶酸对神经原素3、kruppel样因子4、c-Myc、Nanog、Nestin和POU 5类同源盒1基因表达的体外影响
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeim.190415.or.127
Z. Çoban, S. Guran, Atmaca Şahin Sağaltıcı
Objective: Genes are regulated at multiple levels by using nutritional factors during neurogenesis and gliogenesis in brain development. Folic acid (FA)and zinc regulate the expressions of some genes which participate in brain development as nutritional factors. So, we aimed to find the effect of FA and zinc on the expression levels of neurogenin 3 (NGN3), Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), c-Myc, nanog, POU class 5 homeobox 1-Pou5F1 (Oct4), and Nestin in mouse fetal brain tissue in neural plate phase at gestational day 7 (GD7)and in fetal brain tissue at GD20. Methods: All the tissues were cultured primarily. FA and zinc solutions were added. Real time-polymerase chain reaction was performed in RNA obtained from in each sample. Results: FA has no effect on GD7 mouse neural plate tissue and GD20 mouse fetal brain tissue. Zinc has no effect on GD7 mouse neural plate tissue. Zinc increased the expressions of NGN3, Klf4, nanog, Nestin, and Oct4 genes on GD20 mouse fetal brain tissue. Conclusion: This in vitro study represents that zinc is important in the expressions of NGN3, Klf4, Nanog, Nestin, and Oct4 genes in the late phase of pregnancy. The stimulator effect of Zinc on the expression levels of these genes may show us the possible role of zinc in fetal brain development in the late phase of pregnancy.
目的:在脑发育过程中,营养因子在神经发生和神经胶质瘤发生过程中对基因进行多水平调控。叶酸(FA)和锌作为营养因子调节一些参与脑发育的基因的表达。因此,我们旨在研究FA和锌对妊娠第7天(GD7)神经板期小鼠胎儿脑组织中神经原素3 (NGN3)、kruppel样因子4 (Klf4)、c-Myc、nanog、POU 5类同源盒1-Pou5F1 (Oct4)和Nestin表达水平的影响。方法:对所有组织进行初步培养。加入FA和锌溶液。实时聚合酶链反应从每个样品中获得的RNA进行。结果:FA对GD7小鼠神经板组织和GD20小鼠胎脑组织无影响。锌对GD7小鼠神经板组织无影响。锌增加了GD20小鼠胎脑组织中NGN3、Klf4、nanog、Nestin和Oct4基因的表达。结论:本体外实验表明,锌对妊娠后期NGN3、Klf4、Nanog、Nestin、Oct4基因的表达有重要影响。锌对这些基因表达水平的刺激作用可能表明锌在妊娠后期胎儿大脑发育中的可能作用。
{"title":"In vitro effects of zinc and folic acid on the expressions of Neurogenin 3, Kruppel-like factor 4, c-Myc, Nanog, Nestin and POU class 5 homeobox 1 genes -","authors":"Z. Çoban, S. Guran, Atmaca Şahin Sağaltıcı","doi":"10.5455/jeim.190415.or.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jeim.190415.or.127","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Genes are regulated at multiple levels by using nutritional factors during neurogenesis and gliogenesis in brain development. Folic acid (FA)and zinc regulate the expressions of some genes which participate in brain development as nutritional factors. So, we aimed to find the effect of FA and zinc on the expression levels of neurogenin 3 (NGN3), Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), c-Myc, nanog, POU class 5 homeobox 1-Pou5F1 (Oct4), and Nestin in mouse fetal brain tissue in neural plate phase at gestational day 7 (GD7)and in fetal brain tissue at GD20. Methods: All the tissues were cultured primarily. FA and zinc solutions were added. Real time-polymerase chain reaction was performed in RNA obtained from in each sample. Results: FA has no effect on GD7 mouse neural plate tissue and GD20 mouse fetal brain tissue. Zinc has no effect on GD7 mouse neural plate tissue. Zinc increased the expressions of NGN3, Klf4, nanog, Nestin, and Oct4 genes on GD20 mouse fetal brain tissue. Conclusion: This in vitro study represents that zinc is important in the expressions of NGN3, Klf4, Nanog, Nestin, and Oct4 genes in the late phase of pregnancy. The stimulator effect of Zinc on the expression levels of these genes may show us the possible role of zinc in fetal brain development in the late phase of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91269117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Isolated appendicular tuberculosis: A rare cause of acute appendicitis 孤立性阑尾结核:一种罕见的急性阑尾炎病因
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.130415.CR.006
S. Harris, Ansari Mm, Anmol Gupta, N. Afroz
Primary appendicular tuberculosis is a rare form of abdominal tuberculosis, occuring in 0.1-0.6% of the cases, and it is almost always diagnosed post-surgical on histopathology. In the present case, a 14-year-old girl underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis. During operation, only appendix and mesoappendix were found inflamed and thickened, and there was no other abnormality. Histopathology revealed tuberculosis of appendix. Anti-tuberculous treatment was started, and the patient was doing well with weight gain of 5 kg at the follow-up of 3 months.
原发性阑尾结核是一种罕见的腹部结核,发生率为0.1-0.6%,几乎都是术后病理诊断。在本病例中,一名14岁的女孩因急性阑尾炎接受了腹腔镜阑尾切除术。术中仅发现阑尾及阑尾系膜炎症增厚,未见其他异常。组织病理学示阑尾结核。开始抗结核治疗,患者恢复良好,随访3个月时体重增加5公斤。
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引用次数: 4
Microbiota disorders and food hypersensitivity in autism spectrum disorders; what do we know? 自闭症谱系障碍的微生物群紊乱与食物过敏我们知道什么?
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.160615.RW.013
P. Szachta, Anna Bartnicka, M. Gałęcka, K. Skonieczna-Żydecka
Pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is probably multifactorial. Many studies have shown intestinal dysbiosis in children with autism. Moreover, gastrointestinal disturbances, probably resulting from abnormal microbiota composition, are commonly reported in children with autism. Another aspect, that may have negative influence on ASD children’s behavior are enzymopathies (enzymatic deficiency). Lack of selected gastrointestinal enzymes leads to inappropriate nutrients decomposition (mainly gluten and casein) and formation of so called exorphins, i.e. substances with opioid activity (opioid therapy). Because of increased permeability of the intestinal barrier and cerebrospinal axis, exorphins and others improperly digested food particles may be transported to the central nervous system. Consequently, disorders in brain development and children’s behavior deterioration may be observed. Studies have shown that both microflora disorders and increased intestinal permeability may contribute to behavioral impairment.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的发病机制可能是多因素的。许多研究表明自闭症儿童存在肠道生态失调。此外,胃肠道紊乱,可能是由异常的微生物群组成引起的,通常在自闭症儿童中报道。另一个可能对ASD儿童行为产生负面影响的方面是酶病(酶缺乏症)。缺乏特定的胃肠道酶会导致不适当的营养物质分解(主要是麸质和酪蛋白),并形成所谓的外啡肽,即具有阿片活性的物质(阿片疗法)。由于肠屏障和脑脊髓轴的渗透性增加,外啡肽和其他不适当消化的食物颗粒可能被运送到中枢神经系统。因此,可以观察到大脑发育障碍和儿童行为恶化。研究表明,肠道菌群紊乱和肠道通透性增加都可能导致行为障碍。
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引用次数: 2
Variations of the sciatic nerve and its relation with the piriformis muscle in South Indian population 南印度人群坐骨神经变异及其与梨状肌的关系
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.200515.OR.132
Sushma R Kotian, A. Sinha, A. S. Souza, S. Sumalatha
Objective: The sciatic nerve, a largest branch of the sacral plexus is prone to variations in its formation, course and branching pattern which may lead to multiple clinical complaints. The aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence of its variations in South Indian population. Methods: 60 gluteal regions were examined in 30 formalin fixed adult cadavers for the variations in the formation, termination of the sciatic nerve and its relationship with the piriformis muscle. Results: The sciatic nerve showed variations in its formation and as well as termination. High division of the sciatic nerve was the most commonly encountered variation (45%). The relationship of the sciatic nerve and its branches with the piriformis muscle was also variable. In majority of the cases (56.67%), the sciatic nerve and its branches were passing inferior to piriformis. Conclusion: Although the variations of the sciatic nerve are common and are already reported, the present study indicates some additional findings not reported previously and further stresses on its applied significance. These variations are important for surgeons, as this is an area of frequent surgical manipulation, nerve injury during deep intramuscular injections, sciatic nerve block etc. They may lead to in-advertent injury during operations, piriformis syndrome, non-discogenic sciatica, muscle atrophy, failure of sciatic nerve block and many other complications.
目的:坐骨神经是骶神经丛中最大的分支,其形成、走行和分支模式容易发生变化,从而导致多种临床主诉。本研究的目的是分析其变异在南印度人口中的发生率。方法:对30具经福尔马林固定的成人尸体的60个臀区进行检查,观察坐骨神经的形成、终止及其与梨状肌的关系的变化。结果:坐骨神经的形成和终止均有不同程度的变化。高度分裂的坐骨神经是最常见的变异(45%)。坐骨神经及其分支与梨状肌的关系也不同。大多数病例(56.67%),坐骨神经及其分支在梨状肌下方通过。结论:虽然坐骨神经的变异是常见的,并且已经有报道,但本研究提示了一些先前未报道的其他发现,并进一步强调了其应用意义。这些变化对外科医生来说很重要,因为这是一个经常手术操作的区域,在深度肌内注射时神经损伤,坐骨神经阻滞等。可导致术中意外损伤、梨状肌综合征、非盘源性坐骨神经痛、肌肉萎缩、坐骨神经阻滞失败等并发症。
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引用次数: 3
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Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine
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