Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.010315.BR.024
E. Chandana, Kankanam K. A. Kithmini, T. M. C. P. Gunasekara
Objective: The present work was undertaken to validate the combinatorial effect of the ethanol extractions of rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus Linn. (“Kalanduru”) and Alpinia calcarata Rosc. (“Heen Araththa”), and root barks of Solanum surattense Burm.f. (“Elabatu”), Clerodendrum infortunatum Linn. (“Pinna”) and Croton laccifer Linn. (“Keppetiya”) as immunomodulators in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were orally fed with combined crude products of the five plant species (200 mg/ml) at each day for a period of 14 days while control group was orally fed with 1 ml of distilled water each day for the same period. Differential white blood cell (WBC) count, leukocyte adhesion, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 levels were measured in all rats after the treatments. Subsequently, animals in each group were orally fed with 1 ml of cyclophosphamide solution at a concentration 20 mg/ml. Results: Hematological analyses revealed that total WBC and leukocyte adhesion were not significantly different in control and extract-treated groups. Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 was significantly different in treated and control groups while expression of IL-12 was not significantly different. Cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression of the control group caused moderate to severe skin lesions while the rats in the extract-treated group did not sustain any skin lesions. All the rats in the cyclophosphamide-treated control group died after three months while 83.33% of the cyclophosphamide + plant extract received group survived, indicating the ability of the plant combination to alleviate the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide. Conclusions: Treating with ethanolic extract combination of above plant species might exert their immunomodulatory effect via cytokine expression and can attenuate the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide.
{"title":"Immunostimulative effects of Cyperus rotundus, Alpinia calcarata, Solanum surattense, Clerodendrum infortunatum and Croton laccifer extracts combination on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosupression in rats -","authors":"E. Chandana, Kankanam K. A. Kithmini, T. M. C. P. Gunasekara","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.010315.BR.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.010315.BR.024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present work was undertaken to validate the combinatorial effect of the ethanol extractions of rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus Linn. (“Kalanduru”) and Alpinia calcarata Rosc. (“Heen Araththa”), and root barks of Solanum surattense Burm.f. (“Elabatu”), Clerodendrum infortunatum Linn. (“Pinna”) and Croton laccifer Linn. (“Keppetiya”) as immunomodulators in rats. Methods: Wistar rats were orally fed with combined crude products of the five plant species (200 mg/ml) at each day for a period of 14 days while control group was orally fed with 1 ml of distilled water each day for the same period. Differential white blood cell (WBC) count, leukocyte adhesion, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 levels were measured in all rats after the treatments. Subsequently, animals in each group were orally fed with 1 ml of cyclophosphamide solution at a concentration 20 mg/ml. Results: Hematological analyses revealed that total WBC and leukocyte adhesion were not significantly different in control and extract-treated groups. Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 was significantly different in treated and control groups while expression of IL-12 was not significantly different. Cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression of the control group caused moderate to severe skin lesions while the rats in the extract-treated group did not sustain any skin lesions. All the rats in the cyclophosphamide-treated control group died after three months while 83.33% of the cyclophosphamide + plant extract received group survived, indicating the ability of the plant combination to alleviate the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide. Conclusions: Treating with ethanolic extract combination of above plant species might exert their immunomodulatory effect via cytokine expression and can attenuate the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76181003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.290415.OR.129
S. Rozanova, N. Timchenko, E. Rozanova, O. Nardid
{"title":"Freezing of hemoglobin-loaded sodium alginate microspheres -","authors":"S. Rozanova, N. Timchenko, E. Rozanova, O. Nardid","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.290415.OR.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.290415.OR.129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"81-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81992919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.180215.OR.124
D. Minchenko
Objective: Accumulating evidence raises the hypothesis that dysregulation of intrinsic clock mechanisms which control the main metabolic processes are involved in the development of the most profound public health problems: obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We sought therefore to identify the dysregulation of molecular components of circadian clock in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Methods: We investigated the expression of key circadian genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 24 adult males divided into four equal groups: lean controls and obese men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes. Results: The expression levels of circadian genes PER2, CLOCK, ARNTL/BMAL1 and CRY1 were decreased in subcutaneous adipose tissue of NGT obese men versus lean controls and these changes were negatively correlated with increased body mass index (BMI). At the same time, no significant changes were observed in PER1 gene expression in adipose tissue of this group of patients. In subcutaneous adipose tissue of IGT obese cases we found decreased levels of PER1, CLOCK and ARNTL/BMAL1 gene expressions compared to NGT obese individuals. Moreover, the expression levels of CLOCK, PER2 and CRY1 genes were down-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with type 2 diabetes versus IGT obese patients; however, ARNTL/BMAL1 gene expression was up-regulated. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that suppression of most circadian gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with NGT is negatively correlated with increased BMI and can contribute to the development of obesity. The decreased expression of PER1 gene as well as an additional suppression of ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with glucose intolerance is associated with insulin resistance and IGT. At the same time, development of type 2 diabetes in obese men correlates with suppression of CLOCK, PER2, and CRY1 gene expressions. These results demonstrate that obesity and its complications differentially suppress clock gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue, rendering this pathway as a potential therapeutic target.
{"title":"Expression of circadian genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes","authors":"D. Minchenko","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.180215.OR.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.180215.OR.124","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Accumulating evidence raises the hypothesis that dysregulation of intrinsic clock mechanisms which control the main metabolic processes are involved in the development of the most profound public health problems: obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We sought therefore to identify the dysregulation of molecular components of circadian clock in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Methods: We investigated the expression of key circadian genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 24 adult males divided into four equal groups: lean controls and obese men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes. Results: The expression levels of circadian genes PER2, CLOCK, ARNTL/BMAL1 and CRY1 were decreased in subcutaneous adipose tissue of NGT obese men versus lean controls and these changes were negatively correlated with increased body mass index (BMI). At the same time, no significant changes were observed in PER1 gene expression in adipose tissue of this group of patients. In subcutaneous adipose tissue of IGT obese cases we found decreased levels of PER1, CLOCK and ARNTL/BMAL1 gene expressions compared to NGT obese individuals. Moreover, the expression levels of CLOCK, PER2 and CRY1 genes were down-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with type 2 diabetes versus IGT obese patients; however, ARNTL/BMAL1 gene expression was up-regulated. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that suppression of most circadian gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with NGT is negatively correlated with increased BMI and can contribute to the development of obesity. The decreased expression of PER1 gene as well as an additional suppression of ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese men with glucose intolerance is associated with insulin resistance and IGT. At the same time, development of type 2 diabetes in obese men correlates with suppression of CLOCK, PER2, and CRY1 gene expressions. These results demonstrate that obesity and its complications differentially suppress clock gene expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue, rendering this pathway as a potential therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87852768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.270415.OR.128
H. Avsever, Hakan Kurt, T. Suer, Hatice Seda Ozgedik
Objective: Stafne’s bone cavity was first described by Stafne, who reported 35 cases of unilateral, asymptomatic radiolucencies in 1942. The bone cavities are located on the posterior mandible and below the mandibular canal, above the mandibular base. They usually include an ectopic salivary gland and their incidence was reported as between 0.1% and 0.48%. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of Stafne bone cavity (SBC) in a Turkish subpopulation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational study was designed with panoramic radiographies. A total of 14,250 panoramic radiographies were inspected. 192 of panoramic radiographs were considered as unfit for the study due to various reasons (e.g., low image quality and big artefact) and were excluded from the study. The localizations of the defects on the mandible were noted. Results: Among the 14,058 patients, only 13 (0.09%) had SBC, of whom 4 were female (30.7%), and 9 were male (69.3%). The age range of patients with SBC was 21-75 years (mean age: 49.2). All the cavities were detected in the posterior region of the mandible. Conclusion: SBC is a rare developmental anomaly and has a typical radiologic appearance. Panoramic radiography seems to be a sufficient diagnostic tool for detecting SBC.
{"title":"Stafne bone cavity: A retrospective panoramic evaluation on prevalence in Turkish subpopulation -","authors":"H. Avsever, Hakan Kurt, T. Suer, Hatice Seda Ozgedik","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.270415.OR.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.270415.OR.128","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Stafne’s bone cavity was first described by Stafne, who reported 35 cases of unilateral, asymptomatic radiolucencies in 1942. The bone cavities are located on the posterior mandible and below the mandibular canal, above the mandibular base. They usually include an ectopic salivary gland and their incidence was reported as between 0.1% and 0.48%. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of Stafne bone cavity (SBC) in a Turkish subpopulation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational study was designed with panoramic radiographies. A total of 14,250 panoramic radiographies were inspected. 192 of panoramic radiographs were considered as unfit for the study due to various reasons (e.g., low image quality and big artefact) and were excluded from the study. The localizations of the defects on the mandible were noted. Results: Among the 14,058 patients, only 13 (0.09%) had SBC, of whom 4 were female (30.7%), and 9 were male (69.3%). The age range of patients with SBC was 21-75 years (mean age: 49.2). All the cavities were detected in the posterior region of the mandible. Conclusion: SBC is a rare developmental anomaly and has a typical radiologic appearance. Panoramic radiography seems to be a sufficient diagnostic tool for detecting SBC.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74398226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.140915.BR.025
Elly Susilawati, W. Barlianto, I. Wiyasa
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether an extract of green tea is able to decrease low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and increase high density lipoprotein (HDL)-c in rats exposed to depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Methods: Twenty five female Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 5 each): (1) untreated negative control; (2) positive control which received DMPA only; (3) DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 10.8 mg/kg/day; (4) DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 21.6 mg/kg/day; (5) and DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 43.2 mg/kg/day. The treatment with green tea was performed for four weeks. Serum lipid profile and atherogenic index were analyzed by automated enzymatic technique Results: DMPA significantly changed the serum lipid profile marked by decreased HDL, increased LDL and cholesterol/HDL-c ratio compared with the untreated group. The increase in LDL was significantly attenuated by all treatment doses of of green tea. Similarly, the decrease in HDL level was significantly attenuated by all doses of the extract. On the other hand, increased levels of cholesterol/HDL-c ratio in the DMPA group was significantly reduced by lowest and highest doses of green tea extract. Conclusion: Green tea extract inhibits the increase in LDL-c and cholesterol/HDL-c ratio induced by DMPA. This may provide a natural therapeutic alternative for normalizing the lipid profile found in subjects exposed to DMPA.
{"title":"Cholesterol/HDL-c ratio lowering effect of green tea in rats exposed to depot medroxiprogesterone acetate -","authors":"Elly Susilawati, W. Barlianto, I. Wiyasa","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.140915.BR.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.140915.BR.025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether an extract of green tea is able to decrease low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and increase high density lipoprotein (HDL)-c in rats exposed to depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). Methods: Twenty five female Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 5 each): (1) untreated negative control; (2) positive control which received DMPA only; (3) DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 10.8 mg/kg/day; (4) DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 21.6 mg/kg/day; (5) and DMPA plus green tea extract at the dose of 43.2 mg/kg/day. The treatment with green tea was performed for four weeks. Serum lipid profile and atherogenic index were analyzed by automated enzymatic technique Results: DMPA significantly changed the serum lipid profile marked by decreased HDL, increased LDL and cholesterol/HDL-c ratio compared with the untreated group. The increase in LDL was significantly attenuated by all treatment doses of of green tea. Similarly, the decrease in HDL level was significantly attenuated by all doses of the extract. On the other hand, increased levels of cholesterol/HDL-c ratio in the DMPA group was significantly reduced by lowest and highest doses of green tea extract. Conclusion: Green tea extract inhibits the increase in LDL-c and cholesterol/HDL-c ratio induced by DMPA. This may provide a natural therapeutic alternative for normalizing the lipid profile found in subjects exposed to DMPA.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":"165-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.180115.OR.119
Nora Athmani, F. Dehiba, A. Allaoui, A. Barkia, Ali Bougatef, M. Lamri-Senhadji, M. Nasri, A. Boualga
Objective: The present study was designed to determine in rats fed high cholesterol diet whether serum cholesterol concentration and its distribution in lipoprotein fractions could be improved by sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) protein hydrolysates. In addition, lipid peroxidation in different lipoprotein fractions and in two target tissues of atherosclosis and their antioxidant enzymes activities were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats (350 ± 15 g) fed 20% casein with 1% cholesterol were divided into three groups. Group I and Group II were designated as ‘sardine’ and ‘sardinelle’ groups received 300 mg of the respective fish protein hydrolysates for 14 days by oral gavage while the third group received water in the same conditions and constituted the control group (CG). Results: Compared with CG, cholesterolemia was 1.7-fold lower in sardine and sardinelle groups. This was meanly due to their reduced low-density lipoproteinhigh-density lipoprotein (HDL1)-cholesterol contents while those of HDL3 were enhanced. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances contents were found to be lowered in red blood cells (RBC), heart and aorta of sardine and sardinelle group rats compared to CG. In the same groups, paraoxonase activity was also higher than CG. RBC and heart superoxide dismutase activity was higher in sardinelle group versus CG. In aorta, glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in both sardine and sardinelle groups. Glutathione reductase activity in RBC and aortic tissue was also increased in sardine and sardinelle groups. Conclusion: Sardine and particularly sardinelle protein hydrolysates could be considered as two bioactive ingredients with a potent cholesterol-lowering effect accompanied by efficient decrease in lipid peroxidation in serum and target tissues, related with increased antioxidant enzymes activity in rats fed a high cholesterol diet.
{"title":"Sardina pilchardus and Sardinella aurita protein hydrolysates reduce cholesterolemia and oxidative stress in rat fed high cholesterol diet","authors":"Nora Athmani, F. Dehiba, A. Allaoui, A. Barkia, Ali Bougatef, M. Lamri-Senhadji, M. Nasri, A. Boualga","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.180115.OR.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.180115.OR.119","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study was designed to determine in rats fed high cholesterol diet whether serum cholesterol concentration and its distribution in lipoprotein fractions could be improved by sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) protein hydrolysates. In addition, lipid peroxidation in different lipoprotein fractions and in two target tissues of atherosclosis and their antioxidant enzymes activities were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats (350 ± 15 g) fed 20% casein with 1% cholesterol were divided into three groups. Group I and Group II were designated as ‘sardine’ and ‘sardinelle’ groups received 300 mg of the respective fish protein hydrolysates for 14 days by oral gavage while the third group received water in the same conditions and constituted the control group (CG). Results: Compared with CG, cholesterolemia was 1.7-fold lower in sardine and sardinelle groups. This was meanly due to their reduced low-density lipoproteinhigh-density lipoprotein (HDL1)-cholesterol contents while those of HDL3 were enhanced. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances contents were found to be lowered in red blood cells (RBC), heart and aorta of sardine and sardinelle group rats compared to CG. In the same groups, paraoxonase activity was also higher than CG. RBC and heart superoxide dismutase activity was higher in sardinelle group versus CG. In aorta, glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in both sardine and sardinelle groups. Glutathione reductase activity in RBC and aortic tissue was also increased in sardine and sardinelle groups. Conclusion: Sardine and particularly sardinelle protein hydrolysates could be considered as two bioactive ingredients with a potent cholesterol-lowering effect accompanied by efficient decrease in lipid peroxidation in serum and target tissues, related with increased antioxidant enzymes activity in rats fed a high cholesterol diet.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85784548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.080215.OR.123
S. Akomolafe, G. Oboh
Objective: Characterization of polyphenolic contents and the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of ripe tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and red pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits on the sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and iron(II) (Fe2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver were examined in this study. Materials and Methods: Various experimental models such as the ABTS• (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) scavenging ability and ferric reducing power were used to characterize the antioxidant activity of the extracts. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the phenolic content of the extracts. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was used as a measure of oxidative stress in the rat’s liver tissue. Results: The ABTS• scavenging ability and ferric reducing power of the aqueous extract of ripe red pepper were significantly higher than that of ripe tomato. Ripe red pepper and tomato fruits extracts inhibited NO• in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, the introduction of extracts of ripe red pepper and tomato caused a significant concentration-dependent decrease in the MDA content of the SNP and Fe2+-stressed liver homogenates. In addition, HPLC analyses of the extracts revealed the presence of different phenolic compounds. Conclusion: With respect to the results of the current study, ripe tomato, and red pepper could be considered to be potential sources of natural antioxidants.
{"title":"Characterization of polyphenolic constituents and radical scavenging ability of ripe tomato and red pepper fruits","authors":"S. Akomolafe, G. Oboh","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.080215.OR.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.080215.OR.123","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Characterization of polyphenolic contents and the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of ripe tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and red pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits on the sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and iron(II) (Fe2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver were examined in this study. Materials and Methods: Various experimental models such as the ABTS• (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) scavenging ability and ferric reducing power were used to characterize the antioxidant activity of the extracts. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the phenolic content of the extracts. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was used as a measure of oxidative stress in the rat’s liver tissue. Results: The ABTS• scavenging ability and ferric reducing power of the aqueous extract of ripe red pepper were significantly higher than that of ripe tomato. Ripe red pepper and tomato fruits extracts inhibited NO• in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, the introduction of extracts of ripe red pepper and tomato caused a significant concentration-dependent decrease in the MDA content of the SNP and Fe2+-stressed liver homogenates. In addition, HPLC analyses of the extracts revealed the presence of different phenolic compounds. Conclusion: With respect to the results of the current study, ripe tomato, and red pepper could be considered to be potential sources of natural antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89681518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.021015.OR.136
I. Voronova, A. A. Tuzhikova, A. L. Markel', T. Kozyreva
Objective: The widespread essential hypertension, of which the nature is still unclear, demands a comprehensive study of the differences between normo- and hypertensives. Hypertension may be associated with changes in the central nervous system functioning, at various levels. Our previous data have shown the differences in thermo-responsiveness of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Thermosensitive TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channels which are considered as a molecular basis of the thermosensitivity are essential for thermoregulation. Hypothalamus is the important brain structure for blood pressure and temperature regulation. The aim of present work was to assess the expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channel genes in functionally different parts of hypothalamus in normo- and hypertensive rats. Methods: Male inherited stress-induced arterial hypertensive (ISIAH) rats and normotensive Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) were used. Gene expression was assayed by the quantitative method of reverse transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Differences between normal and hypertensive rats were found in the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (Trpm8) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (Trpv4) genes. The level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus of hypertensives was more than twice lower than in normotensives. In hypertensives, the level of Trpv4 mRNA in posterior hypothalamus was half time higher than in anterior, and significantly higher than in the normotensives. In normotensives, the Trpv4 gene expression was the same in both parts of hypothalamus. Some differences between anterior and posterior hypothalamus were similar in normo- and hypertensives: the level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus was three times higher than in the posterior and the levels of Trpv1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (Trpa1) mRNA, vice versa. Conclusion: The obtained data allow to come closer to understand the possible molecular bases of the status of hypertension and elucidate some aspects of the physiological role of the investigated thermosensitive TRP ion channels.
{"title":"Inherited stress-induced hypertension associates with altered gene expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channels in hypothalamus -","authors":"I. Voronova, A. A. Tuzhikova, A. L. Markel', T. Kozyreva","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.021015.OR.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.021015.OR.136","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The widespread essential hypertension, of which the nature is still unclear, demands a comprehensive study of the differences between normo- and hypertensives. Hypertension may be associated with changes in the central nervous system functioning, at various levels. Our previous data have shown the differences in thermo-responsiveness of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Thermosensitive TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channels which are considered as a molecular basis of the thermosensitivity are essential for thermoregulation. Hypothalamus is the important brain structure for blood pressure and temperature regulation. The aim of present work was to assess the expression of thermosensitive TRP ion channel genes in functionally different parts of hypothalamus in normo- and hypertensive rats. Methods: Male inherited stress-induced arterial hypertensive (ISIAH) rats and normotensive Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) were used. Gene expression was assayed by the quantitative method of reverse transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Differences between normal and hypertensive rats were found in the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (Trpm8) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (Trpv4) genes. The level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus of hypertensives was more than twice lower than in normotensives. In hypertensives, the level of Trpv4 mRNA in posterior hypothalamus was half time higher than in anterior, and significantly higher than in the normotensives. In normotensives, the Trpv4 gene expression was the same in both parts of hypothalamus. Some differences between anterior and posterior hypothalamus were similar in normo- and hypertensives: the level of Trpm8 mRNA in the anterior hypothalamus was three times higher than in the posterior and the levels of Trpv1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (Trpa1) mRNA, vice versa. Conclusion: The obtained data allow to come closer to understand the possible molecular bases of the status of hypertension and elucidate some aspects of the physiological role of the investigated thermosensitive TRP ion channels.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84959916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.020615.OR.133
Wulan Sasmeita, R. Suwarniaty, L. Fitri, M. Rohman, S. L. Kawuryan
Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) with cardiac valves lesion severity and heart failure (HF) in rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study using human peripheral blood samples of 36 children aged 6 to14 years old, divided into two groups: 18 RHD patients and 18 healthy controls group. The expression of CECs and VCAM-1 on CECs was investigated by using flow-cytometry method while the levels of soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) were obtained by using ELISA method. The severity of valve lesions was determined in a qualitative manner. Results: The average of CECs expression, VCAM-1 on CECs expression, and sVCAM-1 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than those of the healthy group. The expression of VCAM-1 on CECs was significantly different among mild, moderate, and severe regurgitation. Correlation analysis showed that the CECs expression had a significant correlation with HF. Moreover, correlation was found between expression of VCAM-1 on CECs and the severity of valve lesions. However, sVCAM-1 in plasma had no correlation either with HF or with valve lesion. Conclusion: The expression of VCAM-1 on CECs is associated with severe regurgitation while CECs level was correlated with HF. VCAM-1 on CECs may be considered a marker for the severity of functional regurgitation in RHD. CECs could be recommended as a measure for RHD with HF.
{"title":"Circulating endothelial cells and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 correlates with severity of regurgitation lesion and heart failure in rheumatic heart disease","authors":"Wulan Sasmeita, R. Suwarniaty, L. Fitri, M. Rohman, S. L. Kawuryan","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.020615.OR.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.020615.OR.133","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) with cardiac valves lesion severity and heart failure (HF) in rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study using human peripheral blood samples of 36 children aged 6 to14 years old, divided into two groups: 18 RHD patients and 18 healthy controls group. The expression of CECs and VCAM-1 on CECs was investigated by using flow-cytometry method while the levels of soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) were obtained by using ELISA method. The severity of valve lesions was determined in a qualitative manner. Results: The average of CECs expression, VCAM-1 on CECs expression, and sVCAM-1 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than those of the healthy group. The expression of VCAM-1 on CECs was significantly different among mild, moderate, and severe regurgitation. Correlation analysis showed that the CECs expression had a significant correlation with HF. Moreover, correlation was found between expression of VCAM-1 on CECs and the severity of valve lesions. However, sVCAM-1 in plasma had no correlation either with HF or with valve lesion. Conclusion: The expression of VCAM-1 on CECs is associated with severe regurgitation while CECs level was correlated with HF. VCAM-1 on CECs may be considered a marker for the severity of functional regurgitation in RHD. CECs could be recommended as a measure for RHD with HF.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82109758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEIM.260115.OR.122
H. Alkhateeb
Objective: Thujone, a main constituent of medicinal herbs, has been shown to have antidiabetic properties. Therefore the primary objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism(s) by which thujone ameliorates diabetes and insulin resistance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Thereafter, rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control rats; STZ diabetic rats; STZ diabetic rats that received thujone by daily oral administration (60 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood sample was collected for determination of plasma glucose and insulin levels. Then, rats were sacrificed and liver was removed for further analysis, i.e. liver glycogen, Akt, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and glycogen synthase (GS). Results: The results revealed that STZ administration resulted in significant elevation of the plasma glucose level and GS phosphorylation. In contrast, plasma insulin level and phosphorylation of both Akt and GSK-3β were inhibited as compared with control. Feeding the STZ-diabetic rats for 4 weeks with thujone normalized glucose level, but failed to normalize insulin level. These effects were accompanied with elevation in the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3 β. Moreover, the phosphorylation of GS was lower than the control group after thujone administration. Conclusion: These results clearly demonstrate that thujone exhibits a hypoglycemic effect in vivo that could be attributed, at least in part, to increasing hepatic glycogen synthesis via Akt/GSK-3β regulating pathway.
{"title":"Thujone improves glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through activation of Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway -","authors":"H. Alkhateeb","doi":"10.5455/JEIM.260115.OR.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEIM.260115.OR.122","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Thujone, a main constituent of medicinal herbs, has been shown to have antidiabetic properties. Therefore the primary objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism(s) by which thujone ameliorates diabetes and insulin resistance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Thereafter, rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control rats; STZ diabetic rats; STZ diabetic rats that received thujone by daily oral administration (60 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood sample was collected for determination of plasma glucose and insulin levels. Then, rats were sacrificed and liver was removed for further analysis, i.e. liver glycogen, Akt, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and glycogen synthase (GS). Results: The results revealed that STZ administration resulted in significant elevation of the plasma glucose level and GS phosphorylation. In contrast, plasma insulin level and phosphorylation of both Akt and GSK-3β were inhibited as compared with control. Feeding the STZ-diabetic rats for 4 weeks with thujone normalized glucose level, but failed to normalize insulin level. These effects were accompanied with elevation in the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3 β. Moreover, the phosphorylation of GS was lower than the control group after thujone administration. Conclusion: These results clearly demonstrate that thujone exhibits a hypoglycemic effect in vivo that could be attributed, at least in part, to increasing hepatic glycogen synthesis via Akt/GSK-3β regulating pathway.","PeriodicalId":16091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental and Integrative Medicine","volume":"111 1","pages":"30-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78596857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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