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2011 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)最新文献

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Physical and electrical characterization of Germanium or Tellurium rich GexTe1−x for phase change memories 富锗或富碲geexte1−x相变存储器的物理和电学特性
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044227
N. Pashkov, G. Navarro, J. Bastien, M. Suri, L. Perniola, V. Sousa, S. Maitrejean, A. Persico, A. Roule, A. Toffoli, G. Reimbold, B. De Salvo, O. Faynot, P. Zuliani, R. Annunziata
This paper intends to provide an overview of electrical performances of GexTe1−x with different proportions of Germanium or Tellurium for phase-change memories. Germanium-rich as well as Tellurium-rich phase-change materials have been integrated in simple test devices and programming characteristics, data retention and endurance performances are thoroughly analyzed. Tellurium-rich GeTe alloys exhibit stable programming characteristics that can sustain endurance test up to 1e7 cycles, while Germanium-rich GeTe, probably triggered by Ge segregation, shows an unstable RESET state during repeated write/erase cycles. Data retention on fresh devices is best for out-of-stoichiometry GeTe.
本文综述了含不同比例锗和碲的相变存储器的电气性能。在简单的测试装置中集成了富锗和富碲相变材料,并对编程特性、数据保留和耐用性能进行了深入分析。富碲GeTe合金表现出稳定的编程特性,可以承受高达1e7次循环的耐久性测试,而富锗GeTe合金可能是由锗偏析触发的,在重复的写/擦除循环中表现出不稳定的RESET状态。在新设备上保存数据对于非化学计量GeTe是最好的。
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引用次数: 5
Impact of isolation scheme on thermal resistance and collector-substrate capacitance of SiGe HBTs
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044189
S. You, S. Decoutere, S. Van Huylenbroeck, A. Sibaja-Hernandez, R. Venegas, K. De Meyer
Various isolation schemes consisting of junction isolation, silicon pedestal isolation, deep trench isolation (DTI), airgap deep trench isolation and SOI with DTI are compared in terms of thermal resistance (RTH) and collector-substrate capacitance (CCS). Although to some extent RTH and CCS can be traded, airgap DTI and especially pedestal isolation perform very well, because the former results in strong reduction of CCS, while the latter results in strong reduction of RTH.
从热阻(RTH)和集电极-衬底电容(CCS)两方面比较了结隔离、硅基隔离、深沟槽隔离(DTI)、气隙深沟槽隔离和带DTI的SOI隔离方案。虽然在一定程度上RTH和CCS可以互换,但气隙DTI,特别是基座隔离性能非常好,因为前者导致强烈的CCS降低,而后者导致强烈的RTH降低。
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引用次数: 3
Trench depth optimization for energy efficient discrete power trench MOSFETs 高能效分立功率沟槽mosfet的沟槽深度优化
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044177
O. Alatise, N. Parker-Allotey, M. Jennings, P. Mawby, I. Kennedy, G. Petkos
Power losses are investigated in trench MOSFETs as functions of trench depth and switching frequency. MOSFETs with different trench depths are fabricated and characterized. Measurements show that gate charge and capacitance increases with trench depth thereby increasing switching losses. However, conduction losses reduce with increasing trench depth because of higher gate-modulated accumulation charge at the drain. Since switching losses increase with frequency, the trade-off between the conduction and switching losses for different trench depths will be determined by the switching frequency. In conclusion, deep-trench MOSFETs outperform shallow-trench MOSFETs at low frequencies and become outperformed by the latter at high frequencies.
研究了沟槽mosfet的功率损耗随沟槽深度和开关频率的变化规律。制备了不同沟槽深度的mosfet,并对其进行了表征。测量结果表明,栅极电荷和电容随着沟槽深度的增加而增加,从而增加了开关损耗。然而,随着沟槽深度的增加,由于漏极处栅极调制积累电荷的增加,导通损耗减小。由于开关损耗随频率增加而增加,因此不同沟槽深度的导通和开关损耗之间的权衡将由开关频率决定。总之,深沟mosfet在低频时优于浅沟mosfet,在高频时优于浅沟mosfet。
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引用次数: 0
AlN-based MEMS devices for vibrational energy harvesting applications 用于振动能量采集的基于aln的MEMS器件
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044220
A. Bertacchini, S. Scorcioni, D. Dondi, L. Larcher, P. Pavan, M. Todaro, A. Campa, G. Caretto, S. Petroni, A. Passaseo, M. de Vittorio
This paper presents a new AlN-based MEMS devices suitable for vibrational energy harvesting applications. Due to their particular shape and unlike traditional cantilever which efficiently harvest energy only if subjected to stimulus in the proper direction, the proposed devices have 3D generation capabilities solving the problem of device orientation and placement in real applications. Thanks to their particular shape, the realized devices present more than one fundamental resonance frequencies in a range comprised between 500 Hz and 1.5 kHz, with a voltage generation higher than 300μV and an output power up to 0.4 pW for single MEMS device.
本文提出了一种适用于振动能量采集的新型aln基MEMS器件。由于其特殊的形状,与传统悬臂梁不同,传统悬臂梁只有在适当的方向上受到刺激才能有效地收集能量,因此所提出的设备具有3D生成能力,解决了实际应用中设备方向和放置的问题。由于其特殊的形状,所实现的器件在500 Hz至1.5 kHz范围内具有多个基本谐振频率,单个MEMS器件的电压产生高于300μV,输出功率高达0.4 pW。
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引用次数: 20
A study on poly-Si thin-film transistor (TFT) SONOS memory cells with source/drain engineering 基于源漏工程的多晶硅薄膜晶体管(TFT) SONOS存储单元研究
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044200
B. Tsui, Jui-Yao Lai
Poly-Si thin-film transistor SONOS memory cells with various source/drain junctions are studied comprehensively. For pure Schottky-barrier junction, the overlap between source/drain and gate is critical. A 2-nm underlap results in high tunneling resistance and thus poor programming efficiency. Suitable designed modified-Schottky-barrier junction can improve programming speed by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling while keeping erase and retention performance unaltered. The main degradation mechanism during endurance test is attributed to interface state generation and tunneling layer degradation. After improving the quality of the tunneling layer, the modified Schottky barrier junction would be a promising choice for 3-dimentional poly-Si memory.
对具有多种源漏结的多晶硅薄膜晶体管SONOS存储单元进行了全面研究。对于纯肖特基势垒结,源极/漏极和栅极之间的重叠是至关重要的。2nm的欠迭导致高隧穿阻力,从而导致编程效率低下。设计合适的修正肖特基势垒结可以在保持擦除和保留性能不变的情况下提高Fowler-Nordheim隧道编程速度。耐久性试验过程中的主要退化机制是界面态的产生和隧道层的退化。在提高隧道层的质量后,改进的肖特基势垒结将成为三维多晶硅存储器的一种有前途的选择。
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引用次数: 2
High-frequency analog GNR-FET design criteria 高频模拟GNR-FET设计准则
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044174
I. Imperiale, A. Gnudi, E. Gnani, S. Reggiani, G. Baccarani
Some key aspects of the behavior of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) FETs for high-frequency analog applications are identified and discussed by means of a simulation study based on a full-quantum ballistic transport model. GNRs of width in the order of 10 nm are considered, where the small band-gap and the consequent leakage currents due to band-to-band-tunneling (BTBT) require a careful design. Simulations performed with a realistic model for source/drain metal contacts indicate that a proper choice of the drain doping profile can partially suppress BTBT currents. A 40-nm gate-length 2-nm SiO2 gate-dielectric GNR-FET can achieve a peak small-signal voltage gain of about 30 and a cut-off frequency well above 1 THz.
通过基于全量子弹道输运模型的仿真研究,确定并讨论了用于高频模拟应用的石墨烯纳米带场效应管(GNR)行为的一些关键方面。考虑宽度为10 nm的gnr,其中小带隙和由此引起的带间隧道(BTBT)泄漏电流需要仔细设计。用一个真实的源极/漏极金属触点模型进行的模拟表明,适当选择漏极掺杂谱可以部分抑制BTBT电流。一个40 nm门长2 nm SiO2门介电态GNR-FET可以实现约30的峰值小信号电压增益和远高于1太赫兹的截止频率。
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引用次数: 6
X-ray radiation effect on CMOS imagers with in-pixel buried-channel source follower 嵌入式通道源跟随器对CMOS成像仪x射线辐射的影响
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044211
Yue Chen, J. Tan, Xinyang Wang, A. Mierop, A. Theuwissen
This paper presents a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with pinned-photodiode 5T active pixels which use an in-pixel buried channel source follower (BSF) with an optimized row selector (RS). According to our previous work [1][2], using in-pixel BSFs with optimized RS can achieve significant pixel dark random noise reduction, i.e. 50% reduction, specially for random telegraph signal (RTS) noise, and an increase of the pixel output swing and dynamic range. With significant dark random noise reduction, in order to evaluate the performance for perspective space or medical imaging application, this proposed pixel structure using 0.18μm CMOS image sensor process is also further characterized under X-ray radiation. The results show that although X-ray radiation induced additional acceptor-like interface traps will increase dark random noise, the BSF pixels are able to constrain the dark random noise increase after X-ray radiation.
本文提出了一种具有针脚光电二极管5T有源像素的CMOS图像传感器(CIS),该传感器使用具有优化行选择器(RS)的像素内埋式通道源跟随器(BSF)。根据我们之前的工作[1][2],使用优化RS的像素内bsf可以实现显着的像素暗随机噪声降低,即降低50%,特别是随机电报信号(RTS)噪声,并且增加了像素输出摆动和动态范围。为了评估其在透视空间或医学成像应用中的性能,本文还对采用0.18μm CMOS图像传感器工艺的像素结构在x射线辐射下进行了进一步表征。结果表明,虽然x射线辐射诱导的附加类受体界面陷阱会增加暗随机噪声,但BSF像元能够抑制x射线辐射后暗随机噪声的增加。
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引用次数: 3
Thermally robust atomic layer deposited ZrO2 gate dielectric films upon the post-deposition annealing 热鲁棒原子层通过沉积后退火沉积了ZrO2栅极介电膜
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044232
H. Jung, Hyo Kyeom Kim, Sang Young Lee, N. Lee, T. Park, C. Hwang
The effects of post-deposition annealing (PDA) on the electrical characteristics of ZrO2 and HfO2 gate dielectric films were investigated. After PDA at 600°C, the insulating properties of ZrO2 were improved, while those of HfO2 were deteriorated. The improved insulating properties of ZrO2 are attributed to both the negligible increase of interfacial layer (IL) thickness and the transformation of its crystalline structure to the tetragonal phase. The degraded insulating properties of HfO2 after PDA at high temperatures were due to the abrupt increase of IL thickness and the generation of current paths through grain boundaries. The different IL growth between HfO2 and ZrO2 after PDA could be understood from the different formation energy of oxygen interstitials in the two dielectric films.
研究了沉积后退火对ZrO2和HfO2栅极介质薄膜电学特性的影响。经600℃PDA处理后,ZrO2的绝缘性能得到改善,而HfO2的绝缘性能则变差。ZrO2绝缘性能的提高是由于界面层(IL)厚度的增加和晶体结构向四方相的转变。高温下PDA后HfO2的绝缘性能下降是由于IL厚度的突然增加和通过晶界的电流路径的产生。HfO2和ZrO2在PDA后IL生长的差异可以从两种介质膜中氧间隙形成能的不同来理解。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of large-scale non-uniformities in a 20k TDC/SPAD array integrated in a 130nm CMOS process 集成在130nm CMOS工艺中的20k TDC/SPAD阵列的大规模非均匀性表征
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044167
C. Veerappan, J. Richardson, R. Walker, Day-Uei Li, M. Fishburn, D. Stoppa, F. Borghetti, Yuki Maruyama, M. Gersbach, R. Henderson, C. Bruschini, E. Charbon
With the emergence of large arrays of high-functionality pixels, it has become critical to characterize the performance non-uniformity of such arrays. In this paper we characterize a 160×128 array of complex pixels, each with a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) and a time-to-digital converter (TDC). A study of the array's non-uniformities in terms of the timing resolution, jitter, and photon responsivity is conducted for the pixels at various illumination levels, temperatures, and other operating conditions. In the study we found that, in photon-starved operation, the TDCs exhibit a median resolution of 55ps and a standard deviation of 2 ps. The pixels show a median timing jitter of 140ps. Moreover, we measured negligible variations in photon responsivity while changing the number of active pixels. These findings suggest that the image sensor can be used in highly reliable, large-scale, time-correlated measurements of single photons for biological, molecular, and medical applications. The chip is especially valuable for time-resolved imaging, single-photon counting, and correlation-spectroscopy under many realistic operating conditions.
随着高功能像素的大型阵列的出现,表征这些阵列的性能不均匀性变得至关重要。在本文中,我们描述了一个160×128复杂像素阵列,每个像素都有一个单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)和一个时间-数字转换器(TDC)。研究了阵列在不同光照水平、温度和其他操作条件下的时序分辨率、抖动和光子响应性的不均匀性。在研究中,我们发现,在光子匮乏的操作中,tdc显示出55ps的中位数分辨率和2ps的标准偏差。像素显示出140ps的中位数时序抖动。此外,当改变活动像素的数量时,我们测量到光子响应性的变化可以忽略不计。这些发现表明,该图像传感器可用于生物、分子和医学应用中高度可靠、大规模、时间相关的单光子测量。在许多实际操作条件下,该芯片在时间分辨成像、单光子计数和相关光谱学方面特别有价值。
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引用次数: 20
Holed MEM resonators with high aspect ratio, for high accuracy frequency trimming 具有高宽高比的孔MEM谐振器,用于高精度的频率微调
Pub Date : 2011-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/ESSDERC.2011.6044219
Y. Civet, S. Basrour, F. Casset, B. Icard, D. Mercier, J. Carpentier, J. Bustos, F. Leverd
This paper deals with a new compensation method to insure Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEM) resonators frequency accuracy. We report new results of modeling, fabrication and characterization of MEM resonators frequency compensated fulfilling industry requirements respect to CMOS compatibility and collective correction. Both clamped-clamped beam and bulk mode resonators presenting compensation holes are treated.
提出了一种保证微机电谐振器频率精度的补偿方法。我们报告了MEM谐振器频率补偿的建模,制造和表征的新结果,满足了CMOS兼容性和集体校正方面的行业要求。对具有补偿孔的箝位-箝位光束和体模谐振器进行了处理。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2011 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Device Research Conference (ESSDERC)
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