Danielle K. Leeper, Amal Noureldin, Katie Julien, Phillip M. Campbell, Peter H. Buschang
Aim
To determine whether caries risk factors, including cariogenic bacterial levels and salivary function, can be used to identify orthodontic patients who develop white spot lesions (WSL).
Methods
This prospective case-control study comprised 50 patients 11-17 years of age, including 25 controls and 25 cases who developed new WSL during treatment. WSL, oral hygiene and fluorosis were evaluated from intraoral photographs. The biofilm was assessed with bacterial cultures and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence. Salivary analyses were performed to determine the pH of saliva and flow rates. A survey was used to assess snacking frequency, oral hygiene and fluoride utilization.
Results
There were no between-group pretreatment differences in WSL. Cases reported eating sugary foods significantly more often than the controls. There was a significant decline in oral hygiene during treatment, with no significant between-group difference. There also were no statistically significant between-group differences in the amount of saliva, buffer, ATP bioluminescence and bacterial levels. Both groups showed lower than normal buffer capacity and high bacterial levels.
Conclusion
Cases had greater sugar intake between meals than controls. ATP bioluminescence, Streptococcus mutans levels with Saliva Check Mutans, and salivary factors do not identify patients who develop WSL.
{"title":"Risk assessments in orthodontic patients developing white spot lesions","authors":"Danielle K. Leeper, Amal Noureldin, Katie Julien, Phillip M. Campbell, Peter H. Buschang","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12470","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12470","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether caries risk factors, including cariogenic bacterial levels and salivary function, can be used to identify orthodontic patients who develop white spot lesions (WSL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective case-control study comprised 50 patients 11-17 years of age, including 25 controls and 25 cases who developed new WSL during treatment. WSL, oral hygiene and fluorosis were evaluated from intraoral photographs. The biofilm was assessed with bacterial cultures and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence. Salivary analyses were performed to determine the pH of saliva and flow rates. A survey was used to assess snacking frequency, oral hygiene and fluoride utilization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no between-group pretreatment differences in WSL. Cases reported eating sugary foods significantly more often than the controls. There was a significant decline in oral hygiene during treatment, with no significant between-group difference. There also were no statistically significant between-group differences in the amount of saliva, buffer, ATP bioluminescence and bacterial levels. Both groups showed lower than normal buffer capacity and high bacterial levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cases had greater sugar intake between meals than controls. ATP bioluminescence, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> levels with Saliva Check Mutans, and salivary factors do not identify patients who develop WSL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48848364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Swetha Acharya, Prashant Prabhu, Vidya S. Patil, Anirudh B. Acharya, Krithi Nikhil
Aim
To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 (Fn14) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to elucidate the possible role of TWEAK-Fn14 in OSCC development.
Methods
Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK-Fn14 was performed on 61 oral mucosal samples: healthy oral mucosa (HOM; N = 15); oral dysplastic lesions (ODL; N = 15); and OSCC (N = 31). Extent of staining (ES) and immunoreactive score (IRS) were assessed. The data was statistically analyzed.
Results
All OSCC expressed TWEAK, and the Fn14 expression was noted in 90% of OSCC. A significant difference in the TWEAK and Fn14 expression was noted among the groups. ES and IRS of TWEAK-Fn14 significantly increased in OSCC compared with ODL and HOM. ES of TWEAK was significantly higher than Fn14 in all 3 groups. ES of TWEAK-Fn14 was significantly higher at the invasive tumor front (ITF) than in the whole tumor. TWEAK-Fn14 showed a significant association with clinicopathological parameters of prognostic significance.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that TWEAK and Fn14 may participate in the growth and progression of OSCC. Increased expression of TWEAK-Fn14 at the ITF may facilitate increased proliferation, altered differentiation and invasion.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its implications","authors":"Swetha Acharya, Prashant Prabhu, Vidya S. Patil, Anirudh B. Acharya, Krithi Nikhil","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12469","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12469","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate early response protein 14 (Fn14) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to elucidate the possible role of TWEAK-Fn14 in OSCC development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunohistochemistry for TWEAK-Fn14 was performed on 61 oral mucosal samples: healthy oral mucosa (HOM; N = 15); oral dysplastic lesions (ODL; N = 15); and OSCC (N = 31). Extent of staining (ES) and immunoreactive score (IRS) were assessed. The data was statistically analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All OSCC expressed TWEAK, and the Fn14 expression was noted in 90% of OSCC. A significant difference in the TWEAK and Fn14 expression was noted among the groups. ES and IRS of TWEAK-Fn14 significantly increased in OSCC compared with ODL and HOM. ES of TWEAK was significantly higher than Fn14 in all 3 groups. ES of TWEAK-Fn14 was significantly higher at the invasive tumor front (ITF) than in the whole tumor. TWEAK-Fn14 showed a significant association with clinicopathological parameters of prognostic significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest that TWEAK and Fn14 may participate in the growth and progression of OSCC. Increased expression of TWEAK-Fn14 at the ITF may facilitate increased proliferation, altered differentiation and invasion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47908970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bennett T. Amaechi, Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees, Suchitra Menon, Hariyali Kasundra
Aim
Oral malodor is a common condition caused by some Gram-negative oral bacteria, among which are the 3 red complex bacteria (RCB). The present study investigated the effectiveness of the Ultrasound Tongue Scraper (UTS) to disrupt the structural morphology of the bacteria and their biofilm.
Methods
While developing over 72 hours, multispecies biofilms of RCB (Porphromonas gingivalis, Tryponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia) were treated every 24 hours with 1.6-MHz ultrasound waves generated with UTS. An untreated group served as controls. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to determine the biofilm thickness, biomass and live : dead cell ratio at each time point (24, 48 and 72 hours). Biofilm morphology and bacteria ultrastructure were viewed using scanning/transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests.
Results
At each time point, the 3 variables were significantly lower in treated samples than the untreated. Significant biofilm disruption was observed in treated samples at each time period while the untreated had intact biofilm morphology. Cells in treated samples showed disrupted cell wall, cytoplasmic material, huge vacuoles and heterogeneity in electron density, while these cell organelles remained intact in untreated samples.
Conclusion
The UTS has an inhibitory effect on RCB and could be useful for oral malodor management.
{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the effects of Ultrasound Tongue Scraper on bacteria and biofilm formation","authors":"Bennett T. Amaechi, Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees, Suchitra Menon, Hariyali Kasundra","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12471","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12471","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral malodor is a common condition caused by some Gram-negative oral bacteria, among which are the 3 red complex bacteria (RCB). The present study investigated the effectiveness of the Ultrasound Tongue Scraper (UTS) to disrupt the structural morphology of the bacteria and their biofilm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While developing over 72 hours, multispecies biofilms of RCB (<i>Porphromonas gingivalis</i>,<i> Tryponema denticola</i>,<i> Tannerella forsythia</i>) were treated every 24 hours with 1.6-MHz ultrasound waves generated with UTS. An untreated group served as controls. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to determine the biofilm thickness, biomass and live : dead cell ratio at each time point (24, 48 and 72 hours). Biofilm morphology and bacteria ultrastructure were viewed using scanning/transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At each time point, the 3 variables were significantly lower in treated samples than the untreated. Significant biofilm disruption was observed in treated samples at each time period while the untreated had intact biofilm morphology. Cells in treated samples showed disrupted cell wall, cytoplasmic material, huge vacuoles and heterogeneity in electron density, while these cell organelles remained intact in untreated samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The UTS has an inhibitory effect on RCB and could be useful for oral malodor management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46400263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joon Soo Park, Jilen Patel, Bhedita J. Seewoo, Nigel M. King, Robert P. Anthonappa
Aim
To outline the current literature surrounding natal teeth, and then, in a pilot study, to evaluate natal teeth using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to determine their anatomical profile, and compare and contrast different analytical methods to assess natal teeth.
Methods
2 extracted natal teeth (mandibular central incisors) and 1 exfoliated mandibular primary central incisor were subjected to micro-CT analysis.
Results
Within natal teeth, there were no statistical differences in tooth mineral density (TMD) of both enamel and dentine (P > .05), whereas mandibular primary central incisors had a significantly higher TMD of both enamel and dentine in comparison with both natal tooth 1 and natal tooth 2 (P < .05). Mandibular primary central incisors had a greater thickness and volume of both enamel and dentine, but exhibited lower pulpal space volume.
Conclusion
Micro-CT is an alternative and non-invasive method to anatomically assess natal teeth. According to the pilot study, natal teeth exhibited lower TMD, decreased enamel and dentine thickness, and smaller pulpal space volume in comparison with mandibular primary incisor teeth. This pilot study creates a foundation to establish the collection and analysis of natal teeth on a larger scale over time using micro-CT.
{"title":"Literature review and micro-computed tomography analysis of natal teeth: A pilot study","authors":"Joon Soo Park, Jilen Patel, Bhedita J. Seewoo, Nigel M. King, Robert P. Anthonappa","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12466","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To outline the current literature surrounding natal teeth, and then, in a pilot study, to evaluate natal teeth using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to determine their anatomical profile, and compare and contrast different analytical methods to assess natal teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2 extracted natal teeth (mandibular central incisors) and 1 exfoliated mandibular primary central incisor were subjected to micro-CT analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within natal teeth, there were no statistical differences in tooth mineral density (TMD) of both enamel and dentine (<i>P</i> > .05), whereas mandibular primary central incisors had a significantly higher TMD of both enamel and dentine in comparison with both natal tooth 1 and natal tooth 2 (<i>P</i> < .05). Mandibular primary central incisors had a greater thickness and volume of both enamel and dentine, but exhibited lower pulpal space volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micro-CT is an alternative and non-invasive method to anatomically assess natal teeth. According to the pilot study, natal teeth exhibited lower TMD, decreased enamel and dentine thickness, and smaller pulpal space volume in comparison with mandibular primary incisor teeth. This pilot study creates a foundation to establish the collection and analysis of natal teeth on a larger scale over time using micro-CT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48006943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-viscosity glass-ionomer cements (HV-GIC) are indicated for restorations but their viscosity favors the inclusion of bubbles within it. This study aimed to evaluate the use of ultrasonic and sonic waves in bubble formation, microhardness and fluoride release in a HV-GIC, also considering a different powder:liquid ratio (P/L).
Methods
Twenty-four molars with occlusal cavities were divided into four groups (N = 6): CG, HV-GIC with manual insertion; UG, application of ultrasonic waves; SG, application of sonic waves; and FG, HV-GIC fluid (1:2 P/L) with manual insertion. After 24 hours, bubbles and microhardness (50 g/5 s) were measured. Fluoride release (N = 10) was evaluated in CG, SG and UG after cariogenic challenge for 11 days. Microhardness, total area and number of bubbles, and fluoride release were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test. The average size of bubbles was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 5%).
Results
FG presented the lowest value of microhardness and higher average size for bubbles (P < .05). Differences concerning total number, total area occupied by bubbles and fluoride release were not found (P > .05).
Conclusion
The use of sonic and ultrasonic waves had no influence on bubble formation, microhardness and fluoride release of a HV-GIC. Changing the P/L is not recommended.
{"title":"Use of sonic waves in bubble formation, microhardness and fluoride release of a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement","authors":"Nallu Gomes Lima Hironaka, Juliana Quintino Trizzi, Natália Miwa Yoshida, Jaime Aparecido Cury, Cinthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury, Juliana Nunes Botelho, Nubia Inocencya Pavesi Pini, Renata Corrêa Pascotto","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12456","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12456","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-viscosity glass-ionomer cements (HV-GIC) are indicated for restorations but their viscosity favors the inclusion of bubbles within it. This study aimed to evaluate the use of ultrasonic and sonic waves in bubble formation, microhardness and fluoride release in a HV-GIC, also considering a different powder:liquid ratio (P/L).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four molars with occlusal cavities were divided into four groups (N = 6): CG, HV-GIC with manual insertion; UG, application of ultrasonic waves; SG, application of sonic waves; and FG, HV-GIC fluid (1:2 P/L) with manual insertion. After 24 hours, bubbles and microhardness (50 g/5 s) were measured. Fluoride release (N = 10) was evaluated in CG, SG and UG after cariogenic challenge for 11 days. Microhardness, total area and number of bubbles, and fluoride release were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test. The average size of bubbles was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FG presented the lowest value of microhardness and higher average size for bubbles (<i>P </i>< .05). Differences concerning total number, total area occupied by bubbles and fluoride release were not found (<i>P </i>> .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of sonic and ultrasonic waves had no influence on bubble formation, microhardness and fluoride release of a HV-GIC. Changing the P/L is not recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45786403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matheus Melo Pithon, Felipe Carvalho Souza Baião, Letícia Iandeyara Dantas de Andrade Sant´ Anna, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Lucianne Cople Maia
To seek scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of invisible aligners, in the aesthetic and functional aspects, compared with that of conventional braces. An electronic search was performed with a complementary grey literature search for in vivo research. No language restrictions were applied. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials and GreyLiterature databases were used. Studies were first selected by title and abstract; those potentially eligible were read in full. Non-randomized studies were assessed for risk of bias using the tools Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) and Cochrane Collaboration Common Scheme for Bias as a function of the presence of randomization. The search found 559 studies, of which 55 were potentially eligible. A total of 4 articles were included in this systematic literature review: three non-randomized controlled studies and one randomized controlled study, three with low risk of bias (RoB) and one with moderate RoB. Three studies showed time of correction of dental crowding shorter or equal to that of the control group and only one study showed less time of correction using conventional braces. Invisible aligners were deficient with respect to anterior/posterior and vertical corrections compared with fixed orthodontic appliances. Invisible aligners are effective in promoting dental alignment, but present clinical limitations in relation to the conventional system.
寻求科学证据支持隐形矫正器在美学和功能方面与传统矫正器相比的有效性。对体内研究进行了电子检索和补充灰色文献检索。没有语言限制。使用Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane、ClinicalTrials和GreyLiterature数据库。研究首先按标题和摘要进行选择；那些可能符合条件的人被完整地阅读了。使用非随机研究方法学指数（MINORS）和Cochrane协作常见偏倚方案作为随机存在的函数，评估非随机研究的偏倚风险。搜索发现559项研究，其中55项可能符合条件。本系统文献综述共收录了4篇文章：三项非随机对照研究和一项随机对照研究，三项具有低偏倚风险（RoB），一项具有中度RoB。三项研究表明，矫正牙齿拥挤的时间比对照组更短或相等，只有一项研究表明使用传统牙套矫正的时间更短。与固定正畸矫治器相比，隐形矫正器在前/后和垂直矫正方面存在缺陷。隐形矫正器在促进牙齿对齐方面是有效的，但与传统系统相比存在临床局限性。
{"title":"Assessment of the effectiveness of invisible aligners compared with conventional appliance in aesthetic and functional orthodontic treatment: A systematic review","authors":"Matheus Melo Pithon, Felipe Carvalho Souza Baião, Letícia Iandeyara Dantas de Andrade Sant´ Anna, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Lucianne Cople Maia","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12455","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12455","url":null,"abstract":"To seek scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of invisible aligners, in the aesthetic and functional aspects, compared with that of conventional braces. An electronic search was performed with a complementary grey literature search for in vivo research. No language restrictions were applied. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials and GreyLiterature databases were used. Studies were first selected by title and abstract; those potentially eligible were read in full. Non-randomized studies were assessed for risk of bias using the tools Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) and Cochrane Collaboration Common Scheme for Bias as a function of the presence of randomization. The search found 559 studies, of which 55 were potentially eligible. A total of 4 articles were included in this systematic literature review: three non-randomized controlled studies and one randomized controlled study, three with low risk of bias (RoB) and one with moderate RoB. Three studies showed time of correction of dental crowding shorter or equal to that of the control group and only one study showed less time of correction using conventional braces. Invisible aligners were deficient with respect to anterior/posterior and vertical corrections compared with fixed orthodontic appliances. Invisible aligners are effective in promoting dental alignment, but present clinical limitations in relation to the conventional system.","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12455","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49033514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis to the surface of interim prostheses that were treated or not treated with a light-activated glaze, and subjected or not subjected to a thermocycling procedure.
Methods
36 specimens of each resin were divided into 4 groups: heat-activated acrylic resin; chemically-activated acrylic resin; bis-acryl composite resin (Protemp; 3M ESPE); and bis-GMA (Charisma; Heraeus Kulzer). Half of the specimens underwent application of glaze and the other half underwent mechanical polishing. Specimens were randomly distributed into groups (N = 9) with and without thermocycling (2000 cycles). Surface energy, roughness and microbiological analyses were performed.
Results
Groups treated with glaze showed lower roughness when compared with the same groups without glaze treatment, before and after thermocycling, except for the bis-acryl groups after thermocycling. Surface energy values were higher in the groups treated with glaze, except the bis-acryl group before and after thermocycling. After thermocycling, the values of bacterial adhesion decreased numerically, with the exception of the chemically-activated acrylic resin group treated with glaze and the heat-activated acrylic resin group without glaze treatment.
Conclusion
The application of glaze and the thermocycling do not influence, in a statistically significant manner, the bacterial adhesion on polymer surfaces.
目的:本研究旨在研究经光活化釉处理或未经热循环处理的临时假体表面的血链球菌粘附性。方法每种树脂36份标本分为4组:热活化丙烯酸树脂组;化学活化丙烯酸树脂;双丙烯酸酯复合树脂(Protemp;3 m ESPE);和bis-GMA (Charisma);贺利氏Kulzer)。一半的标本进行了上釉，另一半进行了机械抛光。将标本随机分为有热循环和无热循环两组(N = 9)，各2000个循环。表面能，粗糙度和微生物分析。结果在热循环前后，除双丙烯酸基团外，釉处理组的表面粗糙度均低于未处理组。除热循环前后的双丙烯酸基团外，釉料处理组的表面能值均较高。热循环后，除经釉处理的化学活化丙烯酸树脂组和未经釉处理的热活化丙烯酸树脂组外，细菌粘附力数值均下降。结论釉料的应用和热循环对细菌在聚合物表面的粘附无显著影响。
{"title":"Influence of a light-activated glaze on the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis to the surface of polymers used in fabrication of interim prostheses","authors":"Daniela Micheline dos Santos, Betina Chiarelo Commar, Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva, Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão, Adaias Oliveira Matos, Marcelo Coelho Goiato","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12452","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12452","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the adhesion of <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> to the surface of interim prostheses that were treated or not treated with a light-activated glaze, and subjected or not subjected to a thermocycling procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>36 specimens of each resin were divided into 4 groups: heat-activated acrylic resin; chemically-activated acrylic resin; bis-acryl composite resin (Protemp; 3M ESPE); and bis-GMA (Charisma; Heraeus Kulzer). Half of the specimens underwent application of glaze and the other half underwent mechanical polishing. Specimens were randomly distributed into groups (N = 9) with and without thermocycling (2000 cycles). Surface energy, roughness and microbiological analyses were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Groups treated with glaze showed lower roughness when compared with the same groups without glaze treatment, before and after thermocycling, except for the bis-acryl groups after thermocycling. Surface energy values were higher in the groups treated with glaze, except the bis-acryl group before and after thermocycling. After thermocycling, the values of bacterial adhesion decreased numerically, with the exception of the chemically-activated acrylic resin group treated with glaze and the heat-activated acrylic resin group without glaze treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The application of glaze and the thermocycling do not influence, in a statistically significant manner, the bacterial adhesion on polymer surfaces.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43644036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral carcinogenesis cascade is a complex process, characterized by variable numbers of genetic and epigenetic alterations of various genes with manifold roles that could serve as biological hallmarks. This study was undertaken to assess the protein expression of SOX2 and podoplanin in oral epithelial dysplasia and correlate the expression with clinicopathological parameters and risk of malignant transformation.
Methods
SOX2 and podoplanin expression were analyzed in 60 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia. The association between SOX2 and podoplanin expression with various clinicopathological parameters and transformation to oral cancer was analyzed.
Results
A higher Histoscore was seen in 55% of moderate and 30% of severe dysplasia. 25% of the cases showed a negative podoplanin expression and 30% of patients had higher podoplanin expression (score 2 and 3). Though there was significant association of both SOX2 and podoplanin expression with the degree of dysplasia, the association of their expression with transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion
Alteration in SOX2 and podoplanin is likely an important event in head and neck carcinogenesis; however, their expression may be valuable only in a few cases of oral epithelial dysplasia to assess the risk of malignant transformation.
{"title":"Evaluation of SOX2 and podoplanin expression in oral epithelial dysplasia and its correlation with malignant transformation","authors":"Vani Verma, Chetana Chandrashekar","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12450","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12450","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral carcinogenesis cascade is a complex process, characterized by variable numbers of genetic and epigenetic alterations of various genes with manifold roles that could serve as biological hallmarks. This study was undertaken to assess the protein expression of SOX2 and podoplanin in oral epithelial dysplasia and correlate the expression with clinicopathological parameters and risk of malignant transformation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SOX2 and podoplanin expression were analyzed in 60 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia. The association between SOX2 and podoplanin expression with various clinicopathological parameters and transformation to oral cancer was analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A higher Histoscore was seen in 55% of moderate and 30% of severe dysplasia. 25% of the cases showed a negative podoplanin expression and 30% of patients had higher podoplanin expression (score 2 and 3). Though there was significant association of both SOX2 and podoplanin expression with the degree of dysplasia, the association of their expression with transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma did not reach statistical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alteration in SOX2 and podoplanin is likely an important event in head and neck carcinogenesis; however, their expression may be valuable only in a few cases of oral epithelial dysplasia to assess the risk of malignant transformation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44927583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) matrices are compared with regard to their ability to retain and release growth factors. Although this ability is thought to influence regenerative outcomes, it remains unclear how it is regulated. To address this question, we compared advanced PRF (A-PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) matrices in terms of distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor-β1, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP9).
Methods
Blood samples were obtained in glass tubes and immediately centrifuged to prepare A-PRF or CGF matrix according to their specific protocols. Both matrices were compressed, embedded in paraffin and subjected to immunohistochemical examination.
Results
Leukocytes and plasma proteins were localized on the distal surface including the interface corresponding to buffy coat. In A-PRF, platelets were distributed homogenously, while growth factors and fibronectin were localized on the proximal surface and MMP9 was mainly colocalized with leukocytes. In CGF, in contrast, platelets were localized on and below the distal surface like leukocytes, growth factors were diffused homogenously and MMP9 was found in the plasma protein layers.
Conclusion
Although these preparations do not allow accurate quantification, platelet counts and growth factor levels seemed higher and leukocytes were less activated in A-PRF. This may explain A-PRF’s higher ability to release growth factors.
{"title":"Distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor-β1, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease-9 in advanced platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor matrices","authors":"Akira Takahashi, Tetsuhiro Tsujino, Sadahiro Yamaguchi, Kazushige Isobe, Taisuke Watanabe, Yutaka Kitamura, Kazuhiro Okuda, Koh Nakata, Tomoyuki Kawase","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12458","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12458","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) matrices are compared with regard to their ability to retain and release growth factors. Although this ability is thought to influence regenerative outcomes, it remains unclear how it is regulated. To address this question, we compared advanced PRF (A-PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) matrices in terms of distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor-β1, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP9).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood samples were obtained in glass tubes and immediately centrifuged to prepare A-PRF or CGF matrix according to their specific protocols. Both matrices were compressed, embedded in paraffin and subjected to immunohistochemical examination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leukocytes and plasma proteins were localized on the distal surface including the interface corresponding to buffy coat. In A-PRF, platelets were distributed homogenously, while growth factors and fibronectin were localized on the proximal surface and MMP9 was mainly colocalized with leukocytes. In CGF, in contrast, platelets were localized on and below the distal surface like leukocytes, growth factors were diffused homogenously and MMP9 was found in the plasma protein layers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although these preparations do not allow accurate quantification, platelet counts and growth factor levels seemed higher and leukocytes were less activated in A-PRF. This may explain A-PRF’s higher ability to release growth factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47063588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichen planus is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated mucocutaneous disorder affecting the skin and mucosa. The role of mast cells in the genesis of lichen planus has been debated. Establishing a definitive part played by mast cells and its degranulation would possibly provide a permanent, cost-effective treatment modality for oral lichen planus (OLP). This review aims to study the expression of mast cells qualitatively and quantitatively in OLP. The research questions were framed to assess the mast cell count, localization within the epithelium basement membrane zone and degranulation of mast cells. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and Web of Science. We found a total of 120 studies from which 12 were found suitable for the review. There is a marked increase in the number of mast cells in OLP. The mast cells were seen in increased numbers in the epithelial and connective tissue junction at areas of basement membrane disruption. There was also an increase in the degranulation of mast cells. It is evident that there is an increase in the mast cell number in lichen planus and its subsequent degranulation.
扁平苔藓是一种常见的慢性炎症性免疫介导的皮肤粘膜疾病，影响皮肤和粘膜。肥大细胞在扁平苔藓发生中的作用一直存在争议。确定肥大细胞及其脱颗粒所起的决定性作用可能为口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）提供一种永久性、成本效益高的治疗方式。本综述旨在对肥大细胞在OLP中的表达进行定性和定量研究。研究问题旨在评估肥大细胞计数、上皮基底膜区内的定位和肥大细胞的脱颗粒。我们对PubMed、Medline、Cochrane和Web of Science进行了系统搜索。我们总共发现了120项研究，其中12项适合进行审查。OLP中的肥大细胞数量显著增加。肥大细胞在基底膜破坏区域的上皮和结缔组织连接处数量增加。肥大细胞的脱颗粒也有所增加。很明显，扁平苔藓的肥大细胞数量增加，随后脱颗粒。
{"title":"Mast cell expression in oral lichen planus: A systematic review","authors":"Jayanth Kumar Vadivel, Meera Govindarajan, Elangovan Somasundaram, Arvind Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.1111/jicd.12457","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jicd.12457","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lichen planus is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated mucocutaneous disorder affecting the skin and mucosa. The role of mast cells in the genesis of lichen planus has been debated. Establishing a definitive part played by mast cells and its degranulation would possibly provide a permanent, cost-effective treatment modality for oral lichen planus (OLP). This review aims to study the expression of mast cells qualitatively and quantitatively in OLP. The research questions were framed to assess the mast cell count, localization within the epithelium basement membrane zone and degranulation of mast cells. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and Web of Science. We found a total of 120 studies from which 12 were found suitable for the review. There is a marked increase in the number of mast cells in OLP. The mast cells were seen in increased numbers in the epithelial and connective tissue junction at areas of basement membrane disruption. There was also an increase in the degranulation of mast cells. It is evident that there is an increase in the mast cell number in lichen planus and its subsequent degranulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/jicd.12457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45354923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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