Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041
Xiuling Wang, Li Niu, Huaipan Liu, Xucun Jia, Yulong Zhao, Qun Wang, Yali Zhao, Pengfei Dong, Moubiao Zhang, Hongping Li, Panpan An, Zhi Li, Xiaohuan Mu, Yongen Zhang, Chaohai Li
Waterlogging stress has been found to have adverse impacts on plant growth, subsequently reducing crop yields. Spermidine (Spd), a second messenger, positively affects the growth of plants under waterlogging stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of exogenous Spd application alleviating waterlogging stress remained unclear. In this study, we performed physiological analysis and multi-omics to underlying the effect of Spd application on waterlogging stress. Spd application increased genes expression level of light-harvesting complex (LHC) and photosynthesis-related and starch-related pathway, inhibited chlorophyll degradation and maintained higher photosynthetic rate, thus increased biomass accumulation under waterlogging stress. The activation of genes related trehalose and Spd biosynthesis would result in high accumulation of trehalose and endogenous Spd. Inhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACO,) expression contributed to reduced ethylene emission. All those changes increased maize resistance to waterlogging. After Spd sparying, auxin-related genes up-regulated and IAA content was increased, those favor cell elongation in maize and thus keep normal growth after Spd application under waterlogging stress. Most of genes involved in lipids were up-regulated and thus increased lipids content and protected cell membranes in maize after Spd application under waterlogging conditions. All those changes contributed to increasing the resistance to waterlogging stress. These findings broaden our understanding of the regulatory roles of Spd in alleviating waterlogging damage and will provide evidence for breeding waterlogging-tolerant maize varieties.
研究发现，水涝胁迫会对植物生长产生不利影响，进而降低作物产量。作为第二信使的精胺（Spd）对植物在涝胁迫下的生长有积极影响。然而，施用外源 Spd 缓解涝胁迫的分子机制仍不清楚。本研究通过生理学分析和多组学研究揭示了施用Spd对涝害胁迫的影响。结果表明，施用Spd能提高光收获复合物（LHC）、光合作用相关和淀粉相关途径基因的表达水平，抑制叶绿素降解，维持较高的光合速率，从而增加涝胁迫下的生物量积累。三卤糖和 Spd 生物合成相关基因的激活会导致三卤糖和内源 Spd 的大量积累。抑制 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）氧化酶（ACO）的表达有助于减少乙烯的释放。所有这些变化都增强了玉米的抗涝能力。施用Spd后，辅助素相关基因上调，IAA含量增加，有利于玉米细胞伸长，从而使玉米在涝胁迫下施用Spd后保持正常生长。在涝胁迫条件下施用Spd后，大部分涉及脂质的基因上调，从而增加了脂质含量，保护了玉米的细胞膜。所有这些变化都有助于提高玉米对水涝胁迫的抗性。这些发现拓宽了我们对 Spd 在减轻涝害中的调控作用的认识，并将为培育耐涝玉米品种提供证据。
{"title":"Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis provide insights into the alleviation of waterlogging stress in maize by exogenous spermidine application","authors":"Xiuling Wang, Li Niu, Huaipan Liu, Xucun Jia, Yulong Zhao, Qun Wang, Yali Zhao, Pengfei Dong, Moubiao Zhang, Hongping Li, Panpan An, Zhi Li, Xiaohuan Mu, Yongen Zhang, Chaohai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.041","url":null,"abstract":"Waterlogging stress has been found to have adverse impacts on plant growth, subsequently reducing crop yields. Spermidine (Spd), a second messenger, positively affects the growth of plants under waterlogging stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of exogenous Spd application alleviating waterlogging stress remained unclear. In this study, we performed physiological analysis and multi-omics to underlying the effect of Spd application on waterlogging stress. Spd application increased genes expression level of light-harvesting complex (LHC) and photosynthesis-related and starch-related pathway, inhibited chlorophyll degradation and maintained higher photosynthetic rate, thus increased biomass accumulation under waterlogging stress. The activation of genes related trehalose and Spd biosynthesis would result in high accumulation of trehalose and endogenous Spd. Inhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACO,) expression contributed to reduced ethylene emission. All those changes increased maize resistance to waterlogging. After Spd sparying, auxin-related genes up-regulated and IAA content was increased, those favor cell elongation in maize and thus keep normal growth after Spd application under waterlogging stress. Most of genes involved in lipids were up-regulated and thus increased lipids content and protected cell membranes in maize after Spd application under waterlogging conditions. All those changes contributed to increasing the resistance to waterlogging stress. These findings broaden our understanding of the regulatory roles of Spd in alleviating waterlogging damage and will provide evidence for breeding waterlogging-tolerant maize varieties.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038
Zijuan Ding, Ren Hu, Yuxian Cao, Jintao Li, Dakang Xiao, Jun Hou, Xuexia Wang
Controlled-release urea (CRU) is commonly used to improve the crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, few studies have investigated the effects of CRU in the ratoon rice system. Ratoon rice is the practice of obtaining a second harvest from tillers originating from the stubble of the previously harvested main crop. In this study, a 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design was conducted to determine the effects of CRU on the yield, NUE, and economic benefits of ratoon rice, including the main crop, to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization of ratoon rice. The experiment included four treatments: (i) no N fertilizer (CK); (ii) traditional practice with 5 applications of urea applied at different crop growth stages by surface broadcasting (FFP); (iii) one-time basal application of CRU (BF1); and (iv) one-time basal application of CRU combined with common urea (BF2). The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly increased the main crop yield by 17.47 and 15.99% in 2019, and by 17.91 and 16.44% in 2020, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF2 treatment achieved similar yield of the ratoon crop to the FFP treatment, whereas the BF1 treatment significantly increased the yield of the ratoon crop by 14.81% in 2019 and 12.21% in 2020 compared with the FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly improved the 2-year apparent N recovery efficiency, agronomic NUE, and partial factor productivity of applied N by 11.47–16.66, 27.31–44.49, and 9.23–15.60%, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments reduced the chalky rice rate and chalkiness of main and ratoon crops relative to the FFP treatment. Furthermore, emergy analysis showed that the production efficiency of the BF treatments was higher than that of the FFP treatment. The BF treatments reduced labor input due to reduced fertilization times and improved the economic benefits of ratoon rice. Compared with the FFP treatment, the BF1 and BF2 treatments increased the net income by 14.21–16.87 and 23.76–25.96%, respectively. Overall, the one-time blending use of CRU and common urea should be encouraged to achieve high yield, high nitrogen use efficiency, and good quality of ratoon rice, which has low labor input and low apparent N loss.
{"title":"Integrated assessment of yield, nitrogen use efficiency and ecosystem economic benefits of use of controlled-release and common urea in ratoon rice production","authors":"Zijuan Ding, Ren Hu, Yuxian Cao, Jintao Li, Dakang Xiao, Jun Hou, Xuexia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.038","url":null,"abstract":"Controlled-release urea (CRU) is commonly used to improve the crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, few studies have investigated the effects of CRU in the ratoon rice system. Ratoon rice is the practice of obtaining a second harvest from tillers originating from the stubble of the previously harvested main crop. In this study, a 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design was conducted to determine the effects of CRU on the yield, NUE, and economic benefits of ratoon rice, including the main crop, to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization of ratoon rice. The experiment included four treatments: (i) no N fertilizer (CK); (ii) traditional practice with 5 applications of urea applied at different crop growth stages by surface broadcasting (FFP); (iii) one-time basal application of CRU (BF1); and (iv) one-time basal application of CRU combined with common urea (BF2). The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly increased the main crop yield by 17.47 and 15.99% in 2019, and by 17.91 and 16.44% in 2020, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF2 treatment achieved similar yield of the ratoon crop to the FFP treatment, whereas the BF1 treatment significantly increased the yield of the ratoon crop by 14.81% in 2019 and 12.21% in 2020 compared with the FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments significantly improved the 2-year apparent N recovery efficiency, agronomic NUE, and partial factor productivity of applied N by 11.47–16.66, 27.31–44.49, and 9.23–15.60%, respectively, compared with FFP treatment. The BF1 and BF2 treatments reduced the chalky rice rate and chalkiness of main and ratoon crops relative to the FFP treatment. Furthermore, emergy analysis showed that the production efficiency of the BF treatments was higher than that of the FFP treatment. The BF treatments reduced labor input due to reduced fertilization times and improved the economic benefits of ratoon rice. Compared with the FFP treatment, the BF1 and BF2 treatments increased the net income by 14.21–16.87 and 23.76–25.96%, respectively. Overall, the one-time blending use of CRU and common urea should be encouraged to achieve high yield, high nitrogen use efficiency, and good quality of ratoon rice, which has low labor input and low apparent N loss.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044
Xianying Zeng, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen
The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries, driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to humans. In this article, we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and effectiveness. In addition, we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus, but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.
{"title":"Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza through vaccination1","authors":"Xianying Zeng, Jianzhong Shi, Hualan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.044","url":null,"abstract":"The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries, driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to humans. In this article, we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and effectiveness. In addition, we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus, but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.040
Xueliang Zhao, Yongqiang Miao, Hongmei Chen, Honghu Shan, Juan Wang, Yang Wang, Jianzhong Shen, Zengqi Yang
{"title":"Identification of a novel multi-drug resistant plasmid co-harbouring Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase resistance genes blaPER-4 and blaOXA-10 in Moellerella wisconsensis of sheep","authors":"Xueliang Zhao, Yongqiang Miao, Hongmei Chen, Honghu Shan, Juan Wang, Yang Wang, Jianzhong Shen, Zengqi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.043
Yan Li, Xingkui An, Shuang Shan, Xiaoqian Pang, Xiaohe Liu, Yang Sun, Adel Khashaveh, Yong-jun Zhang
The mirid bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous pest that affects a wide range of host plants. Its control remains challenging mainly due to its rapid reproduction, necessitating an understanding of sex pheromone communication. The recognition of sex pheromones is vital for courtship and mating behaviors, and is mediated by various chemosensory-associated proteins. Among these, sensory neuron membrane protein (SNMP), a CD36-related protein, is suggested to play crucial roles in detecting sex pheromones. In this study, we employed transcriptomic and genomic data from . and phylogenetic approaches, and identified four putative genes (, and ) with full open reading frames. Expression analysis revealed the ubiquitous presence of transcripts in multiple tissues, with only exhibiting male-biased expression in the antennae, suggesting its potential role in male chemosensation. Functional analysis using the oocyte expression system, coupled with two-electrode voltage clamp recording, demonstrated that the co-expression of AlucSNMP1a with specific pheromone receptors (PRs) and the co-receptor (Orco) significantly enhanced electrophysiological responses to sex pheromones compared to the co-expression of PRs and Orco alone. Moreover, the results indicated that the presence of AlucSNMP1a not only affected the responsiveness to sex pheromones but also influenced the kinetics (activation and inactivation) of the induced signals. In contrast, the co-expression of AlucSNMP1b with AlucPR/Orco complexes had no impact on the inward currents induced by two pheromone compounds. An examination of the selective pressures on genes across 20 species indicated strong purifying selection, implying potential functional conservation in various insects. These findings highlight the crucial role of AlucSNMP1a in the response to sex pheromones.
{"title":"Functional characterization of sensory neuron membrane protein 1a involved in sex pheromone detection of Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)","authors":"Yan Li, Xingkui An, Shuang Shan, Xiaoqian Pang, Xiaohe Liu, Yang Sun, Adel Khashaveh, Yong-jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.043","url":null,"abstract":"The mirid bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous pest that affects a wide range of host plants. Its control remains challenging mainly due to its rapid reproduction, necessitating an understanding of sex pheromone communication. The recognition of sex pheromones is vital for courtship and mating behaviors, and is mediated by various chemosensory-associated proteins. Among these, sensory neuron membrane protein (SNMP), a CD36-related protein, is suggested to play crucial roles in detecting sex pheromones. In this study, we employed transcriptomic and genomic data from . and phylogenetic approaches, and identified four putative genes (, and ) with full open reading frames. Expression analysis revealed the ubiquitous presence of transcripts in multiple tissues, with only exhibiting male-biased expression in the antennae, suggesting its potential role in male chemosensation. Functional analysis using the oocyte expression system, coupled with two-electrode voltage clamp recording, demonstrated that the co-expression of AlucSNMP1a with specific pheromone receptors (PRs) and the co-receptor (Orco) significantly enhanced electrophysiological responses to sex pheromones compared to the co-expression of PRs and Orco alone. Moreover, the results indicated that the presence of AlucSNMP1a not only affected the responsiveness to sex pheromones but also influenced the kinetics (activation and inactivation) of the induced signals. In contrast, the co-expression of AlucSNMP1b with AlucPR/Orco complexes had no impact on the inward currents induced by two pheromone compounds. An examination of the selective pressures on genes across 20 species indicated strong purifying selection, implying potential functional conservation in various insects. These findings highlight the crucial role of AlucSNMP1a in the response to sex pheromones.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apple replant disease is a complex soil syndrome that occurs when the same fields are used repeatedly as apple orchards. Causes include different pathogens, with () as the main pathogen. disrupts the structure and function of the orchard soil ecosystem and inhibits the growth and development of apple trees, significantly impacting the quality and yield of apples. In this study, we compared the transcriptomes of uninoculated apple saplings with those inoculated with . The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in processes such as response to symbiotic fungus and included several defensins. Plant defensins are antimicrobial peptides, but their roles during infection by remain unclear. We performed a genome-wide identification of apple defensin genes and identified 25 genes with the conserved motif of eight cysteine residues. In wild-type apple rootstock inoculated with , the root surface cells experienced severe damage, and significant differences were observed in the total root length, total root projection area, root tips, root forks, and the total root surface area compared to the control group. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that and were triggered in response to infection in apples. Subcellular localization showed specific expression of MdDEF3-YFP and MdDEF25-YFP proteins at the cell membrane. Overexpressing the fusion increased resistance against in apple, providing a new strategy for the future prevention and biological control of apple replant disease.
{"title":"Genome-wide investigation of defensin genes in apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) and in vivo analyses reveal that MdDEF25 confers resistance to Fusarium solani","authors":"Mengli Yang, Jian Jiao, Yiqi Liu, Ming Li, Yan Xia, Feifan Hou, Chuanmi Huang, Hengtao Zhang, Miaomiao Wang, Jiangli Shi, Ran Wan, Kunxi Zhang, Pengbo Hao, Tuanhui Bai, Chunhui Song, Jiancan Feng, Xianbo Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"Apple replant disease is a complex soil syndrome that occurs when the same fields are used repeatedly as apple orchards. Causes include different pathogens, with () as the main pathogen. disrupts the structure and function of the orchard soil ecosystem and inhibits the growth and development of apple trees, significantly impacting the quality and yield of apples. In this study, we compared the transcriptomes of uninoculated apple saplings with those inoculated with . The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in processes such as response to symbiotic fungus and included several defensins. Plant defensins are antimicrobial peptides, but their roles during infection by remain unclear. We performed a genome-wide identification of apple defensin genes and identified 25 genes with the conserved motif of eight cysteine residues. In wild-type apple rootstock inoculated with , the root surface cells experienced severe damage, and significant differences were observed in the total root length, total root projection area, root tips, root forks, and the total root surface area compared to the control group. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that and were triggered in response to infection in apples. Subcellular localization showed specific expression of MdDEF3-YFP and MdDEF25-YFP proteins at the cell membrane. Overexpressing the fusion increased resistance against in apple, providing a new strategy for the future prevention and biological control of apple replant disease.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monitoring agricultural drought using remote sensing data is crucial for precision irrigation in modern agriculture. Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing, this study explored the applicability of an empirical crop water stress index (CWSI) based on canopy temperature and three-dimensional drought indices (TDDI) constructed from surface temperature (), air temperature () and five vegetation indices (VIs) for monitoring the moisture status of dryland crops. Three machine learning algorithms (random forest regression [RFR], support vector regression, and partial least squares regression) were used to compare the performance of the drought indices for vegetation moisture content (VMC) estimation in sorghum and maize. The main results of the study were as follows: (1) Comparative analysis of the drought indices revealed that --Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (TDDIn) and --Enhanced Vegetation Index (TDDIe) were more strongly correlated with VMC compared with the other indices. The indices exhibited varying sensitivities to VMC under different irrigation regimes; the strongest correlation observed was for the TDDIe index with maize under the fully irrigated treatment (=−0.93); (2) Regarding spatial and temporal characteristics, the TDDIn, TDDIe and CWSI indices showed minimal differences over the experimental period, with coefficients of variation were 0.25, 0.18 and 0.24, respectively. All three indices were capable of effectively characterizing the moisture distribution in dryland maize and sorghum crops, but the TDDI indices more accurately monitored the spatial distribution of crop moisture after a rainfall or irrigation event. (3) For prediction of the moisture content of single crops, RFR models based on TDDIn and TDDIe estimated VMC most accurately (0.7), and the TDDIn-based model predicted VMC with the highest accuracy when considering multiple-crop samples, with and RMSE of 0.62 and 14.26%, respectively. Thus, TDDI proved more effective than the CWSI in estimating crop water content.
{"title":"Comparison of CWSI and Ts-Ta-VIs in moisture monitoring of dryland crops (sorghum, maize) based on UAV remote sensing","authors":"Hui Chen, Hongxing Chen, Song Zhang, Shengxi Chen, Fulang Cen, Quanzhi Zhao, Xiaoyun Huang, Tengbing He, Zhenran Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.042","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring agricultural drought using remote sensing data is crucial for precision irrigation in modern agriculture. Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing, this study explored the applicability of an empirical crop water stress index (CWSI) based on canopy temperature and three-dimensional drought indices (TDDI) constructed from surface temperature (), air temperature () and five vegetation indices (VIs) for monitoring the moisture status of dryland crops. Three machine learning algorithms (random forest regression [RFR], support vector regression, and partial least squares regression) were used to compare the performance of the drought indices for vegetation moisture content (VMC) estimation in sorghum and maize. The main results of the study were as follows: (1) Comparative analysis of the drought indices revealed that --Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (TDDIn) and --Enhanced Vegetation Index (TDDIe) were more strongly correlated with VMC compared with the other indices. The indices exhibited varying sensitivities to VMC under different irrigation regimes; the strongest correlation observed was for the TDDIe index with maize under the fully irrigated treatment (=−0.93); (2) Regarding spatial and temporal characteristics, the TDDIn, TDDIe and CWSI indices showed minimal differences over the experimental period, with coefficients of variation were 0.25, 0.18 and 0.24, respectively. All three indices were capable of effectively characterizing the moisture distribution in dryland maize and sorghum crops, but the TDDI indices more accurately monitored the spatial distribution of crop moisture after a rainfall or irrigation event. (3) For prediction of the moisture content of single crops, RFR models based on TDDIn and TDDIe estimated VMC most accurately (0.7), and the TDDIn-based model predicted VMC with the highest accuracy when considering multiple-crop samples, with and RMSE of 0.62 and 14.26%, respectively. Thus, TDDI proved more effective than the CWSI in estimating crop water content.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.034
Zhenxiang Zhou, Paul C. Struik, Junfei Gu, Peter E.L. van der Putten, Zhiqin Wang, Jianchang Yang, Xinyou Yin
Leaf-colour modification can affect the canopy photosynthesis, with a potential effect on rice yield and yield components. Also, modulating source-sink relationships through crop management has been used to improve crop productivity. This study aims to investigate whether and how modifying leaf colour alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-colour modified genotypes. Periodically collected data of total biomass and nitrogen (N) accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-colour modified (greener or yellower) variants were analysed, using a recently established model method to quantify the source-sink (im)balance during grain filling. Among all leaf-colour variants, only one yellower-leaf variant showed higher source capacity than its normal genotype. This was associated with increased post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged functional leaf-N duration, and this increased post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake. The density experiment showed that current management practices (insufficient planting density accompanied with abundant N application) were unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype, ultimately limiting its yield potential. Leaf-colour modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating N trade-off between pre-flowering and post-flowering uptake, and N translocation between source and sink organs. To best exploit leaf-colour modification for an improved crop productivity, adjustments of crop management practices are required.
{"title":"Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-colour modified rice genotypes during grain filling","authors":"Zhenxiang Zhou, Paul C. Struik, Junfei Gu, Peter E.L. van der Putten, Zhiqin Wang, Jianchang Yang, Xinyou Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.034","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf-colour modification can affect the canopy photosynthesis, with a potential effect on rice yield and yield components. Also, modulating source-sink relationships through crop management has been used to improve crop productivity. This study aims to investigate whether and how modifying leaf colour alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-colour modified genotypes. Periodically collected data of total biomass and nitrogen (N) accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-colour modified (greener or yellower) variants were analysed, using a recently established model method to quantify the source-sink (im)balance during grain filling. Among all leaf-colour variants, only one yellower-leaf variant showed higher source capacity than its normal genotype. This was associated with increased post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged functional leaf-N duration, and this increased post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake. The density experiment showed that current management practices (insufficient planting density accompanied with abundant N application) were unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype, ultimately limiting its yield potential. Leaf-colour modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating N trade-off between pre-flowering and post-flowering uptake, and N translocation between source and sink organs. To best exploit leaf-colour modification for an improved crop productivity, adjustments of crop management practices are required.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The root system architecture plays an essential role in water and nutrient acquisition in plants and is significantly involved in plant adaptation to various environmental stresses. In this study, a panel of 242 cotton accessions was collected to investigate six root morphological traits at the seedling stage, including main root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), total root length (TRL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), and root average diameter (AvgD). The correlation analysis between six root morphological traits revealed a strong positive correlation of TRL with RSA, RV with RSA and AvgD, whereas a significant negative correlation between TRL and AvgD. Subsequently, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using the root phenotypic data and genotypic data reported previously for 242 accessions using 56,010 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the CottonSNP80K array. A total of 41 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified with 9 for MRL, 6 for RFW, 9 for TRL, 12 for RSA, 12 for RV and 2 for AvgD respectively. Among them, 8 QTLs were repeatedly detected in two or more traits. Integrated with transcriptome analysis, we identified 17 candidate genes with high transcripts of transcripts per million (TPM)≥30 in roots. Furthermore, we verified functionally a candidate gene encoding a WPP domain protein 2 in root development. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay showed that knocking down significantly inhibited root development in cotton, indicating its positive role in root system architecture formation. Together, these results provide a theoretical basis and candidate genes for cotton root developmental biology and root-related cotton breeding.
{"title":"Mining elite loci and candidate genes for root morphology-related traits at seedling stage by genome-wide association studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)","authors":"Huaxiang Wu, Xiaohui Song, Muhammad Waqas-Amjid, Chuan Chen, Dayong Zhang, Wangzhen Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.037","url":null,"abstract":"The root system architecture plays an essential role in water and nutrient acquisition in plants and is significantly involved in plant adaptation to various environmental stresses. In this study, a panel of 242 cotton accessions was collected to investigate six root morphological traits at the seedling stage, including main root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), total root length (TRL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), and root average diameter (AvgD). The correlation analysis between six root morphological traits revealed a strong positive correlation of TRL with RSA, RV with RSA and AvgD, whereas a significant negative correlation between TRL and AvgD. Subsequently, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using the root phenotypic data and genotypic data reported previously for 242 accessions using 56,010 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the CottonSNP80K array. A total of 41 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified with 9 for MRL, 6 for RFW, 9 for TRL, 12 for RSA, 12 for RV and 2 for AvgD respectively. Among them, 8 QTLs were repeatedly detected in two or more traits. Integrated with transcriptome analysis, we identified 17 candidate genes with high transcripts of transcripts per million (TPM)≥30 in roots. Furthermore, we verified functionally a candidate gene encoding a WPP domain protein 2 in root development. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay showed that knocking down significantly inhibited root development in cotton, indicating its positive role in root system architecture formation. Together, these results provide a theoretical basis and candidate genes for cotton root developmental biology and root-related cotton breeding.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.035
Zimeng Liang, Juan Li, Jingyi Feng, Zhiyuan Li, Vinay Nangia, Fei Mo, Yang Liu
Reducing nitrogen application rates can mitigate issues such as environmental degradation and resource wastage. However, it can also exacerbate problems such as wheat floret degeneration, leading to reduced yields. Therefore, investigating wheat floret degeneration mechanisms under low nitrogen stress and identifying mitigation measures are conducive to achieving high yields and sustainable development. To investigate the physiological mechanism of low nitrogen stress affecting wheat floret degradation and whether exogenous brassinosteroids can alleviate this stress, three nitrogen application rates (N0, no nitrogen application; N1, 120 kg ha pure nitrogen; and N2, 240 kg ha pure nitrogen) and exogenous spraying experiments (N0CK, no nitrogen with water spraying; N0BR, no nitrogen with 24-epibrassinolide (an active brassinosteroids) spraying; and N1, 120 kg ha pure nitrogen with water spraying) were designed. The results indicated that low nitrogen stress induced a large amount of reactive oxygen species generation. Although wheat spikes synthesized flavonoids to combat oxidative stress, their energy metabolism (glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle) and ascorbate-glutathione cycle were inhibited, keeping reactive oxygen levels elevated within the spike, inducing cell death and exacerbating floret degeneration. Furthermore, brassinosteroids played a role in regulating wheat floret degeneration under low-nitrogen stress. Exogenous foliar spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promoted energy metabolism and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle within the spike, enhancing energy charge and effectively mitigating a portion of reactive oxygen induced by low nitrogen stress, thereby alleviating floret degeneration caused by low nitrogen stress. In summary, low-nitrogen stress disrupts the redox homeostasis of wheat spikes, leading to floret degeneration. Brassinosteroids alleviate floret degeneration by improving the redox state of wheat spikes. This research provides theoretical support for balancing the contradiction between high yields and sustainable development and is beneficial for the application of low nitrogen in production.
降低氮肥施用量可以缓解环境退化和资源浪费等问题。但同时也会加剧小麦小花退化等问题，导致减产。因此，研究小麦在低氮胁迫下小花退化的机理并找出缓解措施，有利于实现高产和可持续发展。为了研究低氮胁迫影响小麦小花退化的生理机制以及外源铜皮素类固醇是否能缓解这种胁迫，研究人员采用了三种施氮量（N0，不施氮；N1，120 kg ha 纯氮；设计了三种施氮量（N0，不施氮；N1，120 千克/公顷纯氮；N2，240 千克/公顷纯氮）和外源喷洒试验（N0CK，不施氮，喷水；N0BR，不施氮，喷洒 24-环黄铜内酯（一种活性黄铜类固醇）；N1，120 千克/公顷纯氮，喷水）。结果表明，低氮胁迫诱导产生大量活性氧。虽然小麦穗能合成类黄酮来对抗氧化胁迫，但其能量代谢（糖酵解和三羧酸循环）和抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环受到抑制，使穗内活性氧水平持续升高，诱导细胞死亡，加剧小花退化。此外，黄铜类固醇在低氮胁迫下对小花退化起调节作用。外源叶面喷施 24-epibrassinolide 可促进穗内能量代谢和抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环，增强能量充电，有效缓解低氮胁迫诱导的部分活性氧，从而减轻低氮胁迫引起的小花退化。总之，低氮胁迫破坏了小麦穗的氧化还原平衡，导致小花退化。芸苔素类固醇通过改善小麦穗的氧化还原状态来缓解小花退化。这项研究为平衡高产与可持续发展之间的矛盾提供了理论支持，有利于低氮在生产中的应用。
{"title":"Brassinosteroids improve the redox state of wheat florets under low-nitrogen stress and alleviate degeneration","authors":"Zimeng Liang, Juan Li, Jingyi Feng, Zhiyuan Li, Vinay Nangia, Fei Mo, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing nitrogen application rates can mitigate issues such as environmental degradation and resource wastage. However, it can also exacerbate problems such as wheat floret degeneration, leading to reduced yields. Therefore, investigating wheat floret degeneration mechanisms under low nitrogen stress and identifying mitigation measures are conducive to achieving high yields and sustainable development. To investigate the physiological mechanism of low nitrogen stress affecting wheat floret degradation and whether exogenous brassinosteroids can alleviate this stress, three nitrogen application rates (N0, no nitrogen application; N1, 120 kg ha pure nitrogen; and N2, 240 kg ha pure nitrogen) and exogenous spraying experiments (N0CK, no nitrogen with water spraying; N0BR, no nitrogen with 24-epibrassinolide (an active brassinosteroids) spraying; and N1, 120 kg ha pure nitrogen with water spraying) were designed. The results indicated that low nitrogen stress induced a large amount of reactive oxygen species generation. Although wheat spikes synthesized flavonoids to combat oxidative stress, their energy metabolism (glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle) and ascorbate-glutathione cycle were inhibited, keeping reactive oxygen levels elevated within the spike, inducing cell death and exacerbating floret degeneration. Furthermore, brassinosteroids played a role in regulating wheat floret degeneration under low-nitrogen stress. Exogenous foliar spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promoted energy metabolism and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle within the spike, enhancing energy charge and effectively mitigating a portion of reactive oxygen induced by low nitrogen stress, thereby alleviating floret degeneration caused by low nitrogen stress. In summary, low-nitrogen stress disrupts the redox homeostasis of wheat spikes, leading to floret degeneration. Brassinosteroids alleviate floret degeneration by improving the redox state of wheat spikes. This research provides theoretical support for balancing the contradiction between high yields and sustainable development and is beneficial for the application of low nitrogen in production.","PeriodicalId":16305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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