Microplastics released from food contact materials have raised concerns regarding their safety implications for human health. In this way, several studies have shown that microplastics can migrate from food contact materials into beverages and food, leading to human exposure through ingestion. The small size and persistent nature of microplastics make them capable of accumulating in various organs and tissues, potentially causing adverse health effects. Furthermore, the toxicological properties are amplified by their ability to adsorb and transport hazardous chemicals, including additives, endocrine disruptors, and toxic metals. Their health impacts include inflammation, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and disruption of the endocrine system. Carcinogenic effects, reproductive disorders, and developmental abnormalities have also been reported. Moreover, microplastics can act as vectors for microbial pathogens, posing additional health risks. Further research and testing methods are required to understand the sources, distribution, and toxicity of microplastic particles, to improve customers safety issue. Additionally, concerted efforts from stakeholders, including manufacturers, regulators, and consumers are needed, including activities that support the development and adoption of alternative non-toxic, biodegradable, and sustainable packaging materials.
{"title":"SAFETY ISSUES OF MICROPLASTICS RELEASED FROM FOOD CONTACT MATERIALS","authors":"J. Čurlej, P. Zajác, Jozef Čapla, Lukáš Hleba","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.10317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.10317","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics released from food contact materials have raised concerns regarding their safety implications for human health. In this way, several studies have shown that microplastics can migrate from food contact materials into beverages and food, leading to human exposure through ingestion. The small size and persistent nature of microplastics make them capable of accumulating in various organs and tissues, potentially causing adverse health effects. Furthermore, the toxicological properties are amplified by their ability to adsorb and transport hazardous chemicals, including additives, endocrine disruptors, and toxic metals. Their health impacts include inflammation, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and disruption of the endocrine system. Carcinogenic effects, reproductive disorders, and developmental abnormalities have also been reported. Moreover, microplastics can act as vectors for microbial pathogens, posing additional health risks. Further research and testing methods are required to understand the sources, distribution, and toxicity of microplastic particles, to improve customers safety issue. Additionally, concerted efforts from stakeholders, including manufacturers, regulators, and consumers are needed, including activities that support the development and adoption of alternative non-toxic, biodegradable, and sustainable packaging materials.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42347158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within modern poultry lines, the integrity of the skeleton is subjected to increasing genetic and production stress, which in many cases leads to different health problems of the skeletal system, including problems with osteoporosis and the development of fractures. The role of genetics in bone integrity has been demonstrated by several studies, while the knowledge gained from the targeted study of genes, i.e., proteins that play an important role in bone metabolism, is of great value both for skeletal health and may provide new clues to the biological processes underlying diseases leading to the weakening of the bones. In addition to summarizing basic knowledge about bone metabolism, this review provides insight into the structure and function of proteins that are part of compact bone tissue, focusing on non-collagenous proteins and proteins that are encoded by genes involved in signaling pathways that play an important role in bone metabolism.
{"title":"IMPORTANCE OF SELECTED PROTEINS OF COMPACT BONE TISSUE IN POULTRY","authors":"M. Steinerova, Š. Nedomová, P. Sláma, A. Pavlík","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.10083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.10083","url":null,"abstract":"Within modern poultry lines, the integrity of the skeleton is subjected to increasing genetic and production stress, which in many cases leads to different health problems of the skeletal system, including problems with osteoporosis and the development of fractures. The role of genetics in bone integrity has been demonstrated by several studies, while the knowledge gained from the targeted study of genes, i.e., proteins that play an important role in bone metabolism, is of great value both for skeletal health and may provide new clues to the biological processes underlying diseases leading to the weakening of the bones. In addition to summarizing basic knowledge about bone metabolism, this review provides insight into the structure and function of proteins that are part of compact bone tissue, focusing on non-collagenous proteins and proteins that are encoded by genes involved in signaling pathways that play an important role in bone metabolism.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43758895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Kratochvílová, Eva Venusová, T. Zavadilova, P. Švec, A. Pavlík, Lukáš Hleba, J. Kwak, P. Sláma
Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems are normally used for in vitro experiments. These systems have some drawbacks which affect results of in vitro experiments because cultured cells have different morphology and physiological properties comparing to in vivo models. Therefore, there are current technique to develop three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems which are closer to the environment in real tissues. In our study, we used polycaprolactone fiber scaffold for culture of bovine monocytes to develop dendritic cells (DCs) from those cells. Cultured monocytes in the polycaprolactone nanofiber scaffold differentiated to DCs. The differentiated DCs showed a 3D structure in the scaffold. These results suggest that this method is suitable for the development of DCs in a manner of three-dimension. These method is perspective for bovine cell culture and has advantages compare to conventional 2D culture systems.
{"title":"POLYCAPROLACTONE FIBER-BASED BOVINE DENDRITIC CELL DEVELOPMENT AND THREE- DIMENSIONAL CULTURE IN VITRO","authors":"L. Kratochvílová, Eva Venusová, T. Zavadilova, P. Švec, A. Pavlík, Lukáš Hleba, J. Kwak, P. Sláma","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.10304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.10304","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems are normally used for in vitro experiments. These systems have some drawbacks which affect results of in vitro experiments because cultured cells have different morphology and physiological properties comparing to in vivo models. Therefore, there are current technique to develop three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems which are closer to the environment in real tissues. In our study, we used polycaprolactone fiber scaffold for culture of bovine monocytes to develop dendritic cells (DCs) from those cells. Cultured monocytes in the polycaprolactone nanofiber scaffold differentiated to DCs. The differentiated DCs showed a 3D structure in the scaffold. These results suggest that this method is suitable for the development of DCs in a manner of three-dimension. These method is perspective for bovine cell culture and has advantages compare to conventional 2D culture systems.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mutagenesis of Enterobacter cloacae IP8 for enhanced cellulase production was carried out using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) treatment. The mutant strain exhibited cellulolytic activity which was 2.18-fold higher than that of the wildtype strain. The optimal conditions for cellulase production were an incubation period of 28 h, a temperature of 45 oC, and pH 7.0, using CMC and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cellulases from both strains were purified by using ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM Sephadex C-50, and Biogel P-100 column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified cellulase from the mutant strain was 29.47 U/mg while that of wildtype cellulase was 21.5 U/mg. Biochemical characterization of the purified enzyme revealed the optimum pH and temperature of 8.0 and 65 oC, respectively, for the cellulase from the mutant strain, and 7.0 and 60 oC for the wild-type cellulase. The mutant cellulase was thermally stable up to 70 oC retaining 86.5% of its original activity after 180 h. Metal ions Na+ and Ca2+ remarkably enhanced the activity of the cellulase from both strains while Al3+ and the chelating agent, EDTA, strongly inhibited the activity. Mutagenesis of E. cloacae IP8 using combined UV and EMS treatment led to the development of mutant strain with enhanced capacity for the production of cellulase exhibiting novel properties such as thermostability, alkalinity, low Km, and high Vmax values. Therefore, the enzyme from the mutant strain of E. cloacae IP8 has the potential for broad industrial applications.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ENTEROBACTER CLOACAE IP8 MUTANT STRAIN PRODUCING THERMOSTABLE CELLULASE","authors":"O. Oyedeji, A. Akintola, A. Onilude","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9665","url":null,"abstract":"Mutagenesis of Enterobacter cloacae IP8 for enhanced cellulase production was carried out using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) treatment. The mutant strain exhibited cellulolytic activity which was 2.18-fold higher than that of the wildtype strain. The optimal conditions for cellulase production were an incubation period of 28 h, a temperature of 45 oC, and pH 7.0, using CMC and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cellulases from both strains were purified by using ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM Sephadex C-50, and Biogel P-100 column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified cellulase from the mutant strain was 29.47 U/mg while that of wildtype cellulase was 21.5 U/mg. Biochemical characterization of the purified enzyme revealed the optimum pH and temperature of 8.0 and 65 oC, respectively, for the cellulase from the mutant strain, and 7.0 and 60 oC for the wild-type cellulase. The mutant cellulase was thermally stable up to 70 oC retaining 86.5% of its original activity after 180 h. Metal ions Na+ and Ca2+ remarkably enhanced the activity of the cellulase from both strains while Al3+ and the chelating agent, EDTA, strongly inhibited the activity. Mutagenesis of E. cloacae IP8 using combined UV and EMS treatment led to the development of mutant strain with enhanced capacity for the production of cellulase exhibiting novel properties such as thermostability, alkalinity, low Km, and high Vmax values. Therefore, the enzyme from the mutant strain of E. cloacae IP8 has the potential for broad industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49401001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crispy waffles are popular snacks typically containing wheat flour, sugar, and oil. Excessive consumption may be unhealthy. This study aimed to produce healthier crispy waffles using vegetables, specifically Chinese kale (CK), False Pak Choi (FPC), and Thai basil (TB), as sources of calcium. These vegetables underwent three pre-treatments: blanching, steaming, and stir-frying. The study then focused on the formulation of calcium-fortified crispy vegetable waffles with riceberry (CVWR) using a mixture design experiment. Calcium content in TB, FPC, and CK was found to be 313.96, 309.88, and 246.15 mg/100g, respectively. Pre-treatment results revealed that steaming resulted in the least reduction of calcium content, while stir-frying caused the least reduction of total chlorophyll and total polyphenol contents. The proportions of the crispy waffles components were 0-30%CK, 0-30% FPC, 0-30%TB, and 70% riceberry. The physical quality of CVWR, considering crispness and calcium content, was determined using a linear regression equation. The analysis showed that CVWR with TB as the primary component had the highest calcium content and crispness, followed by FPC and CK, respectively. In terms of sensory characteristics, FPC had the highest fracture coefficient, followed by TB and CK, respectively. The optimal formulation, determined by overlapping diagrams, consisted of 14.88% FPC, 13.11% TB, 2.01% CK, and 70% riceberry. The resulting CVWR contained 286.19 mg/100g calcium and was a source of total dietary fiber and anthocyanin. Consequently, CVWR offers a healthier, high-nutritional-value snack option suitable for health-conscious consumers.
{"title":"PRE-TREATMENT OF VEGETABLES AND FORMULA DEVELOPMENT OF CALCIUM-FORTIFIED VEGETABLE CRISPY WAFFLES WITH RICEBERRY USING A MIXTURE DESIGN","authors":"Suwanna Pichaiyongvongdee, Boonyakrit Rattanapun, Piyawon Youdee, Nujira Rasamipaiboon, Tanikan Nubwande","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9825","url":null,"abstract":"Crispy waffles are popular snacks typically containing wheat flour, sugar, and oil. Excessive consumption may be unhealthy. This study aimed to produce healthier crispy waffles using vegetables, specifically Chinese kale (CK), False Pak Choi (FPC), and Thai basil (TB), as sources of calcium. These vegetables underwent three pre-treatments: blanching, steaming, and stir-frying. The study then focused on the formulation of calcium-fortified crispy vegetable waffles with riceberry (CVWR) using a mixture design experiment. Calcium content in TB, FPC, and CK was found to be 313.96, 309.88, and 246.15 mg/100g, respectively. Pre-treatment results revealed that steaming resulted in the least reduction of calcium content, while stir-frying caused the least reduction of total chlorophyll and total polyphenol contents. The proportions of the crispy waffles components were 0-30%CK, 0-30% FPC, 0-30%TB, and 70% riceberry. The physical quality of CVWR, considering crispness and calcium content, was determined using a linear regression equation. The analysis showed that CVWR with TB as the primary component had the highest calcium content and crispness, followed by FPC and CK, respectively. In terms of sensory characteristics, FPC had the highest fracture coefficient, followed by TB and CK, respectively. The optimal formulation, determined by overlapping diagrams, consisted of 14.88% FPC, 13.11% TB, 2.01% CK, and 70% riceberry. The resulting CVWR contained 286.19 mg/100g calcium and was a source of total dietary fiber and anthocyanin. Consequently, CVWR offers a healthier, high-nutritional-value snack option suitable for health-conscious consumers.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46211020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Petrova, M. Nikolova, Lyudmila L Dimitrova, M. Dimitrova, I. Sergiev
Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) is one of the most widely used medicinal plants globally. The plant species is of great economic interest due to its high content of secondary metabolites. The present study was performed to compare the GC/MS-based metabolic profiles and total phenolic content of micropropagated and wild-growing plants. An optimized protocol for in vitro multiplication of C. intybus using stem segments from in vitro raised seedlings was developed. The optimum nutrient media were found to be MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA and MS medium fortified with 1 mg/L 4PU-30 and 0.1 mg/L NAA, giving an average of 9.2±0.47 and 7.1±0.41 shoots per explant, respectively. The phenylurea cytokinin 4PU-30, first used for chicory micropropagation, effectively promoted plant regeneration and prevented hyperhydricity in in vitro plant tissue. Microshoots rooted successfully in half-strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators. All plants were hardened and survived transfer to ex vitro conditions. No differences were found between the GC/MS-based metabolic profiles of the wild-growing plants and those multiplied in vitro and acclimated to controlled field conditions. A quantitative difference was obtained in some individual metabolites: esculetin and quinic acid were higher in samples of in vitro obtained plants, while chlorogenic acid was more abundant in samples of wild-growing plants.
{"title":"IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION AND GC/MS-BASED METABOLIC PROFILES OF CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.","authors":"M. Petrova, M. Nikolova, Lyudmila L Dimitrova, M. Dimitrova, I. Sergiev","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9688","url":null,"abstract":"Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) is one of the most widely used medicinal plants globally. The plant species is of great economic interest due to its high content of secondary metabolites. The present study was performed to compare the GC/MS-based metabolic profiles and total phenolic content of micropropagated and wild-growing plants. An optimized protocol for in vitro multiplication of C. intybus using stem segments from in vitro raised seedlings was developed. The optimum nutrient media were found to be MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA and MS medium fortified with 1 mg/L 4PU-30 and 0.1 mg/L NAA, giving an average of 9.2±0.47 and 7.1±0.41 shoots per explant, respectively. The phenylurea cytokinin 4PU-30, first used for chicory micropropagation, effectively promoted plant regeneration and prevented hyperhydricity in in vitro plant tissue. Microshoots rooted successfully in half-strength MS medium free of plant growth regulators. All plants were hardened and survived transfer to ex vitro conditions. No differences were found between the GC/MS-based metabolic profiles of the wild-growing plants and those multiplied in vitro and acclimated to controlled field conditions. A quantitative difference was obtained in some individual metabolites: esculetin and quinic acid were higher in samples of in vitro obtained plants, while chlorogenic acid was more abundant in samples of wild-growing plants.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49460673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nor, Mazila Ramli, Sufihana Yusof, P. Bhuyar, Aimi Wahidah Aminan, S. Nizam
The current study examined fungal diversity in manufactured and natural agarwood samples perceived from A. malecensis trees in a plantation and the East Malaysia rainforest. Isolated fungi were also subjected to molecular analysis. The fungal community composition of healthy and damaged tree samples from both plantation and the wild forest was identified using PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from fungal isolates. Meanwhile, ten groups of fungi isolates are expected to be placed in both natural and inoculated based on 1000 bootstrap values. They validated earlier genomic identification; 55 fungal isolates were discovered in artificial and natural agarwood, including agarwood and healthy wood. Ten fungal groupings were developed based on morphological characterization similarities. Based on NCBI BLAST analysis, molecular identification revealed Fusarium solani, Botryosphaeria theobromae, Polyporales spp, Schizophyllum commune, Aspergillus aculeatus, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Fusarium solani excelled in A. aculeatus and Polyporales spp. in agarwood samples and healthy wood. The presence of more fungi species in natural agarwood than in artificial agarwood may be due to the favourable humid and shaded habitat for fungal growth. Nonetheless, synthetic agarwood was able to synthesize agarwood-related chemical compounds. Considering F. solani was often identified in both agarwood, agarwood inoculant may act as a booster for F. solani to begin pathogenicity in artificial agarwood. The current research shows that artificial agarwood may provide quality comparable to natural agarwood and is not influenced by fungus interacting with the tree.
{"title":"AN ITS GENE-MEDIATED MOLECULAR DETECTION OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL AGARWOOD FROM Aquilaria malaccensis","authors":"A. Nor, Mazila Ramli, Sufihana Yusof, P. Bhuyar, Aimi Wahidah Aminan, S. Nizam","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9465","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examined fungal diversity in manufactured and natural agarwood samples perceived from A. malecensis trees in a plantation and the East Malaysia rainforest. Isolated fungi were also subjected to molecular analysis. The fungal community composition of healthy and damaged tree samples from both plantation and the wild forest was identified using PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from fungal isolates. Meanwhile, ten groups of fungi isolates are expected to be placed in both natural and inoculated based on 1000 bootstrap values. They validated earlier genomic identification; 55 fungal isolates were discovered in artificial and natural agarwood, including agarwood and healthy wood. Ten fungal groupings were developed based on morphological characterization similarities. Based on NCBI BLAST analysis, molecular identification revealed Fusarium solani, Botryosphaeria theobromae, Polyporales spp, Schizophyllum commune, Aspergillus aculeatus, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Fusarium solani excelled in A. aculeatus and Polyporales spp. in agarwood samples and healthy wood. The presence of more fungi species in natural agarwood than in artificial agarwood may be due to the favourable humid and shaded habitat for fungal growth. Nonetheless, synthetic agarwood was able to synthesize agarwood-related chemical compounds. Considering F. solani was often identified in both agarwood, agarwood inoculant may act as a booster for F. solani to begin pathogenicity in artificial agarwood. The current research shows that artificial agarwood may provide quality comparable to natural agarwood and is not influenced by fungus interacting with the tree.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46916939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nora Ghaliaoui, M. Hazzit, H. Seridi, Hind Mokrane
The incorporation of bioactive additives such as natural pigments in food products offers many nutritional advantages, associated with functional properties in particular antioxidant effects. The aim of this work was to study the effect of adding natural pigments extracted from the brown seaweed Phyllaria reniformis on the oxidative stability of commercially available soybean and sunflower oils. Phyllaria reniformis pigment extract (200 and 1000 ppm) was dissolved in the two edible oils, and in comparison, a synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) was added. Experimental results showed that the addition of pigment extract had no significant effect on the quality parameters of vegetable oils: Free acidity (FA) and peroxide value (PV). Carotenoids were improved 2 and 1.5 times when adding 200 ppm of pigment extract to soybean and sunflower oils, respectively. While, when adding 1000 ppm, carotenoids were improved 3 times in comparison to the virgin oils. Similarly, chlorophylls contents in enriched sunflower oil with 200 or 1000 ppm of pigment extract increased 2 and 3 times in comparison to the control sample, however, in enriched soybean oil, this increase was interestedly higher achieving 10 and 33 times. Moreover, colour coordinates (a*, b* and L*) in enriched oils changed to become greener and yellower. Antioxidant activities were improved compared to the control oils. The addition of pigment extract or BHA to soybean oil increased significantly (p≤0.05) its oxidative stability. Thus, these pigment extracts could be recommended as a potent source of natural antioxidants replacing synthetic ones for the protection of edible oils against oxidation.
{"title":"OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF SOYBEAN AND SUNFLOWER OILS ENRICHED WITH PIGMENT EXTRACTS OF THE BROWN SEAWEED PHYLLARIA RENIFORMIS","authors":"Nora Ghaliaoui, M. Hazzit, H. Seridi, Hind Mokrane","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9290","url":null,"abstract":"The incorporation of bioactive additives such as natural pigments in food products offers many nutritional advantages, associated with functional properties in particular antioxidant effects. The aim of this work was to study the effect of adding natural pigments extracted from the brown seaweed Phyllaria reniformis on the oxidative stability of commercially available soybean and sunflower oils.\u0000Phyllaria reniformis pigment extract (200 and 1000 ppm) was dissolved in the two edible oils, and in comparison, a synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) was added. Experimental results showed that the addition of pigment extract had no significant effect on the quality parameters of vegetable oils: Free acidity (FA) and peroxide value (PV). Carotenoids were improved 2 and 1.5 times when adding 200 ppm of pigment extract to soybean and sunflower oils, respectively. While, when adding 1000 ppm, carotenoids were improved 3 times in comparison to the virgin oils. Similarly, chlorophylls contents in enriched sunflower oil with 200 or 1000 ppm of pigment extract increased 2 and 3 times in comparison to the control sample, however, in enriched soybean oil, this increase was interestedly higher achieving 10 and 33 times. Moreover, colour coordinates (a*, b* and L*) in enriched oils changed to become greener and yellower. Antioxidant activities were improved compared to the control oils. The addition of pigment extract or BHA to soybean oil increased significantly (p≤0.05) its oxidative stability. Thus, these pigment extracts could be recommended as a potent source of natural antioxidants replacing synthetic ones for the protection of edible oils against oxidation.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45411102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veerapandiyan Kandasamy, S. Sathish, T. Madhavan, Usha Balasundaram
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common gynaecological disorder among reproductive-age women. Impaired metabolism of androgens and estrogens is one of the leading causes of PCOS. In India, medicinal herbs are being explored for their anti-androgenic and anti-estrogenic properties. In this study, we have screened the seed extracts of the herbal plant, Caesalpinia bonducella for potent inhibitors of estrogen and testosterone biosynthesis and assimilation. Methanol extract of C. bonducella seed kernels were subjected to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the phytochemical constituents. Out of forty-three phytochemical compounds identified from the extract, eight compounds were selected based on Lipinski's rule of five for molecular docking. The selected phytochemical compounds were docked against specific targets of ovarian steroidogenesis pathway; human aromatase (CYP19A1), human 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD17B1), human androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Further, the nature of these compounds was validated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ADME/T studies. As per the molecular docking output, compounds 33, 35, 38, 40, and 43 exhibited higher binding affinities against the four selected targets. Phytochemical compounds were optimized using Gaussian 16 with the B3LYP function and the 6-31G(d, p) basis set and were correlated with docking results. ADME/T helps in identifying the potential drug candidates from a pool of drugs. Five phytochemical compounds, 33, 35, 38, 40, and 43 were found to have the ability to bind and inhibit appropriate targets in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. Hence, these compounds can be further characterized in vitro and in vivo for alleviating PCOS.
{"title":"IN-SILICO SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN CAESALPINIA BONDUCELLA L. SEEDS AGAINST THE GENE TARGETS OF OVARIAN STEROIDOGENESIS PATHWAY","authors":"Veerapandiyan Kandasamy, S. Sathish, T. Madhavan, Usha Balasundaram","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.6124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.6124","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common gynaecological disorder among reproductive-age women. Impaired metabolism of androgens and estrogens is one of the leading causes of PCOS. In India, medicinal herbs are being explored for their anti-androgenic and anti-estrogenic properties. In this study, we have screened the seed extracts of the herbal plant, Caesalpinia bonducella for potent inhibitors of estrogen and testosterone biosynthesis and assimilation. Methanol extract of C. bonducella seed kernels were subjected to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the phytochemical constituents. Out of forty-three phytochemical compounds identified from the extract, eight compounds were selected based on Lipinski's rule of five for molecular docking. The selected phytochemical compounds were docked against specific targets of ovarian steroidogenesis pathway; human aromatase (CYP19A1), human 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD17B1), human androgen receptor and estrogen receptor α. Further, the nature of these compounds was validated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ADME/T studies. As per the molecular docking output, compounds 33, 35, 38, 40, and 43 exhibited higher binding affinities against the four selected targets. Phytochemical compounds were optimized using Gaussian 16 with the B3LYP function and the 6-31G(d, p) basis set and were correlated with docking results. ADME/T helps in identifying the potential drug candidates from a pool of drugs. Five phytochemical compounds, 33, 35, 38, 40, and 43 were found to have the ability to bind and inhibit appropriate targets in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. Hence, these compounds can be further characterized in vitro and in vivo for alleviating PCOS.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fusarium sp. produces various bioactive pigments widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and the food industry. This study investigated the antimicrobial effect of the pigment produced from the highest pigment-producing Fusarium sp. strain and determined the optimum growth conditions and agro-industrial residues to obtain maximum pigment production. Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium poae strains were tested in terms of their pigment production levels. Pigment quantification was assessed by a UV–Visible Spectrophotometer at 500 nm. Antimicrobial tests were determined by Disc Diffusion and Well Diffusion Methods. According to our results, the highest amount of pigment-producing strain was F. graminearum (p<0.001) and malt extract broth (MEB) was the optimum growth media (p<0.001). Extracted F. graminearum pigment was antimicrobial against B. cereus and S. aureus with a zone of inhibition diameters of 10.2 and 14.9 mm respectively. Initial pH levels of 8, 150 rpm rotation speed, 30 ºC temperature, and 9 days of incubation under the light condition in MEB media were determined as the optimum growth conditions for the highest reddish pigment production. Moreover, 10-2 times diluted molasses, Turkish feta cheese whey, and Turkish cheddar cheese whey were found as suitable low-cost growth media for reddish pigment production by F. graminearum. Our findings not only represent a pigment that might be used in the food industry as an antimicrobial bio-colorant but also show the potential use of molasses and whey as low-cost growth media for reddish pigment production by F. graminearum.
{"title":"ANTIMICROBIAL PIGMENT FROM FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM: OPTIMIZING CONDITIONS AND UTILIZING AGRO-INDUSTRIAL RESIDUES","authors":"Tugce Dag, Gulcan Sahal, I. SEYİS BİLKAY","doi":"10.55251/jmbfs.9757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.9757","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium sp. produces various bioactive pigments widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and the food industry. This study investigated the antimicrobial effect of the pigment produced from the highest pigment-producing Fusarium sp. strain and determined the optimum growth conditions and agro-industrial residues to obtain maximum pigment production. Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium poae strains were tested in terms of their pigment production levels. Pigment quantification was assessed by a UV–Visible Spectrophotometer at 500 nm. Antimicrobial tests were determined by Disc Diffusion and Well Diffusion Methods. According to our results, the highest amount of pigment-producing strain was F. graminearum (p<0.001) and malt extract broth (MEB) was the optimum growth media (p<0.001). Extracted F. graminearum pigment was antimicrobial against B. cereus and S. aureus with a zone of inhibition diameters of 10.2 and 14.9 mm respectively. Initial pH levels of 8, 150 rpm rotation speed, 30 ºC temperature, and 9 days of incubation under the light condition in MEB media were determined as the optimum growth conditions for the highest reddish pigment production. Moreover, 10-2 times diluted molasses, Turkish feta cheese whey, and Turkish cheddar cheese whey were found as suitable low-cost growth media for reddish pigment production by F. graminearum. Our findings not only represent a pigment that might be used in the food industry as an antimicrobial bio-colorant but also show the potential use of molasses and whey as low-cost growth media for reddish pigment production by F. graminearum.","PeriodicalId":16348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology, biotechnology and food sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41575945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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