Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_154_20
B. Godhi, R. Shanbhog, B. Nandlal, S. Rashmi, A. Gopi
Objective: The objective of the study is to seal the permanent first molars in high-risk children aged 7–8 years with GC Fuji VII and evaluate its retention and caries preventive effect over 3 years. Methodology: The present study was a longitudinal, randomized, interventional trial with a sealant and control group. 538 residential schoolchildren with high caries risk received sealants. 495 day scholars did not receive sealant formed the control group. Children of both the groups were evaluated annually for sealant retention and development of caries for 3 years. Independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the sealant retention and caries incidence rates. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare the cumulative molar survival and sealant retention rates over 3 years. Results: Comparison of baseline oral health characteristics between sealant and control group revealed no statistically significant variation (P > 0.05). At the end of 3 years, total retention was 43.4% (n = 178), 45.9% (n = 188), 44.9% (n = 184), and 44.4% (n = 182), respectively. Cumulative mean incidence of dental caries at the end of 3 years showed statistically significant higher caries incidence among control 2.15 ± 3.33 as compared to sealant 0.25 ± 0.85 with mean difference of 1.90 (P = 0.001). Conclusion: School-based sealant program targeting low socioeconomic, high caries risk population can form comprehensive approach for caries-free generation. GC Fuji VII may be a better choice for preventing dental caries in school-based sealant program.
{"title":"Retention and caries preventive effect of GC fuji VII sealant on the first permanent molars among high-risk residential school children - A three year follow up study","authors":"B. Godhi, R. Shanbhog, B. Nandlal, S. Rashmi, A. Gopi","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_154_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_154_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to seal the permanent first molars in high-risk children aged 7–8 years with GC Fuji VII and evaluate its retention and caries preventive effect over 3 years. Methodology: The present study was a longitudinal, randomized, interventional trial with a sealant and control group. 538 residential schoolchildren with high caries risk received sealants. 495 day scholars did not receive sealant formed the control group. Children of both the groups were evaluated annually for sealant retention and development of caries for 3 years. Independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the sealant retention and caries incidence rates. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare the cumulative molar survival and sealant retention rates over 3 years. Results: Comparison of baseline oral health characteristics between sealant and control group revealed no statistically significant variation (P > 0.05). At the end of 3 years, total retention was 43.4% (n = 178), 45.9% (n = 188), 44.9% (n = 184), and 44.4% (n = 182), respectively. Cumulative mean incidence of dental caries at the end of 3 years showed statistically significant higher caries incidence among control 2.15 ± 3.33 as compared to sealant 0.25 ± 0.85 with mean difference of 1.90 (P = 0.001). Conclusion: School-based sealant program targeting low socioeconomic, high caries risk population can form comprehensive approach for caries-free generation. GC Fuji VII may be a better choice for preventing dental caries in school-based sealant program.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":"155 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80444925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_139_20
B. Kothari, Kallale Bhagavan, L. Lobo, Nawin Kumar, A. Shetty, Kalikivayi Naresh
Background and Aim: Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) commonly results from progressive narrowing of arteries in the lower extremities due to atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to measure plasma levels of Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) in patients with and without clinical evidence of PAOD and find an association (risk ratio) between Lp(a) and PAOD. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Mangalore. The age and sex of the patients, clinical symptoms were noted. The study included a total of 100 patients further divided into two groups: Fifty symptomatic patients with clinical evidence and 50 age and sex-matched asymptomatic patients without clinical evidence of PAOD. History of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were recorded. The diagnosis basically was made by clinical symptoms and signs. Arterial Doppler/computed tomography angiogram was done only if symptoms or signs of PAOD were present. Two ml of overnight fasting blood sample was collected, serum separated, and was analyzed for Lp(a) by immune turbidometry method. Results: In patients with PAOD, Lp(a) value was 90.06 ± 23.4 mg/dl, whereas among patients without PAOD, Lp(a) values was 48.02 ± 24.1 mg/dl and was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Patients with elevated Lp(a) levels were found to have 13.50 times higher risk of developing PAOD as compared to patients with normal Lp(a) levels. As per the ROC curve analysis, with area under the curve of 0.895 th cutoff value was considered to be 69.8 mg/dl with sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 76%. Conclusion: Males are at a higher risk of developing PAOD as compared to females. Patients within the age group of 51–60 years are more prone to develop PAOD as per this study. From the study results, it was found that there is a high association of patients with PAOD and elevated Lp(a) as compared to other risk factors.
背景和目的:外周动脉闭塞性疾病(PAOD)通常是由动脉粥样硬化引起的下肢动脉进行性狭窄引起的。本研究的目的是测量有和无临床证据的pad患者血浆脂蛋白(a) (Lp[a])水平，并发现Lp(a)与pad之间的关联(风险比)。材料与方法:本研究在芒格洛尔Justice K. S. Hegde慈善医院普通外科进行。记录患者的年龄、性别、临床症状。该研究共纳入100例患者，进一步分为两组:50例有临床证据的症状患者和50例年龄和性别匹配的无临床证据的无症状患者。记录高血压、糖尿病、缺血性心脏病病史。诊断主要依据临床症状和体征。动脉多普勒/计算机断层血管造影仅在出现pad症状或体征时进行。采集空腹血样2 ml，分离血清，免疫浊度法检测Lp(a)。结果:有PAOD的患者Lp(a)值为90.06±23.4 mg/dl，无PAOD的患者Lp(a)值为48.02±24.1 mg/dl，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。与Lp(a)水平正常的患者相比，Lp(a)水平升高的患者发生pad的风险高出13.50倍。根据ROC曲线分析，曲线下面积为0.895，认为截断值为69.8 mg/dl，敏感性为88%，特异性为76%。结论:与女性相比，男性患pad的风险更高。根据本研究，51-60岁年龄组的患者更容易发生pad。从研究结果来看，与其他危险因素相比，pad患者与Lp(a)升高有较高的相关性。
{"title":"Lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerotic peripheral arterial occlusive disease","authors":"B. Kothari, Kallale Bhagavan, L. Lobo, Nawin Kumar, A. Shetty, Kalikivayi Naresh","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_139_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_139_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) commonly results from progressive narrowing of arteries in the lower extremities due to atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to measure plasma levels of Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) in patients with and without clinical evidence of PAOD and find an association (risk ratio) between Lp(a) and PAOD. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Mangalore. The age and sex of the patients, clinical symptoms were noted. The study included a total of 100 patients further divided into two groups: Fifty symptomatic patients with clinical evidence and 50 age and sex-matched asymptomatic patients without clinical evidence of PAOD. History of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were recorded. The diagnosis basically was made by clinical symptoms and signs. Arterial Doppler/computed tomography angiogram was done only if symptoms or signs of PAOD were present. Two ml of overnight fasting blood sample was collected, serum separated, and was analyzed for Lp(a) by immune turbidometry method. Results: In patients with PAOD, Lp(a) value was 90.06 ± 23.4 mg/dl, whereas among patients without PAOD, Lp(a) values was 48.02 ± 24.1 mg/dl and was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Patients with elevated Lp(a) levels were found to have 13.50 times higher risk of developing PAOD as compared to patients with normal Lp(a) levels. As per the ROC curve analysis, with area under the curve of 0.895 th cutoff value was considered to be 69.8 mg/dl with sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 76%. Conclusion: Males are at a higher risk of developing PAOD as compared to females. Patients within the age group of 51–60 years are more prone to develop PAOD as per this study. From the study results, it was found that there is a high association of patients with PAOD and elevated Lp(a) as compared to other risk factors.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"218 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82075837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_47_21
P. Gehlot, Brinda Murali, B. Annapoorna, Krishna Prasada
A patient reported with pain and sinus opening in relation to a previously root canal treated maxillary central incisor. Intraoral radiograph revealed periapical radiolucency with shortening of root indicating external apical inflammatory root resorption associated with failed endodontic treatment. Nonsurgical re-treatment was started and intracanal calcium hydroxide (CaOH) was placed for four weeks. The tooth was obturated with Biodentine. At 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic and radiograph revealed satisfactory healing. Inflammatory apical root resorption due to failed root canal treatment could compromise the root length and prognosis. Early arrest of such resorption is indicated by nonsurgical re-treatment using CaOH for root canal disinfection and obturating with bioactive material such as Biodentine, which results in the successful arrest of resorption and periapical healing.
{"title":"Using biodentine for non-surgical endodontic re-treatment of maxillary central incisor associated with severe external apical root: A case report with 2-years follow-up","authors":"P. Gehlot, Brinda Murali, B. Annapoorna, Krishna Prasada","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_47_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_47_21","url":null,"abstract":"A patient reported with pain and sinus opening in relation to a previously root canal treated maxillary central incisor. Intraoral radiograph revealed periapical radiolucency with shortening of root indicating external apical inflammatory root resorption associated with failed endodontic treatment. Nonsurgical re-treatment was started and intracanal calcium hydroxide (CaOH) was placed for four weeks. The tooth was obturated with Biodentine. At 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic and radiograph revealed satisfactory healing. Inflammatory apical root resorption due to failed root canal treatment could compromise the root length and prognosis. Early arrest of such resorption is indicated by nonsurgical re-treatment using CaOH for root canal disinfection and obturating with bioactive material such as Biodentine, which results in the successful arrest of resorption and periapical healing.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"260 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83833963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_98_20
G. Joag, Megha Rustagi
Background: Differentiating acute respiratory distress and wheezing in infants is difficult due to similar clinical presentations. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to diagnose and differentiate bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma on the basis of clinical parameters in infants. Materials and Methods: One hundred infants with fever, cough, and increased respiratory distress with wheezing were included, and detailed clinical history, allergic disorder, immunization status were collected. Study cases were diagnosed as bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, or bronchial asthma based on clinical criteria, and a suitable treatment regimen was provided. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and two-sample proportion test were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 100 cases, 50% of cases were of bronchopneumonia, whereas 36% and 14% of cases were of bronchiolitis and bronchial asthma. A significant difference was observed among them for the history of wheezing (P = 2.839e-12), presentation of various signs and symptoms (P = 0.00), and treatment regimens. The odds of occurrence of bronchopneumonia was more with the signs of flaring of alae nasi and palpable liver (OR=[0.62–4.32]; and [0.63–4.14]). For bronchiolitis also, it was higher if they showed signs of tachycardia, pallor, and reduced breathing sounds (OR = [0.96–6.8679]; [0.44–2.76]; and [0.70–5.44]). Furthermore, for bronchial asthma, it was higher if it presented the signs of tachycardia, cyanosis, reduced breathing sounds, palpable spleen, etc., (OR = [0.90–16.18]; [1.93–36.50]; [0.43–6.92]; and [0.17–11.52]). Ampicillin and gentamicin treatment regimen for bronchopneumonia; salbutamol and intravenous fluids for bronchiolitis; and steroids and salbutamol for bronchial asthma were the choice of treatment. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the differential diagnosis of bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma based on clinical features and will be useful in the rational management of these conditions.
{"title":"Clinical evaluation of acute respiratory distress and chest wheezing in infants","authors":"G. Joag, Megha Rustagi","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_98_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_98_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Differentiating acute respiratory distress and wheezing in infants is difficult due to similar clinical presentations. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to diagnose and differentiate bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma on the basis of clinical parameters in infants. Materials and Methods: One hundred infants with fever, cough, and increased respiratory distress with wheezing were included, and detailed clinical history, allergic disorder, immunization status were collected. Study cases were diagnosed as bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, or bronchial asthma based on clinical criteria, and a suitable treatment regimen was provided. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and two-sample proportion test were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 100 cases, 50% of cases were of bronchopneumonia, whereas 36% and 14% of cases were of bronchiolitis and bronchial asthma. A significant difference was observed among them for the history of wheezing (P = 2.839e-12), presentation of various signs and symptoms (P = 0.00), and treatment regimens. The odds of occurrence of bronchopneumonia was more with the signs of flaring of alae nasi and palpable liver (OR=[0.62–4.32]; and [0.63–4.14]). For bronchiolitis also, it was higher if they showed signs of tachycardia, pallor, and reduced breathing sounds (OR = [0.96–6.8679]; [0.44–2.76]; and [0.70–5.44]). Furthermore, for bronchial asthma, it was higher if it presented the signs of tachycardia, cyanosis, reduced breathing sounds, palpable spleen, etc., (OR = [0.90–16.18]; [1.93–36.50]; [0.43–6.92]; and [0.17–11.52]). Ampicillin and gentamicin treatment regimen for bronchopneumonia; salbutamol and intravenous fluids for bronchiolitis; and steroids and salbutamol for bronchial asthma were the choice of treatment. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the differential diagnosis of bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma based on clinical features and will be useful in the rational management of these conditions.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"51 8 1","pages":"165 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91020048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_152_20
V. Thirunarayanan, T. Sivabalan, S. Cheralathan, M. Ravi, S. Shankar
Introduction: Fractures of the scaphoid bone mainly occur in young adults and constitute 70%–80% of all carpal bone fractures. The aim of our study was to assess the functional outcome of undisplaced and minimally displaced scaphoid fractures with percutaneous Herbert screw fixation. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study from 2016 to 2018 including patients of more than 18 years of both sexes with waist fractures of scaphoid excluding avulsion fractures and compound injuries. The functional outcome of patients was assessed with the Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) at a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Results: Fifteen patients (M: F = 12:3) with a mean age of 39.4 years were enrolled in the study. The mean time to surgery after trauma was 5.75 days. Union was achieved in all the cases at a mean duration of 7.2 weeks; 93.3% (n = 14) of patients showed an excellent outcome, while the other 6.7% (n = 1) showed a good outcome with an average MMWS score of 92.6. Patients were able to reach this functional status as early as 3 months. The average duration of follow-up was 15 months. No major complications were encountered. Conclusion: Percutaneous Herbert screw fixation of scaphoid waist fractures provides excellent functional results enabling the patients to return to the preinjury status as early as 4 months without major complications.
简介:舟状骨骨折主要发生在青壮年，占所有腕骨骨折的70%-80%。我们研究的目的是评估经皮Herbert螺钉固定未移位和最小移位舟骨骨折的功能结果。材料与方法:我们于2016年至2018年进行了一项前瞻性研究，纳入了18岁以上的舟状骨腰部骨折患者，不包括撕脱骨折和复合损伤。在至少1年的随访中，使用改良梅奥手腕评分(MMWS)评估患者的功能结局。结果:15例患者(M: F = 12:3)入组，平均年龄39.4岁。创伤后平均手术时间为5.75天。所有病例均愈合，平均持续时间为7.2周;93.3% (n = 14)的患者预后良好，6.7% (n = 1)的患者预后良好，MMWS平均评分为92.6分。患者早在3个月时就能达到这种功能状态。平均随访时间为15个月。无重大并发症。结论:经皮Herbert螺钉固定舟状骨腰骨折具有良好的功能效果，可使患者早在4个月恢复到伤前状态，无重大并发症。
{"title":"Analysis of functional outcome of management of scaphoid waist fractures with herbert screw fixation","authors":"V. Thirunarayanan, T. Sivabalan, S. Cheralathan, M. Ravi, S. Shankar","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_152_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_152_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fractures of the scaphoid bone mainly occur in young adults and constitute 70%–80% of all carpal bone fractures. The aim of our study was to assess the functional outcome of undisplaced and minimally displaced scaphoid fractures with percutaneous Herbert screw fixation. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study from 2016 to 2018 including patients of more than 18 years of both sexes with waist fractures of scaphoid excluding avulsion fractures and compound injuries. The functional outcome of patients was assessed with the Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) at a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Results: Fifteen patients (M: F = 12:3) with a mean age of 39.4 years were enrolled in the study. The mean time to surgery after trauma was 5.75 days. Union was achieved in all the cases at a mean duration of 7.2 weeks; 93.3% (n = 14) of patients showed an excellent outcome, while the other 6.7% (n = 1) showed a good outcome with an average MMWS score of 92.6. Patients were able to reach this functional status as early as 3 months. The average duration of follow-up was 15 months. No major complications were encountered. Conclusion: Percutaneous Herbert screw fixation of scaphoid waist fractures provides excellent functional results enabling the patients to return to the preinjury status as early as 4 months without major complications.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"193 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79616485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_38_21
V. Sengodan, Hisham Abubeker, A. Pillai
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the gait patterns among Indian elderly participants with younger adults and to assess if altered gait patterns can predispose to trivial falls among the elderly. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited for this study, out of which 160 individuals were young (aged 15–30 years) and 160 individuals were elderly (aged 50–65 years) participants. The following three important gait characteristics, i.e. the stride length, foot clearance, and stride velocity were assessed at our 3D motion analysis laboratory. Results: The elderly participants had a significantly reduced stride length/velocity and foot clearance when compared to the young. Stride velocity although reduced among the elderly participants was however within the normal lower range. Conclusion: Significant reduction in foot clearance is likely to contribute to the higher incidence of falls among the elderly participants. A routine practice to assess these gait parameters in outpatient clinics can be helpful in early detection of the risk of fall among the elderly participants.
{"title":"Merit of gait patterns for early detection of risk of falls among elderly participants: A comparative analysis from India","authors":"V. Sengodan, Hisham Abubeker, A. Pillai","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_38_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_38_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to compare the gait patterns among Indian elderly participants with younger adults and to assess if altered gait patterns can predispose to trivial falls among the elderly. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited for this study, out of which 160 individuals were young (aged 15–30 years) and 160 individuals were elderly (aged 50–65 years) participants. The following three important gait characteristics, i.e. the stride length, foot clearance, and stride velocity were assessed at our 3D motion analysis laboratory. Results: The elderly participants had a significantly reduced stride length/velocity and foot clearance when compared to the young. Stride velocity although reduced among the elderly participants was however within the normal lower range. Conclusion: Significant reduction in foot clearance is likely to contribute to the higher incidence of falls among the elderly participants. A routine practice to assess these gait parameters in outpatient clinics can be helpful in early detection of the risk of fall among the elderly participants.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"203 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76342022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_5_21
T. Poojary, K. Sudha, K. Sowndarya, Reshma Kumarachandra, Y. Durgarao
Background: Zinc is an essential trace element that has been shown to play a crucial role in viral infections. As a part of RNA polymerases, zinc helps in the replication of many viruses. Cholinesterases are low-grade inflammatory markers that have zinc-dependent carboxypeptidase activity. Plasma butyrylcholine esterase is an indicator of dietary zinc level. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) that participate in inflammatory processes and contribute to tissue remodeling and repair are zinc containing endopeptidases. The present study attempts to establish the association of zinc with these enzymes in dengue. Materials and Methods: Plasma zinc, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were estimated spectrophotometrically in 100 dengue patients and 50 healthy controls. MMP9 was determined using ELISA. Results: Plasma zinc was markedly lower in dengue fever patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). Both BChE and AChE decreased significantly in these patients (P < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. There was an elevation of MMP9 in dengue, although the increase was statistically insignificant. Cholinesterases and MMP9 correlated positively with zinc in controls and dengue, although the correlation was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The study highlights the role of zinc in the pathology of dengue, as it is essential for the maintenance of activities of cholinesterases and MMP9 that are involved in anti-inflammatory and tissue remodeling processes. Further, prompt administration of micronutrients like zinc may reduce the adverse manifestations and morbidity in dengue.
{"title":"Biochemical role of zinc in dengue fever","authors":"T. Poojary, K. Sudha, K. Sowndarya, Reshma Kumarachandra, Y. Durgarao","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_5_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_5_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zinc is an essential trace element that has been shown to play a crucial role in viral infections. As a part of RNA polymerases, zinc helps in the replication of many viruses. Cholinesterases are low-grade inflammatory markers that have zinc-dependent carboxypeptidase activity. Plasma butyrylcholine esterase is an indicator of dietary zinc level. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) that participate in inflammatory processes and contribute to tissue remodeling and repair are zinc containing endopeptidases. The present study attempts to establish the association of zinc with these enzymes in dengue. Materials and Methods: Plasma zinc, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were estimated spectrophotometrically in 100 dengue patients and 50 healthy controls. MMP9 was determined using ELISA. Results: Plasma zinc was markedly lower in dengue fever patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). Both BChE and AChE decreased significantly in these patients (P < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. There was an elevation of MMP9 in dengue, although the increase was statistically insignificant. Cholinesterases and MMP9 correlated positively with zinc in controls and dengue, although the correlation was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The study highlights the role of zinc in the pathology of dengue, as it is essential for the maintenance of activities of cholinesterases and MMP9 that are involved in anti-inflammatory and tissue remodeling processes. Further, prompt administration of micronutrients like zinc may reduce the adverse manifestations and morbidity in dengue.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"57 22","pages":"131 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72366942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_187_20
Rehab Elmougy, A. Elsaid, N. Salah
Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease affecting both children and adults. Cytokines act as inflammatory mediators in childhood NS. Excretion of too much protein in patients' urine as well as reduction in albumin levels in their blood are the most common symptoms of NS. Aim of the Study: The aim is to assess the potential relationship of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (−308 G/A) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) (−509C/T) genes with the incidence of NS. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 99 healthy children and 98 children with NS have been included. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the gene polymorphism of both TNF-α-G308A and TGF-β1 (−509C/T). Results: The TNF-α G308A showed a significant different genotype distribution among children with NS compared with the healthy volunteers (GG vs. AA, P = 0.0009; [odds ratio [OR] 95% CI = 25.2 [2.45–259.23]); GG vs. GA, P = 0.001; (OR 95% CI = 4.84 [1.74–13.5]); as well as alleles distribution of G vs. A, P = 0.022; (OR 95% CI = 1.06 [1.068–2.42]). However, there is a non-significant variation in the frequency of TGF-β1 (-509C/T) genotypes (CC, CT and TT) respectively (11.4%, 78.5% and 10.1) in NS patients, compared with their corresponding levels in healthy control subjects (15.5%, 68% and 16.5). Conclusion: TNF-α-G308A polymorphism may help to early predict the incidence of NS in children, while TGF-β1 showed no effect on the disease incidence.
背景:肾病综合征(NS)是一种影响儿童和成人的疾病。细胞因子在儿童NS中起炎症介质的作用。患者尿液中蛋白质排泄过多以及血液中白蛋白水平降低是NS最常见的症状。研究目的:目的是评估肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α (- 308 G/A)和转化生长因子β1 (TGF-β1) (- 509C/T)基因与NS发病的潜在关系。对象和方法:本研究纳入99名健康儿童和98名NS患儿。采用聚合酶链反应检测TNF-α-G308A和TGF-β1基因多态性(- 509C/T)。结果:NS患儿的TNF-α G308A基因型分布与健康志愿者有显著差异(GG vs. AA, P = 0.0009;[比值比[OR] 95% CI = 25.2 [2.45-259.23]);GG vs. GA, P = 0.001;(95% ci = 4.84 [1.74-13.5]);G与A的等位基因分布，P = 0.022;(95% ci = 1.06[1.068-2.42])。然而，NS患者TGF-β1 (-509C/T)基因型(CC、CT和TT)的频率分别为11.4%、78.5%和10.1，与健康对照组的相应水平(15.5%、68%和16.5%)相比，差异无统计学意义。结论:TNF-α-G308A多态性可能有助于早期预测儿童NS的发病率，而TGF-β1对疾病发病率无影响。
{"title":"The impact of tumor necrosis factor-α (-308 G/A) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (-509C/T) gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with primary nephrotic syndrome","authors":"Rehab Elmougy, A. Elsaid, N. Salah","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_187_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_187_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease affecting both children and adults. Cytokines act as inflammatory mediators in childhood NS. Excretion of too much protein in patients' urine as well as reduction in albumin levels in their blood are the most common symptoms of NS. Aim of the Study: The aim is to assess the potential relationship of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (−308 G/A) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) (−509C/T) genes with the incidence of NS. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 99 healthy children and 98 children with NS have been included. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the gene polymorphism of both TNF-α-G308A and TGF-β1 (−509C/T). Results: The TNF-α G308A showed a significant different genotype distribution among children with NS compared with the healthy volunteers (GG vs. AA, P = 0.0009; [odds ratio [OR] 95% CI = 25.2 [2.45–259.23]); GG vs. GA, P = 0.001; (OR 95% CI = 4.84 [1.74–13.5]); as well as alleles distribution of G vs. A, P = 0.022; (OR 95% CI = 1.06 [1.068–2.42]). However, there is a non-significant variation in the frequency of TGF-β1 (-509C/T) genotypes (CC, CT and TT) respectively (11.4%, 78.5% and 10.1) in NS patients, compared with their corresponding levels in healthy control subjects (15.5%, 68% and 16.5). Conclusion: TNF-α-G308A polymorphism may help to early predict the incidence of NS in children, while TGF-β1 showed no effect on the disease incidence.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"180 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84496779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_50_21
R. Rajesh, M. Lal Prasanth
Background: Lichens are renowned organisms with slow growth rate and are competent to extreme habitats with their bioactive secondary metabolites getting enormous attention owing to their dominant contribution in therapeutics. The present work focuses on the ethanolic extraction of a novel secondary metabolite, 5, 7-dihydroxy-3-(1-oxo-1H-inden-7-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one from Pyxine coccifera lichen. Materials and Methods: The secondary metabolite is isolated using column chromatographic technique. A comprehensive phytochemical analysis of the extract is carried out using various characterization techniques. Results: Using ultraviolet, Fourier transform infrared, Thin-layer chromatography High-performance liquid chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometry, a detailed phytochemical study of P. coccifera ethanolic extract was performed. The results led to the identification and characterization of 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(1-oxo-1H-inden-7-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one based on their precise molecular masses and molecular formula. After dose-dependent treatment with lichen ethanol extract, cell viability analysis measured after 48 h revealed that the morphology of A549 human lung cancer cells had changed. In comparison to monitor cell viability, P. coccifera ethanolic extract (17.50 μg) significantly reduced the spread of A549 human lung cancer cells. Conclusions: The isolated bioactive secondary metabolite has excellent antiproliferative activity against A-549 lung cancer cells.
{"title":"Isolation, identification, and cytotoxic study of secondary metabolites from Pyxine Coccifera lichen","authors":"R. Rajesh, M. Lal Prasanth","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_50_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_50_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lichens are renowned organisms with slow growth rate and are competent to extreme habitats with their bioactive secondary metabolites getting enormous attention owing to their dominant contribution in therapeutics. The present work focuses on the ethanolic extraction of a novel secondary metabolite, 5, 7-dihydroxy-3-(1-oxo-1H-inden-7-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one from Pyxine coccifera lichen. Materials and Methods: The secondary metabolite is isolated using column chromatographic technique. A comprehensive phytochemical analysis of the extract is carried out using various characterization techniques. Results: Using ultraviolet, Fourier transform infrared, Thin-layer chromatography High-performance liquid chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Liquid chromatography-Mass spectrometry, a detailed phytochemical study of P. coccifera ethanolic extract was performed. The results led to the identification and characterization of 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(1-oxo-1H-inden-7-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one based on their precise molecular masses and molecular formula. After dose-dependent treatment with lichen ethanol extract, cell viability analysis measured after 48 h revealed that the morphology of A549 human lung cancer cells had changed. In comparison to monitor cell viability, P. coccifera ethanolic extract (17.50 μg) significantly reduced the spread of A549 human lung cancer cells. Conclusions: The isolated bioactive secondary metabolite has excellent antiproliferative activity against A-549 lung cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"242 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81485119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_53_21
L. Rerksuppaphol, S. Rerksuppaphol
Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been established as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Various equations have been proposed for LDL-C calculation; however, the accuracy of these equations varies among different ethnicities. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and concordance of LDL-C equations for dyslipidemia classifications in Thai adults. Materials and Methods: The lipid profiles of 1091 healthy Thai adults were measured using a homogenous enzymatic assay. The estimated LDL-C equations by Friedewald, Ahmadi, Anandaraja, Chen, Cordova, Densethakul, Hattori, Martin, Puavillai, Sampson, and Vujovic were compared to directly measured LDL-C using Pearson's correlation test. Cohen's kappa statistic was also used to test the concordance of the LDL-C equations with directly measured LDL-C levels, according to the standard guidelines for blood cholesterol management. Results: The LDL-C values calculated by Friedewald, Sampson, and Chen equations showed a high degree of correlation and values close to directly measured LDL-C levels with mean differences ranging from − 0.04 to 0.07 mmol/L. All these three equations had a high degree of concordances with directly measured LDL-C levels for classifying the degree of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Friedewald, Sampson, and Chen equations showed better estimations of LDL-C levels and had higher accuracy in classifying the degree of LDL-C strata than other equations in the Thai population.
{"title":"Comparison of equations for the calculation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in thai population","authors":"L. Rerksuppaphol, S. Rerksuppaphol","doi":"10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_53_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_53_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been established as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Various equations have been proposed for LDL-C calculation; however, the accuracy of these equations varies among different ethnicities. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and concordance of LDL-C equations for dyslipidemia classifications in Thai adults. Materials and Methods: The lipid profiles of 1091 healthy Thai adults were measured using a homogenous enzymatic assay. The estimated LDL-C equations by Friedewald, Ahmadi, Anandaraja, Chen, Cordova, Densethakul, Hattori, Martin, Puavillai, Sampson, and Vujovic were compared to directly measured LDL-C using Pearson's correlation test. Cohen's kappa statistic was also used to test the concordance of the LDL-C equations with directly measured LDL-C levels, according to the standard guidelines for blood cholesterol management. Results: The LDL-C values calculated by Friedewald, Sampson, and Chen equations showed a high degree of correlation and values close to directly measured LDL-C levels with mean differences ranging from − 0.04 to 0.07 mmol/L. All these three equations had a high degree of concordances with directly measured LDL-C levels for classifying the degree of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Friedewald, Sampson, and Chen equations showed better estimations of LDL-C levels and had higher accuracy in classifying the degree of LDL-C strata than other equations in the Thai population.","PeriodicalId":16373,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"224 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84495799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：