Pub Date : 2017-10-10DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000446
P. Patrikelis, G. Lucci, A. Alexoudi, M. Kosmidis, A. Siatouni, A. Verentzioti, D. Sakas, S. Gatzonis
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a neuro-optimization intervention to determine the suitability for surgery in a patient suffering from left medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The rehabilitation program was aimed at amplifying cognitive resources and improving memory functioning, particularly in the non-dominant healthy hemisphere. Method: A preoperative neuro-optimization program, inspired by the functional reserve model and the right hemisphere’s verbal processing potential, was adopted. This neuro-optimization program targeted global cognitive and metacognitive enhancement with an emphasis on memory functions of the right temporal lobe, i.e., the functional upgrade of the healthy right hippocampus and related structures to assist memory after surgery. Results: After a 32 weeks neuro-optimization program, the patient once again underwent intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT). This time his right hemisphere memory functioning yielded a borderline score, allowing us to consider surgery. Immediately after surgery, the patient was seizure free and did not show any clinically significant memory impairment. At six months post-surgery he had largely preserved memory optimization gains. Conclusion: Preoperative optimization interventions aiming at enhancing cognition, in general and memory of the healthy hemisphere, in particular, may contribute to a positive memory outcome after left selective amygdalohippocampectomy.
{"title":"Can Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Determine the Candidacy for Epilepsy Surgery? Implications for Cognitive Reserve Theorizing","authors":"P. Patrikelis, G. Lucci, A. Alexoudi, M. Kosmidis, A. Siatouni, A. Verentzioti, D. Sakas, S. Gatzonis","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000446","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a neuro-optimization intervention to determine the suitability for surgery in a patient suffering from left medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The rehabilitation program was aimed at amplifying cognitive resources and improving memory functioning, particularly in the non-dominant healthy hemisphere. \u0000Method: A preoperative neuro-optimization program, inspired by the functional reserve model and the right hemisphere’s verbal processing potential, was adopted. This neuro-optimization program targeted global cognitive and metacognitive enhancement with an emphasis on memory functions of the right temporal lobe, i.e., the functional upgrade of the healthy right hippocampus and related structures to assist memory after surgery. \u0000Results: After a 32 weeks neuro-optimization program, the patient once again underwent intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT). This time his right hemisphere memory functioning yielded a borderline score, allowing us to consider surgery. Immediately after surgery, the patient was seizure free and did not show any clinically significant memory impairment. At six months post-surgery he had largely preserved memory optimization gains. \u0000Conclusion: Preoperative optimization interventions aiming at enhancing cognition, in general and memory of the healthy hemisphere, in particular, may contribute to a positive memory outcome after left selective amygdalohippocampectomy.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91127241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-08DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000447
Tripathi Kaushalendra, R. Tripathi
Lung cancer frequently presents with metastasis to the brain. Previously multiple metastases to the brain, described as miliary metastasis, have been reported with lung cancer and more commonly adenocarcinoma subtype. Various gene mutations involving exon 19, exon 20 and exon 21 have been reported with such metastasis. Though the prognosis is poor it is useful to identify such spread in order to tailor the treatment plan for a patient. We present a case of miliary metastasis to the brain in a patient with Grade IVa lung cancer presenting with confusion and speech difficulties.
{"title":"Rare Presentation of Miliary Brain Metastasis in Absence of TypicallyAssociated Mutation","authors":"Tripathi Kaushalendra, R. Tripathi","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000447","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer frequently presents with metastasis to the brain. Previously multiple metastases to the brain, described as miliary metastasis, have been reported with lung cancer and more commonly adenocarcinoma subtype. Various gene mutations involving exon 19, exon 20 and exon 21 have been reported with such metastasis. Though the prognosis is poor it is useful to identify such spread in order to tailor the treatment plan for a patient. We present a case of miliary metastasis to the brain in a patient with Grade IVa lung cancer presenting with confusion and speech difficulties.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"194 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79774075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-C1-051
R. Cartolari
{"title":"The diagnostic evaluation of the operated lumbar spine","authors":"R. Cartolari","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-C1-051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-C1-051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74944948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-C1-054
K. Burns
The latest advances in cell reconstructing advances open up additional opportunities for the age of foundational microorganism lines and explicit separated cell types from understanding own substantial cells that can be utilized for malady displaying, poisonousness screening, and medication disclosure and digestion examines. These historic revelations constrained specialists to contemplate new ways to deal with research illness components, medicate advancement, and cell-based medicines for a scope of ailments and offered to ascend to innumerable applications in regenerative medication. In the course of the most recent decade, a few cell reconstructing techniques, for example, atomic exchange, cell combination, and transfection, or transduction with pluripotent factors have been created. Be that as it may, most of these advancements require the introduction of cell cores to enormous reinventing atoms by means of transfection, transduction, cell combination, or atomic exchange. These techniques raise a few specialized, wellbeing, and moral issues. Later a few examinations, including our own, indicated that substantial cell reconstructing can be likewise accomplished by the mix of little atoms that incorporate modulators of chromatin structure and capacity joined with the modulators of explicit cell flagging pathways (1-3). This information proposes that with fitting epigenetic changes cells can get receptive to the components that advance multi-or pluripotency or actuate cell ancestry transformations. By utilizing this cell reinventing approach we have had the option to turn human mesenchymal undeveloped cells (hMSCs) straightforwardly into neuronal begetters that can possibly create diverse neuronal subtypes, for example, dopaminergic, cholinergic, and GABAergic cells when further developed in proper neuronal separation media. The restorative impact of these specific neural cells showed in a few creature models of neurological issues, for example, spinal rope injury, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
{"title":"Neurology of the Posture System, the Structure and Function Connection","authors":"K. Burns","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-C1-054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-C1-054","url":null,"abstract":"The latest advances in cell reconstructing advances open up additional opportunities for the age of foundational microorganism lines and explicit separated cell types from understanding own substantial cells that can be utilized for malady displaying, poisonousness screening, and medication disclosure and digestion examines. These historic revelations constrained specialists to contemplate new ways to deal with research illness components, medicate advancement, and cell-based medicines for a scope of ailments and offered to ascend to innumerable applications in regenerative medication. In the course of the most recent decade, a few cell reconstructing techniques, for example, atomic exchange, cell combination, and transfection, or transduction with pluripotent factors have been created. Be that as it may, most of these advancements require the introduction of cell cores to enormous reinventing atoms by means of transfection, transduction, cell combination, or atomic exchange. These techniques raise a few specialized, wellbeing, and moral issues. Later a few examinations, including our own, indicated that substantial cell reconstructing can be likewise accomplished by the mix of little atoms that incorporate modulators of chromatin structure and capacity joined with the modulators of explicit cell flagging pathways (1-3). This information proposes that with fitting epigenetic changes cells can get receptive to the components that advance multi-or pluripotency or actuate cell ancestry transformations. By utilizing this cell reinventing approach we have had the option to turn human mesenchymal undeveloped cells (hMSCs) straightforwardly into neuronal begetters that can possibly create diverse neuronal subtypes, for example, dopaminergic, cholinergic, and GABAergic cells when further developed in proper neuronal separation media. The restorative impact of these specific neural cells showed in a few creature models of neurological issues, for example, spinal rope injury, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88012124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000442
S. Shi
{"title":"Arterial Vascular Variation of the Head and Neck and Its ClinicalSignificance","authors":"S. Shi","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75307590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000439
S. Bistazzoni, M. Angelis, M. D'Ercole, Carmela Chiaramonte, A. Carotenuto, G. Cardarelli, F. Ricciardi, G. Innocenzi, G. Guizzardi
Aim of this prospective study is to assess the effect of posterior dynamic stabilization IntraSPINE system on sagittal spinal balance, using EOS® X-Ray imaging system. Between March and December 2015, 8 patients affected by lumbar soft stenosis underwent indirect decompression of the lumbar canal by positioning of IntraSPINE® device. Sagittal balance was evaluated considering following parameters: C7 Plum Line (C7PL), Thoracic Kyphosis (TK), Lumbar Lordosis (LL), Pelvic Tilt (PT), Pelvic Index (PI) and Sacral Slope (SS). The EOS® 2D/3D system and corresponding sterEOS 3D software for surface 3D reconstruction has been used to calculate the above mentioned parameters. All patients had neurogenic claudication and low back pain for more than 6 months and resistant to drug treatment. They underwent clinical examination before surgery and 1 month after surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software. All results were considered significant if p<0.05. C7PL, TK, LL, PI and SS were not modified after surgery. PT increased after surgery. VAS, ODI and JOA significantly increased after surgery. The results show that the posterior dynamic stabilization offered by this device leads to a good symptoms control and does not seems to change the sagittal balance.
{"title":"Evaluation of Effect of Posterior Dynamic Stabilization IntraSPINE Systemon Sagittal Spinal Balance using EOS ® X-Ray Imaging System","authors":"S. Bistazzoni, M. Angelis, M. D'Ercole, Carmela Chiaramonte, A. Carotenuto, G. Cardarelli, F. Ricciardi, G. Innocenzi, G. Guizzardi","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000439","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of this prospective study is to assess the effect of posterior dynamic stabilization IntraSPINE system on sagittal spinal balance, using EOS® X-Ray imaging system. Between March and December 2015, 8 patients affected by lumbar soft stenosis underwent indirect decompression of the lumbar canal by positioning of IntraSPINE® device. Sagittal balance was evaluated considering following parameters: C7 Plum Line (C7PL), Thoracic Kyphosis (TK), Lumbar Lordosis (LL), Pelvic Tilt (PT), Pelvic Index (PI) and Sacral Slope (SS). The EOS® 2D/3D system and corresponding sterEOS 3D software for surface 3D reconstruction has been used to calculate the above mentioned parameters. All patients had neurogenic claudication and low back pain for more than 6 months and resistant to drug treatment. They underwent clinical examination before surgery and 1 month after surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata software. All results were considered significant if p<0.05. C7PL, TK, LL, PI and SS were not modified after surgery. PT increased after surgery. VAS, ODI and JOA significantly increased after surgery. The results show that the posterior dynamic stabilization offered by this device leads to a good symptoms control and does not seems to change the sagittal balance.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76196516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000440
S. Senadim, Zeynep Ezgi Balçık, E. Uygun, Mahir Yusifov, B. Güveli, H. D. Atakli
Background: Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) presents with complex, vivid, repetitive visual hallucinations that occur in people who have lost some of their vision. The most common cause is senile macular degeneration. CBS can occur, rarely, in patients whose visual pathways are affected. We present five patients with complex visual hallucinations who had occipital lobe lesions after ischemic stroke. Case report: The patients included four men and one woman with a mean age of 71.8 ± 13.08 years. The neurological examinations showed left homonymous hemianopsia in four patients and right homonymous hemianopsia in one, plus there was hemiparesis in two patients and ataxia in one patient. An acute ischemic lesion was seen in the posterior cerebral artery territory in all patients on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Visual hallucinations in the hemianopic area occurred within the first 48 h of the stroke and lasted from a few minutes to half an hour. Electroencephalography (EEG) taken while symptomatic or shortly thereafter showed mild bioelectrical slowing in the right hemisphere in one patient, while the EEGs of the other patients were normal. During follow-up, the visual hallucinations disappeared in all patients within 3 months, without special treatment. Conclusion: The correct diagnosis of CBS, and treatment if necessary, are important and require an evaluation by a multidisciplinary team that includes neurologists, ophthalmologists, and psychiatrists.
{"title":"Visual Hallucinations and Ischemic Stroke: Review of 5 Cases","authors":"S. Senadim, Zeynep Ezgi Balçık, E. Uygun, Mahir Yusifov, B. Güveli, H. D. Atakli","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000440","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) presents with complex, vivid, repetitive visual hallucinations that occur in people who have lost some of their vision. The most common cause is senile macular degeneration. CBS can occur, rarely, in patients whose visual pathways are affected. We present five patients with complex visual hallucinations who had occipital lobe lesions after ischemic stroke. Case report: The patients included four men and one woman with a mean age of 71.8 ± 13.08 years. The neurological examinations showed left homonymous hemianopsia in four patients and right homonymous hemianopsia in one, plus there was hemiparesis in two patients and ataxia in one patient. An acute ischemic lesion was seen in the posterior cerebral artery territory in all patients on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Visual hallucinations in the hemianopic area occurred within the first 48 h of the stroke and lasted from a few minutes to half an hour. Electroencephalography (EEG) taken while symptomatic or shortly thereafter showed mild bioelectrical slowing in the right hemisphere in one patient, while the EEGs of the other patients were normal. During follow-up, the visual hallucinations disappeared in all patients within 3 months, without special treatment. Conclusion: The correct diagnosis of CBS, and treatment if necessary, are important and require an evaluation by a multidisciplinary team that includes neurologists, ophthalmologists, and psychiatrists.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84553661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000441
Jacqueline A Hinds
{"title":"Leading transformation in healthcare and the role of emotional intelligence","authors":"Jacqueline A Hinds","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75216149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000443
R. D. Giacomo, V. d'Agostino, M. V. Angelis, F. Cerritelli, L. Marchionno, M. C. D’Amico, Astrid Thomas, M. Onofrj, L. Bonanni
Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is often characterized by altered emotional processing, such as depression and alexithymia. Alexithymic and depressive symptoms may be partially overlapping and the relative independence of these two disorders is strongly debated. Reduced echogenicity of midbrain raphe, evaluated with transcranial sonography (TCS), is a characteristic finding in depression associated with PD. No data are available on brainstem's echogenicity in alexithymic PD patients. We assessed, by means of transcranial sonography, possible differences between PD patient with or without alexithymia and/or depression. Methods: We recruited 22 PD patients among our local cohort of 200 patients referred to our Movement Disorder Center during 2014. All patients were treated with optimal dose of dopaminomimetic (L-DOPA EQ mg 499.7 ± 256.3) and underwent neuropsychological tests including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Motor symptoms were assessed with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS III) and modified Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y). TCS was performed, through temporal window, using a color-coded phasedarray ultrasound system (SONOS 7500), to evaluate midbrain raphe (0=absent, 1=discontinuous, 2=continuous). Results: TAS-20 and BDI identified 4 patients with depression without alexithymic symptoms (18.18%), 7 alexithymic patients without depression (31.82%), 5 PD patients with depression and alexithymia (22.73%) and 6 PD patients without any of the two disorders (27.27%). At statistical analysis hypoechogenicity correlated with BDI score and the presence of alexithymia was not significantly correlated with absent or discontinuous raphe. Conclusion: The study evidenced the presence of hypoechogenicity in the midbrain raphe in PD patient with depression. No alteration of midbrain raphe was found in PD patients with alexithymia. These findings suggest that while depression in PD may involve central component of brainstem midline, constituting the basal limbic system, called mesocorticolimbic pathway, alteration in alexithymia does not affect the midbrain. This study provides further evidence that depression and alexithymia are independent affective disorder.
目的:帕金森病(PD)通常以情绪处理改变为特征，如抑郁和述情障碍。述情障碍和抑郁症状可能部分重叠，这两种疾病的相对独立性存在强烈争议。经颅超声(TCS)评估中脑中缝回声减弱是PD相关抑郁的特征性发现。没有关于述情障碍PD患者脑干回声性的数据。我们通过经颅超声来评估伴有或不伴有述情障碍和/或抑郁的PD患者之间可能的差异。方法:我们从2014年转介到我们的运动障碍中心的200名当地队列患者中招募了22名PD患者。所有患者均给予最佳剂量的多巴胺类药物(L-DOPA EQ mg 499.7±256.3)治疗，并进行贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和多伦多Alexithymia量表-20 (TAS-20)等神经心理测试。采用统一帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS III)和改进的Hoehn and Yahr量表(H&Y)评估运动症状。通过时间窗，使用彩色编码相控阵超声系统(SONOS 7500)进行TCS，评估中脑中缝(0=缺失，1=不连续，2=连续)。结果:TAS-20和BDI共鉴定出无述情症状的抑郁症患者4例(18.18%)，无抑郁的述情症状患者7例(31.82%)，抑郁合并述情障碍的PD患者5例(22.73%)，无两种疾病的PD患者6例(27.27%)。经统计分析，低回声性与BDI评分相关，述情障碍的存在与断续或缺失无显著相关。结论:PD合并抑郁症患者中脑中缝存在低回声。PD合并述情障碍的患者中脑中缝未见改变。这些发现表明，虽然PD患者的抑郁可能涉及脑干中线的中枢部分，即构成基底边缘系统的中皮质边缘通路，但述情障碍的改变并不影响中脑。本研究进一步证明抑郁症和述情障碍是独立的情感性障碍。
{"title":"Brainstem Midline Assessed by Transcranial Sonography in Parkinson'sDisease: Further Evidence of a Different Etiopathogenesis of Alexithymiaand Depression","authors":"R. D. Giacomo, V. d'Agostino, M. V. Angelis, F. Cerritelli, L. Marchionno, M. C. D’Amico, Astrid Thomas, M. Onofrj, L. Bonanni","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000443","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is often characterized by altered emotional processing, such as depression and alexithymia. Alexithymic and depressive symptoms may be partially overlapping and the relative independence of these two disorders is strongly debated. Reduced echogenicity of midbrain raphe, evaluated with transcranial sonography (TCS), is a characteristic finding in depression associated with PD. No data are available on brainstem's echogenicity in alexithymic PD patients. We assessed, by means of transcranial sonography, possible differences between PD patient with or without alexithymia and/or depression. Methods: We recruited 22 PD patients among our local cohort of 200 patients referred to our Movement Disorder Center during 2014. All patients were treated with optimal dose of dopaminomimetic (L-DOPA EQ mg 499.7 ± 256.3) and underwent neuropsychological tests including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Motor symptoms were assessed with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS III) and modified Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y). TCS was performed, through temporal window, using a color-coded phasedarray ultrasound system (SONOS 7500), to evaluate midbrain raphe (0=absent, 1=discontinuous, 2=continuous). Results: TAS-20 and BDI identified 4 patients with depression without alexithymic symptoms (18.18%), 7 alexithymic patients without depression (31.82%), 5 PD patients with depression and alexithymia (22.73%) and 6 PD patients without any of the two disorders (27.27%). At statistical analysis hypoechogenicity correlated with BDI score and the presence of alexithymia was not significantly correlated with absent or discontinuous raphe. Conclusion: The study evidenced the presence of hypoechogenicity in the midbrain raphe in PD patient with depression. No alteration of midbrain raphe was found in PD patients with alexithymia. These findings suggest that while depression in PD may involve central component of brainstem midline, constituting the basal limbic system, called mesocorticolimbic pathway, alteration in alexithymia does not affect the midbrain. This study provides further evidence that depression and alexithymia are independent affective disorder.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78917791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-05DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000438
M. Ponzano, L. Beratto, C. Mazzà, S. Ditommaso, F. AbateDaga, R. Allois, M. Gollin
Objective: To compare the effects of Pilates®, a 30 s static stretching protocol and elastic bands resistance training on lower and hand-grip strength, rachis morphology, flexibility and body balance among RRMS patients. Methods: Twenty-two subjects affected by relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS, EDSS ≤ 6) were randomly divided into 3 groups whose members each performed 16 weeks of training. Stabilometry, rachis morphology, sit and reach, handgrip and sit to stand tests were performed three times: T0, after a month of learning training protocols; T1, after eight weeks of training; and T2, after sixteen weeks of training. Results: Static stretching group. Spinal Mouse (inclination line between ThSp1 and S1 from a standing position): T0 vs. T2, -55%; Sit and Reach test: T0 vs. T2, +15%. Pilates group. Sit and Reach test: T0 vs. T2, +15%; Sit to Stand test: T0 vs. T2, +31%. Elastic group. Stabilometry with eyes open: T0 vs. T1, -51%; stabilometry with eyes closed: T0 vs. T1, -52%; sit to stand test: T0 vs. T2, +39%. Conclusion: Static stretching, Pilates and resistance training are useful to increase the autonomy in the daily life of people with MS thanks to the adoption of these three different training methods.
目的:比较普拉提®、30 s静态拉伸方案和弹性带阻力训练对RRMS患者下肢和手部力量、脊柱形态、柔韧性和身体平衡的影响。方法:22例复发-缓解型多发性硬化症(RRMS, EDSS≤6)患者随机分为3组，每组进行16周的训练。在学习训练方案一个月后，进行了三次稳定性测量、脊柱形态、坐与伸、握力和坐与站测试;T1，经过8周的训练;T2，经过16周的训练。结果:静态拉伸组。脊髓小鼠(从站立位置ThSp1和S1之间的倾斜线):T0 vs. T2， -55%;坐举测试:T0 vs. T2， +15%。普拉提。坐伸测试:T0 vs. T2， +15%;坐立比测试:T0 vs. T2， +31%。弹性组。睁眼稳定性:T0 vs. T1， -51%;闭眼稳定性:T0 vs. T1， -52%;静坐测试:T0 vs. T2， +39%。结论:静态拉伸、普拉提和阻力训练三种不同的训练方法均有助于增强MS患者日常生活中的自主性。
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