Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000459
Canmin Zhu, Ming Li, Jiaping Xiao, Xuan Zhang, Mei Zhang, Qiang Li, W. Zeng
Objective: To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of Ondine's curse syndrome secondary brainstem infarction. Methods: Analysis bsaed on the clinical and imaging data of 3 patients with Ondine's curse syndrome secondary brainstem infarctions in last four years. Case Report: All the 3 patients were found in with brainstem lacunar infarction and had further afflicted with Ondine's curse syndrome. Among these 3 patients, 2 patients died and the other one survived by mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Sleep-apnea should be closely monitored to prevent from the occurrence of Ondine's curse syndrome with brainstem infarctions. Timely treatment by mechanical ventilation can reduce the occurrence of fatal Ondine's curse.
{"title":"Case Report: Ondine's Curse Syndrome Secondary Brainstem Infarction","authors":"Canmin Zhu, Ming Li, Jiaping Xiao, Xuan Zhang, Mei Zhang, Qiang Li, W. Zeng","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000459","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of Ondine's curse syndrome secondary brainstem infarction. Methods: Analysis bsaed on the clinical and imaging data of 3 patients with Ondine's curse syndrome secondary brainstem infarctions in last four years. Case Report: All the 3 patients were found in with brainstem lacunar infarction and had further afflicted with Ondine's curse syndrome. Among these 3 patients, 2 patients died and the other one survived by mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Sleep-apnea should be closely monitored to prevent from the occurrence of Ondine's curse syndrome with brainstem infarctions. Timely treatment by mechanical ventilation can reduce the occurrence of fatal Ondine's curse.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82737192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000466
Ginenus Fekadu, Legesse Chelkeba, Tsegaye Melaku, E. Tegene
Background: In the modern approach in treating patients with strokes requires early Computed Tomography (CT) scan as it is imperative to diagnose whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic. Clinical diagnosis of stroke does not always correlate with imaging; this is even worse when narrowed to clinical diagnosis of specific stroke subtype, creating a high potential for patient morbidity and mortality. Patients and methods: Prospective observational study was carried at stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center from March 10-July 10, 2017. Result: Of the total 116 patients, 61 patients (52.6%) had CT scan of the brain performed, whereas the remaining (47.4 %) of patients were evaluated clinically alone to have stroke. Using World health organization (WHO) criteria, 51.7% patients had ischemic stroke while 48.3% had hemorrhagic, with Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) accounting for 44.0% and 4.3%, respectively. The median time to perform CT scan after hospital arrival was 4 days. The most common site of lesion of brain of hemorrhage stroke patients was basal ganglia (48.4%) followed by parietal lobe (29.0%) and ventricular (29.0%). The most common site of brain infarct was parietal lobe (33.3%) and cortical (33.3%), followed by basal ganglia (23.3%) and caudate nucleus (20.0%). On CT scan majority of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients had Intraparenchymal Bleed (IPB) only (61.3%) and right hemisphere involvement (26.7%) respectively. The predominant stroke etiology as Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria was undetermined etiology, 26 (43.3%), mainly because of incomplete evaluation. Conclusion: Etiologic investigation for stroke was infrequently performed by the lack of systematic cardiological examinations and brain imaging, most of the time for financial reasons and unavailability of the instruments. It is therefore, pertinent that CT scan/ MRI should be incorporated in stroke diagnosis and management where possible.
{"title":"Pathological Sub Types and Diagnostic Protocols of Stroke among Adult Patients Admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, South West Ethiopia","authors":"Ginenus Fekadu, Legesse Chelkeba, Tsegaye Melaku, E. Tegene","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000466","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the modern approach in treating patients with strokes requires early Computed Tomography (CT) scan as it is imperative to diagnose whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic. Clinical diagnosis of stroke does not always correlate with imaging; this is even worse when narrowed to clinical diagnosis of specific stroke subtype, creating a high potential for patient morbidity and mortality. Patients and methods: Prospective observational study was carried at stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center from March 10-July 10, 2017. Result: Of the total 116 patients, 61 patients (52.6%) had CT scan of the brain performed, whereas the remaining (47.4 %) of patients were evaluated clinically alone to have stroke. Using World health organization (WHO) criteria, 51.7% patients had ischemic stroke while 48.3% had hemorrhagic, with Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) accounting for 44.0% and 4.3%, respectively. The median time to perform CT scan after hospital arrival was 4 days. The most common site of lesion of brain of hemorrhage stroke patients was basal ganglia (48.4%) followed by parietal lobe (29.0%) and ventricular (29.0%). The most common site of brain infarct was parietal lobe (33.3%) and cortical (33.3%), followed by basal ganglia (23.3%) and caudate nucleus (20.0%). On CT scan majority of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients had Intraparenchymal Bleed (IPB) only (61.3%) and right hemisphere involvement (26.7%) respectively. The predominant stroke etiology as Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria was undetermined etiology, 26 (43.3%), mainly because of incomplete evaluation. Conclusion: Etiologic investigation for stroke was infrequently performed by the lack of systematic cardiological examinations and brain imaging, most of the time for financial reasons and unavailability of the instruments. It is therefore, pertinent that CT scan/ MRI should be incorporated in stroke diagnosis and management where possible.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82907572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000476
Y. Nosaki, K. Ohyama, Maki Watanabe, T. Yokoi, K. Iwai, K. Mokuno
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is a distinct subtype of CAA characterized by rapidly progressive cognitive decline, focal deficits, seizures, and headache. It is characterized by vasculitis associated with cerebral amyloid deposition. Differential diagnosis may be challenging due to overlapping symptoms and lack of clear imaging criteria, although CCA-ri is usually responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. We describe an 81-year-old female diagnosed with CAA-ri by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) imaging revealed hyperintense lesions in the bilateral temporal and occipital areas, and T2*-weighted gradient echo (T2*-GRE) imaging demonstrated multiple cortical and subcortical hypointensities in the same areas. Furthermore, the findings of T2*-GRE were confirmed by Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging (SWI). In cases of encephalopathy, CAA-ri should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and the presence of microbleeds should be examined using T2*-GRE and (or) SWI MRI.
{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Manifestations of Bilateral Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation with Seizures","authors":"Y. Nosaki, K. Ohyama, Maki Watanabe, T. Yokoi, K. Iwai, K. Mokuno","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000476","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is a distinct subtype of CAA characterized by rapidly progressive cognitive decline, focal deficits, seizures, and headache. It is characterized by vasculitis associated with cerebral amyloid deposition. Differential diagnosis may be challenging due to overlapping symptoms and lack of clear imaging criteria, although CCA-ri is usually responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. We describe an 81-year-old female diagnosed with CAA-ri by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) imaging revealed hyperintense lesions in the bilateral temporal and occipital areas, and T2*-weighted gradient echo (T2*-GRE) imaging demonstrated multiple cortical and subcortical hypointensities in the same areas. Furthermore, the findings of T2*-GRE were confirmed by Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging (SWI). In cases of encephalopathy, CAA-ri should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and the presence of microbleeds should be examined using T2*-GRE and (or) SWI MRI.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89401406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000475
S. Guler, H. H. Selçuk, Fulya Eren, Evşen Apaydın, A. Soysal
{"title":"Leptomeningeal Metastasis as the First Presentation of Lung Adenocarcinoma","authors":"S. Guler, H. H. Selçuk, Fulya Eren, Evşen Apaydın, A. Soysal","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000475","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87851044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000467
N. Kawamura
As an idea to ensure the success of OMICS research, there is Virchow's pathological ideas of physical disease. This idea is that one cell, a group of cells, a substance, and a group of substances are specific for each disease. Based on this idea, it can be inferred that the unity and purity of the sample and the disease used are extremely important factors. In this study, the aim is to show how the difference in trivial centrifugal conditions of whole blood affected the plasma concentration of Phosphoethanolamine (PEA), a biomarker of depression shown in our previous study, It turned out that the value of PEA increases when the rotor is a swing type, or when the temperature at the time of centrifugation is set at 4°C. This increase might be due to platelet contamination in isolated plasma. Therefore, especially when the researchers are looking to discover an unknown marker, special attention should be paid to sample.
{"title":"Purity of Plasma as a Sample for Neuropsychiatric Omics Studies Based on Virchow's Cellular Principle","authors":"N. Kawamura","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000467","url":null,"abstract":"As an idea to ensure the success of OMICS research, there is Virchow's pathological ideas of physical disease. This idea is that one cell, a group of cells, a substance, and a group of substances are specific for each disease. Based on this idea, it can be inferred that the unity and purity of the sample and the disease used are extremely important factors. In this study, the aim is to show how the difference in trivial centrifugal conditions of whole blood affected the plasma concentration of Phosphoethanolamine (PEA), a biomarker of depression shown in our previous study, It turned out that the value of PEA increases when the rotor is a swing type, or when the temperature at the time of centrifugation is set at 4°C. This increase might be due to platelet contamination in isolated plasma. Therefore, especially when the researchers are looking to discover an unknown marker, special attention should be paid to sample.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83414969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000455
M. Almasi, Paria Arfa-fatollahkhani, M. Bahadori, M. Moghaddasi, M. Fazel
Background: Stroke as the most common cause of disability and the second common cause of death, has deleterious socio-economic impacts on the healthcare systems and societies worldwide. So we aimed to investigate stroke outcomes of Iranian patients in terms of human and hospital costs. Methods: In this study, patients admitted to Rasoul-e-Akram hospital, diagnosed with ischemic stroke were included. One month to 2 years telephone follow-up were applied. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier analysis were assigned for mortality and survival analyses, respectively. Economic predictors and cost-effectiveness of hospital cares were analyzed by T-test and Leven’s test. Results: Among 134 patients, in-hospital and long-term mortality rates were 7.46% and 4.03%, respectively and 985.5% of the patients survived for one month and 96.3% survived for 2 years. Mortality increased with age and initial pulse rate. The average of health-care system costs was estimated at 61.905$/day. The most proportion of total costs was attributed to the nursing services and bed-day costs. Medications were the second most costly cares. Cost-effectiveness analyses determined consultation and laboratory assessments as the significant cost-effective hospital cares. Conclusion: Specific preventive strategies are recommended for elderly people. As also, patients with high initial pulse rate should be considered as high-risk patients. This study suggests consultations and laboratories as the cost-effective cares in stroke management.
{"title":"Predictors of Socioeconomic Burden and Cost-Effectiveness of Hospital Cares for Ischemic Stroke","authors":"M. Almasi, Paria Arfa-fatollahkhani, M. Bahadori, M. Moghaddasi, M. Fazel","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000455","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke as the most common cause of disability and the second common cause of death, has deleterious socio-economic impacts on the healthcare systems and societies worldwide. So we aimed to investigate stroke outcomes of Iranian patients in terms of human and hospital costs. Methods: In this study, patients admitted to Rasoul-e-Akram hospital, diagnosed with ischemic stroke were included. One month to 2 years telephone follow-up were applied. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier analysis were assigned for mortality and survival analyses, respectively. Economic predictors and cost-effectiveness of hospital cares were analyzed by T-test and Leven’s test. Results: Among 134 patients, in-hospital and long-term mortality rates were 7.46% and 4.03%, respectively and 985.5% of the patients survived for one month and 96.3% survived for 2 years. Mortality increased with age and initial pulse rate. The average of health-care system costs was estimated at 61.905$/day. The most proportion of total costs was attributed to the nursing services and bed-day costs. Medications were the second most costly cares. Cost-effectiveness analyses determined consultation and laboratory assessments as the significant cost-effective hospital cares. Conclusion: Specific preventive strategies are recommended for elderly people. As also, patients with high initial pulse rate should be considered as high-risk patients. This study suggests consultations and laboratories as the cost-effective cares in stroke management.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79449143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-30DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000452
J. Partanen
Objective: Knee operation using pneumatic tourniquet may cause weakness of the quadriceps femoris muscle. A patient with a paresis of the quadriceps femoris muscle for two months postoperatively was studied. Methods: ENMG and lumbar magnetic stimulation (MEP) follow-up.Results: There was no distinct lesion of the motor axons of the femoral or other nerves in ENMG or MEP six weeks postoperatively. After a follow-up of eight months, the paresis was subsided and a complete recovery took place in two years.Conclusion: High pressure of the tourniquet may injure muscle spindles. Decreased Ia-afferent activity may severely inhibit voluntary motor effort.
{"title":"Tourniquet Paralysis may Reflect Injury of Muscle Spindles","authors":"J. Partanen","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000452","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Knee operation using pneumatic tourniquet may cause weakness of the quadriceps femoris muscle. A patient with a paresis of the quadriceps femoris muscle for two months postoperatively was studied. Methods: ENMG and lumbar magnetic stimulation (MEP) follow-up.Results: There was no distinct lesion of the motor axons of the femoral or other nerves in ENMG or MEP six weeks postoperatively. After a follow-up of eight months, the paresis was subsided and a complete recovery took place in two years.Conclusion: High pressure of the tourniquet may injure muscle spindles. Decreased Ia-afferent activity may severely inhibit voluntary motor effort.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78389008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-23DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-c4-071
pThomas Eko Purwatap
{"title":"Left hemispheric lesion was correlated with erectile dysfunction in stroke subjects","authors":"pThomas Eko Purwatap","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-c4-071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-c4-071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85782006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-16DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000450
P. Trillenberg, A. Gudea, Catoi C, M. Heidbreder, J. Vester, T. von Wild, L. Fărcas, Marlene Lohnhardt, G. Brunelli, A. Gal, D. Muresanu, M. Taulescu, Klaus RH von Wild
Objective: Retest Brunelli’s graft induced glutamate neurotransmitter switch at the neuromuscular junction in rat for the translation of new aspects of central plasticity concepts for human reconstructive surgery in spinal cord lesions. Methods: Randomized double blind controlled study in rat, which was limited to 30 animals (Charles River, 220 to 280 g). Ethical research approval was obtained from the Animal Research Committee of the University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, UK-SH, Lubeck, D, and legitimated by the Governmental Department of Agriculture, Natural Environments and Agriculture Kiel, D, in compliance with the European Commission Recommendation to retest and review of graft-induced glutamatergic regeneration and /or cholinergic co-transmission at the neuromuscular junction for reinnervation of the skeletal obliquus abdominis internus muscle fibers. Assessments were performed to demonstrate pharmacological neuromodulation after attaching the lateral corticospinal tract at T10 to the bisected skeletal motor nerve. Medication was administered for 14 days postoperatively–a) verum Cerebrolysin® IP=12–b) shams NaCl 0.9% IP=11, and c) 7 controls (nil). 2nd Op at day 90 (16 surviving rats) for open proof of reinnervation and its type by a) CMAP, b)Vecuronium® application. Fast Blue® labeling were performed. 10 days later, on the 3rd Op N=15, euthanasia and organ fixation were performed. Extensive histology-morphology examinations were performed in Cluj. Results: Eight rats showed positive CMAPs. Reinnervation and neuromodulation were demonstrated by counting and comparison of the grafted muscle fibers diameter. Four CAMP- positive- rats received Vecuronium®: 1 CERE and 1 NaCl each demonstrated a loss of amplitude respectively two an incomplete muscle blockage due to the coexistence of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission. Confirmation of the VGluT2 in axons was observed by immunofluorescence. FB+ neurons were observed in many Rexed laminae in grafted spinal cord, but not in the brain. Conclusion: The coexistence of graft-induced cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission and a great capacity of lower motor neurons and other types of spinal neurons to regenerate were observed. Because of limited animals, pharmacological neuromodulation requires further investigation.
目的:重测Brunelli移植诱导的大鼠神经肌肉接点谷氨酸神经递质开关，为人类脊髓损伤重建手术提供中枢可塑性概念的新方面。方法:随机双盲对照大鼠研究，限定30只动物(Charles River, 220 - 280 g)。获得石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因大学医院动物研究委员会的伦理研究批准，英国，吕贝克，D，并获得基尔，D，农业，自然环境和农业政府部门的认可。符合欧盟委员会的建议，重新测试和审查移植物诱导的谷氨酸能再生和/或胆碱能在神经肌肉接点的联合传递，用于腹斜肌骨骼肌内肌纤维的再神经支配。在T10将外侧皮质脊髓束连接到一分为二的骨骼运动神经后，进行评估以证明药理学神经调节。术后用药14天，a) verum Cerebrolysin®IP=12, b) shams NaCl 0.9% IP=11, c)对照7例(无)。第90天第2次手术(16只存活大鼠)，a) CMAP, b)维库溴铵(Vecuronium®)应用，公开证实神经再生及其类型。进行Fast Blue®标记。10 d后，第3次手术N=15，实施安乐死和器官固定。在克鲁日进行了广泛的组织学形态学检查。结果:8只大鼠CMAPs阳性。通过对移植肌纤维直径的计数和比较，证实了神经再生和神经调节。4只CAMP阳性大鼠接受维库溴铵(Vecuronium®):1只CERE和1只NaCl，分别表现出振幅下降和不完全肌肉阻塞，这是由于谷氨酸能和胆碱能神经传递的共存。免疫荧光法证实了VGluT2在轴突中的表达。在移植脊髓的许多Rexed层中可见FB+神经元，但在大脑中未见。结论:观察到移植物诱导的胆碱能和谷氨酸能神经传递共存，下部运动神经元和其他类型脊髓神经元具有较强的再生能力。由于实验动物有限，药理神经调节还需进一步研究。
{"title":"New Aspects of Graft-induced Central Plasticity and Neuroregeneration at T 10 in a Rat Model","authors":"P. Trillenberg, A. Gudea, Catoi C, M. Heidbreder, J. Vester, T. von Wild, L. Fărcas, Marlene Lohnhardt, G. Brunelli, A. Gal, D. Muresanu, M. Taulescu, Klaus RH von Wild","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000450","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Retest Brunelli’s graft induced glutamate neurotransmitter switch at the neuromuscular junction in rat for the translation of new aspects of central plasticity concepts for human reconstructive surgery in spinal cord lesions. \u0000Methods: Randomized double blind controlled study in rat, which was limited to 30 animals (Charles River, 220 to 280 g). Ethical research approval was obtained from the Animal Research Committee of the University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, UK-SH, Lubeck, D, and legitimated by the Governmental Department of Agriculture, Natural Environments and Agriculture Kiel, D, in compliance with the European Commission Recommendation to retest and review of graft-induced glutamatergic regeneration and /or cholinergic co-transmission at the neuromuscular junction for reinnervation of the skeletal obliquus abdominis internus muscle fibers. Assessments were performed to demonstrate pharmacological neuromodulation after attaching the lateral corticospinal tract at T10 to the bisected skeletal motor nerve. Medication was administered for 14 days postoperatively–a) verum Cerebrolysin® IP=12–b) shams NaCl 0.9% IP=11, and c) 7 controls (nil). 2nd Op at day 90 (16 surviving rats) for open proof of reinnervation and its type by a) CMAP, b)Vecuronium® application. Fast Blue® labeling were performed. 10 days later, on the 3rd Op N=15, euthanasia and organ fixation were performed. Extensive histology-morphology examinations were performed in Cluj. \u0000Results: Eight rats showed positive CMAPs. Reinnervation and neuromodulation were demonstrated by counting and comparison of the grafted muscle fibers diameter. Four CAMP- positive- rats received Vecuronium®: 1 CERE and 1 NaCl each demonstrated a loss of amplitude respectively two an incomplete muscle blockage due to the coexistence of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission. Confirmation of the VGluT2 in axons was observed by immunofluorescence. FB+ neurons were observed in many Rexed laminae in grafted spinal cord, but not in the brain. \u0000Conclusion: The coexistence of graft-induced cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission and a great capacity of lower motor neurons and other types of spinal neurons to regenerate were observed. Because of limited animals, pharmacological neuromodulation requires further investigation.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"85 11 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83446078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-15DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000448
N. Ramsay, E. Sammler, Wail Ahmed, A. Kanodia
History and Background: A previously fit and well 16 year old school girl presented to the medical admissions unit with an acute onset of strange behaviour and reduced speech output over the previous few days. Collateral history from her mother revealed gradually worsening headaches over the previous 2 weeks. The headaches were worse on lying down and in the morning. Past medical history was unremarkable. She was on no regular medication and illicit substance use was denied.
{"title":"Bilateral Thalamic Oedema: An unusual case of reduced speech output in a 16 year old patient","authors":"N. Ramsay, E. Sammler, Wail Ahmed, A. Kanodia","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000448","url":null,"abstract":"History and Background: A previously fit and well 16 year old school girl presented to the medical admissions unit with an acute onset of strange behaviour and reduced speech output over the previous few days. Collateral history from her mother revealed gradually worsening headaches over the previous 2 weeks. The headaches were worse on lying down and in the morning. Past medical history was unremarkable. She was on no regular medication and illicit substance use was denied.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81698686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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