Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献_第9页

Curcumin mitigates the histopathological and molecular changes in sublingual glands in diabetic male rats 姜黄素减轻糖尿病雄性大鼠舌下腺的组织病理和分子变化

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.023

Maha El Shahawy

Objective

demonstrate the possible palliative role of curcumin in the prospective molecular and histological alterations in the sublingual glands of diabetic male rats.

Methods

Twenty-one male adult rats were used and randomly assigned into three groups (n = 7). The control group consisted of rats administered a single IP injection of saline. The diabetic group included rats receiving one dose of alloxan (140 mg/kg). The nanocurcumin-treated rat group (NC group) contained diabetic rats administered 200 mg/kg nanocurcumin. After 42 days, the salivary glands were dissected and assessed for Masson trichrome, Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, expression of c-kit and β-catenin, and histomorphometric analysis.

Results

The sublingual glands of diabetic rats revealed altered histology. In addition, the salivary tissues depicted an apparent change in β-catenin, and c-kit expression. The NC group resumed the normal sublingual gland architecture and c-kit and β-catenin expression.

Conclusion

Curcumin treatment rescued the histological and molecular changes in the sublingual glands of the diabetic rats. The ameliorating effect of curcumin on sublingual tissues of diabetic rats may be due to resuming of expression of β-catenin suggesting restoration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the glandular tissues which can maintain the c-kit + glandular stem/progenitor cells.

目的探讨姜黄素在糖尿病雄性大鼠舌下腺分子和组织学改变中的可能的缓解作用。方法选用雄性成年大鼠21只，随机分为3组（n = 7）。对照组大鼠单次IP注射生理盐水。糖尿病组大鼠给予一剂四氧嘧啶（140 mg/kg）。纳米姜黄素处理大鼠组（NC组）给药200 mg/kg纳米姜黄素。42 d后，解剖唾液腺，进行马松三色、苏木精和伊红（H&；E）染色、c-kit和β-catenin的表达和组织形态学分析。结果糖尿病大鼠舌下腺组织学改变。此外，唾液组织中β-catenin和c-kit的表达也发生了明显变化。NC组舌下腺结构恢复正常，c-kit和β-catenin表达恢复正常。结论姜黄素治疗可恢复糖尿病大鼠舌下腺的组织和分子变化。姜黄素对糖尿病大鼠舌下组织的改善作用可能是由于恢复了β-catenin的表达，提示恢复了腺组织中Wnt/β-catenin信号通路，从而维持了c-kit +腺干/祖细胞。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of the efficiency of different decontamination protocols for reusing healing abutments: An in vitro study 重复使用愈合基台的不同去污方案效率的比较评价：一项体外研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.024

Dhruv Patel, Nayana Shriram Anasane, V.N.V. Madhav

Purpose

Healing abutments are subjected to multiple cycles of reuse owing to the limited wear and tear experienced in function. The study undertaken focuses on drawing a comparative evaluation amongst two decontamination protocols for reusing healing abutments.

Materials and method

A total of 85 healing abutments were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 contained 5 unused healing abutments. Group 2 contained 40 used healing abutments which were subjected to ultrasonic cleaning followed by autoclaving. Group 3 also contained 40 used healing abutments which were subjected to decontamination using NaOCl followed by ultrasonic cleaning followed by autoclaving. Healing abutments from all 3 groups were then individually stained with Phloxine B stain for a duration of 1 min and were individually observed under 10X Stereomicroscope for traces of staining which indicated residual contamination.

Statistical analysis

ANOVA test and chi-square test were employed to statistically analyze the 3 groups using SPSS software.

Result

The difference between the 3 groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with a chi-Square value of 85 %. Intergroup Comparison of mean rank showed statistically significant difference between the groups (Kruskal Wallis ANOVA, p < 0.001). Groups 1 and 3 did not display any evidence of staining with Phloxine B indicating no residual contamination, whereas all samples belonging to Group 2 displayed biological remnants as evidenced by the presence of staining.

Conclusion

Cleaning of used healing abutments using Sodium hypochlorite followed by ultrasonic cleaning and autoclaving shows greater efficiency in ensuring complete decontamination of used healing abutments as compared to ultrasonic cleaning and autoclaving.

目的修复基牙由于其功能的有限磨损，需要经历多次重复使用。所进行的研究侧重于在重复使用愈合基台的两种去污方案之间进行比较评估。材料与方法85个愈合基台分为3组。组1包含5个未使用的愈合基牙。第2组40个使用过的愈合基牙，超声清洗后进行高压灭菌。第三组40个使用过的愈合基牙，用NaOCl去污，然后超声清洗，然后高压灭菌。3组愈合基牙分别用Phloxine B染色1 min，在10倍体视显微镜下观察是否有残留污染的染色痕迹。统计学分析采用方差分析和卡方检验，采用SPSS软件对3组进行统计学分析。结果3组间差异有统计学意义（p < 0.001），卡方值为85%。组间平均秩比较显示组间差异有统计学意义（Kruskal Wallis ANOVA, p < 0.001）。第1组和第3组没有显示出任何污染残留的证据，而第2组的所有样品都显示出生物残留，这表明存在染色。结论次氯酸钠清洗后超声清洗和高压灭菌比超声清洗和高压灭菌能更有效地保证愈合基牙的完全去污。

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引用次数: 0

Discrepancy in diagnosis and characteristics of odontogenic cystic lesions in mixed dentition period; a retrospective study 混合牙列期牙源性囊性病变的诊断与特征差异回顾性研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.028

Umer Mukhtar, Rigzen Tamchos, Manoj kumar Jaiswal, Sadia Iqbal

Background

There is an ambiguity in the correct diagnosis of odontogenic cystic lesions in mixed dentition period. So, present study was planned to assess diagnostic discrepancies and their potential impact on treatment strategies in pediatric odontogenic cysts.

Material method

The data of the patients was retrieved from the digital records of patients from January 2014 to January 2024. After screening of the digital records, 61 cases were selected for screening, for demographic details, various clinical characteristics, radiographic investigations (OPG, CBCT etc.). For the calculation of the discrepancy between clinical and histopathological diagnosis of the radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst, and odontogenic kerato-cyst the Discrepancy Index was calculated.

Results

The results revealed that 61 cases of various cystic conditions were identified. Among them, the dentigerous cyst constituted 14.7 % (9cases), radicular cyst constituted 42.6 % (26cases), and Odontogenic kerato-cyst constitutes 27.86 % (17 cases) with the mean age (in years) of reporting 9.55 ± 3.16, 9.00 ± 2.79, and10.06 ± 2.43 respectively. The odontogenic cysts were commonly found in mandibular posterior region. In patients with dentigerous cysts, 44.44 % had a history of extraction of primary teeth, 55.55 % had decayed/pulpectomised teeth. Among them the maximum discrepancy index was observed between dentigerous cysts and Odontogenic kerato-cysts i.e., 50 %, followed by radicular cyst and dentigerous cyst or vice-versa (21.42 %).

Conclusion

Despite the difficult diagnosis of dentigerous cyst, radicular cyst and OKCs in mixed dentition, cystic lesions should be examined thoroughly and diagnosed carefully. Misinterpreting a cyst as a tumor, could lead to aggressive surgical intervention when a less invasive approach would suffice.

背景混合牙列期牙源性囊性病变的正确诊断存在歧义。因此，本研究旨在评估儿童牙源性囊肿的诊断差异及其对治疗策略的潜在影响。材料方法检索2014年1月至2024年1月患者的电子病历。筛选数字记录后，选择61例进行筛查，包括人口统计学细节、各种临床特征、影像学调查（OPG、CBCT等）。计算根状囊肿、牙源性囊肿和牙源性角性囊肿的临床诊断与组织病理学诊断的差异，计算差异指数。结果共检出各种囊性疾病61例。其中，牙源性囊肿占14.7%（9例），根状囊肿占42.6%（26例），牙源性角膜囊肿占27.86%（17例），平均年龄（年）分别为9.55±3.16、9.00±2.79和10.06±2.43。牙源性囊肿常见于下颌后区。在有牙囊肿的患者中，44.44%有拔牙史，55.55%有蛀牙/去牙史。其中牙源性囊肿与牙源性角化囊肿差异指数最大，为50%，其次为根状囊肿与牙源性囊肿，反之为21.42%。结论混合牙列的含牙囊肿、根状囊肿和OKCs虽然诊断困难，但仍应仔细检查和诊断。将囊肿误解为肿瘤，可能会导致侵略性的手术干预，而侵入性较小的方法就足够了。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the role of age in MMP 9 and MMP 2 levels in pulpal blood of teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis 年龄对症状性不可逆性牙髓炎牙髓血中mmp9和mmp2水平的影响

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.022

Praneeth rednam , Sarath sarathy

Aim

To assess MMP 2 and MMP 9 levels in pulpal blood of human molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in 2 different age groups.

Materials and methods

Patients of two age groups young [18–40] and old [>60] with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in molars were included in this study. Teeth were isolated using a rubber dam. The rubber dam, clamp, and tooth were decontaminated using a cotton swab drenched in 1 % NaOCl solution. Access cavities were then prepared using a diamond-coated bur in a contrangle handpiece under water-cooling. Subsequently, the caries was excavated using a sterile round bur. Pulpal blood was collected from the pulp chamber by placing the blunt end of a sterile inverted 60 size paper point for 1 min. The paper point was transferred into a sterile microcentrifugation tube and frozen at −20 °C immediately until further processing. The levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in these samples were measured using commercially available specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Data was analysed using an independent t-test.

Results

The mean pulpal blood levels of MMP-9 in patients above 60 years (220 ng/ml) were significantly lower than those aged 18–40 years (468 ng/ml) ([p value < 0.05]

The mean pulpal blood levels of MMP-2 in patients above 60 years (134 ng/ml) were significantly lower than in those aged 18–40 years (153 ng/ml [p value < 0.05].

Conclusion

MMP-9 and MMP-2 levels in pulpal blood of cariously exposed teeth with irreversible pulpitis can vary with age.

目的评价2个不同年龄组有症状的不可逆性牙髓炎患者磨牙髓血中mmp2和mmp9的水平。材料与方法本研究分为青年[18-40]和老年[>；60]两组有症状的磨牙不可逆性牙髓炎患者。牙齿用橡胶坝隔离。用浸有1% NaOCl溶液的棉签对橡胶坝、夹钳和牙进行消毒。然后，在水冷却的情况下，在一个对角机头中使用涂有金刚石的bur制备通道腔。随后，使用无菌圆钻挖掘龋。从髓腔收集髓血，将钝端放置在一个无菌倒置60大小的纸点上1分钟。将纸点转移到无菌微离心管中，立即在- 20°C冷冻以待进一步处理。这些样品中MMP-9和MMP-2的水平使用市售的特异性酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒进行测定。数据分析采用独立t检验。结果60岁以上患者髓血MMP-9平均水平（220 ng/ml）显著低于18-40岁患者（468 ng/ml）（p值<； 0.05）， 60岁以上患者髓血MMP-2平均水平（134 ng/ml）显著低于18-40岁患者（153 ng/ml）（p值<； 0.05）。结论龋露牙不可逆牙髓炎患者牙髓血中mmp -9、MMP-2水平随年龄变化而变化。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of efficacy of lignocaine patch in pain management post third molar extraction: A prospective, split mouth study 评估利多卡因贴片在第三磨牙拔牙后疼痛管理中的疗效：一项前瞻性的裂口研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.016

P.S. Tripthi, Rakshita Kumar, Padmaraj Hegde

Introduction

Postoperative pain following third molar extractions is a significant concern, often managed using opioids and NSAIDs, associated with considerable side effects. Lignocaine patches, known for their localized action and minimal systemic effects, have shown promise in managing various pain conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 5 % lignocaine patches in reducing postoperative pain following third molar extractions.

Methodology

A prospective, split-mouth study was conducted on 30 patients aged 18–40 years requiring bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Post extraction on one side (test lignocaine patches were applied postoperatively, while post extraction of contralateral side, standard oral analgesics were given. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on the day of extraction, postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 2. Additional patches or analgesics were provided if pain exceeded VAS thresholds.

Results

The test group reported significantly lower mean VAS scores (1.96 ± 0.72) compared to the control group (2.55 ± 0.35, p = 0.004). Significant reduction in pain was observed in both groups over time, but the test group showed greater pain relief by POD 2 (p = 0.000) and no major adverse effects were reported, only 13.3 % experienced inadequate analgesia, requiring the need of a second patch.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that 5 % lignocaine patches offer an effective alternative to oral analgesics for managing postoperative pain after third molar extractions. Further research, however, is recommended to explore their potential in reducing opioid use and their effectiveness in other minor oral surgical procedures.

第三磨牙拔牙后的术后疼痛是一个值得关注的问题，通常使用阿片类药物和非甾体抗炎药进行治疗，并伴有相当大的副作用。利多卡因贴片，以其局部作用和最小的全身作用而闻名，在治疗各种疼痛状况方面显示出希望。本研究旨在评估5%利多卡因贴片减少第三磨牙拔牙术后疼痛的疗效。方法对30例年龄18-40岁需要双侧拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙的患者进行前瞻性、口裂研究。术后一侧拔牙后应用试验用利多卡因贴片，对侧拔牙后给予标准口服镇痛药。采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评估拔牙当天、术后第1天（POD）和第2天（POD）的疼痛程度。如果疼痛超过VAS阈值，则提供额外的贴片或镇痛药。结果试验组VAS平均评分（1.96±0.72）明显低于对照组（2.55±0.35,p = 0.004）。随着时间的推移，两组的疼痛都有明显的减轻，但试验组显示POD 2的疼痛缓解更大（p = 0.000），没有报告主要的不良反应，只有13.3%的人经历了不充分的镇痛，需要第二次贴片。结论5%利多卡因贴片是治疗第三磨牙拔牙术后疼痛的有效替代药物。然而，建议进一步研究它们在减少阿片类药物使用方面的潜力及其在其他小型口腔外科手术中的有效性。

{"title":"Assessment of efficacy of lignocaine patch in pain management post third molar extraction: A prospective, split mouth study","authors":"P.S. Tripthi, Rakshita Kumar, Padmaraj Hegde","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Postoperative pain following third molar extractions is a significant concern, often managed using opioids and NSAIDs, associated with considerable side effects. Lignocaine patches, known for their localized action and minimal systemic effects, have shown promise in managing various pain conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 5 % lignocaine patches in reducing postoperative pain following third molar extractions.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A prospective, split-mouth study was conducted on 30 patients aged 18–40 years requiring bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Post extraction on one side (test lignocaine patches were applied postoperatively, while post extraction of contralateral side, standard oral analgesics were given. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on the day of extraction, postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 2. Additional patches or analgesics were provided if pain exceeded VAS thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The test group reported significantly lower mean VAS scores (1.96 ± 0.72) compared to the control group (2.55 ± 0.35, <em>p</em> = 0.004). Significant reduction in pain was observed in both groups over time, but the test group showed greater pain relief by POD 2 (<em>p</em> = 0.000) and no major adverse effects were reported, only 13.3 % experienced inadequate analgesia, requiring the need of a second patch.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that 5 % lignocaine patches offer an effective alternative to oral analgesics for managing postoperative pain after third molar extractions. Further research, however, is recommended to explore their potential in reducing opioid use and their effectiveness in other minor oral surgical procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"Pages 1601-1606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial properties and surface roughness of four maxillofacial prosthetic materials 四种颌面修复材料抗菌性能和表面粗糙度的比较评价

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.019

Zaihan Ariffin , Yanti Johari , Farhana Rahman , Suharni Mohamad , Nafij Bin Jamayet , James Dudley

Objectives

The adherence of microorganisms to the surfaces of maxillofacial prosthetic materials can cause surrounding tissue infections leading to discomfort, irritation and infection. It is therefore beneficial if maxillofacial prosthetic materials possess antimicrobial effects or resist microbial adherence. The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effect, surface roughness and microbial adherence of a locally produced modified polymethyl methacrylate maxillofacial prosthetic material with a commercially produced polymethyl methacrylate and two silicone elastomers against three microorganisms.

Methods

Four study groups were formed, each with 10 samples (n = 10): modified polymethyl methacrylate (m-PMMA), commercially produced polymethyl methacrylate (c-PMMA), silicone A-2000 (A-2000), and silicone A-2186 (A-2186). The microorganisms tested against the four prosthetic materials were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), and Candida albicans (C. albicans). The antimicrobial effect, microbial adherence and surface roughness were assessed and scanning electron microscopy images examined surface roughness and microbial adherence.

Results

None of the tested materials showed antimicrobial activity against the evaluated microbial strains. Microbial adherence was significantly higher on silicone elastomers, with greater colony-forming units of both S. aureus and S. mutans compared to PMMA (p < 0.017). No significant difference was observed in C. albicans adherence between the silicone elastomers and PMMA. Surface roughness analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between PMMA and silicone elastomers (p < 0.05), with the silicones exhibiting greater roughness.

Conclusions

The fillers in m-PMMA may inhibit the release of antimicrobial agents. The locally produced m-PMMA demonstrated less microbial adherence in comparison to other tested materials.

Clinical implications

The locally produced m-PMMA was associated with less microbial adherence in comparison to other tested materials and has potential to reduce the risk of infection.

目的微生物附着于颌面部修复材料表面可引起周围组织感染，引起不适、刺激和感染。因此，如果颌面假体材料具有抗菌作用或抵抗微生物粘附是有益的。本研究的目的是比较本地生产的改性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯颌面假体材料与商业生产的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和两种有机硅弹性体对三种微生物的抗菌效果、表面粗糙度和微生物粘附性。方法组成4个研究组，每组10个样品（n = 10）：改性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（m-PMMA）、市售聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（c-PMMA）、硅胶A-2000 （A-2000）和硅胶A-2186 （A-2186）。对4种假体材料检测的微生物分别为金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）、变形链球菌（S. mutans）和白色念珠菌（C. albicans）。评估了抗菌效果、微生物粘附性和表面粗糙度，扫描电子显微镜图像检查了表面粗糙度和微生物粘附性。结果所有材料均未显示出抑菌活性。与PMMA相比，有机硅弹性体上的微生物粘附性明显更高，金黄色葡萄球菌和变形葡萄球菌的集落形成单位都更大（p < 0.017）。在有机硅弹性体和PMMA之间，白色念珠菌粘附性没有显著差异。表面粗糙度分析显示PMMA和有机硅弹性体之间存在统计学差异（p < 0.05），有机硅弹性体表现出更大的粗糙度。结论m-PMMA填充剂可抑制抗菌药物的释放。与其他测试材料相比，本地生产的m-PMMA显示出较少的微生物粘附性。临床意义与其他测试材料相比，本地生产的m-PMMA具有较少的微生物粘附性，具有降低感染风险的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of graphene-reinforced materials for crowns and bridges: A systematic review and meta-analysis with emphasis on ceramics 石墨烯增强冠桥材料的力学性能和生物相容性：以陶瓷为重点的系统综述和荟萃分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.021

Anes Adnan Alshamaa , Ibrahim Hamad Alfahdawi , Mohamed Abdulmunem Abdulateef , Abdulkhaleq Mohammed Qaraghuli

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of graphene-reinforced materials, especially ceramics for dental crowns and bridges. Its goal was to synthesize the available evidence and highlight areas needed for future research.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, following the PRISMA guidelines. Eight in vitro studies were included which assessed biocompatibility and mechanical performance, such as flexural strength, compressive strength, and hardness. The QUIN tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and random-effects models were used for the meta-analysis.

Results

Graphene reinforcement significantly improved mechanical properties, with flexural strength increasing by ∼100 MPa in some ceramic systems (SMD: 1.26, 95 % CI: −0.20, 2.72) and hardness showing significant enhancement (SMD: 1.69, 95 % CI: 0.45, 2.94). Graphene oxide (GO) demonstrated antibacterial efficacy (SMD: 2.37, 95 % CI: 1.77, 2.97). Biocompatibility results were promising but limited by limited reporting. Variability in graphene type, concentration, and processing methods influenced outcomes.

Conclusion

Graphene-reinforced ceramics have superior mechanical characteristics and are potentially biocompatible, which solves some of the primary issues with existing dental materials. However, standardization of methodologies, long-term clinical validation, and optimization of graphene integration are essential for clinical translation.

目的对石墨烯增强材料的力学特性和生物相容性进行系统综述和荟萃分析。其目标是综合现有证据，突出未来研究需要的领域。方法按照PRISMA指南，在PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct、b谷歌Scholar等网站进行系统检索。8项体外研究评估了生物相容性和机械性能，如抗弯强度、抗压强度和硬度。使用QUIN工具评估偏倚风险，并使用随机效应模型进行meta分析。结果石墨烯增强显著改善了陶瓷体系的力学性能，某些陶瓷体系的抗弯强度提高了~ 100 MPa (SMD: 1.26, 95% CI: - 0.20, 2.72)，硬度显著提高（SMD: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.45, 2.94）。氧化石墨烯（GO）具有抗菌效果（SMD: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.77, 2.97）。生物相容性结果是有希望的，但由于报道有限而受到限制。石墨烯类型、浓度和处理方法的可变性影响了结果。结论石墨烯增强陶瓷具有良好的力学性能和潜在的生物相容性，解决了现有牙科材料的一些主要问题。然而，方法的标准化、长期临床验证和石墨烯集成的优化对于临床转化至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Awareness of endodontists regarding the determination of root canal morphology and configuration using artificial intelligence 牙髓医生对人工智能确定根管形态和形态的认识

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.014

Mohd Irfan Ansari , Neelam Singh , Shahnaz Mansoori , Simran Uppal , Abhishek Mehta , Sweta Rastogi

Objective

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing in Endodontics, particularly through the application of neural networks and deep learning models, that help in identifying complex root canal morphology and configurations, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning. This study aimed to assess the awareness of Indian Endodontists regarding AI applications in determining root canal morphology and configuration.

Methods

An online survey-based questionnaire was distributed to practicing Endodontists across India using Google Forms, and their responses were recorded. Chi-square test was used to study the association of independent and dependent variables.

Results

A survey of 338 practicing endodontists and postgraduate students revealed that less than half were aware of AI models such as Artificial Neural Networks (43.8 %) and Deep Learning (35.2 %). The majority (68.3 %) were partially aware of AI applications in endodontics. About 37.9 % considered AI as "fairly feasible" for daily endodontic clinical practice, and 82.5 % agreed that AI technology can enhance endodontic treatment success rates (p < 0.001). However, 60.90 % of the endodontists did not consider themselves trained for operating AI models, and 91.10 % never used any AI models or software (p < 0.001). Additionally, 89.30 % of the participants expressed the need for training programs and workshops on the use of AI in determining root canal morphology (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Most Endodontists do not have sufficient knowledge to use AI models and do not employ AI software to identify root canal morphology and configuration. This study highlights the necessity for proper training for endodontists to improve the use of AI in determining root canal morphology and configuration.

人工智能（AI）在牙髓学领域发展迅速，特别是通过神经网络和深度学习模型的应用，有助于识别复杂的根管形态和配置，从而提高诊断准确性和治疗计划。本研究旨在评估印度牙髓医生对人工智能在确定根管形态和配置方面的应用的认识。方法采用谷歌表格向印度执业牙髓医生发放在线调查问卷，并记录其回答。采用卡方检验研究自变量和因变量的相关性。结果对338名执业牙髓医生和研究生的调查显示，只有不到一半的人知道人工智能模型，如人工神经网络（43.8%）和深度学习（35.2%）。大多数人（68.3%）部分了解人工智能在牙髓学中的应用。约37.9%的人认为人工智能在日常牙髓临床实践中“相当可行”，82.5%的人认为人工智能技术可以提高牙髓治疗成功率（p < 0.001）。然而，60.90%的牙髓医生认为自己没有接受过操作人工智能模型的培训，91.10%的牙髓医生从未使用过任何人工智能模型或软件（p < 0.001）。此外，89.30%的参与者表示需要关于使用人工智能确定根管形态的培训计划和研讨会（p < 0.001）。结论大多数牙髓医生缺乏足够的知识来使用人工智能模型，也没有使用人工智能软件来识别根管形态和配置。本研究强调了对牙髓医生进行适当培训的必要性，以提高人工智能在确定根管形态和形态方面的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnosing and managing temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis 人工智能和机器学习在颞下颌疾病诊断和管理中的应用：系统综述和荟萃分析

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.013

Vaishnavi Rajaraman, Deepak Nallaswamy, Amrutha Shenoy

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models have recently emerged as promising tools for enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Objective

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AI/ML models in detecting TMDs through a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature.

Methods

A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies assessing the diagnostic performance of AI/ML models in TMD diagnosis (PROSPERO-CRD420251035080). Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers using the AXIS tool for cross-sectional and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy was performed using pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic.

Results

The systematic search identified 368 articles, of which 12 studies met inclusion criteria after screening. Risk of bias assessment showed most observational studies had low to unclear bias, while cross-sectional studies varied from moderate to high quality. Five studies were eligible for meta-analysis and they revealed that AI and machine learning models achieved a pooled sensitivity of 87.1 %(95 %CI:84.9 %–89.2 %) and specificity of 87.0 %(95 %CI:84.8 %–89.2 %) for TMD diagnosis. The diagnostic odds ratio was 45.1(95 %CI:30.5–66.8), with an area under the ROC curve of 0.96, indicating excellent diagnostic accuracy. Moderate heterogeneity I² = 38.7 %.

Conclusion

AI/ML models demonstrate excellent accuracy in differentiating patients with and without TMDs, reinforcing their potential as reliable diagnostic aids in clinical and screening settings. However, variability in input features and lack of standardized model development protocols highlight the need for future research focusing on validation across diverse populations and harmonization of diagnostic criteria.

人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）模型最近成为提高诊断准确性的有前途的工具。目的通过对现有文献的系统回顾和荟萃分析，评价AI/ML模型对tmd的诊断准确性。方法综合检索电子数据库，筛选评估AI/ML模型在TMD诊断中的诊断性能的研究（PROSPERO-CRD420251035080）。数据提取和质量评估由两名审稿人独立进行，使用AXIS工具进行横断面研究，使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行队列研究。采用合并敏感性、特异性、诊断优势比和曲线下面积对诊断准确性进行meta分析。采用I2统计量评估统计异质性。结果系统检索到368篇文献，经筛选符合纳入标准的文献有12篇。偏倚风险评估显示，大多数观察性研究具有低至不明确的偏倚，而横断面研究的质量从中等到高不等。五项研究符合荟萃分析的条件，它们显示人工智能和机器学习模型对TMD诊断的总灵敏度为87.1% (95% CI: 84.9% - 89.2%)，特异性为87.0% （95% CI: 84.8% - 89.2%）。诊断优势比为45.1(95% CI: 30.5-66.8)， ROC曲线下面积为0.96，诊断准确性极佳。中度异质性I2 = 38.7%。结论ai /ML模型在鉴别tmd患者和非tmd患者方面具有出色的准确性，增强了其作为临床和筛查环境中可靠诊断辅助工具的潜力。然而，输入特征的可变性和缺乏标准化的模型开发协议突出了未来研究的需要，重点是跨不同人群的验证和诊断标准的协调。

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnosing and managing temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Vaishnavi Rajaraman, Deepak Nallaswamy, Amrutha Shenoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models have recently emerged as promising tools for enhancing diagnostic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AI/ML models in detecting TMDs through a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies assessing the diagnostic performance of AI/ML models in TMD diagnosis (PROSPERO-CRD420251035080). Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers using the AXIS tool for cross-sectional and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy was performed using pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed with the I<sup>2</sup> statistic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The systematic search identified 368 articles, of which 12 studies met inclusion criteria after screening. Risk of bias assessment showed most observational studies had low to unclear bias, while cross-sectional studies varied from moderate to high quality. Five studies were eligible for meta-analysis and they revealed that AI and machine learning models achieved a pooled sensitivity of 87.1 %(95 %CI:84.9 %–89.2 %) and specificity of 87.0 %(95 %CI:84.8 %–89.2 %) for TMD diagnosis. The diagnostic odds ratio was 45.1(95 %CI:30.5–66.8), with an area under the ROC curve of 0.96, indicating excellent diagnostic accuracy. Moderate heterogeneity I<sup>2</sup> = 38.7 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI/ML models demonstrate excellent accuracy in differentiating patients with and without TMDs, reinforcing their potential as reliable diagnostic aids in clinical and screening settings. However, variability in input features and lack of standardized model development protocols highlight the need for future research focusing on validation across diverse populations and harmonization of diagnostic criteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"Pages 1591-1600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative clinical characterization of microflora between primary and secondary endodontic infections-An in vivo cross sectional study 原发性和继发性牙髓感染的微生物群临床特征比较-一项体内横断面研究

Q1 Medicine

Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.018

Mahantesh Yeli , Balaram Naik , RaghavendraD. Kulkarni , Vignesh Kamath , Prashant Moogi , Shruti Patil , Kishore Bhat

Aim

The aim of the present study was to analyse the microbiota of primary and secondary/persistent endodontic infections of patients undergoing endodontic treatment with respect to clinical and radiographic findings.

Materials and methodology

The experimental material included the samples collected from 139 patients. These subjects were divided into two groups of 74 and 65 patients. Group 1-Primary endodontic infections, Group 2-Secondary endodontic infections (Retreatment cases). The collected samples were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures and selected specific uncultivable microorganisms were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction. The material collected in transport medium was mixed thoroughly and it was divided into two aliquots. One of the aliquots was used for aerobic culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction, the other was subjected to anaerobic culture study. Statistical analysis was done. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results

For the given sample, the values for Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.001), Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.017) and Streptococcus aerobic (p = 0.001), Klebsiella aerogens (p = 0.03) and Streptococcus (p = 0.005) and Dialister invisus (p = 0.024) showed statistically significant differences between primary and secondary lesions.

Conclusions

The primary lesions showed significantly higher number of Klebsiella aerogens, Streptococcus, Dialister invisus and secondary lesions with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus respectively.

目的本研究的目的是分析接受根管治疗的患者的原发性和继发性/持续性根管感染的微生物群，以及临床和放射学表现。材料和方法实验材料包括139例患者的样本。这些受试者被分为两组，每组74名和65名患者。组1-原发性牙髓感染，组2-继发性牙髓感染（再治疗病例）。收集的样品进行好氧和厌氧细菌培养，并选择特定的不可培养微生物进行聚合酶链反应。将收集到的物料在输送介质中充分混合，并分成两等分。其中一份用于好氧培养和聚合酶链反应，另一份用于厌氧培养研究。进行统计分析。P <； 0.05认为有统计学意义。结果原发性和继发性病变中牙龈卟啉单胞菌（p = 0.001）、中间普雷沃菌（p = 0.017）、需氧链球菌（p = 0.001）、克雷伯菌（p = 0.03）、链球菌（p = 0.005）和内溶Dialister （p = 0.024）的检出率差异均有统计学意义。结论原发性病变中肺克雷伯菌、链球菌、内隐Dialister数量显著高于原发性病变，继发性病变中分别有牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普雷沃菌、链球菌。

{"title":"Comparative clinical characterization of microflora between primary and secondary endodontic infections-An in vivo cross sectional study","authors":"Mahantesh Yeli , Balaram Naik , RaghavendraD. Kulkarni , Vignesh Kamath , Prashant Moogi , Shruti Patil , Kishore Bhat","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim of the present study was to analyse the microbiota of primary and secondary/persistent endodontic infections of patients undergoing endodontic treatment with respect to clinical and radiographic findings.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methodology</h3><div>The experimental material included the samples collected from 139 patients. These subjects were divided into two groups of 74 and 65 patients. Group 1-Primary endodontic infections, Group 2-Secondary endodontic infections (Retreatment cases). The collected samples were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures and selected specific uncultivable microorganisms were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction. The material collected in transport medium was mixed thoroughly and it was divided into two aliquots. One of the aliquots was used for aerobic culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction, the other was subjected to anaerobic culture study. Statistical analysis was done. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the given sample, the values for Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.001), Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.017) and Streptococcus aerobic (p = 0.001), Klebsiella aerogens (p = 0.03) and Streptococcus (p = 0.005) and Dialister invisus (p = 0.024) showed statistically significant differences between primary and secondary lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The primary lesions showed significantly higher number of Klebsiella aerogens, Streptococcus, Dialister invisus and secondary lesions with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 6","pages":"Pages 1579-1583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0