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Acute toxicity of fipronil to an invasive ant, Lepisiota frauenfeldi. 氟虫腈对入侵蚂蚁的急性毒性研究。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-049
Daisuke Hayasaka, Masayoshi K Hiraiwa, Yu Maebara, Yugo Seko

Slow-acting fipronil is one of the best components for controlling invasive ants. However, its efficacy against invasive Lepisiota frauenfeldi, which recently invaded Japan, remains unclear. Here, its acute toxicity to Le. frauenfeldi was assessed, and its lethal concentrations were compared with those against other invasive ants (Linepithema humile and Solenopsis invicta). The LC10 and LC50 values of fipronil for Le. frauenfeldi were significantly lower than the previously reported values for Li. humile and/or S. invicta, and its LC90 value against Le. frauenfeldi was in the same range as that required for Li. humile extermination. Additionally, Le. frauenfeldi can be more sensitive to fipronil than non-target arthropods. Therefore, recent fipronil-based Li. humile and S. invicta eradication/control programs may be effective against Le. frauenfeldi as well. Moreover, applying fipronil at dosages appropriate for Le. frauenfeldi would lead to effective Le. frauenfeldi extermination/control with low damage to other native species/ants.

缓效氟虫腈是控制入侵蚂蚁的最佳成分之一。然而,它对最近入侵日本的入侵性狼斑绦虫(Lepisiota frauenfeldi)的功效尚不清楚。在此,其急性毒性为乐。测定了弗劳恩费尔迪的致死浓度,并比较了其对其他入侵蚂蚁(矮腰线蚁和invicopsis)的致死浓度。氟虫腈的LC10和LC50值。fraenfeldi明显低于先前报道的Li值。对赤霉素和/或赤霉素的LC90值。弗劳恩费尔迪与李的要求相同。种灭绝。此外,勒。与非目标节肢动物相比,弗劳恩费尔迪对氟虫腈更敏感。因此,最近基于氟虫腈的Li。对紫锥虫和红锥虫的根除/控制计划可能有效。还有弗劳恩费尔迪。此外,使用氟虫腈的剂量适合Le。弗劳恩费尔迪将导致有效的乐。灭杀/控制弗劳恩费尔迪,对其他本地物种/蚂蚁的损害较小。
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引用次数: 1
Sensitivity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (CGSC) isolated from strawberry in Taiwan to benzimidazole and strobilurin. 台湾草莓炭疽菌菌种复合物对苯并咪唑和strobilurin的敏感性。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-030
Sheng-Chi Chu, Kuo-Hsi Lin, Tsung-Chun Lin, Chinnapan Thanarut, Wen-Hsin Chung

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (CGSC) is the major pathogen causing strawberry anthracnose in Taiwan. Benzimidazoles and strobilurins are common fungicides used to control strawberry anthracnose. A total of 108 CGSC isolates were collected from five major strawberry-producing areas in Taiwan. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of most CGSC isolates for benomyl (59 isolates), carbendazim (70 isolates), and thiabendazole (63 isolates) were higher than 500 µg a.i./mL. Strobilurin tests showed that the EC50 values of most CGSC isolates for azoxystrobin (66 isolates), kresoxim-methyl (42 isolates), and trifloxystrobin (56 isolates) were higher than 500 µg a.i./mL. However, most CGSC isolates were sensitive to pyraclostrobin at 100 µg a.i./mL. Fungicide tests indicated that CGSC isolates show multi-resistance to benzimidazoles and strobilurins. Benzimidazole-resistant isolates were associated with a point mutation in codon 198 of the β-tubulin gene, and strobilurin-resistant isolates did not correspond with mutation in the cyt b gene or alternative oxidase activity.

炭疽菌是台湾草莓炭疽病的主要病原菌。苯并咪唑和间苯脲是常用的杀真菌剂,用于控制草莓炭疽病。从台湾5个主要草莓产区共采集到108株CGSC分离株。大多数CGSC菌株对苯甲酰(59株)、多菌灵(70株)和噻苯达唑(63株)的半最大有效浓度(EC50)值均大于500µg a.i./mL。Strobilurin试验结果显示,大多数CGSC菌株对偶氮氧虫酯(66株)、甲基克雷索辛(42株)和三氯虫酯(56株)的EC50值均大于500µg a.i./mL。然而,大多数CGSC分离株对100 μ g a.i./mL pyraclostrobin敏感。杀菌剂试验表明,CGSC菌株对苯并咪唑类和异脲类具有多重抗性。苯并咪唑耐药菌株与β-微管蛋白基因密码子198的点突变有关,而strobilurin耐药菌株与cyt - b基因或替代氧化酶活性的突变无关。
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引用次数: 0
The target site of the novel fungicide quinofumelin, Pyricularia oryzae class II dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. 新型杀菌剂喹诺菲林ⅱ类二氢根酸脱氢酶的靶点。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-027
Norikazu Higashimura, Akira Hamada, Toshiaki Ohara, Seiya Sakurai, Hiroyuki Ito, Shinichi Banba

The target site of the novel fungicide quinofumelin was investigated in the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae. Quinofumelin-induced mycelial growth inhibition was reversed by orotate but not by dihydroorotate. Recovery tests suggested that the target site of quinofumelin was dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), which catalyzes the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate. Quinofumelin strongly inhibited P. oryzae class 2 DHODH (DHODH II) (IC50: 2.8 nM). The inhibitory activities of mycelial growth and DHODH II were strongly positively correlated, indicating that DHODH II inhibition by quinofumelin lead to antifungal activity. A P. oryzae DHODH II gene (PoPYR4) disruption mutant (ΔPopyr4), showing the same tendency as the quinofumelin-treated wild strain in recovery tests, was constructed, and disease symptoms were not observed in rice plants infected by ΔPopyr4. Thus, DHODH II, which plays an important role in pathogenicity and mycelial growth, is found to be the target site of quinofumelin.

研究了新型杀菌剂喹啉在稻瘟病菌中的作用位点。喹诺菲美林诱导的菌丝生长抑制被旋甲酸逆转,而非二氢旋甲酸逆转。回收率试验表明,喹诺菲林的靶点是二氢甲酯脱氢酶(DHODH),该酶催化二氢甲酯氧化生成甲酯。喹诺菲林对P. oryzae 2类DHODH (DHODH II)有较强的抑制作用(IC50: 2.8 nM)。菌丝生长抑制活性与DHODH II呈强正相关,表明喹诺菲林抑制DHODH II具有抗真菌活性。构建了一个稻瘟病菌DHODH II基因(PoPYR4)破坏突变体(ΔPopyr4),在恢复试验中表现出与喹诺芬林处理的野生菌株相同的趋势,并且在感染ΔPopyr4的水稻植株中未观察到疾病症状。因此,发现在致病性和菌丝生长中起重要作用的DHODH II是喹诺芬林的靶点。
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引用次数: 2
Diatomaceous earth foliar spraying along with adjuvants in pistachio orchards associated with the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae. 在与普通开心果木虱相关的开心果果园中,伴随着佐剂的硅藻土叶面喷洒。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-019
Saleh Panahandeh, Kamal Ahmadi

The common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae, is a serious global pest menacing pistachio orchards. Considering the dangers of using excessive chemical pesticides, it seems that using natural insecticides such as diatomaceous earth is a suitable way to lower the residual amount of highly hazardous pesticides. In this study, the effects of diatomaceous earth with different additives, including dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, polyurethane glue as a wood adhesive, and potassium silicate, were investigated in several concentrations over two years in orchard conditions. Although all treatments showed significant effects, the most effective treatments were (diatomaceous earth+dipotassium hydrogen phosphate) and (diatomaceous earth+polyurethane glue). Therefore, the use of diatomaceous earth combined with the additive materials mentioned can potentially be a safe method for the integrated management of the common pistachio psylla.

常见的开心果木虱(Agonoscena pistacae)是一种严重威胁开心果果园的全球性害虫。考虑到过量使用化学农药的危害,使用硅藻土等天然杀虫剂似乎是降低高危农药残留量的合适途径。本研究在两年多的果园条件下,研究了不同浓度硅藻土添加不同添加剂(包括磷酸氢二钾、聚氨酯胶作为木材粘合剂和硅酸钾)对硅藻土的影响。虽然所有处理均有显著效果,但最有效的处理是(硅藻土+磷酸氢二钾)和(硅藻土+聚氨酯胶)。因此,硅藻土与上述添加剂材料联合使用可能是一种安全的综合治理普通开心果木的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Use of mathematical modeling and its inverse analysis for precise assessment of pesticide dissipation in a paddy environment. 利用数学模型及其逆分析精确评价水稻环境中农药耗散。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.J22-03
Kei Kondo

The extrapolability of the lysimeter test as a dissipation simulator in an actual paddy field was evaluated using mathematical models and their inverse analyses for predicting pesticide fate and transport processes in paddy test systems. As a source of experimental data, a four-year comparative experiment in lysimeters and paddy fields was conducted using various paddy pesticides. First, the dissipations for various active ingredients in granule pesticides under submerged applications were statistically compared using simple kinetic modeling. Second, the dissipation pathways, unobserved experimental components, and effect of the experimental setting were evaluated using a higher tier mathematical model with a novel inverse analysis protocol. Finally, owing to experimental constraints, the unobtainable parameters were extracted from the laboratory container test before being transferred to compare the outdoor experimental data under different formulation types.

利用数学模型及其逆分析方法,评价了溶蚀计试验作为实际水田耗散模拟器在预测农药在水田试验系统中的宿命和运移过程中的外推性。作为实验数据的来源,采用不同的水稻农药,进行了为期4年的溶渗仪和水田对比试验。首先,采用简单的动力学模型,统计比较了浸没条件下颗粒农药中各种有效成分的耗散。其次,利用具有新颖逆分析协议的更高层数学模型对耗散路径、未观察到的实验分量和实验设置的影响进行了评估。最后,由于实验条件的限制,将实验室容器试验中无法获得的参数提取出来,再进行转移,比较不同剂型下的室外实验数据。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on the abilities of uptake and translocation from root to shoot of pesticides in soil. 土壤对农药的吸收和根-梢转运能力的研究。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.J22-01
Sayuri Namiki

The uptake experiments with pesticides were performed to clarify differences among plant species, and the influence of growth stages and conditions on the uptake and translocation ability of pesticides. There were 2-10-fold differences among plant species in the root and shoot concentrations of each pesticide, and shoot concentrations of pesticides in Brassica rapa L. var. perviridis were relatively high. In addition, the changes in shoot concentrations with growth stage of B. rapa were affected by root system development. The influence of temperature on uptake and translocation ability differed for each pesticide, while uptake and translocation ability were high for short day lengths. This indicated that plant uptake and translocation of pesticides were affected by root system development and growth conditions such as temperature and day length, not only the relationships to the chemical's properties and behavior of organic chemicals in the soil.

通过对农药的吸收试验,阐明不同植物种类间的差异,以及不同生长阶段和生长条件对农药吸收和转运能力的影响。各农药的根、梢浓度在不同植物种间存在2 ~ 10倍的差异,其中在紫芸苔上的根、梢浓度较高。此外,根系发育还会影响叶片中芽部浓度随生育期的变化。温度对不同农药的吸收和转运能力的影响不同,但在较短的日照时间内,吸收和转运能力较高。这表明,植物对农药的吸收和转运不仅受土壤中有机化学物质的性质和行为的影响,还受根系发育和生长条件(如温度和日照长度)的影响。
{"title":"Studies on the abilities of uptake and translocation from root to shoot of pesticides in soil.","authors":"Sayuri Namiki","doi":"10.1584/jpestics.J22-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.J22-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The uptake experiments with pesticides were performed to clarify differences among plant species, and the influence of growth stages and conditions on the uptake and translocation ability of pesticides. There were 2-10-fold differences among plant species in the root and shoot concentrations of each pesticide, and shoot concentrations of pesticides in <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. var. <i>perviridis</i> were relatively high. In addition, the changes in shoot concentrations with growth stage of <i>B. rapa</i> were affected by root system development. The influence of temperature on uptake and translocation ability differed for each pesticide, while uptake and translocation ability were high for short day lengths. This indicated that plant uptake and translocation of pesticides were affected by root system development and growth conditions such as temperature and day length, not only the relationships to the chemical's properties and behavior of organic chemicals in the soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":16712,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pesticide Science","volume":"47 3","pages":"131-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/a1/jps-47-3-J22-01.PMC9706277.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10378474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discovery of novel pyridine carboxamides with antifungal activity as potential succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors. 具有抗真菌活性的新型吡啶类羧胺类琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂的发现。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-017
Zhongzhong Yan, Zihui Yang, Longjian Qiu, Yan Chen, Aijun Li, Taopeng Chang, Xinzhe Niu, Jingyan Zhu, Shihao Wu, Feng Jin

Fifteen novel pyridine carboxamide derivatives bearing a diarylamine-modified scaffold were designed, synthesized, and their antifungal activity was evaluated. Preliminary bioassay results showed that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to good in vitro antifungal activity. Further, compound 6-chloro-N-(2-(phenylamino)phenyl)nicotinamide (3f) displayed good in vivo antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. The enzymatic test on B. cinerea succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) showed that the inhibitory activity possessed by compound 3f equally matches that of thifluzamide. Molecular docking results demonstrated that compound 3f could commendably dock with the active site of SDH via stable hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting the possible binding modes of the title compounds with SDH. The results above revealed that the target compounds would be the leading fungicide compound for further investigation.

设计、合成了15种新型二芳胺修饰吡啶羧胺衍生物,并对其抗真菌活性进行了评价。初步的生物试验结果表明,部分合成的化合物具有中等到良好的体外抗真菌活性。此外,化合物6-氯- n -(2-(苯基氨基)苯基)烟酰胺(3f)在体内对灰霉病菌具有良好的抗真菌活性。酶学试验表明,化合物3f对葡萄球菌琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的抑制活性与硫氟唑胺相当。分子对接结果表明,化合物3f可以通过稳定的氢键和疏水相互作用与SDH活性位点很好地对接,提示了标题化合物与SDH可能的结合方式。上述结果表明,目标化合物将是进一步研究的主要杀菌剂化合物。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging technologies for the chemical control of root parasitic weeds. 根寄生杂草化学防治的新技术。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-045
Kojiro Kawada, Tomoyuki Koyama, Ikuo Takahashi, Hidemitsu Nakamura, Tadao Asami

Parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae family include devastating weed species, such as Striga, Orobanche, and Phelipanche, which parasitize major crops, drastically reduces crop yields and cause economic losses of over a billion US dollars worldwide. Advances in basic research on molecular and cellular processes responsible for parasitic relationships has now achieved steady progress through advances in genome analysis, biochemical analysis and structural biology. On the basis of these advances it is now possible to develop chemicals that control parasitism and reduce agricultural damage. In this review we summarized the recent development of chemicals that can control each step of parasitism from strigolactone biosynthesis in host plants to haustorium formation.

寄生虫科的寄生植物包括具有破坏性的杂草物种,如斯特里加、Orobanche和菲利潘切,它们寄生在主要作物上,严重降低作物产量,并在全球造成超过10亿美元的经济损失。通过基因组分析、生化分析和结构生物学的进展,寄生关系的分子和细胞过程的基础研究取得了稳步进展。在这些进展的基础上,现在有可能开发出控制寄生和减少农业损害的化学品。本文综述了近年来控制寄生各阶段的化学物质的研究进展,从寄主植物的独角兽内酯生物合成到吸器的形成。
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引用次数: 0
Biological soil disinfestation compatible with renewable energy production for sustainable agriculture. 生物土壤消毒与可再生能源生产兼容,促进可持续农业。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.D22-010
Shaohua Chen, Tatsuya Hirano, Yoshiaki Hayashi, Hiroto Tamura

Biological soil disinfestation (BSD) is biotechnology to control soil-borne plant pathogens based on the anaerobic-reducing environment in soil and the functions of indigenous microbes. A new sustainable agricultural technology, the GET system, which produces and recovers methane as renewable energy from paddy fields, has a structure and principles similar to those of BSD technology. To confirm the potential of the GET system as BSD technology, the microbial community structures in the GET system were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Thirty-four phyla were detected: 31 bacterial and 3 archaeal. Firmicutes dominated during the experimental period, which plays an important role in BSD functions such as organic decomposition, nitrate removal, and soil-borne pathogen elimination. The ability of the GET system to control soil-borne pathogens as well as produce renewable energy was demonstrated.

土壤生物消毒(BSD)是一种基于土壤中的厌氧还原环境和本地微生物的功能来控制土传植物病原体的生物技术。一种新的可持续农业技术,即 GET 系统,可从稻田中生产和回收甲烷作为可再生能源,其结构和原理与 BSD 技术相似。为了证实 GET 系统作为 BSD 技术的潜力,我们使用新一代测序技术分析了 GET 系统中的微生物群落结构。共检测到 34 个门类:31 个细菌门和 3 个古细菌门。在实验期间,固着菌占主导地位,在有机物分解、硝酸盐去除和土传病原体消除等 BSD 功能中发挥着重要作用。GET 系统在控制土传病原体和生产可再生能源方面的能力得到了证明。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a rice herbicide, fenquinotrione. 水稻除草剂芬喹诺酮的研制。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-20 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.J22-02
Atsushi Nagamatsu, Ken Ueda, Ryuji Tamai, Shinki Tani, Shunsuke Yamamoto

Fenquinotrione is a novel rice herbicide that was discovered and developed by Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. It can control a wide range of broadleaf and sedge weeds with excellent rice selectivity at 30 g a.i./10 a and is as effective as the wild type on acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant weeds. Our metabolic and molecular biological studies showed that CYP81A6-mediated demethylation and subsequent glucose conjugation are responsible for the safety of fenquinotrione in rice. Fenquinotrione was registered in Japan in 2018, and various products containing fenquinotrione have been launched. With its high efficacy and excellent rice selectivity, we believe that fenquinotrione will contribute to efficient food production in the future.

芬喹诺酮是Kumiai化学工业有限公司发现并开发的一种新型水稻除草剂。对阔叶杂草和莎草杂草有广泛的防治作用,对水稻有很好的选择性。/10 a,对抗乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂杂草的效果与野生型相同。我们的代谢和分子生物学研究表明,cyp81a6介导的去甲基化和随后的葡萄糖偶联是芬喹诺酮在水稻中的安全性的原因。芬喹诺酮于2018年在日本注册,并推出了多种含有芬喹诺酮的产品。我们相信,芬喹诺酮具有高效的药效和优异的水稻选择性,将为未来的高效粮食生产做出贡献。
{"title":"Development of a rice herbicide, fenquinotrione.","authors":"Atsushi Nagamatsu,&nbsp;Ken Ueda,&nbsp;Ryuji Tamai,&nbsp;Shinki Tani,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yamamoto","doi":"10.1584/jpestics.J22-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.J22-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fenquinotrione is a novel rice herbicide that was discovered and developed by Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. It can control a wide range of broadleaf and sedge weeds with excellent rice selectivity at 30 g a.i./10 a and is as effective as the wild type on acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant weeds. Our metabolic and molecular biological studies showed that CYP81A6-mediated demethylation and subsequent glucose conjugation are responsible for the safety of fenquinotrione in rice. Fenquinotrione was registered in Japan in 2018, and various products containing fenquinotrione have been launched. With its high efficacy and excellent rice selectivity, we believe that fenquinotrione will contribute to efficient food production in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16712,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pesticide Science","volume":"47 3","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6c/d9/jps-47-3-J22-02.PMC9706282.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10378472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Pesticide Science
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