Pub Date : 2011-02-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63338
E. Ilodigwe, I. Chima
Pharmacy practice has transcended from largely a dispensary practice to pharmaceutical care practice. It is necessary to assess public awareness and demand for pharmaceutical care in Yenogoa. This study used a sample size of 450 randomly selected respondents not below 18 years of age. Only 21% of the respondents had the right knowledge about the community pharmacist, while 39% needed the services of the pharmacist before or during drug use. Furthermore, the awareness of availability of pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacies was 3% while 75% of the respondents believed a community pharmacy was just a place drugs can be obtained. As the profession and pharmacists endeavour to improve knowledge and skill to deliver pharmaceutical care to the society, efforts should be made to increase its awareness and demand. This is imperative for its rooting in Nigeria and ensuring sustained societal professional relevance and mutual benefit. Keywords: patient focused care, community pharmacy, Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)
{"title":"Public awareness of Pharmaceutical care availability in community pharmacies in Yenogoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Ilodigwe, I. Chima","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63338","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacy practice has transcended from largely a dispensary practice to pharmaceutical care practice. It is necessary to assess public awareness and demand for pharmaceutical care in Yenogoa. This study used a sample size of 450 randomly selected respondents not below 18 years of age. Only 21% of the respondents had the right knowledge about the community pharmacist, while 39% needed the services of the pharmacist before or during drug use. Furthermore, the awareness of availability of pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacies was 3% while 75% of the respondents believed a community pharmacy was just a place drugs can be obtained. As the profession and pharmacists endeavour to improve knowledge and skill to deliver pharmaceutical care to the society, efforts should be made to increase its awareness and demand. This is imperative for its rooting in Nigeria and ensuring sustained societal professional relevance and mutual benefit. Keywords: patient focused care, community pharmacy, Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87722789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63361
O. Aremu, V. Makanjuola, M. Adedokun
A study has been carried out on honey from comb of bee, Apis mellifera . L. (Family, Apidae) as a viscosity modifier in conjunction with certain suspending agents in the formulation of cotrimoxazole suspension, to solve the problem of caking associated with most brands in the market. Six formulations including control, with or without suspending agents were compared to commercial brands by determining sedimentation volume, flow rate and rheological properties of all the preparations. The results show that two out of five commercial brands had satisfactory suspendability characteristics (p Keywords: honey, suspending agent, viscosity modifier, suspension, cotrimoxazole Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)
{"title":"Use of honey as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of cotrimoxazole suspension","authors":"O. Aremu, V. Makanjuola, M. Adedokun","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63361","url":null,"abstract":"A study has been carried out on honey from comb of bee, Apis mellifera . L. (Family, Apidae) as a viscosity modifier in conjunction with certain suspending agents in the formulation of cotrimoxazole suspension, to solve the problem of caking associated with most brands in the market. Six formulations including control, with or without suspending agents were compared to commercial brands by determining sedimentation volume, flow rate and rheological properties of all the preparations. The results show that two out of five commercial brands had satisfactory suspendability characteristics (p Keywords: honey, suspending agent, viscosity modifier, suspension, cotrimoxazole Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78811819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63335
C. Ezugwu, C. Ugwoke
The fixed oil from the fruit of Canarium schweinfurthii Linn was investigated. The oil was obtained using three different methods, viz: solvent extraction, hot water extraction and cold expression. The oils were subjected to physical analysis using standard methods. Solvent extraction gave the highest oil yield while cold expression gave the purest oil. Phytochemical analysis of the fruits revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, resins, glycosides and acids. Other determined properties were as follows: iodine value (68.56-84.56 g); acid value (5.22 – 6.41 mg); Saponification value (93.97 – 120.62 mg); Ester value (88.36 – 114.21 mg); Peroxide value (18.18 – 32.38 ml); Hydroxyl value (152.2-127.15 mg); Acetyl value (26.23-28.23 mg) and unsaponifiable matter (4.0 – 4.8 %). Keywords: Characterization, fixed oil, Canarium schweinfurthii , extraction Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)
{"title":"Characterization of the fixed oil from Canarium Schweinfurthii fruit (family Burseraceae)","authors":"C. Ezugwu, C. Ugwoke","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63335","url":null,"abstract":"The fixed oil from the fruit of Canarium schweinfurthii Linn was investigated. The oil was obtained using three different methods, viz: solvent extraction, hot water extraction and cold expression. The oils were subjected to physical analysis using standard methods. Solvent extraction gave the highest oil yield while cold expression gave the purest oil. Phytochemical analysis of the fruits revealed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, resins, glycosides and acids. Other determined properties were as follows: iodine value (68.56-84.56 g); acid value (5.22 – 6.41 mg); Saponification value (93.97 – 120.62 mg); Ester value (88.36 – 114.21 mg); Peroxide value (18.18 – 32.38 ml); Hydroxyl value (152.2-127.15 mg); Acetyl value (26.23-28.23 mg) and unsaponifiable matter (4.0 – 4.8 %). Keywords: Characterization, fixed oil, Canarium schweinfurthii , extraction Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76453616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63336
K. Pandey, E. Ibezim
Oceans cover more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface, and it is a well-acknowledged fact now, that life originated in the oceans. Furthermore, the oceans are also the source of chemically inimitable natural products that are mainly accumulated in living organisms. Numerous bioactive compounds of therapeutic interest have been isolated from marine invertebrates, and some of them have been reported to be of microbial origin. Several of these compounds show pharmacological activities and are helpful for the invention and discovery of bioactive compounds, primarily for deadly diseases like cancer, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome, etc., while other compounds have been developed as analgesics or to treat inflammation, etc. The lifesaving drugs are mainly found abundantly in microorganisms, algae and invertebrates, while they are scarce in vertebrates. Modern technologies have opened enormous areas of research for the isolation of biologically active compounds from marine water bodies. KeyWords: Chemical compounds, seas, wonder drugs, marine invertebrates, oceanic biodiversity Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)
{"title":"Medicinal compounds of Marine origin","authors":"K. Pandey, E. Ibezim","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V7I1.63336","url":null,"abstract":"Oceans cover more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface, and it is a well-acknowledged fact now, that life originated in the oceans. Furthermore, the oceans are also the source of chemically inimitable natural products that are mainly accumulated in living organisms. Numerous bioactive compounds of therapeutic interest have been isolated from marine invertebrates, and some of them have been reported to be of microbial origin. Several of these compounds show pharmacological activities and are helpful for the invention and discovery of bioactive compounds, primarily for deadly diseases like cancer, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome, etc., while other compounds have been developed as analgesics or to treat inflammation, etc. The lifesaving drugs are mainly found abundantly in microorganisms, algae and invertebrates, while they are scarce in vertebrates. Modern technologies have opened enormous areas of research for the isolation of biologically active compounds from marine water bodies. KeyWords: Chemical compounds, seas, wonder drugs, marine invertebrates, oceanic biodiversity Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences , Vol. 7 No. 1 (2010)","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86251966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work compared the compressional, mechanical and drug release properties of paracetamol tablets produced through direct compression with those obtained from wet granulation. Compressional properties were analyzed using density measurements, angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The mechanical properties of the tablets were assessed using the crushing strength (CS), friability(F) and crushing strength-friability ratio (CSFR) of the tablets, while drug release properties were assessed using disintegration time and dissolution profile. The granules possessed better flow properties than the powder mixtures for direct compression. Paracetamol tablets prepared by wet granulation were harder than those prepared by direct compression as shown by the CS. The evaluation of the release properties showed that the amount of paracetamol released at any given time was higher for tablets prepared by direct compression than those prepared by wet granulation. Thus, wet granulation with carefully selected drug excipients may be a better method over direct compression in paracetamol tablets formulation. Keywords: Paracetamol tablets, direct compression, wet granulation, mechanical properties, drug release properties
{"title":"Effect of Formulation Methods on the Mechanical and Release Properties of Paracetamol Tablets","authors":"T. Ajala, O. Aremu, Pa Segun, J. Ayorinde","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I2","url":null,"abstract":"This work compared the compressional, mechanical and drug release properties of paracetamol tablets produced through direct compression with those obtained from wet granulation. Compressional properties were analyzed using density measurements, angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The mechanical properties of the tablets were assessed using the crushing strength (CS), friability(F) and crushing strength-friability ratio (CSFR) of the tablets, while drug release properties were assessed using disintegration time and dissolution profile. The granules possessed better flow properties than the powder mixtures for direct compression. Paracetamol tablets prepared by wet granulation were harder than those prepared by direct compression as shown by the CS. The evaluation of the release properties showed that the amount of paracetamol released at any given time was higher for tablets prepared by direct compression than those prepared by wet granulation. Thus, wet granulation with carefully selected drug excipients may be a better method over direct compression in paracetamol tablets formulation. Keywords: Paracetamol tablets, direct compression, wet granulation, mechanical properties, drug release properties","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74827426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out to investigate the in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the methanolic seed extract of Apium graveolens Linn. belonging to the family Apiaceae. Traditionally, the seeds of A. graveolens L. were used as diuretic, anti-inflammatory and aphrodisiac. The ability to inhibit ACE was evaluated by quantifying the decrease in N-[3-(2-furyl)acryloyl]-L- phenylalanylglycylglycine (FAPGG) peak area at 345 nm using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The antioxidant activities of the extract were determined by evaluating its superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical scavenging abilities, ferrous chelating ability, reducing power ability and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ACE inhibitory potency of the seed extract (IC 50 = 666.26 ± 1.32 μg/ml) was found to be significant (P<0.01) when compared with the standard lisinopril (IC 50 = 0.19 ± 0.02 ng/ml). The extract showed a strong antioxidant activity when compared with the standard. The results of this study suggest that the methanolic seed extract of A. graveolens has significant ACE inhibitory and antioxidant activities.
本研究旨在调查温度对尼日利亚市售甲硝唑混悬液降解的影响。采用微生物测定法测定了6种不同牌号的甲硝唑混悬液的活性含量，编号为MTZ A ~ MTZ F。在30°C、37°C和45°C三种不同的高温下储存，在每种温度下，通过浓度与时间的对数曲线确定降解速率常数。根据阿伦尼乌斯方程预测了不同品牌药物的保质期，并与制造商的标签声明进行了比较。结果证实，温度升高导致不同品牌药物的降解速率常数增加。所研究的所有品牌的保质期从35.0到80.8周不等，而计算的保质期与标签声明的百分比从制造商声明的保质期的29.3%到67.3%不等。本研究表明，温度升高导致甲硝唑悬浮液的降解增加。可以得出结论，尼日利亚市售的一些甲硝唑混悬液可能早在产品标签上标明的实际日期之前就过期了。
{"title":"Stability studies and degradation kinetics of some commercially available metronidazole suspensions in Nigeria","authors":"K. Ofokansi, P. Uzor","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I3","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to investigate the in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the methanolic seed extract of Apium graveolens Linn. belonging to the family Apiaceae. Traditionally, the seeds of A. graveolens L. were used as diuretic, anti-inflammatory and aphrodisiac. The ability to inhibit ACE was evaluated by quantifying the decrease in N-[3-(2-furyl)acryloyl]-L- phenylalanylglycylglycine (FAPGG) peak area at 345 nm using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The antioxidant activities of the extract were determined by evaluating its superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical scavenging abilities, ferrous chelating ability, reducing power ability and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ACE inhibitory potency of the seed extract (IC 50 = 666.26 ± 1.32 μg/ml) was found to be significant (P<0.01) when compared with the standard lisinopril (IC 50 = 0.19 ± 0.02 ng/ml). The extract showed a strong antioxidant activity when compared with the standard. The results of this study suggest that the methanolic seed extract of A. graveolens has significant ACE inhibitory and antioxidant activities.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"1400-1410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81804062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68151
T. Onyekaba, J. Arute, Co Anie
Aqueous infusion of the leaf extract of Buchholzia coriaceae is used in the treatment of infections like cough, wound and diarrhea. In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extract of leaves of B. coriacea were evaluated against four reference bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, K. spp) and one reference fungus (C. albicans ). Gentamicin and tioconazole were used as control. The leaves were harvested, dried, pulverized and extracted by process of cold maceration using the polar solvent methanol. The parameters evaluated included phytochemical constituents, extraction yield and antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, reducing sugars, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. The extract was found to have broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that was comparable to that of gentamicin and tioconazole. This justifies the folkloric use of the plant as an antimicrobial agent.
{"title":"Antimicrobial and phytochemical screening of the methanolic leaf extract of buchholzia coriacea (wonderful cola)","authors":"T. Onyekaba, J. Arute, Co Anie","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68151","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous infusion of the leaf extract of Buchholzia coriaceae is used in the treatment of infections like cough, wound and diarrhea. In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extract of leaves of B. coriacea were evaluated against four reference bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, K. spp) and one reference fungus (C. albicans ). Gentamicin and tioconazole were used as control. The leaves were harvested, dried, pulverized and extracted by process of cold maceration using the polar solvent methanol. The parameters evaluated included phytochemical constituents, extraction yield and antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, reducing sugars, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. The extract was found to have broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that was comparable to that of gentamicin and tioconazole. This justifies the folkloric use of the plant as an antimicrobial agent.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"134 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79628071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68145
C. Kumarappan, K. Karpagam., S. Jaswanth, C. Subhash
The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia hirta on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in albino rats. Intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (1 ml/kg body weight every 72 hrs for 16 days significantly increased serum pyruvate transaminase, serum oxalate transaminase and serum bilirubin levels in rats. Histopathologically it produced hepatic necrosis, especially in the central lobular region. Simultaneous treatment with Euphorbia hirta (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight daily) and carbon tetrachloride, caused improvement of both biochemical and histopathological parameters compared to that of carbon tetrachloride treatment group alone. However, the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.001) hepatoprotective activity at 200 mg/kg p.o, which was comparable to the activity exhibited by the standard reference silymarin in carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity model. These findings were confirmed by the results of the histopathological study of liver.
{"title":"Hepatoprotective effect of euphorbia hirta on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats","authors":"C. Kumarappan, K. Karpagam., S. Jaswanth, C. Subhash","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V8I1.68145","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia hirta on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in albino rats. Intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (1 ml/kg body weight every 72 hrs for 16 days significantly increased serum pyruvate transaminase, serum oxalate transaminase and serum bilirubin levels in rats. Histopathologically it produced hepatic necrosis, especially in the central lobular region. Simultaneous treatment with Euphorbia hirta (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight daily) and carbon tetrachloride, caused improvement of both biochemical and histopathological parameters compared to that of carbon tetrachloride treatment group alone. However, the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.001) hepatoprotective activity at 200 mg/kg p.o, which was comparable to the activity exhibited by the standard reference silymarin in carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity model. These findings were confirmed by the results of the histopathological study of liver.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83449112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48547
U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiarthritic activity of water extract of leaves of Abrus precatorius (AP) on arthritis induced model in rats. Arthritis was induced in male albino Wister rats by injection of croton oil (0.1 ml) into the left foot pad of the animals. Treatment with AP at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose and standard indomethacin (0.3 mg/kg) was started on the same day and continued up to day 12. The paw volume was measured and antiathritic activity evaluated on days 1, 5, 12 and 21 after treatment. The extract of AP produced reduction in the inflammation of the paw produced due to croton oil. The antiarthritic action started on day 5 and continued till day 12 and the activity was comparable to that of the standard on both days. AP significantly inhibited adjuvant induced arthritis and has significant ant-inflammatory effect (P<0.05).
{"title":"Antiarthritic activity of Abrus precatorius in Albino rats","authors":"U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48547","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiarthritic activity of water extract of leaves of Abrus precatorius (AP) on arthritis induced model in rats. Arthritis was induced in male albino Wister rats by injection of croton oil (0.1 ml) into the left foot pad of the animals. Treatment with AP at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose and standard indomethacin (0.3 mg/kg) was started on the same day and continued up to day 12. The paw volume was measured and antiathritic activity evaluated on days 1, 5, 12 and 21 after treatment. The extract of AP produced reduction in the inflammation of the paw produced due to croton oil. The antiarthritic action started on day 5 and continued till day 12 and the activity was comparable to that of the standard on both days. AP significantly inhibited adjuvant induced arthritis and has significant ant-inflammatory effect (P<0.05).","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80819179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-02DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48536
E. Ibezim, P. Duchowicz, N. Ibezim, M. Sanservino, E. Castro
Molecular modeling has proved an indispensible tool in exact science research utilizing tested computational theories. One important area of application of molecular modeling is in the physics discipline. It has been used extensively in understudying some physics based principles which have often proved difficult to unravel by laboratory experimental studies. Use is made of theories and models like density functional theory, molecular mechanics method, Thomas Fermi model and molecular dynamics. Several computer softwares have been employed in physics-based modeling and include: Ascalaph, BOSS, CHARMM, COSMOS, Ghemical, GROMOS, GROMACS, MDynaMix, NAMD, STR3DI32, TINKER, Zodiac, X-PLOR.
{"title":"Computer - based modeling in extract sciences research -II. Physics","authors":"E. Ibezim, P. Duchowicz, N. Ibezim, M. Sanservino, E. Castro","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48536","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular modeling has proved an indispensible tool in exact science research utilizing tested computational theories. One important area of application of molecular modeling is in the physics discipline. It has been used extensively in understudying some physics based principles which have often proved difficult to unravel by laboratory experimental studies. Use is made of theories and models like density functional theory, molecular mechanics method, Thomas Fermi model and molecular dynamics. Several computer softwares have been employed in physics-based modeling and include: Ascalaph, BOSS, CHARMM, COSMOS, Ghemical, GROMOS, GROMACS, MDynaMix, NAMD, STR3DI32, TINKER, Zodiac, X-PLOR.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78697580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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