Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223138
Ayang, Ol, Abonyi, Lc
Background: Fetal ultrasound-estimated cephalic index refers to the ratio of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) to the occipito-frontal diameter (OFD) by means of ultrasound estimation. The cephalic index is regarded as a useful anthropometric variable in medicine, forensic science and anthropology. There is limited data on the cephalic indices of Nigerian fetuses Objective: To check for variations of prenatal ultrasound-estimated cephalic indices between fetuses of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ancestry. Methodology: In a cross sectional study carried out in ultrasound diagnostic centres in Lagos, Enugu and Kano, all in Nigeria, fetal biparietal and occipitofrontal diameters were obtained from 200 fetuses each of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups. The cephalic index was calculated for each group. The values were statistically analysed after deriving the relevant indices. Result: The fetal cephalic indices for Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups were observed to be 80 ± 3.4, 79.1 ± 5.1 and 78.4 ± 2.6 %, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that fetuses of Igbo ancestry had a different cephalic index categorization from other ethnic groups. This knowledge will be useful to sonographers and researchers.
{"title":"Variation of Prenatal Ultrasound-Estimated Cephalic Index; A Comparative Study of Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba Ethnic Groups in Nigeria","authors":"Ayang, Ol, Abonyi, Lc","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223138","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Fetal ultrasound-estimated cephalic index refers to the ratio of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) to the occipito-frontal diameter (OFD) by means of ultrasound estimation. The cephalic index is regarded as a useful anthropometric variable in medicine, forensic science and anthropology. There is limited data on the cephalic indices of Nigerian fetuses \u0000Objective: To check for variations of prenatal ultrasound-estimated cephalic indices between fetuses of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ancestry. \u0000Methodology: In a cross sectional study carried out in ultrasound diagnostic centres in Lagos, Enugu and Kano, all in Nigeria, fetal biparietal and occipitofrontal diameters were obtained from 200 fetuses each of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups. The cephalic index was calculated for each group. The values were statistically analysed after deriving the relevant indices. \u0000Result: The fetal cephalic indices for Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups were observed to be 80 ± 3.4, 79.1 ± 5.1 and 78.4 ± 2.6 %, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The results showed that fetuses of Igbo ancestry had a different cephalic index categorization from other ethnic groups. This knowledge will be useful to sonographers and researchers. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85545391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223078
Nworah Nf, C. Nzotta, H. Chiegwu, Oyekunle Eo, Ikegwuonu Nc, Ugwuanyi Dc
Background:Quality control of conventional x-ray tube ensures that the patient integral radiation dose is minimized and image quality is improved, by controlling the x-ray beam to reduce scatter radiation. Objective:To assess x-ray tubes for half value layer (HVL), x-ray field and light field congruence using known standard. Methodology:The HVLs were measured using calibrated, non-invasive, digital multifunctional detector meter that incorporate computer output. The detector was positioned at the center of the collimated beam axis with focus-to-image distance (FID) of 100 cm. Tube potentials of 80 and 100 kVp were selected, and used to make exposures. The corresponding HVLs were then recorded. Also, x-ray field and light field congruence were measured by placing 18 cm x 24 cm cassette loaded with film at FID of 100 cm. The collimator light was in ON position and metal markers were used to delineate the periphery of the light field. Misalignment was calculated from the developed radiographs using standard formula. Results:The HVL ranged from 3.40 to 4.4mmAl. Also, the sum of the misalignment in both orthogonal directions ranged from 7.21 to 9.70 % of FID in all three centers. Conclusion:The HVL were within standard limit at 80 and 100 kVp in all the centers studied. However, x-ray field and light field were grossly misaligned.
背景:传统x射线管的质量控制是通过控制x射线束来减少散射辐射，以保证患者整体辐射剂量的最小化和图像质量的提高。目的:用已知标准评价x射线管半值层(HVL)、x光场和光场一致性。方法:hvl测量使用校准，非侵入性，数字式多功能检测器，包括计算机输出。探测器位于准直光束轴线的中心，聚焦像距离(FID)为100 cm。选择80和100 kVp的管电位进行曝光。然后记录相应的hvl。此外，通过将装有薄膜的18 cm x 24 cm盒式磁带放置在100 cm的FID处，测量x射线场和光场一致性。准直器光处于ON位置，用金属标记圈定光场外围。用标准公式从显影的x线片中计算不对准。结果:HVL范围为3.40 ~ 4.4mmAl。此外，在两个正交方向上，三个中心的误差总和为FID的7.21 ~ 9.70%。结论:各中心HVL均在80、100 kVp的标准范围内。然而，x射线场和光场严重错位。
{"title":"Quality Control of Conventional X-Ray Tube in Three Tertiary Hospitals in South-East, Nigeria","authors":"Nworah Nf, C. Nzotta, H. Chiegwu, Oyekunle Eo, Ikegwuonu Nc, Ugwuanyi Dc","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background:Quality control of conventional x-ray tube ensures that the patient integral radiation dose is minimized and image quality is improved, by controlling the x-ray beam to reduce scatter radiation. \u0000 Objective:To assess x-ray tubes for half value layer (HVL), x-ray field and light field congruence using known standard. \u0000Methodology:The HVLs were measured using calibrated, non-invasive, digital multifunctional detector meter that incorporate computer output. The detector was positioned at the center of the collimated beam axis with focus-to-image distance (FID) of 100 cm. Tube potentials of 80 and 100 kVp were selected, and used to make exposures. The corresponding HVLs were then recorded. Also, x-ray field and light field congruence were measured by placing 18 cm x 24 cm cassette loaded with film at FID of 100 cm. The collimator light was in ON position and metal markers were used to delineate the periphery of the light field. Misalignment was calculated from the developed radiographs using standard formula. \u0000Results:The HVL ranged from 3.40 to 4.4mmAl. Also, the sum of the misalignment in both orthogonal directions ranged from 7.21 to 9.70 % of FID in all three centers. \u0000Conclusion:The HVL were within standard limit at 80 and 100 kVp in all the centers studied. However, x-ray field and light field were grossly misaligned. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81813141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223228
Abeabe, Christopher Ishiekwen, A. Aliyu
Background: Dose levels in radio-diagnostic settings depend largely on equipment status and examination techniques. It is essential to carry out quality control (QC) on the x-ray systems to ensure proper optimization and the maintenance of quality for better diagnostic outcome, and to avoid the risk of injury. Objective: To carryout QC for the assessment of the accuracy of exposure parameters for the purpose of optimization of radiation protection. Methodology: Quality control measurements including tube output, kVp, mA and timer accuracy, linearity and reproducibility were carried out using a multi-function quality control kit, RMI, 181B and measuring tape. Results: The results of these measurements indicate that the tube output of the machines within the kVp range of 60 to 120 falls between 13.52 x 10-3 and 161.26 x 10-3 with a linear relationship between the kVp and tube output in all the hospitals. It also showed exposure parameters’ operation to be within tolerance limits except in a single hospital with aspects of out-of-range performance. Conclusion: All equipment under study functioned within safe limits but further investigation and corrective action is required in one of the centres.
{"title":"Accuracy of X-Ray Exposure Parameters in some Radio-diagnostic Centres in Kaduna State, Nigeria","authors":"Abeabe, Christopher Ishiekwen, A. Aliyu","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v32i1.223228","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Dose levels in radio-diagnostic settings depend largely on equipment status and examination techniques. It is essential to carry out quality control (QC) on the x-ray systems to ensure proper optimization and the maintenance of quality for better diagnostic outcome, and to avoid the risk of injury. \u0000Objective: To carryout QC for the assessment of the accuracy of exposure parameters for the purpose of optimization of radiation protection. \u0000Methodology: Quality control measurements including tube output, kVp, mA and timer accuracy, linearity and reproducibility were carried out using a multi-function quality control kit, RMI, 181B and measuring tape. \u0000Results: The results of these measurements indicate that the tube output of the machines within the kVp range of 60 to 120 falls between 13.52 x 10-3 and 161.26 x 10-3 with a linear relationship between the kVp and tube output in all the hospitals. It also showed exposure parameters’ operation to be within tolerance limits except in a single hospital with aspects of out-of-range performance. \u0000Conclusion: All equipment under study functioned within safe limits but further investigation and corrective action is required in one of the centres. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91307033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223066
Jamiu Isiaq, C. Ohagwu, Kelechi Okwara
Background: The African traditional society places a high premium on fecundity and therefore, views infertility as a personal tragedy. Prolonged infertility might lead to suicidal tendencies, stigmatization, marital instability, and enormous psychological stress. In recent times in Nigeria, there appears to be an upsurge in the number of couples investigated for infertility using hysterosalpingography (HSG). Objective: To observe the trend of HSG findings at a foremost tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methods: A consecutive enlistment of HSG radiographs concluded and reported on between July 2014 to December 2018. Using an inclusion criteria of patients who had an initial ultrasound scan prior to HSG as noted from radiologists reports, a sample size of 623 radiographs was enlisted from a HSG population of 2,624 cases. Patients’ demographic information were extracted from their request cards and radiologists’ reports. Results: Patients were aged 22 – 54 (mean: 36.30 ± 6.00) years, with a modal age range of 31 – 40 year (58.5 %) showing the highest throughput. Hysterosalpingography abnormalities were in two broad sites of uterus and fallopian tubes with the former showing a higher frequency ((n = 362, 58.11 %). Specifically, fibroid (n = 198, 31.80 %) and congenital anomalies (n = 24, 3.80 %) were the most and least prevalent abnormalities, respectively. Conclusions: Women aged 31 – 40 years were the most common patients for HSG, and uterine fibroid was the most common abnormality found in this study.
{"title":"Hysterosalpingographic Interrogation of Infertility at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria","authors":"Jamiu Isiaq, C. Ohagwu, Kelechi Okwara","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223066","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The African traditional society places a high premium on fecundity and therefore, views infertility as a personal tragedy. Prolonged infertility might lead to suicidal tendencies, stigmatization, marital instability, and enormous psychological stress. In recent times in Nigeria, there appears to be an upsurge in the number of couples investigated for infertility using hysterosalpingography (HSG). \u0000Objective: To observe the trend of HSG findings at a foremost tertiary hospital in Nigeria. \u0000Methods: A consecutive enlistment of HSG radiographs concluded and reported on between July 2014 to December 2018. Using an inclusion criteria of patients who had an initial ultrasound scan prior to HSG as noted from radiologists reports, a sample size of 623 radiographs was enlisted from a HSG population of 2,624 cases. Patients’ demographic information were extracted from their request cards and radiologists’ reports. \u0000Results: Patients were aged 22 – 54 (mean: 36.30 ± 6.00) years, with a modal age range of 31 – 40 year (58.5 %) showing the highest throughput. Hysterosalpingography abnormalities were in two broad sites of uterus and fallopian tubes with the former showing a higher frequency ((n = 362, 58.11 %). Specifically, fibroid (n = 198, 31.80 %) and congenital anomalies (n = 24, 3.80 %) were the most and least prevalent abnormalities, respectively. \u0000Conclusions: Women aged 31 – 40 years were the most common patients for HSG, and uterine fibroid was the most common abnormality found in this study.","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75553163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223069
Njoku, Jérôme, Abonyi, L. Chibuzo
Background: Medical Imaging has witnessed a revolution in technological advancement, being in the forefront among other disciplines in the health sector. Most of the earlier modalities that were largely analogue and mechanical have been replaced by automated and digitized technology. Objective: To track the developments and innovations in certain aspects of medical imaging that have impacted positively on patient care. Methods: Relevant literature were searched physically and online for both old and modern technological innovations in medical imaging and patient care. Results: There have been new technologies such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and the various ramifications of ultrasonography. Innovations in imaging modalities have brought increased diagnostic accuracy, much as examination time has been drastically shortened and radiation dose levels minimized or completely dispensed with. Manufacturing of portable equipment means that technology can now be taken to the patient and more time is dedicated to patient care. Introduction of digital radiography and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems have further impacted positively on efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery. Graduate degree programmes have invigorated radiographers’ drive for the discovery of new and better ways of diagnosis and treatment through research. Conclusion: Innovations in technology have led to miniaturization of equipment making it possible to take services to the critically ill patients, thereby improving patients’ accessibility to medical care. Also patients’ exposure to ionizing radiation has reduced due to improvement in research and development of new modalities using radiant energies other than ionizing radiation.
{"title":"A Review of Medical Imaging Innovations that Impacted Patient Care in Recent Decades as Link to Future Trends","authors":"Njoku, Jérôme, Abonyi, L. Chibuzo","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223069","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical Imaging has witnessed a revolution in technological advancement, being in the forefront among other disciplines in the health sector. Most of the earlier modalities that were largely analogue and mechanical have been replaced by automated and digitized technology. \u0000Objective: To track the developments and innovations in certain aspects of medical imaging that have impacted positively on patient care. \u0000Methods: Relevant literature were searched physically and online for both old and modern technological innovations in medical imaging and patient care. \u0000Results: There have been new technologies such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and the various ramifications of ultrasonography. Innovations in imaging modalities have brought increased diagnostic accuracy, much as examination time has been drastically shortened and radiation dose levels minimized or completely dispensed with. Manufacturing of portable equipment means that technology can now be taken to the patient and more time is dedicated to patient care. Introduction of digital radiography and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems have further impacted positively on efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery. Graduate degree programmes have invigorated radiographers’ drive for the discovery of new and better ways of diagnosis and treatment through research. \u0000Conclusion: Innovations in technology have led to miniaturization of equipment making it possible to take services to the critically ill patients, thereby improving patients’ accessibility to medical care. Also patients’ exposure to ionizing radiation has reduced due to improvement in research and development of new modalities using radiant energies other than ionizing radiation. ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77237785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223068
Aisha R. Faragai, A. Ugwu, Mohammed Hassan, M. Sidi
Background: Due to the risk of hazard from ionizing radiation, non-radiology doctors who refer patients to the radiology departments ought to be knowledgeable enough about what their patients are subjected to. The high throughput of radiology requests in our centre in Nigeria justifies this study. Aim: To evaluate the level of knowledge of non-radiology doctors on ionizing radiation with a view to reviewing local protocols on justification of investigations involving ionizing radiation. Material and method: Eighty (80) structured questionnaires were administered to non-radiology doctors practising in different hospitals n Kano city, Nigeria. Answers were elicited on radiation protection principles, concept of ionizing radiation, radiation effects, imaging modalities that emit ionizing radiation, radiation measurements and attitude towards ionizing radiation. Results: Seventy questionnaires were returned out of the eighty sent out with sixty-four (80 %) being properly filled. Knowledge of non-radiology doctors was variable on different indices; 15.6 %, n = 10 (fundamental principles of radiation protection); 45.3 %, n = 29 (effects of ionizing radiation); 34.4 %, n = 22 (knowledge on ionizing property of radiation); 73 %, n = 47 (emission of ionizing radiation by computed tomography); and 85.9 %, n = 55 (interest in specific modality). Conclusion: Non-radiology doctors in Kano metropolis have fairly good knowledge of potential hazards of radiation.
背景:由于电离辐射的危害风险，转介病人到放射科的非放射科医生应该对他们的病人所受的辐射有足够的了解。我们在尼日利亚中心的高通量放射学要求证明了这项研究的合理性。目的:评估非放射科医生对电离辐射的知识水平，以审查当地有关电离辐射调查理由的规定。材料和方法:对尼日利亚卡诺市不同医院的非放射科医生进行了80份结构化问卷调查。与会者就辐射防护原理、电离辐射概念、辐射效应、发射电离辐射的成像方式、辐射测量和对电离辐射的态度等问题作出了回答。结果:共发放问卷80份，回收问卷70份，正确填写64份(80%)。非放射科医生的知识在不同指标上存在差异;15.6%， n = 10(辐射防护基本原理);45.3%， n = 29(电离辐射的影响);34.4%， n = 22(辐射电离特性知识);73%， n = 47(计算机断层扫描电离辐射发射);85.9%， n = 55(对特定模态的兴趣)。结论:卡诺市非放射科医师对辐射的潜在危害有较好的认识。
{"title":"How Knowledgeable are Non-Radiology Doctors on Ionizing Radiation","authors":"Aisha R. Faragai, A. Ugwu, Mohammed Hassan, M. Sidi","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the risk of hazard from ionizing radiation, non-radiology doctors who refer patients to the radiology departments ought to be knowledgeable enough about what their patients are subjected to. The high throughput of radiology requests in our centre in Nigeria justifies this study. \u0000Aim: To evaluate the level of knowledge of non-radiology doctors on ionizing radiation with a view to reviewing local protocols on justification of investigations involving ionizing radiation. \u0000Material and method: Eighty (80) structured questionnaires were administered to non-radiology doctors practising in different hospitals n Kano city, Nigeria. Answers were elicited on radiation protection principles, concept of ionizing radiation, radiation effects, imaging modalities that emit ionizing radiation, radiation measurements and attitude towards ionizing radiation. \u0000Results: Seventy questionnaires were returned out of the eighty sent out with sixty-four (80 %) being properly filled. Knowledge of non-radiology doctors was variable on different indices; 15.6 %, n = 10 (fundamental principles of radiation protection); 45.3 %, n = 29 (effects of ionizing radiation); 34.4 %, n = 22 (knowledge on ionizing property of radiation); 73 %, n = 47 (emission of ionizing radiation by computed tomography); and 85.9 %, n = 55 (interest in specific modality). \u0000Conclusion: Non-radiology doctors in Kano metropolis have fairly good knowledge of potential hazards of radiation.","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90750450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223071
Uche H. Chiegwu, Lois N. Nwokeocha, Loveth O. Obi, Uzuegbunam C. Ukamaka,, Okonkwo C. Chibuzo
Objective To investigate the perception of sister professional groups in Nigeria towards radiography profession. Methods: Questionnaires were used to survey the opinions of 160 healthcare professionals from five professional groups. The respondents scored radiographers on some characteristics of professional occupations. Results: Only in education was radiography scored 70.0 % and above by respondents. The range of scores in other areas was 55 – 65 %. Conclusion: Nigerian radiographers need to strive harder to improve public perception on many indices.
{"title":"Perception of Sister Health Professionals about Radiography Profession in Nigeria","authors":"Uche H. Chiegwu, Lois N. Nwokeocha, Loveth O. Obi, Uzuegbunam C. Ukamaka,, Okonkwo C. Chibuzo","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223071","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Objective \u0000To investigate the perception of sister professional groups in Nigeria towards radiography profession. \u0000Methods: Questionnaires were used to survey the opinions of 160 healthcare professionals from five professional groups. The respondents scored radiographers on some characteristics of professional occupations. \u0000Results: Only in education was radiography scored 70.0 % and above by respondents. The range of scores in other areas was 55 – 65 %. \u0000Conclusion: Nigerian radiographers need to strive harder to improve public perception on many indices. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73784725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223070
Khadija A. Muhammad, M. Dambele, Mohammed Hassan, M. Sidi
Background: Radiology request cards are essential communication tools between physicians and radiation personnel. Clinical audit is part of quality assurance that guarantees patient care. Objective: To assess the adequacy of patient data and clinical information filled in request cards sent to Radiology Department of our facility by referring clinicians. Material and methods: Four hundred (400) radiology request cards were randomly selected from the records of the department and scrutinized for bio-data/clinical information. Result: Completely filled request cards were 2/267 (ultrasound), 1/40 (computed tomography) and 2/93 (conventional x-ray). Conclusion: Consistency in complete filliing of radiology request cards in our facility was lacking. The audit revealed actual practice, and the need for improvement.
{"title":"Audit of Radiology Request Cards in a Tertiary Hospital in NorthWest Nigeria","authors":"Khadija A. Muhammad, M. Dambele, Mohammed Hassan, M. Sidi","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223070","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Radiology request cards are essential communication tools between physicians and radiation personnel. Clinical audit is part of quality assurance that guarantees patient care. \u0000Objective: To assess the adequacy of patient data and clinical information filled in request cards sent to Radiology Department of our facility by referring clinicians. \u0000Material and methods: Four hundred (400) radiology request cards were randomly selected from the records of the department and scrutinized for bio-data/clinical information. \u0000Result: Completely filled request cards were 2/267 (ultrasound), 1/40 (computed tomography) and 2/93 (conventional x-ray). \u0000Conclusion: Consistency in complete filliing of radiology request cards in our facility was lacking. The audit revealed actual practice, and the need for improvement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82068307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223073
Akpaniwo G.M
Background: The entrance surface dose (ESD) has been used to determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) by regulatory bodies to help medical radiation workers to checkmate excessive dose to patients. Objective: To peer review practice in our centre using recommended diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as standard. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of fifty x-ray patients who had thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) taped on their skin to quantify entrance surface dose (ESD) during x-ray investigation. The patients appeared in Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto between 1st August and 30th September 2018. Their weights and heights were measured directly. Thereafter, they were divided into 5 groups of ten each for five specific anatomical areas: PA chest, AP of pelvis, abdomen, lumbosacral spine, and lateral lumbosacral spine. Irradiated TLDs were read, and the mean ESD was calculated. Results: Entrance surface dose (ESD) was 0.26 mGy (chest), 0.46 mGy (AP lumbosacral), 0.71 mGy (pelvis), 1.3 mGy (abdomen), and 1.6 mGy (lateral lumbosacral). The ESD values were found to be lower than similar studies carried out in Nigeria, as well as diagnostic reference levels in UK. Conclusion: Optimization of patient protection in UDUTH was comparable to recommended practices locally and internationally.
{"title":"Patient X-Ray Entrance Surface Dose at a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, North-West Nigeria.","authors":"Akpaniwo G.M","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223073","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: The entrance surface dose (ESD) has been used to determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) by regulatory bodies to help medical radiation workers to checkmate excessive dose to patients. \u0000Objective: To peer review practice in our centre using recommended diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as standard. \u0000Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of fifty x-ray patients who had thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) taped on their skin to quantify entrance surface dose (ESD) during x-ray investigation. The patients appeared in Radiology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto between 1st August and 30th September 2018. Their weights and heights were measured directly. Thereafter, they were divided into 5 groups of ten each for five specific anatomical areas: PA chest, AP of pelvis, abdomen, lumbosacral spine, and lateral lumbosacral spine. Irradiated TLDs were read, and the mean ESD was calculated. \u0000Results: Entrance surface dose (ESD) was 0.26 mGy (chest), 0.46 mGy (AP lumbosacral), 0.71 mGy (pelvis), 1.3 mGy (abdomen), and 1.6 mGy (lateral lumbosacral). The ESD values were found to be lower than similar studies carried out in Nigeria, as well as diagnostic reference levels in UK. \u0000Conclusion: Optimization of patient protection in UDUTH was comparable to recommended practices locally and internationally. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89533983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223072
Uche H. Chiegwu, Chimuanya D Ugwuanyi, Chigozie F. Ofokansi
Objectives: To understand undergraduate radiography students’ perception on effective teaching and learning. Methods: Two hundred (200) radiography students from different academic levels of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus and University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, were enlisted. Self-completion semi- structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from students on their perception of the teaching methods employed by lecturers. Results: Results revealed that factors such as teaching methods, lecturers’ knowledge of the subject, their disposition at lectures, use of clear concepts and their practical applications, learning environment, use of visual teaching aids, and use of non-judgmental feedback on students’ work can influence effective learning. Other influencing factors included workload and lecture scheduling, student academic level, age, gender and availability of facilities. Conclusion: The academic performance of students is not only influenced by the lecturer’s knowledge of the subject but also the method used, available facilities, the age and academic level of the students.
{"title":"Factors that affect Teaching and Learning among Undergraduate Radiography Students in two Nigerian Universities.","authors":"Uche H. Chiegwu, Chimuanya D Ugwuanyi, Chigozie F. Ofokansi","doi":"10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48153/jrrs.v33i1.223072","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Objectives: To understand undergraduate radiography students’ perception on effective teaching and learning. \u0000Methods: Two hundred (200) radiography students from different academic levels of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus and University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, were enlisted. Self-completion semi- structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from students on their perception of the teaching methods employed by lecturers. \u0000Results: Results revealed that factors such as teaching methods, lecturers’ knowledge of the subject, their disposition at lectures, use of clear concepts and their practical applications, learning environment, use of visual teaching aids, and use of non-judgmental feedback on students’ work can influence effective learning. Other influencing factors included workload and lecture scheduling, student academic level, age, gender and availability of facilities. \u0000Conclusion: The academic performance of students is not only influenced by the lecturer’s knowledge of the subject but also the method used, available facilities, the age and academic level of the students. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88631980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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