Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106346
Flexible silicone rubber (SR) foams with tunable cellular morphologies were fabricated via supercritical CO2 foaming. Conductive carbon black (CB) modified at a low cost and with high complex viscosity was preferentially selected. The effects of the pore size and void fraction on the electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the SR/CB composite foams were carefully investigated. The pore size of the foams affected the specific shielding effectiveness (SSE) and absorption coefficient (A), whereas the variation in the void fraction did not generate evident changes. In comparison with its solid counterpart, a foam with a pore diameter of 59.9 μm showed a 50 % decrease in density, 31.6 % increase in absorptivity, and 95.7 % increase in SSE, demonstrating a considerable electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). Decreases in the pore size and void fraction of the foams improved compression modulus and strength. In addition, sample preparation process was simplified, making industrial production easier.
{"title":"Facile preparation of conductive silicone rubber composite foams with tunable cell morphologies and absorption-dominant characteristics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible silicone rubber (SR) foams with tunable cellular morphologies were fabricated <em>via</em> supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> foaming. Conductive carbon black (CB) modified at a low cost and with high complex viscosity was preferentially selected. The effects of the pore size and void fraction on the electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the SR/CB composite foams were carefully investigated. The pore size of the foams affected the specific shielding effectiveness (<em>SSE</em>) and absorption coefficient (<em>A</em>), whereas the variation in the void fraction did not generate evident changes. In comparison with its solid counterpart, a foam with a pore diameter of 59.9 μm showed a 50 % decrease in density, 31.6 % increase in absorptivity, and 95.7 % increase in <em>SSE</em>, demonstrating a considerable electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI <em>SE</em>). Decreases in the pore size and void fraction of the foams improved compression modulus and strength. In addition, sample preparation process was simplified, making industrial production easier.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106344
Meryem Boufetacha , Abdelilah Ayad , Nicolas Thiebault , Nadia Boussetta , Elkhadir Gharibi , Mohammed Benali
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is one of the most widely exploited medicinal plants for its bioactive compounds, including rosmarinic acid (RA), carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CAR). This study aims to selectively extract these compounds, using supercritical fluids extraction with carbon dioxide and ethanol as co-solvents, based on the Hansen solubility parameters approach. This approach predicted that CA and CAR are highly soluble in the supercritical fluid. However, a weak interaction was predicted between RA and this fluid. The experimental findings indicated the highest amounts of RA and CA were observed at 150 bar and 80°C, resulting in yields of 3.43 mg/g dry weight (DW), and 18.9 mg/g DW, respectively. Favourable extraction conditions for CAR were recorded at 250 bar and 40°C, with a content of 19.1 mg/g DW. Evaluation of antioxidant activity using DPPH tests revealed that extracts obtained at 250 bar at 40 and 80°C rich in CAR have a stronger antioxidant power.
迷迭香(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)是一种被广泛利用的药用植物,其生物活性化合物包括迷迭香酸(RAs)、肉毒碱(CA)和肉毒酚(CAR)。本研究以汉森溶解度参数法为基础,以二氧化碳和乙醇为助溶剂,采用超临界流体萃取法选择性地提取这些化合物。该方法预测 CA 和 CAR 在超临界流体中的溶解度很高。然而,根据预测,RA 与该流体之间的相互作用较弱。实验结果表明,在 150 巴和 80 摄氏度的条件下,RA 和 CA 的含量最高,产量分别为 3.43 毫克/克干重(DW)和 18.9 毫克/克干重。在 250 巴和 40 摄氏度的条件下,CAR 的提取效果较好,含量为 19.1 毫克/克干重。使用 DPPH 试验对抗氧化活性进行评估后发现,在 250 bar、40 和 80°C 条件下提取的富含 CAR 的提取物具有更强的抗氧化能力。
{"title":"Selective extraction of carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid from Rosmarinus officinalis L. using supercritical fluid and their antioxidant activity","authors":"Meryem Boufetacha , Abdelilah Ayad , Nicolas Thiebault , Nadia Boussetta , Elkhadir Gharibi , Mohammed Benali","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L. is one of the most widely exploited medicinal plants for its bioactive compounds, including rosmarinic acid (RA), carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CAR). This study aims to selectively extract these compounds, using supercritical fluids extraction with carbon dioxide and ethanol as co-solvents, based on the Hansen solubility parameters approach. This approach predicted that CA and CAR are highly soluble in the supercritical fluid. However, a weak interaction was predicted between RA and this fluid. The experimental findings indicated the highest amounts of RA and CA were observed at 150 bar and 80°C, resulting in yields of 3.43 mg/g dry weight (DW), and 18.9 mg/g DW, respectively. Favourable extraction conditions for CAR were recorded at 250 bar and 40°C, with a content of 19.1 mg/g DW. Evaluation of antioxidant activity using DPPH tests revealed that extracts obtained at 250 bar at 40 and 80°C rich in CAR have a stronger antioxidant power.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106345
Mohammad Mahdi Barzegar, Feridun Esmaeilzadeh, Ali Zandifar
This study investigates the estimation of solute solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) within a pressure and temperature range of 80 bar to 490.29 bar and 308 K to 423 K. We propose a novel empirical model that establishes a correlation between relevant parameters and the targeted solubility. A feature importance algorithm facilitated the development of this empirical model. The model’s accuracy is comprehensively evaluated using 40 published experimental datasets, with an average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 9.9 %. It demonstrates superior performance compared to 12 previously established models. Furthermore, a fine-tuned artificial neural network (ANN) is developed to harness the unique capabilities of machine learning techniques. The ANN outperforms the proposed model, achieving a significantly lower AARD% of 4.38. This outcome emphasizes the potential of machine learning techniques, particularly ANNs, for achieving superior accuracy.
{"title":"A comparative analysis of density-based and neural network modeling for predicting the solubility of organic compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide","authors":"Mohammad Mahdi Barzegar, Feridun Esmaeilzadeh, Ali Zandifar","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the estimation of solute solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO<sub>2</sub>) within a pressure and temperature range of 80 bar to 490.29 bar and 308 K to 423 K. We propose a novel empirical model that establishes a correlation between relevant parameters and the targeted solubility. A feature importance algorithm facilitated the development of this empirical model. The model’s accuracy is comprehensively evaluated using 40 published experimental datasets, with an average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 9.9 %. It demonstrates superior performance compared to 12 previously established models. Furthermore, a fine-tuned artificial neural network (ANN) is developed to harness the unique capabilities of machine learning techniques. The ANN outperforms the proposed model, achieving a significantly lower AARD% of 4.38. This outcome emphasizes the potential of machine learning techniques, particularly ANNs, for achieving superior accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the hydrothermal synthesis of KNbO3-NaNbO3 particles, which contains compositions of interest as lead-free piezoelectric materials. Precursor solutions containing Nb2O5, NaOH/KOH were hydrothermally reacted at 190 0C for 15 hours using either a conventional reactor or a reactor with stirring. For 50 % KOH or lower, the product was cubic or elongated cuboid/belt-shaped NaNbO3, whereas solely KOH resulted in hexagonal plate-like KNbO3. When 75 % KOH was used, the product was a mixture of large K5Na3Nb6O19·9 H2O hexagonal plates and smaller NaNbO3 cubes. We hypothesized this phase segregation was induced by highly concentrated microenvironments, and stirring would prevent that. Accordingly, stirring hydrothermal treatment of 75 % KOH solution produced only K5Na3Nb6O19·H2O hexagonal plates, which could be transformed to K0.7Na0.3NbO3 by calcination. By reducing the hydrothermal treatment time to 1 – 6 hours we isolated reaction intermediates, and based on them propose a kinetics-controlled mechanism for hydrothermal reactions of Nb2O5 and KOH/NaOH.
{"title":"Effect of stirring and KOH/NaOH ratio on phase formation in hydrothermal synthesis of KNbO3-NaNbO3 particles","authors":"Ellawala K. Chandima Pradeep, Alexandre Chauvel, Cenk Abdurrahmanoglu, Ragnar Kiebach, Astri Bjørnetun Haugen","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the hydrothermal synthesis of KNbO<sub>3</sub>-NaNbO<sub>3</sub> particles, which contains compositions of interest as lead-free piezoelectric materials. Precursor solutions containing Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, NaOH/KOH were hydrothermally reacted at 190 <sup>0</sup>C for 15 hours using either a conventional reactor or a reactor with stirring. For 50 % KOH or lower, the product was cubic or elongated cuboid/belt-shaped NaNbO<sub>3</sub>, whereas solely KOH resulted in hexagonal plate-like KNbO<sub>3</sub>. When 75 % KOH was used, the product was a mixture of large K<sub>5</sub>Na<sub>3</sub>Nb<sub>6</sub>O<sub>19</sub>·9 H<sub>2</sub>O hexagonal plates and smaller NaNbO<sub>3</sub> cubes. We hypothesized this phase segregation was induced by highly concentrated microenvironments, and stirring would prevent that. Accordingly, stirring hydrothermal treatment of 75 % KOH solution produced only K<sub>5</sub>Na<sub>3</sub>Nb<sub>6</sub>O<sub>19</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O hexagonal plates, which could be transformed to K<sub>0.7</sub>Na<sub>0.3</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> by calcination. By reducing the hydrothermal treatment time to 1 – 6 hours we isolated reaction intermediates, and based on them propose a kinetics-controlled mechanism for hydrothermal reactions of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and KOH/NaOH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089684462400175X/pdfft?md5=9896c0d608550f2b36abe1d0085df976&pid=1-s2.0-S089684462400175X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106341
Aref Mamakhel , Magnus Kløve , Martin Bondesgaard , Troels L. Christiansen , Steen Uttrup Pedersen , Jørgen Skibsted , Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
Amphoteric oxides can be challenging to produce in phase pure form due to their sensitivity to the pH of the reaction mixture. The high-pressure, high-temperature reaction conditions of hydrothermal processes make the pH difficult to control. Here we report a simple approach to obtain nanoparticles of amphoteric oxides, where cheap metal nitrate precursors are reacted in alcohol (2-propanol) water mixtures (25 vol%:75 vol%) to maintain a neutral pH under solvothermal conditions. Phase pure SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized in a continuous flow solvothermal reactor at 250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C and 400 °C with sizes ranging from 3 nm to 7 nm. The nanoparticles were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, 119Sn MAS NMR spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen adsorption, UV–VIS, and as anode material in CR2032 Li-ion battery cells. To demonstrate generality, amphoteric oxides ZnO, Bi2O3, Cr2O3 and γ-AlOOH were also synthesized.
{"title":"Amphoteric SnO2 nanoparticles via pH-controlled continuous flow solvothermal synthesis","authors":"Aref Mamakhel , Magnus Kløve , Martin Bondesgaard , Troels L. Christiansen , Steen Uttrup Pedersen , Jørgen Skibsted , Bo Brummerstedt Iversen","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amphoteric oxides can be challenging to produce in phase pure form due to their sensitivity to the pH of the reaction mixture. The high-pressure, high-temperature reaction conditions of hydrothermal processes make the pH difficult to control. Here we report a simple approach to obtain nanoparticles of amphoteric oxides, where cheap metal nitrate precursors are reacted in alcohol (2-propanol) water mixtures (25 vol%:75 vol%) to maintain a neutral pH under solvothermal conditions. Phase pure SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized in a continuous flow solvothermal reactor at 250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C and 400 °C with sizes ranging from 3 nm to 7 nm. The nanoparticles were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, <sup>119</sup>Sn MAS NMR spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen adsorption, UV–VIS, and as anode material in CR2032 Li-ion battery cells. To demonstrate generality, amphoteric oxides ZnO, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and γ-AlOOH were also synthesized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896844624001761/pdfft?md5=fa89cf655ae986f2f7fd6596993da994&pid=1-s2.0-S0896844624001761-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106338
Marvin Dorn , Lukas Franke , Paul Figiel , Sabine Kareth , Eckhard Weidner , Christoph Held , Marcus Petermann
The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is of increasing importance for the development of a closed carbon cycle. Here, electrolytes are often used to increase the electrical conductivity and thus the current density. In addition, the use of compressed CO2 and electrolyte-containing organic solvents suppresses hydrogen evolution. However, the electrical conductivity of CO2-saturated electrolyte solutions is mostly unknown. Therefore, their electrical conductivity was investigated in this work at different electrolyte concentrations, pressures (up to 150 bar) and temperatures (298.15 K and 343.15 K). In addition, the simplified Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA-simple) model, supported by ePC-SAFT for density modeling, was used to successfully model the conductivity. The results show that CO2-saturated electrolyte solutions generally exhibit lower conductivities than CO2-free electrolyte solutions. However, at very low electrolyte and CO2 concentrations, the conductivities were higher in CO2-saturated electrolyte solutions than in CO2-free electrolyte solutions, which is a new finding in the literature.
电化学二氧化碳还原反应(CO2RR)对于开发封闭式碳循环的重要性与日俱增。在这种情况下,通常使用电解质来增加导电性,从而提高电流密度。此外,使用压缩的 CO 和含电解质的有机溶剂可抑制氢的演化。然而,CO 饱和电解质溶液的电导率大多不为人知。因此,本研究对不同电解质浓度、压力(最高 150 巴)和温度(298.15 K 和 343.15 K)下的电导率进行了研究。此外,在 ePC-SAFT 的密度建模支持下,使用简化的平均球形近似(MSA-simple)模型成功地建立了电导率模型。结果表明,CO 饱和电解质溶液的电导率通常低于不含 CO 的电解质溶液。然而,在电解质和 CO 浓度很低的情况下,CO 饱和电解质溶液的电导率要高于无 CO 的电解质溶液,这在文献中是一个新发现。
{"title":"Measurement and modeling of the electrical conductivity of organic electrolyte solutions and their mixtures with compressed CO2","authors":"Marvin Dorn , Lukas Franke , Paul Figiel , Sabine Kareth , Eckhard Weidner , Christoph Held , Marcus Petermann","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is of increasing importance for the development of a closed carbon cycle. Here, electrolytes are often used to increase the electrical conductivity and thus the current density. In addition, the use of compressed CO<sub>2</sub> and electrolyte-containing organic solvents suppresses hydrogen evolution. However, the electrical conductivity of CO<sub>2</sub>-saturated electrolyte solutions is mostly unknown. Therefore, their electrical conductivity was investigated in this work at different electrolyte concentrations, pressures (up to 150 bar) and temperatures (298.15 K and 343.15 K). In addition, the simplified Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA-simple) model, supported by ePC-SAFT for density modeling, was used to successfully model the conductivity. The results show that CO<sub>2</sub>-saturated electrolyte solutions generally exhibit lower conductivities than CO<sub>2</sub>-free electrolyte solutions. However, at very low electrolyte and CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, the conductivities were higher in CO<sub>2</sub>-saturated electrolyte solutions than in CO<sub>2</sub>-free electrolyte solutions, which is a new finding in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896844624001736/pdfft?md5=95fd1acbf1ab9cbd8710a02275c15cc1&pid=1-s2.0-S0896844624001736-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106343
Liang Wang , Yuechen Zhao , Minxuan Liu , Zihang Song , Yiwei Sun , Sijia Ni , Shenguang Fu , Rongkun Pan
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) fracturing significantly enhances shale gas recovery, which is influenced by particle size. We soaked shale in SCCO2 and investigated the impact of SCCO2 on different particle sizes. Large-particle shales showed the largest percentage changes in specific surface area and total pore volume (54.11 %, 87.87 %; 58.59 %, 76.32 %) followed by small-particle size shales. This trend was also observed in other pore structure parameters. The particle-size effect is: Large-particle shale, with abundant microfractures, enhances SCCO2 flow and pore alteration. Small-particle shale's high specific surface area facilitates SCCO2 penetration. Medium-particle shale is less affected due to balanced interactions of these factors. Methane is primarily found in large and medium pores and microfractures. Methane adsorption in shale mainly involves multi-layer adsorption. Following SCCO2 treatment, pore fractures narrowed, increasing the proportion of methane molecules adsorbed as a single-layer. This study is crucial for evaluating the fracturing effects on shale gas wells.
{"title":"Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on pore structure and methane adsorption of shale with different particle sizes","authors":"Liang Wang , Yuechen Zhao , Minxuan Liu , Zihang Song , Yiwei Sun , Sijia Ni , Shenguang Fu , Rongkun Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO<sub>2</sub>) fracturing significantly enhances shale gas recovery, which is influenced by particle size. We soaked shale in SCCO<sub>2</sub> and investigated the impact of SCCO<sub>2</sub> on different particle sizes. Large-particle shales showed the largest percentage changes in specific surface area and total pore volume (54.11 %, 87.87 %; 58.59 %, 76.32 %) followed by small-particle size shales. This trend was also observed in other pore structure parameters. The particle-size effect is: Large-particle shale, with abundant microfractures, enhances SCCO<sub>2</sub> flow and pore alteration. Small-particle shale's high specific surface area facilitates SCCO<sub>2</sub> penetration. Medium-particle shale is less affected due to balanced interactions of these factors. Methane is primarily found in large and medium pores and microfractures. Methane adsorption in shale mainly involves multi-layer adsorption. Following SCCO<sub>2</sub> treatment, pore fractures narrowed, increasing the proportion of methane molecules adsorbed as a single-layer. This study is crucial for evaluating the fracturing effects on shale gas wells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141542931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A supercritical CO2 assisted process was used to perform a comparative study between liposomes and niosomes. Process operating conditions were fixed at 100 bar and 40 °C, and the produced vesicles were characterized in terms of mean diameter, size distribution, ζ-potential, and stability over time. Mean diameters of liposomes and niosomes were similar (130 ± 37 nm for liposomes and 141 ± 36 nm for niosomes) and both systems were stable after 1 month from production. Ascorbic acid (AA) was loaded in both kinds of formulation. AA encapsulation efficiency was equal to 92 % and 99 % for liposomes and niosomes, respectively, and DPPH-activity was larger than 90 % in both vesicular systems. Drug release tests revealed that AA was released in 120 min and 240 min from liposomes and niosomes, respectively, due to a different compactness of the vesicle bilayer.
{"title":"Liposomes and niosomes production by a supercritical CO2 assisted process for topical applications: A comparative study","authors":"Lucia Baldino, Domenico Riccardi, Ernesto Reverchon","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> assisted process was used to perform a comparative study between liposomes and niosomes. Process operating conditions were fixed at 100 bar and 40 °C, and the produced vesicles were characterized in terms of mean diameter, size distribution, ζ-potential, and stability over time. Mean diameters of liposomes and niosomes were similar (130 ± 37 nm for liposomes and 141 ± 36 nm for niosomes) and both systems were stable after 1 month from production. Ascorbic acid (AA) was loaded in both kinds of formulation. AA encapsulation efficiency was equal to 92 % and 99 % for liposomes and niosomes, respectively, and DPPH-activity was larger than 90 % in both vesicular systems. Drug release tests revealed that AA was released in 120 min and 240 min from liposomes and niosomes, respectively, due to a different compactness of the vesicle bilayer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896844624001773/pdfft?md5=fa5cb71a969bc34b2be22799e697f75f&pid=1-s2.0-S0896844624001773-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106339
Joséphine de Meester , Patrick Layrisse , Mathieu Marchivie , Laurent Collard , Guillaume Wery , Clément Brandel , Yohann Cartigny , Pascale Subra-Paternault , Tom Leyssens , Christelle Harscoat-Schiavo
We here report the first occurrence of a preferential cocrystallization process assisted by compressed carbon dioxide. Our study focuses on the Nefiracetam-Mandelic acid conglomerate forming system. The cocrystal conglomerate was successfully crystallized using compressed CO2 as antisolvent, and acetone, ethyl acetate, or isobutanol as solvents for starting solutions in the so-called GAS process. We then focus on acetone to successfully perform preferential cocrystallization supported by compressed CO2. A critical step in the design of the process is the adaptation of the set-up to allow the introduction of enantiopure seeding inside the reactor. Based on the use of seeded rings, we test several seeding configurations to enhance enantioseparation through the simultaneous crystallization of both enantiomers in two different areas of the reactor.
我们在此报告了首次出现的由压缩二氧化碳辅助的优先共晶过程。我们的研究重点是奈非拉西坦-扁桃酸结晶体系。在所谓的 GAS 过程中,以压缩二氧化碳作为反溶剂,以丙酮、乙酸乙酯或异丁醇作为起始溶液的溶剂,成功地结晶出了共晶体凝聚体。然后,我们将重点放在丙酮上,在压缩 CO 的支持下成功实现了优先共晶。该工艺设计的关键步骤是调整装置,以便在反应器内引入对映体纯种。在使用种子环的基础上,我们测试了几种种子配置,通过两种对映体在反应器的两个不同区域同时结晶来提高对映体分离效果。
{"title":"Towards a new approach in chiral resolution: Pressurized-CO2 assisted preferential cocrystallization","authors":"Joséphine de Meester , Patrick Layrisse , Mathieu Marchivie , Laurent Collard , Guillaume Wery , Clément Brandel , Yohann Cartigny , Pascale Subra-Paternault , Tom Leyssens , Christelle Harscoat-Schiavo","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We here report the first occurrence of a preferential cocrystallization process assisted by compressed carbon dioxide. Our study focuses on the Nefiracetam-Mandelic acid conglomerate forming system. The cocrystal conglomerate was successfully crystallized using compressed CO<sub>2</sub> as antisolvent, and acetone, ethyl acetate, or isobutanol as solvents for starting solutions in the so-called GAS process. We then focus on acetone to successfully perform preferential cocrystallization supported by compressed CO<sub>2</sub>. A critical step in the design of the process is the adaptation of the set-up to allow the introduction of enantiopure seeding inside the reactor. Based on the use of seeded rings, we test several seeding configurations to enhance enantioseparation through the simultaneous crystallization of both enantiomers in two different areas of the reactor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141464207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106335
Chiara Bufalini , Ida Palazzo , Alessandro Alberto Casazza , Pier Francesco Ferrari , Roberta Campardelli , Giuseppe Firpo , Patrizia Perego , Ernesto Reverchon
Arthrospira platensis polyphenolic natural extracts have several benefits for human health. Due to their instability and reduced shelf-life, these extracts are usually encapsulated. This work analyzed the supercritical emulsion extraction (SEE) process for the production of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with A. platensis polyphenolic extracts. The objective of this work was to evaluate a powdered encapsulation system to overcome the drawbacks of liquid systems, which are those mainly used for microalgae extract stabilization. An optimization study was performed investigating different process parameters and comparing the obtained particles in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency. The process permitted the successfull production of loaded polymeric nanoparticles with an encapsulation efficiency up to 74 % in the best operating conditions. The SEE process allowed a better control of morphology and particle size distribution of the nanometric particles operating in a continuous mode.
{"title":"Encapsulation of Arthrospira platensis polyphenolic extract using supercritical emulsion-based process","authors":"Chiara Bufalini , Ida Palazzo , Alessandro Alberto Casazza , Pier Francesco Ferrari , Roberta Campardelli , Giuseppe Firpo , Patrizia Perego , Ernesto Reverchon","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Arthrospira platensis</em> polyphenolic natural extracts have several benefits for human health. Due to their instability and reduced shelf-life, these extracts are usually encapsulated. This work analyzed the supercritical emulsion extraction (SEE) process for the production of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with <em>A</em>. <em>platensis</em> polyphenolic extracts. The objective of this work was to evaluate a powdered encapsulation system to overcome the drawbacks of liquid systems, which are those mainly used for microalgae extract stabilization. An optimization study was performed investigating different process parameters and comparing the obtained particles in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency. The process permitted the successfull production of loaded polymeric nanoparticles with an encapsulation efficiency up to 74 % in the best operating conditions. The SEE process allowed a better control of morphology and particle size distribution of the nanometric particles operating in a continuous mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}