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Solubility of supercritical CO2 in polystyrene 超临界二氧化碳在聚苯乙烯中的溶解度
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106374
Friso G. Versteeg, Guilherme de M.R. Lima, Francesco Picchioni, Pablo Druetta

Expanded polystyrene (ePS) plays an important role in the food packaging industry. However, the foaming process is environmentally unfriendly. A sustainable alternative is dissolving supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in the polystyrene (PS) matrix. Most studies so far were performed at temperatures above the PS glass transition temperature; however, a more general temperature window is desirable. In this work, the solubility of scCO2 in polystyrene was measured at 323 K, 343 K, 363 K and 383 K and pressure up to 130 bar using a magnetic suspension balance (MSB). It was concluded that the solubility of CO2 in PS decreases with temperature and increases with pressure. The Sanchez-Lacombe Equation of State was utilized to estimate the degree of swelling. The model developed was able to derive the experimentally determined solubilities after correction for the swelling. The interaction parameter, k12, turned out to be only a function of temperature. With these results the solubility and swelling of PS in scCO2 can be more accurately assessed for different temperatures and pressures.

发泡聚苯乙烯(ePS)在食品包装行业发挥着重要作用。然而,发泡工艺并不环保。一种可持续的替代方法是在聚苯乙烯(PS)基质中溶解超临界 CO(scCO)。迄今为止,大多数研究都是在高于 PS 玻璃转化温度的条件下进行的;然而,我们需要一个更宽泛的温度窗口。在这项工作中,使用磁悬浮天平 (MSB) 在 323 K、343 K、363 K 和 383 K 以及高达 130 bar 的压力下测量了 scCO 在聚苯乙烯中的溶解度。结果表明,一氧化碳在聚苯乙烯中的溶解度随温度升高而降低,随压力升高而升高。利用 Sanchez-Lacombe 状态方程估算了溶胀程度。在对溶胀进行修正后,所建立的模型能够推导出实验测定的溶解度。结果表明,相互作用参数 k 只是温度的函数。有了这些结果,就可以更准确地评估 PS 在不同温度和压力下在 scCO 中的溶解度和溶胀度。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatment of Flaveria bidentis leaves prior extraction of sulfated flavonoids with subcritical water 在用亚临界水提取硫酸化黄酮类化合物之前,优化用超临界二氧化碳预处理黄花菜叶的方法
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106349
Paulina Falletti , María F. Barrera Vázquez , Pedro H. Santos , Luiz G. Gonçalves Rodrigues , Marcelo Lanza , Raquel E. Martini , Laura R. Comini

Flaveria bidentis is an invasive plant containing Sulfated Flavonoids (SFs) with therapeutic potential. The extraction of these compounds would add value to the biomass generated during weeding. This work reports the optimization of the pretreatment of F. bidentis leaves with supercritical CO2 (P-SC-CO2) prior extraction of these compounds using subcritical water extraction. The combined effect of different levels of the three factors on P-SC-CO2, Time, Pressure and Depressurization rate, was investigated with Response Surface Methodology. The optimal pretreatment conditions were as follows: Time = 30 min, Pressure = 30 MPa and Depressurization rate = 2 kg CO2/h. Under these conditions, 72.45 ± 0.99 mg of totals SFs/100 g of leaves was recovered, practically doubling total SFs extraction yield in the absence of pretreatment. In addition, the structural damage caused by P-SC-CO2 on the leaves was detected using Scanning Electron Microscopy.

黄花菜是一种入侵植物,含有具有治疗潜力的硫酸黄酮类化合物(SFs)。提取这些化合物将增加除草过程中产生的生物质的价值。本研究报告了在使用亚临界水萃取法萃取这些化合物之前,用超临界二氧化碳(P-SC-CO2)对双子叶植物叶片进行预处理的优化方法。采用响应面法研究了时间、压力和减压率这三个因素对 P-SC-CO2 不同水平的综合影响。最佳预处理条件如下时间 = 30 分钟,压力 = 30 兆帕,减压率 = 2 千克二氧化碳/小时。在这些条件下,每 100 克叶片可回收 72.45 ± 0.99 毫克的总 SFs,实际上是未进行预处理时总 SFs 提取率的两倍。此外,还利用扫描电子显微镜检测了 P-SC-CO2 对叶片结构造成的破坏。
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引用次数: 0
Compressed n-propane extraction of umari pulp oil: A rich Amazon source of β-carotene and omega-9 压缩正丙烷萃取乌玛里果肉油:亚马逊河流域β-胡萝卜素和欧米伽-9的丰富来源
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106369
Lucas Cantão Freitas , Manoel Benedito Sousa Cantão , Vanessa Souza Carvalho , Rogério Willian Silva dos Santos , Marcos Lúcio Corazza , Maria Lucia Masson

Compressed n-propane extraction (CPE) was applied to umari fruit (Poraqueiba sericea Tul.) pulp to obtain an oil rich in high added-value components. CPE was performed at different temperatures and flow rate, which was compared to conventional extraction (Soxhlet). The oils were analyzed for global yields, fatty acid composition, β-carotene content, antioxidant activity, total phenolics content (TPC) total flavonoids (TF), and thermal behavior. The highest extraction yield (29.2 wt%) was obtained with CPE at 80 °C and 3 mL.min−1, being higher than that obtained by Soxhlet. The flow rate variation had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the oil extraction yield, while the temperature had a negative effect. The umari oil obtained by CPE emerges as a rich source of oleic acid (omega-9) and β-carotene (vitamin A precursor), with potential to be applied in various industrial segments and inserted into the Amazon bioeconomy scenario.

对乌梅果(Poraqueiba sericea Tul.)果肉进行压缩正丙烷萃取(CPE),以获得富含高附加值成分的油脂。正丙烷萃取在不同的温度和流速下进行,并与传统萃取(索氏提取法)进行了比较。对油的总产量、脂肪酸组成、β-胡萝卜素含量、抗氧化活性、总酚含量(TPC)、总黄酮含量(TF)和热行为进行了分析。CPE 在 80 °C 和 3 mL.min-1 条件下的提取率最高(29.2 wt%),高于索氏提取法。流速变化对萃取率有显著影响(p < 0.05),而温度则有负面影响。通过 CPE 获得的乌玛里油含有丰富的油酸(omega-9)和 β-胡萝卜素(维生素 A 前体),具有应用于各种工业领域并融入亚马逊生物经济情景的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Decaffeination of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) by pressurized liquid CO2 extraction: A feasible process? 用加压液体二氧化碳萃取法对耶巴马黛茶(Ilex paraguariensis)进行脱咖啡因处理:可行的工艺?
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106368
L.I. Granone , F.A. Sánchez , P. Hegel , S. Pereda

This work introduces a pumpless high-pressure Soxhlet cross-current solid-liquid extraction method using liquid CO2 and hydrated ethanol for studying the decaffeination of yerba mate. By combining experimental results with thermodynamic modelling, a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the co-solvent composition is achieved. It is observed that an ethanol/water mixture with a specific composition of 85 wt% is optimal under mild operating conditions (283 K and 4.5 MPa) for extracting caffeine from chopped yerba mate leaves with a negligible co-extraction of caffeoyl derivative antioxidants. The obtained selectivity, together with the phase equilibrium simulation, provide evidence of the significant potential of liquid CO2 extraction as a decaffeination alternative for yerba mate. Thus, high-pressure Soxhlet extraction serves as simple technique to access valuable experimental information with potential for the conceptual design of further scalable semi-continuous processes.

本研究介绍了一种使用液态二氧化碳和水合乙醇的无泵高压索氏跨流固液萃取法,用于研究耶巴马黛茶的脱咖啡因作用。通过将实验结果与热力学模型相结合,实现了对助溶剂成分影响的全面评估。研究发现,在温和的操作条件下(283 K 和 4.5 MPa),乙醇/水混合物的特定成分为 85 wt%,是从切碎的耶巴马黛茶叶中萃取咖啡因的最佳选择,同时咖啡因酰衍生物抗氧化剂的共萃取量可以忽略不计。所获得的选择性和相平衡模拟结果证明,液态二氧化碳萃取作为耶巴马黛茶的脱咖啡因替代品具有巨大潜力。因此,高压索氏提取是获取宝贵实验信息的简单技术,具有进一步设计可扩展半连续工艺的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Concentration of the oxyterpenes linalool and α-terpineol in orange peel oil by supercritical fluid adsorption 利用超临界流体吸附法浓缩橙皮油中的芳樟醇和α-松油醇
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106354
Victor Saldanha Carvalho , Francisco Manuel Barrales , Luiz Henrique Fasolin , Juliane Viganó , Julian Martínez

The concentration of oxygenated monoterpenes (oxyterpenes) in orange peel oil by supercritical fluid adsorption (SFA) was investigated varying pressure (10–24 MPa) and temperature (40–60 ºC) and using silica aerogels as adsorbent. Dynamic solubility experiments were conducted to obtain the solubility of the monoterpenes in supercritical CO2, revealing that it increases with pressure regardless of temperature. For SFA, 10 MPa and 60 ºC was the most appropriate condition to concentrate oxyterpenes, leading to the lowest solubility of oxyterpenes and highlighting the advantage of lower densities for SFA’s selectivity. Furthermore, this condition yielded the highest concentration factors for oxyterpenes (4.3 for linalool and 6.5 for α-terpineol) within the 80–90 min interval. These findings contribute with valuable insights to SFA processes to concentrate oxyterpenes from orange peel oil, which has the potential to enhance the market value and functionality of this important product from citrus industries.

研究人员使用二氧化硅气凝胶作为吸附剂,在不同压力(10-24 兆帕)和温度(40-60 ºC)条件下,通过超临界流体吸附(SFA)法研究了橘皮油中含氧单萜烯(oxyterpenes)的浓度。通过动态溶解度实验获得了单萜烯类化合物在超临界 CO 中的溶解度,结果表明,无论温度如何,溶解度都会随压力的增加而增加。对于 SFA 而言,10 兆帕和 60 ºC 是浓缩土杂环萜烯的最合适条件,这使得土杂环萜烯的溶解度最低,突出了较低密度对 SFA 选择性的优势。此外,在 80-90 分钟的时间间隔内,该条件下的土杂环萜烯浓度系数最高(芳樟醇为 4.3,α-松油醇为 6.5)。这些研究结果为采用 SFA 工艺浓缩橙皮油中的萜烯类化合物提供了宝贵的见解,从而有可能提高柑橘产业中这一重要产品的市场价值和功能性。
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引用次数: 0
Oxidation of benzene with N2O on ZSM-5 zeolite: A comparison of gas-phase and supercritical conditions 在 ZSM-5 沸石上用 N2O 氧化苯:气相和超临界条件的比较
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106355
V.I. Bogdan , V.L. Zholobenko , T.V. Bogdan , A.L. Kustov , A.E. Koklin , I.I. Mishanin , N.V. Mashchenko , S.E. Bogorodskiy

The catalytic oxidation of benzene with nitrous oxide (N2O) over ZSM-5 zeolite has been carried out in a continuous-flow reactor under supercritical conditions and compared with the results of the gas-phase reaction. Aromatic substrates and nitrous oxide under the conditions of supercritical experiments (300–435 °C, 6.0–18.0 MPa) are both reagents and the supercritical medium. It has been established that the productivity of the supercritical oxidation of benzene into phenol significantly exceeds the productivity of the gas-phase process owing to the limited reversible deactivation of the catalyst under supercritical conditions and the in situ removal of the coke precursors by the dense reaction medium. In addition, it has been demonstrated that a successful in situ regeneration of the deactivated oxidation catalyst can be carried out during the transition from gas-phase reaction conditions to supercritical conditions in one experiment.

在超临界条件下,ZSM-5 沸石在连续流反应器中实现了苯与氧化亚氮(NO)的催化氧化,并与气相反应的结果进行了比较。在超临界实验条件下(300-435 °C,6.0-18.0MPa),芳香基质和氧化亚氮既是试剂,也是超临界介质。实验证明,由于催化剂在超临界条件下的可逆失活有限,以及高密度反应介质对焦炭前体的清除作用,苯超临界氧化成苯酚的生产率大大超过气相工艺的生产率。此外,实验还证明,在一次实验中,从气相反应条件过渡到超临界条件时,可以成功地对失活的氧化催化剂进行原位再生。
{"title":"Oxidation of benzene with N2O on ZSM-5 zeolite: A comparison of gas-phase and supercritical conditions","authors":"V.I. Bogdan ,&nbsp;V.L. Zholobenko ,&nbsp;T.V. Bogdan ,&nbsp;A.L. Kustov ,&nbsp;A.E. Koklin ,&nbsp;I.I. Mishanin ,&nbsp;N.V. Mashchenko ,&nbsp;S.E. Bogorodskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The catalytic oxidation of benzene with nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) over ZSM-5 zeolite has been carried out in a continuous-flow reactor under supercritical conditions and compared with the results of the gas-phase reaction. Aromatic substrates and nitrous oxide under the conditions of supercritical experiments (300–435 °C, 6.0–18.0 MPa) are both reagents and the supercritical medium. It has been established that the productivity of the supercritical oxidation of benzene into phenol significantly exceeds the productivity of the gas-phase process owing to the limited reversible deactivation of the catalyst under supercritical conditions and the <em>in situ</em> removal of the coke precursors by the dense reaction medium. In addition, it has been demonstrated that a successful in situ regeneration of the deactivated oxidation catalyst can be carried out during the transition from gas-phase reaction conditions to supercritical conditions in one experiment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Permeability of porous membrane polymers modified by supercritical carbon dioxide 超临界二氧化碳改性多孔膜聚合物的渗透性
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106357
D.I. Kamalova, M.Kh. Salakhov

An approach to predict the gas permeability of membrane polymers after supercritical CO2 treatment is proposed. The approach is based on the connection of the temperatures of secondary relaxation transitions with the effective sizes of mobile free volume elements in the polymers. The correlation between permeability of nitrogen and effective sizes of mobile holes for a set of polymers is established. The effect of supercritical CO2 on the nitrogen permeability of polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyvinylbutyral is analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy of low-molecular weight conformationally-inhomogeneous compounds introduced in the polymers. Membranes were exposed at 40 MPa and 333 K for 4 h through static treatment and dynamic treatment separately. For polyvinylbutyral, the nitrogen permeability did not change after supercritical CO2 modification while for polysulphone, the effective volume of mobile holes increased, but the nitrogen permeability decreased. For polycarbonate after supercritical CO2, the effective volume of mobile holes and the nitrogen permeability increased.

本文提出了一种预测膜聚合物经超临界 CO 处理后气体渗透性的方法。该方法基于二次弛豫转变温度与聚合物中可移动自由体积元素有效尺寸之间的联系。建立了一组聚合物的氮渗透性与移动孔有效尺寸之间的相关性。通过对聚合物中引入的低分子量构象均一化合物的傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了超临界 CO 对聚碳酸酯、聚砜和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的氮渗透性的影响。分别通过静态处理和动态处理,将膜暴露在 40 兆帕和 333 K 的环境中 4 小时。对于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,超临界 CO 改性后氮渗透性没有变化;而对于聚砜,移动孔的有效体积增加了,但氮渗透性降低了。聚碳酸酯经过超临界 CO 改性后,移动孔的有效体积和氮渗透率都有所增加。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of new semi-empirical density based model for prediction the solubility of pharmaceutical components in supercritical carbon dioxide 基于半经验密度的新模型对超临界二氧化碳中药物成分溶解度预测的评估
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106351
C. Bouhallas , A. Abdallah el hadj , Y. Ammi , A. Belghait

In this paper, a new semi-empirical density-based model was developed to correlate drug compounds solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) as a function of temperature and density of supercritical carbon dioxide. The proposed approach has successfully predicted the solubility of 282 pharmaceutical compounds accounting for 7469 experimental data points collected from literature published between 1994 and 2024. Several statistical metrics, including average absolute relative deviation (AARD=7.24 %), coefficient of correlation (R=0.9987), and coefficient of determination (R2=0.994) were used to validate the reliability of the proposed model and compared with twenty existing density-based models. The overall results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model and its suitability for the correlation of solubility.

本文建立了一个新的基于密度的半经验模型,将药物化合物在超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO)中的溶解度与超临界二氧化碳的温度和密度相关联。从 1994 年至 2024 年间发表的文献中收集了 7469 个实验数据点,所提出的方法成功预测了 282 种药物化合物的溶解度。为了验证所提模型的可靠性,使用了一些统计指标,包括平均绝对相对偏差(AARD=7.24 %)、相关系数(R=0.9987)和决定系数(R=0.994),并与现有的 20 个基于密度的模型进行了比较。总体结果表明了所提模型的准确性及其对溶解度相关性的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Sequential extraction as a pioneering method to separate resin from bacuri fruit shell 顺序萃取法是从巴枯果果壳中分离树脂的开创性方法
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106347
Lucas Cantão Freitas , Flávia Cristina Seabra Pires , Tiago Costa de Araújo , Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior

Sequential extraction (SE) using supercritical CO2 plus ethanol was applied to separate resin from bacuri fruit shell, where process parameters such as particle size, pressure and cosolvent use were studied. The extracts obtained were also analyzed for phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. The extraction results showed that SE was able to separate the resin, which is the first report described in the literature, resulting in a patent. Furthermore, the smaller particle size (0.25 mm) showed the higher extraction rates, providing good yields of lipid extracts (up to 10.09 wt%) and ethanolic extracts (up to 13.78 wt%). The extracts presented good levels of phenolic compounds, which was associated with its high antioxidant capacity. Thus, the application of SE added value to bacuri fruit shell, enabling new strands for potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, placing this by-product in the Amazon bioeconomy scenario.

采用超临界二氧化碳加乙醇的顺序萃取法(SE)分离巴枯果果壳中的树脂,研究了粒度、压力和共溶剂使用等工艺参数。此外,还对提取物中的酚类化合物和抗氧化能力进行了分析。萃取结果表明,SE 能够分离树脂,这在文献中尚属首次报道,并因此获得了一项专利。此外,粒度较小(0.25 毫米)的萃取率较高,脂质萃取物(最高达 10.09 wt%)和乙醇萃取物(最高达 13.78 wt%)的产量也很高。提取物中的酚类化合物含量较高,这与其较高的抗氧化能力有关。因此,SE 的应用增加了巴西莓果壳的价值,为其在食品、制药和化妆品行业的潜在应用提供了新的渠道,使这种副产品进入了亚马逊生物经济领域。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental analysis and modeling of aprepitant (an antiemetic drug for chemotherapy) solubility in subcritical water with/without co-solvent 阿瑞匹坦(一种用于化疗的止吐药)在有/无助溶剂的亚临界水中溶解度的实验分析和建模
IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106356
Hadi Share Mohammadi, Ali Haghighi Asl, Maryam Khajenoori

This action described the experimental equilibrium solubility of aprepitant (APT), an antiemetic drug for chemotherapy, in subcritical water (SW) with/without ethanol as co-solvent, acquired through a static method between 298.15 and 393.15 K and 0–15 % (w/w) of ethanol and the constant pressure of 10 bar. The mole fraction of APT was obtained in the range of 0.39×10−4 to 9.10×10−4 while its mole fraction by cosolvent varied from 0.75×10−4 to 22.98×10−4. The obtained results represented the significant effect of solvent temperature on the solubility of APT. For both studied systems, the solubility data was successfully correlated with two well-known semi-empirical temperature-based models, namely the linear and modified Apelblat models. Results from applying statistical criteria exhibited that the modified Apelblat model had the highest accordance with experimental data. Finally, using the obtained correlation results, the apparent thermodynamic analysis including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of dissolution for APT dissolved in SW was obtained.

该研究描述了化疗止吐药阿瑞匹坦(APT)在有/无乙醇作为助溶剂的亚临界水(SW)中的实验平衡溶解度,该溶解度是通过静态法在 298.15 至 393.15 K 和 0-15 %(w/w)乙醇以及 10 bar 恒压条件下获得的。APT 的摩尔分数范围为 0.39×10 至 9.10×10,而共溶剂的摩尔分数范围为 0.75×10 至 22.98×10。所得结果表明,溶剂温度对 APT 的溶解度有显著影响。对于所研究的两种体系,溶解度数据都成功地与两种著名的基于温度的半经验模型(即线性模型和修正的阿佩尔布拉特模型)相关联。应用统计标准得出的结果表明,修正的 Apelblat 模型与实验数据的吻合度最高。最后,利用所获得的相关结果,得到了溶解在 SW 中的 APT 的表观热力学分析,包括焓、熵和溶解吉布斯自由能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Supercritical Fluids
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