首页 > 最新文献

茶叶科学最新文献

英文 中文
Nutrient Availability of Tea Growing Soil Influenced by Different Rates of Dolomite 不同白云石用量对茶园土壤养分有效性的影响
Pub Date : 2016-01-28 DOI: 10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0001
S. Kavitha, K. Prapagar, G. Gunarathne
Teas ( Camellia sinensis L.) exclusively prefer to grow in acid soils but in very acidic nature it is detrimental to the available nutrient content especially Ca, Mg and Mn in soil. Dolomite is soil amendment which used to mitigate the soil acidity and also it provides some essential nutrient Ca and Mg itself. Present investigation was undertaken to identify the effect of different rate of Dolomite on major and micronutrient availability of Tea growing soils of low country wet zone. Field trial was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of five treatments in different rate of Dolomite (kg/ha/pruning cycle) namely; T1 (control), T2 (1000), T3 (2000), T4 (3000), and T5 (4000). Soil nutrient content at 0-15cm and 15-30cm of depths were studied. The data generated from the study was analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SAS statistical package. Treatment means were compared at probability p< 0.05 using LSD. Soil Exchangeable Al, Ca and D.T.P.A extractable Mn were had no effect. But soil available Fe was significantly declined according to the dolomite rate. The highest average mean value of Fe was obtained in control. Highest average means of soil Exchangeable Mg (101.33mg/kg) was observed in highest dolomite applied plots at 0-15cm depth and highest K (130.67mg/kg) was recorded in the treatment with 2000kg/ha/pruning cycle.
茶树(Camellia sinensis L.)特别喜欢生长在酸性土壤中,但在酸性很强的土壤中,它不利于土壤中有效养分含量,特别是钙、镁和锰。白云石是一种土壤改良剂,既能缓解土壤酸性,又能提供必需的钙、镁等营养物质。研究了不同白云石用量对低洼湿润区茶园土壤主要和微量养分有效性的影响。田间试验采用随机完全区组设计,分为5个处理,分别为:不同白云石施用量(kg/ha/修剪周期);T1(对照),T2 (1000), T3 (2000), T4 (3000), T5(4000)。研究了0 ~ 15cm和15 ~ 30cm深度土壤养分含量。采用SAS统计软件包中的方差分析(ANOVA)对研究产生的数据进行分析。使用LSD比较治疗平均值的概率p< 0.05。土壤交换性Al、Ca和D.T.P.A可萃取性Mn均无影响。土壤有效铁含量随白云石含量的增加而显著下降。对照组铁的平均含量最高。在0 ~ 15cm深度施用白云石最多的地块,土壤交换态Mg的平均平均值最高,为101.33mg/kg;在2000kg/ha/修剪周期处理中,土壤交换态Mg的平均平均值最高,为130.67mg/kg。
{"title":"Nutrient Availability of Tea Growing Soil Influenced by Different Rates of Dolomite","authors":"S. Kavitha, K. Prapagar, G. Gunarathne","doi":"10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Teas ( Camellia sinensis L.) exclusively prefer to grow in acid soils but in very acidic nature it is detrimental to the available nutrient content especially Ca, Mg and Mn in soil. Dolomite is soil amendment which used to mitigate the soil acidity and also it provides some essential nutrient Ca and Mg itself. Present investigation was undertaken to identify the effect of different rate of Dolomite on major and micronutrient availability of Tea growing soils of low country wet zone. Field trial was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of five treatments in different rate of Dolomite (kg/ha/pruning cycle) namely; T1 (control), T2 (1000), T3 (2000), T4 (3000), and T5 (4000). Soil nutrient content at 0-15cm and 15-30cm of depths were studied. The data generated from the study was analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SAS statistical package. Treatment means were compared at probability p< 0.05 using LSD. Soil Exchangeable Al, Ca and D.T.P.A extractable Mn were had no effect. But soil available Fe was significantly declined according to the dolomite rate. The highest average mean value of Fe was obtained in control. Highest average means of soil Exchangeable Mg (101.33mg/kg) was observed in highest dolomite applied plots at 0-15cm depth and highest K (130.67mg/kg) was recorded in the treatment with 2000kg/ha/pruning cycle.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90829072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Tea Production in India: Challenges and Opportunities 印度茶叶生产:挑战与机遇
Pub Date : 2016-01-28 DOI: 10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0005
S. K. Shah, Vipal A. Pate
Normal 0 10 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} Tea being the most consumed of beverages next to the water on the earth. The commercial tea production was started since 1835. Tea production in India has seen a great jump of 304 percent, while the tea cultivated area increased by only 160 percent in the last five decades. The Estate owner, management, government and the laborers have equally contributed in increasing the production of Tea in India. Even though there are certain challenges for tea production in India like Low laborer productivity, High Cost of Production, Climate change, Seasonal effect, Injudicious nutrient management, Pest and disease, and consistent quality aspects of tea. Besides challenges India earned over Rs. 4000 crores foreign exchange in year 2014. Big domestic market, Scientific Soil and water management, Mechanization of plucking, Co-operative brought leaf tea factories, Reducing the cost of production by using renewable energy, Organic and Value added Tea, Tea tourism and above all the better support of the Government are some key opportunities to enhance further Indian Tea Industry.
EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE /*样式定义*/表。MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name;mso-tstyle-rowband-size: 0;mso-tstyle-colband-size: 0;mso-style-noshow:是的;mso-style-priority: 99;mso-style-parent:“”;Mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt;mso-para-margin: 0厘米;mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt;mso-pagination: widow-orphan;字体大小:10.0分;茶是地球上仅次于水的消费最多的饮料。商业茶叶生产始于1835年。在过去的50年里,印度的茶叶产量大幅增长了304%,而茶叶种植面积只增长了160%。庄园所有者、管理人员、政府和劳工都为增加印度的茶叶产量做出了同样的贡献。尽管印度的茶叶生产面临着一些挑战,比如劳动力生产率低、生产成本高、气候变化、季节影响、不明智的营养管理、病虫害和茶叶质量的一致性。除了挑战,印度在2014年赚了超过40亿卢比的外汇。巨大的国内市场、科学的水土管理、采摘机械化、合作制茶叶工厂、利用可再生能源降低生产成本、有机和增值茶叶、茶叶旅游以及最重要的是政府更好的支持是进一步提升印度茶业的一些关键机会。
{"title":"Tea Production in India: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"S. K. Shah, Vipal A. Pate","doi":"10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JTSR.2016.06.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Normal 0 10 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE \u0000/* Style Definitions */ \u0000table.MsoNormalTable \u0000{mso-style-name:普通表格; \u0000mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \u0000mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \u0000mso-style-noshow:yes; \u0000mso-style-priority:99; \u0000mso-style-parent:\"\"; \u0000mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; \u0000mso-para-margin:0cm; \u0000mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \u0000mso-pagination:widow-orphan; \u0000font-size:10.0pt; \u0000font-family:\"Times New Roman\";} \u0000 Tea being the most consumed of beverages next to the water on the earth. The commercial tea production was started since 1835. Tea production in India has seen a great jump of 304 percent, while the tea cultivated area increased by only 160 percent in the last five decades. The Estate owner, management, government and the laborers have equally contributed in increasing the production of Tea in India. Even though there are certain challenges for tea production in India like Low laborer productivity, High Cost of Production, Climate change, Seasonal effect, Injudicious nutrient management, Pest and disease, and consistent quality aspects of tea. Besides challenges India earned over Rs. 4000 crores foreign exchange in year 2014. Big domestic market, Scientific Soil and water management, Mechanization of plucking, Co-operative brought leaf tea factories, Reducing the cost of production by using renewable energy, Organic and Value added Tea, Tea tourism and above all the better support of the Government are some key opportunities to enhance further Indian Tea Industry.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91016233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Tea: Status, Global Research and Potentialities 茶的生物活性化合物和抗氧化特性:现状、全球研究和潜力
Pub Date : 2015-12-22 DOI: 10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0011
H. B. Pemba, A. Baran, R. Lepcha, D. Tamang
Tea is being consumed by humans since time immemorial and now it is cultivated, drunk all over the world and subject of latest research contributing human health. The venture of this paper is to focus on the global research efforts regarding the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of tea and derive some future research directions towards its overwhelming potentialities. With a view of the above, a comprehensive information on the chemical constituents and activities of polyphenols in tea, processing and manufacturing of tea, status and potentialities of global research on tea antioxidant and bioactive compounds alongwith their protective role has been elaborated. The discovery of novel health effects of bioactive compounds will provide the scientific basis for future efforts to use biotechnology to modify/fortify foods and food components as a means to improve public health.
自古以来,茶就被人类消费,现在它在世界各地被种植和饮用,并成为有助于人类健康的最新研究课题。本文的目的是关注全球对茶的生物活性化合物和抗氧化特性的研究,并得出其巨大潜力的一些未来研究方向。在此基础上,综述了茶叶中多酚类物质的化学成分和活性、茶叶的加工制造、全球茶叶抗氧化和生物活性物质及其保护作用的研究现状和潜力。生物活性化合物对健康的新影响的发现将为今后利用生物技术修饰/强化食品和食品成分作为改善公众健康的手段提供科学基础。
{"title":"Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Tea: Status, Global Research and Potentialities","authors":"H. B. Pemba, A. Baran, R. Lepcha, D. Tamang","doi":"10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Tea is being consumed by humans since time immemorial and now it is cultivated, drunk all over the world and subject of latest research contributing human health. The venture of this paper is to focus on the global research efforts regarding the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of tea and derive some future research directions towards its overwhelming potentialities. With a view of the above, a comprehensive information on the chemical constituents and activities of polyphenols in tea, processing and manufacturing of tea, status and potentialities of global research on tea antioxidant and bioactive compounds alongwith their protective role has been elaborated. The discovery of novel health effects of bioactive compounds will provide the scientific basis for future efforts to use biotechnology to modify/fortify foods and food components as a means to improve public health.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82670797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
THE JAPANESE TEA MARKETTHE JAPANESE TEA MARKET 日本茶叶市场日本茶叶市场
Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.20425/ijts.v2i3.4606
Nobuyasu Miura
For Japanese people tea is first and foremost green tea. Tea has a long history in Japan, having been introduced into the country more than 1000 years ago by Buddhist monks returning from China. From that time on tea drinking spread to the samurai and aristocratic classes, and at the end of the 16th century Sen-no Rikyu evolved what is known as the tea ceremony CHANOYU, which became an important part of Japan's culture. At the end of the 19th century, with the loosening up of Japan's diplomatic relations, the cultivation and production of tea as an export item earning foreign currency was promoted by the government and production became more and more widespread. Following this tea came to be consumed also by ordinary people.
对日本人来说,茶首先是绿茶。茶在日本有着悠久的历史,1000多年前由从中国归来的佛教僧侣传入日本。从那时起,饮茶传播到武士和贵族阶层,在16世纪末,senno Rikyu演变成所谓的茶道CHANOYU,成为日本文化的重要组成部分。19世纪末,随着日本对外关系的放松,茶叶的种植和生产作为出口创汇项目得到政府的推动,生产越来越普遍。之后,普通老百姓也开始喝茶了。
{"title":"THE JAPANESE TEA MARKETTHE JAPANESE TEA MARKET","authors":"Nobuyasu Miura","doi":"10.20425/ijts.v2i3.4606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20425/ijts.v2i3.4606","url":null,"abstract":"For Japanese people tea is first and foremost green tea. Tea has a long history in Japan, having been introduced into the country more than 1000 years ago by Buddhist monks returning from China. From that time on tea drinking spread to the samurai and aristocratic classes, and at the end of the 16th century Sen-no Rikyu evolved what is known as the tea ceremony CHANOYU, which became an important part of Japan's culture. At the end of the 19th century, with the loosening up of Japan's diplomatic relations, the cultivation and production of tea as an export item earning foreign currency was promoted by the government and production became more and more widespread. Following this tea came to be consumed also by ordinary people.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89831278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial: Overview for Tea & Health Special for IJTS 社论:茶与健康专为IJTS概述
Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.20425/ijts.v2i1and2.4582
J. Weisburger
At this time, the beginning of the 21st Century, tea as a beverage is favored in many countries of the World. It is said, that it is the most used drink second to water. In the writer's opinion, it is actualy better than water in many parts of the world, where clean sterile water is not available. The preparation of tea involves boiling of the water, which wil automaticaly sterilize it and therefore, makes it safe.
此时,21世纪初,茶作为一种饮料在世界许多国家受到青睐。据说,它是仅次于水的最常用的饮料。在作者看来,在世界上许多没有干净的无菌水的地方,它实际上比水更好。泡茶需要把水煮沸,这样就会自动消毒,因此就安全了。
{"title":"Editorial: Overview for Tea & Health Special for IJTS","authors":"J. Weisburger","doi":"10.20425/ijts.v2i1and2.4582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20425/ijts.v2i1and2.4582","url":null,"abstract":"At this time, the beginning of the 21st Century, tea as a beverage is favored in many countries of the World. It is said, that it is the most used drink second to water. In the writer's opinion, it is actualy better than water in many parts of the world, where clean sterile water is not available. The preparation of tea involves boiling of the water, which wil automaticaly sterilize it and therefore, makes it safe.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72772899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fate of pesticide on tea plant and the prediction of pesticide residue in fresh leaves of tea plant 农药对茶树的影响及茶树鲜叶中农药残留的预测
Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.20425/ijts.v2i4.4593
Chen Zongmao, Liu Guangming
The degradative kinetics of pesticides on tea plant surface are characterized by an initial rapid degradation which follows a first-order kinetics, then transferred to a more slower degradative rate. The degradative process mainly consists of photodegradation, evaporation, rainfall elution and growth dilution. The influencing parameters of these processes were investigated on tea plant. The predictive model of the initial concentration, photodegradation rate constant, evaporation rate constant, rainfall elution rate, growth dilution rate and the total degradative rate was discussed and verified in four locations situated in the range of 25°-30°N latitude, and acceptable results were obtained.
农药在茶树表面的降解动力学表现为先快速降解后一级降解,然后转入较慢的降解速率。降解过程主要包括光降解、蒸发、降雨洗脱和生长稀释。在茶树上研究了这些过程的影响参数。在北纬25°~ 30°范围内的4个地点对初始浓度、光降解速率常数、蒸发速率常数、降雨洗脱速率、生长稀释速率和总降解速率的预测模型进行了讨论和验证,得到了可接受的结果。
{"title":"The fate of pesticide on tea plant and the prediction of pesticide residue in fresh leaves of tea plant","authors":"Chen Zongmao, Liu Guangming","doi":"10.20425/ijts.v2i4.4593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20425/ijts.v2i4.4593","url":null,"abstract":"The degradative kinetics of pesticides on tea plant surface are characterized by an initial rapid degradation which follows a first-order kinetics, then transferred to a more slower degradative rate. The degradative process mainly consists of photodegradation, evaporation, rainfall elution and growth dilution. The influencing parameters of these processes were investigated on tea plant. The predictive model of the initial concentration, photodegradation rate constant, evaporation rate constant, rainfall elution rate, growth dilution rate and the total degradative rate was discussed and verified in four locations situated in the range of 25°-30°N latitude, and acceptable results were obtained.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84685816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MARKETING TEA IN THE MIDDLE EAST 在中东推销茶叶
Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.20425/IJTS.V2I3.4607
M. Gerami
Tea, as a beverage, is drunk by more than half of the world’s population. In some countries, tea, if not the most favorite drink, is the second most favorite drink after water. Consumers of tea have their own preferences as to the quality of the tea they drink. In certain tea consuming nations, regardless of price consumers buy the tea that they prefer. In Iran consumers pay twice or thrice as much to buy the tea they prefer. Hence, it is important to provide the quality of tea that each segment of the market requires rather than the tea that is produced locally or the tea that is priced lower than others.
茶作为一种饮料,被世界上一半以上的人口饮用。在一些国家,茶即使不是最受欢迎的饮料,也是仅次于水的第二受欢迎的饮料。茶的消费者对他们喝的茶的质量有自己的偏好。在某些茶叶消费国,无论价格如何,消费者都会购买他们喜欢的茶。在伊朗,消费者花两到三倍的钱买他们喜欢的茶。因此,重要的是提供每个细分市场所需的茶叶质量,而不是当地生产的茶叶或价格低于其他地方的茶叶。
{"title":"MARKETING TEA IN THE MIDDLE EAST","authors":"M. Gerami","doi":"10.20425/IJTS.V2I3.4607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20425/IJTS.V2I3.4607","url":null,"abstract":"Tea, as a beverage, is drunk by more than half of the world’s population. In some countries, tea, if not the most favorite drink, is the second most favorite drink after water. Consumers of tea have their own preferences as to the quality of the tea they drink. In certain tea consuming nations, regardless of price consumers buy the tea that they prefer. In Iran consumers pay twice or thrice as much to buy the tea they prefer. Hence, it is important to provide the quality of tea that each segment of the market requires rather than the tea that is produced locally or the tea that is priced lower than others.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"391 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80753162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cumulative effect of foliar application of copper oxychloride on Pb content in black tea 叶面施用氯化氧化铜对红茶Pb含量的累积效应
Pub Date : 2015-12-09 DOI: 10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0010
S. Seenivasan, N. Muraleedharan
Copper oxychloride was found as one of the sources of lead contamination in tea as this fungicide is being widely used in tea fields to control the blister blight disease. In India, there is no specification for this heavy metal in copper oxychloride formulations. Commercial brands of copper oxychloride were collected from market and analyzed for lead (Pb) an element of environmental concern. Results were compared with limits prescribed by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of United Nations with a view that these results could be used for fixing limits of heavy metal impurities in national level for the copper oxychloride formulations. Field trials were initiated using the lead contaminated copper oxychloride and in combination with hexaconazole. The study indicates lead contaminated copper oxychloride is one of the sources for lead contamination in black tea. The accumulation of lead content in tea was positively correlated with the application of contaminated copper oxychloride formulations.
氯化氧铜是茶叶中铅污染的主要来源之一,该杀菌剂被广泛应用于茶田防治水疱疫病。在印度,氯氧化铜配方中没有这种重金属的规格。从市场上收集了商业品牌的氯化氧铜,并对铅(Pb)进行了环境关注元素分析。并与联合国粮农组织(FAO)规定的重金属杂质限量进行了比较,认为可作为确定氯化氧铜配方重金属杂质国家限量的依据。使用铅污染的氯化氧铜和与六硝唑联合进行了实地试验。研究表明,铅污染的氯化氧铜是红茶中铅污染的来源之一。茶叶中铅含量的积累与污染的氯化氧化铜配方的应用呈正相关。
{"title":"Cumulative effect of foliar application of copper oxychloride on Pb content in black tea","authors":"S. Seenivasan, N. Muraleedharan","doi":"10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Copper oxychloride was found as one of the sources of lead contamination in tea as this fungicide is being widely used in tea fields to control the blister blight disease. In India, there is no specification for this heavy metal in copper oxychloride formulations. Commercial brands of copper oxychloride were collected from market and analyzed for lead (Pb) an element of environmental concern. Results were compared with limits prescribed by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of United Nations with a view that these results could be used for fixing limits of heavy metal impurities in national level for the copper oxychloride formulations. Field trials were initiated using the lead contaminated copper oxychloride and in combination with hexaconazole. The study indicates lead contaminated copper oxychloride is one of the sources for lead contamination in black tea. The accumulation of lead content in tea was positively correlated with the application of contaminated copper oxychloride formulations.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86768440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Persistence of bifenthrin in tea and its transfer from black tea to tea brew 联苯菊酯在茶叶中的残留及其从红茶到泡茶的转移
Pub Date : 2015-12-08 DOI: 10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0009
S. Seenivasan, N. Muraleedharan
Field experiments were conducted at two places in Tamil Nadu (India) to determine the residues of bifenthrin in black tea. Residues were quantified at different harvest intervals of ‘0’ (3 hr), 1 st , 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th and 14 th day after acaricide application. Persistence, dissipation pattern, half-life value and safe harvest interval of the acaricide in tea were calculated. Residues of bifenthrin dissipated exponentially after application at both the locations and reached below the European Union maximum residue limit (MRL) of 5 mg kg-1 on the 10th day. Bifenthrin showed that like other acaricides it followed the first order dissipation kinetics. Half-life values varied from 2.4 to 3.2 days for bifenthrin and a safe harvest interval of 10 days is suggested for tea at the recommended dosage.
在印度泰米尔纳德邦的两个地方进行了实地试验,测定了联苯菊酯在红茶中的残留量。在施用杀螨剂后第0(3小时)、第1、第3、第5、第7、第10和第14天的不同收获间隔进行残留定量。计算了杀螨剂在茶叶中的持久性、耗散规律、半衰期值和安全采收期。施用后,两个地点的联苯菊酯残留量呈指数消散,在第10天达到欧盟最大残留限量(MRL) 5 mg kg-1以下。联苯菊酯与其他杀螨剂一样,具有一级耗散动力学。联苯菊酯的半衰期从2.4天到3.2天不等,建议在推荐剂量下茶叶的安全采收间隔为10天。
{"title":"Persistence of bifenthrin in tea and its transfer from black tea to tea brew","authors":"S. Seenivasan, N. Muraleedharan","doi":"10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5376/JTSR.2015.05.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted at two places in Tamil Nadu (India) to determine the residues of bifenthrin in black tea. Residues were quantified at different harvest intervals of ‘0’ (3 hr), 1 st , 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th and 14 th day after acaricide application. Persistence, dissipation pattern, half-life value and safe harvest interval of the acaricide in tea were calculated. Residues of bifenthrin dissipated exponentially after application at both the locations and reached below the European Union maximum residue limit (MRL) of 5 mg kg-1 on the 10th day. Bifenthrin showed that like other acaricides it followed the first order dissipation kinetics. Half-life values varied from 2.4 to 3.2 days for bifenthrin and a safe harvest interval of 10 days is suggested for tea at the recommended dosage.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75030030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship of Wind Speed and Canopy Leaf Temperature Rise for Air Stirring Frost Protection in Tea Field 茶田空气搅拌防冻风速与冠层叶温升的关系
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.5979/CHA.2014.118_19
T. Nakano
Wind speed and leaf temperature under wind machine running were measured in frost nights. Hot-wire anemometers and thermometers were placed side by side on bush canopies in terms of distance 5.4 m, 10.8m, 16.2 m, 21.6 m, 27.0 m points ahead of the wind machine. Wind speed showed a maximum at 10.8 m point closest to the wind machine, but changed smaller as distance. Leaf temperature rise showed a maximum at 5.4 m -10.8 m points, but changed smaller as distance. Between 10.8 - 27.0 m points, leaf temperature rise seemed to increase as wind speed was large. Leaf temperature rise was greater amount despite wind speed is small at 5.4 m point. From these results, frost-protective effect of the air stirring method is dependent on the leaf temperature rise caused by the wind hits the tea bush canopy, but on another factor in the range close to the wind machine.
测定了霜冻夜风机运行时的风速和叶片温度。在风力机前方5.4 m、10.8m、16.2 m、21.6 m、27.0 m处,将热线风速计和温度计并排放置在灌木树冠上。风速在离风机最近的10.8 m处最大,随着距离的增加变化较小。叶温升在5.4 m ~ 10.8 m处最大,但随距离变化较小。在10.8 ~ 27.0 m区间,叶片温升随风速增大而增大。在5.4 m处风速较小,但叶温升高幅度较大。从这些结果来看,空气搅拌法的防霜效果取决于风击中茶树树冠引起的叶温升高,而取决于另一个因素在接近风力机的范围内。
{"title":"Relationship of Wind Speed and Canopy Leaf Temperature Rise for Air Stirring Frost Protection in Tea Field","authors":"T. Nakano","doi":"10.5979/CHA.2014.118_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5979/CHA.2014.118_19","url":null,"abstract":"Wind speed and leaf temperature under wind machine running were measured in frost nights. Hot-wire anemometers and thermometers were placed side by side on bush canopies in terms of distance 5.4 m, 10.8m, 16.2 m, 21.6 m, 27.0 m points ahead of the wind machine. Wind speed showed a maximum at 10.8 m point closest to the wind machine, but changed smaller as distance. Leaf temperature rise showed a maximum at 5.4 m -10.8 m points, but changed smaller as distance. Between 10.8 - 27.0 m points, leaf temperature rise seemed to increase as wind speed was large. Leaf temperature rise was greater amount despite wind speed is small at 5.4 m point. From these results, frost-protective effect of the air stirring method is dependent on the leaf temperature rise caused by the wind hits the tea bush canopy, but on another factor in the range close to the wind machine.","PeriodicalId":17156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tea Science","volume":"322 1","pages":"84-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82915830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
茶叶科学
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1