Pencegahan diabetes mellitus (DM) dengan mengontrol kadar gula dan lipid adalah terapi utama. Ramuantradisional dari Kaliputih Batur, Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah terdiri dari 11 macam tanaman obat terbukti secara empiris berkhasiat untuk penyakit diabetes melitus. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan efek ramuan tradisional Kaliputih pada kadar gula darah, SOD, HbA1c, dan gambaran histopatologi pankreas pada tikus. Ramuan disiapkan dengan metode infundasi. Tikus jantan albino Sprague Dawley (SD) dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok kontrol (normal, positif dan negatif) dan 3 kelompok uji dengan 3 dosis berbeda (18, 36, dan 54 mL/kg BB) yang sebelumnya diinduksi streptozotocin. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP), superoksida dismutase (SOD), HbA1c, dan organ pankreas secara histopatologi dengan pewarnaan HE. Hasil pemeriksaan parameter biokimia kadar GDP menunjukkan adanya penurunan yang bermakna (P<0,05) pada dosis 36 dan 54 mL/kg BB. Aktivitas SOD terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (P<0,05) pada semua dosis ramuan, dan kadar HbA1c menunjukan perbedaan bermakna (P<0,05) pada dosis 18 mL/kg BB dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Hasil pewarnaan HE menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan patologi yang spesifik pada organ pankreas dosis uji dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif yang mengalami nekrosis di insula Langerhans. Ramuan tradisional untuk diabetes dari Kaliputih Batur, Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah tikus diabetes.
{"title":"Efek Ramuan Tradisional Kaliputih terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa, SOD, HbA1c, dan Histopatologi Pankreas pada Tikus Diabetes yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin","authors":"Djati Wulan Kusumo, Yulius Efendi, Kintoko Kintoko, Triya Yuliana, Urmatul Waznah, Tya Muldiyana, Hasni Pulhehe","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1229","url":null,"abstract":"Pencegahan diabetes mellitus (DM) dengan mengontrol kadar gula dan lipid adalah terapi utama. Ramuantradisional dari Kaliputih Batur, Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah terdiri dari 11 macam tanaman obat terbukti secara empiris berkhasiat untuk penyakit diabetes melitus. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan efek ramuan tradisional Kaliputih pada kadar gula darah, SOD, HbA1c, dan gambaran histopatologi pankreas pada tikus. Ramuan disiapkan dengan metode infundasi. Tikus jantan albino Sprague Dawley (SD) dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok kontrol (normal, positif dan negatif) dan 3 kelompok uji dengan 3 dosis berbeda (18, 36, dan 54 mL/kg BB) yang sebelumnya diinduksi streptozotocin. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP), superoksida dismutase (SOD), HbA1c, dan organ pankreas secara histopatologi dengan pewarnaan HE. Hasil pemeriksaan parameter biokimia kadar GDP menunjukkan adanya penurunan yang bermakna (P<0,05) pada dosis 36 dan 54 mL/kg BB. Aktivitas SOD terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (P<0,05) pada semua dosis ramuan, dan kadar HbA1c menunjukan perbedaan bermakna (P<0,05) pada dosis 18 mL/kg BB dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Hasil pewarnaan HE menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan patologi yang spesifik pada organ pankreas dosis uji dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif yang mengalami nekrosis di insula Langerhans. Ramuan tradisional untuk diabetes dari Kaliputih Batur, Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah tikus diabetes.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89344717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.290-297
Sulistyianingsih, A. Poernomo, R. Primaharinastiti
Background: In addition to minerals, honey contains carbohydrates (glucose and fructose), protein, amino acids, water, enzymes, ash, vitamins, and other substances. Compounds of honey can affect the chemical properties of honey. Knowing the physicochemical properties of honey is very important because physicochemical properties affect the quality of honey. One of the biological activities of honey is an antioxidant. Antioxidants can interfere with oxidative processes, prevent disease, and play an important role in the body's defence system. Objective: to determine and compare physicochemical properties (color, viscosity, ash content, water content, reducing sugar (glucose), total phenolic compound, HMF) and antioxidant activities of monofloral honey samples from Indonesia. Methods: The color of honey are categorized using the Pfund scale. Viscosity measurement is carried out using a Brookfield viscometer. The water content is carried out using a refractometer. Phenolic content and antioxidant activities analysis were carried out by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Results: The results show that rambutan honey from Malang has the highest physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity, which had an amber color, water content of 21.7% b/b, acidity 20.7 mL NaOH/Kg, viscosity of 33.08 poise, ash content of 0.17% b/b, reducing sugar 69.38%b/b, total phenolics content 533.7 mg GAE/Kg sample and IC50 0.111 µg/mL. Conclusion: The quality of honey varies from region to region. The best honey (according to SNI) is rambutan honey from Malang.
背景：蜂蜜除含有矿物质外，还含有碳水化合物（葡萄糖和果糖）、蛋白质、氨基酸、水、酶、灰分、维生素和其他物质。蜂蜜的化合物会影响蜂蜜的化学性质。了解蜂蜜的理化性质非常重要，因为理化性质影响蜂蜜的质量。蜂蜜的生物活性之一是抗氧化剂。抗氧化剂可以干扰氧化过程，预防疾病，并在人体防御系统中发挥重要作用。目的：测定和比较印度尼西亚单花蜂蜜样品的理化性质（颜色、粘度、灰分、水分、还原糖（葡萄糖）、总酚类化合物、HMF）和抗氧化活性。方法：采用普芬德量表对蜂蜜的颜色进行分类。使用Brookfield粘度计进行粘度测量。含水量是用折射计测定的。用紫外-可见分光光度计对苯酚含量和抗氧化活性进行了分析。结果：马郎红毛丹蜂蜜具有最高的理化性质和抗氧化活性，呈琥珀色，含水量为21.7%b/b，酸度为20.7 mL NaOH/Kg，粘度为33.08泊，灰分为0.17%b/b，还原糖为69.38%b/b，总酚含量为533.7 mg GAE/Kg，IC50为0.111µg/mL。结论：蜂蜜的质量因地区而异。最好的蜂蜜（根据SNI）是来自马朗的红毛丹蜂蜜。
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Three Types of Monofloral Honey from Indonesia","authors":"Sulistyianingsih, A. Poernomo, R. Primaharinastiti","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.290-297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.290-297","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In addition to minerals, honey contains carbohydrates (glucose and fructose), protein, amino acids, water, enzymes, ash, vitamins, and other substances. Compounds of honey can affect the chemical properties of honey. Knowing the physicochemical properties of honey is very important because physicochemical properties affect the quality of honey. One of the biological activities of honey is an antioxidant. Antioxidants can interfere with oxidative processes, prevent disease, and play an important role in the body's defence system. Objective: to determine and compare physicochemical properties (color, viscosity, ash content, water content, reducing sugar (glucose), total phenolic compound, HMF) and antioxidant activities of monofloral honey samples from Indonesia. Methods: The color of honey are categorized using the Pfund scale. Viscosity measurement is carried out using a Brookfield viscometer. The water content is carried out using a refractometer. Phenolic content and antioxidant activities analysis were carried out by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Results: The results show that rambutan honey from Malang has the highest physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity, which had an amber color, water content of 21.7% b/b, acidity 20.7 mL NaOH/Kg, viscosity of 33.08 poise, ash content of 0.17% b/b, reducing sugar 69.38%b/b, total phenolics content 533.7 mg GAE/Kg sample and IC50 0.111 µg/mL. Conclusion: The quality of honey varies from region to region. The best honey (according to SNI) is rambutan honey from Malang.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45828054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.314-322
Elsa Christina, D. Setiawan, Dina Ratna Juwita, Lianawati
Background: COVID-19 occurs in various countries and has been declared a pandemic by WHO. Multiple efforts have been made to reduce the number of cases of COVID-19. However, the incidence of COVID–19 continues to increase, along with control efforts carried out by various parties, causing overclaims for the prevention or treatment of COVID–19. Objective This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and public perception of the behavior of implementing the COVID-19 prevention protocol in Central Java Province. Methods: This cross-sectional study used primary data collected online via WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, and Facebook in December 2020. A total of 1,098 of 1,115 respondents passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Backward Elimination is used to determine factors related to behavior in the multivariable model stage using multiple logistic regression. Results: The knowledge, perception, and behaviors prevalence of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols were good & enough 79.1% (95% CI 76.63 – 81.45), 96.6% (95% CI 95.38 – 97.55), and 92.3% (95% CI 90.62 – 93.78) respectively. The result revealed that Knowledge (adjOR = 2.034, 95% CI 1.253 - 3.302, P = 0.004) and Perception (adjOR = 4.064, 95% CI 1.859 - 8.882, P = < 0.001) were possibly associated with behaviors of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols among communities in Central Java Province. Conclusion This study found a slight prevalence of good & enough knowledge, perception, and behaviors of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols in a representative sample among Communities in Central Java Province. Knowledge and perceptions were statistically significant with behaviors.
{"title":"Knowledge and Perception on Overclaim against the Behaviors of Implementing the COVID-19 Prevention Protocol Communities in Indonesia","authors":"Elsa Christina, D. Setiawan, Dina Ratna Juwita, Lianawati","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.314-322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.314-322","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 occurs in various countries and has been declared a pandemic by WHO. Multiple efforts have been made to reduce the number of cases of COVID-19. However, the incidence of COVID–19 continues to increase, along with control efforts carried out by various parties, causing overclaims for the prevention or treatment of COVID–19. Objective This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and public perception of the behavior of implementing the COVID-19 prevention protocol in Central Java Province. Methods: This cross-sectional study used primary data collected online via WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, and Facebook in December 2020. A total of 1,098 of 1,115 respondents passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Backward Elimination is used to determine factors related to behavior in the multivariable model stage using multiple logistic regression. Results: The knowledge, perception, and behaviors prevalence of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols were good & enough 79.1% (95% CI 76.63 – 81.45), 96.6% (95% CI 95.38 – 97.55), and 92.3% (95% CI 90.62 – 93.78) respectively. The result revealed that Knowledge (adjOR = 2.034, 95% CI 1.253 - 3.302, P = 0.004) and Perception (adjOR = 4.064, 95% CI 1.859 - 8.882, P = < 0.001) were possibly associated with behaviors of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols among communities in Central Java Province. Conclusion This study found a slight prevalence of good & enough knowledge, perception, and behaviors of implementing COVID-19 prevention protocols in a representative sample among Communities in Central Java Province. Knowledge and perceptions were statistically significant with behaviors.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49052463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.242-251
July, R. Sauriasari, N. F. Syafhan, Hadijah Tahir
Background: Medication adherence is essential to achieving controlled blood sugar in diabetic patients. Insulin generally provides better glycemic control but is considered painful and requires special techniques. Insulin administration in patients with neurological complications requires particular consideration because these complications can cause physical and cognitive barriers. Objective: This study analyses the effect of insulin administration on medication adherence in diabetic patients with neurological complications and the influence of various confounding variables (baseline characteristics, medical and medication history). Methods: This observational study was conducted with a cross-sectional design at a government hospital in East Jakarta from September 2021 to January 2022. The sample was type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with neurological complications who received antidiabetics for at least six months. The neurological complications include central nervous disorders (such as stroke) and peripheral nervous disorders (such as neuropathy). The independent variable was insulin administration, while the dependent variable was adherence, measured using subjective methods [Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS)] and objective methods (Medication Refill Adherence (MRA) and HbA1c]. Results: Of 175 respondents, based on the three methods (MRA, ARMS, HbA1c), 13 respondents (7.4%) were adherent, namely one respondent (1.8%) in the insulin group and 12 respondents (10.1%) in the non-insulin group. Insulin administration affects adherence to antidiabetics by 0.123 times (95% CI: 0.015 - 1.024), or patients who use insulin have 87.7% lower adherence controlled by antidiabetic changes and the total number of medicines used. Conclusion: Insulin administration significantly affects medication adherence in diabetes mellitus patients with neurological complications.
{"title":"The Effect of Insulin Administration on Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Neurological Complications","authors":"July, R. Sauriasari, N. F. Syafhan, Hadijah Tahir","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.242-251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.242-251","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medication adherence is essential to achieving controlled blood sugar in diabetic patients. Insulin generally provides better glycemic control but is considered painful and requires special techniques. Insulin administration in patients with neurological complications requires particular consideration because these complications can cause physical and cognitive barriers. Objective: This study analyses the effect of insulin administration on medication adherence in diabetic patients with neurological complications and the influence of various confounding variables (baseline characteristics, medical and medication history). Methods: This observational study was conducted with a cross-sectional design at a government hospital in East Jakarta from September 2021 to January 2022. The sample was type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with neurological complications who received antidiabetics for at least six months. The neurological complications include central nervous disorders (such as stroke) and peripheral nervous disorders (such as neuropathy). The independent variable was insulin administration, while the dependent variable was adherence, measured using subjective methods [Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS)] and objective methods (Medication Refill Adherence (MRA) and HbA1c]. Results: Of 175 respondents, based on the three methods (MRA, ARMS, HbA1c), 13 respondents (7.4%) were adherent, namely one respondent (1.8%) in the insulin group and 12 respondents (10.1%) in the non-insulin group. Insulin administration affects adherence to antidiabetics by 0.123 times (95% CI: 0.015 - 1.024), or patients who use insulin have 87.7% lower adherence controlled by antidiabetic changes and the total number of medicines used. Conclusion: Insulin administration significantly affects medication adherence in diabetes mellitus patients with neurological complications.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47276451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.262-271
Bianca Levie Tania, Rini Dwiastuti, A. B. S. Lestari, Dewi Setyaningsih
Background: Noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract is a natural product that can be used as a sunscreen. The extract contains flavonoids which function act as an antioxidant. In this work, sunscreen cream formulated with noni leaf extract was prepared using a combination of tween 80 and lecithin. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the combination of tween 80 and lecithin affects the physical qualities of the cream, such as organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and stability over 28 days of storage at room temperature, and to find the best formula. Methods: This study used 10% of noni leaf extract in the cream formulation. The Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method was used to determine the effect of different concentrations of the two emulsifiers on the cream's spreadability, adhesion, and pH. Furthermore, the SLD was used to find the best formula. Results: The results showed that different concentrations of the emulsifier, which are the tween 80 and lecithin combination, affected the physical properties and storage stability of cream preparations. The interaction of tween 80 and lecithin is having a significant impact on the cream's adhesion and spreadability; however, the effect of the interaction on the pH value was not significant. Conclusion: The formula containing 2.5 % tween 80 and 2.5 percent lecithin was found to be the most effective in fulfilling the cream physical properties while remaining stable during storage.
{"title":"Sunscreen Cream Formulation of Noni Leaf Extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) with Emulsifier Combination of Tween 80 and Lecithin","authors":"Bianca Levie Tania, Rini Dwiastuti, A. B. S. Lestari, Dewi Setyaningsih","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.262-271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.262-271","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract is a natural product that can be used as a sunscreen. The extract contains flavonoids which function act as an antioxidant. In this work, sunscreen cream formulated with noni leaf extract was prepared using a combination of tween 80 and lecithin. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the combination of tween 80 and lecithin affects the physical qualities of the cream, such as organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and stability over 28 days of storage at room temperature, and to find the best formula. Methods: This study used 10% of noni leaf extract in the cream formulation. The Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method was used to determine the effect of different concentrations of the two emulsifiers on the cream's spreadability, adhesion, and pH. Furthermore, the SLD was used to find the best formula. Results: The results showed that different concentrations of the emulsifier, which are the tween 80 and lecithin combination, affected the physical properties and storage stability of cream preparations. The interaction of tween 80 and lecithin is having a significant impact on the cream's adhesion and spreadability; however, the effect of the interaction on the pH value was not significant. Conclusion: The formula containing 2.5 % tween 80 and 2.5 percent lecithin was found to be the most effective in fulfilling the cream physical properties while remaining stable during storage.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43849899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.209-219
Chrysnanda Maryska, D. Hasmono, Sofiati Diah Baisuni, A. Hidayatiningsih, A. D. Puspitasari, Retna Dwi Puspitarini, Budi Suprapti
Background: Isoprinosine is an immunomodulator that is now being used to treat Covid-19 patients. Objectives: To evaluate Isoprinosine with Favipiravir or Oseltamivir in moderate Covid-19. Methods: In a retrospective observational analysis, in-hospital moderate Covid-19 patients treated between June 2020 and June 2021 were included. Results: Inclusion criteria for 364 patients were met, with 135 receiving Favipiravir-Isoprinosine (Group 1) and 229 receiving Oseltamivir-Isoprinosine (Group 2). In group 1, the majority of patients (58.50%) were female (35.60%), had no comorbidities (71.60%), were discharged with a positive PCR (74.80%), did not require a breathing apparatus (99.26%), had leukocyte levels between 4,5-11,0 (82.22%), lymphocyte levels between 25-33 (34.07%), and were discharged with no ground-glass opacity (34.07%) (54.10%), LOS was 9-13 days (50.37%), while the mortality rate was 0.70%. In group 2, the majority of patients were male (54.10%), with the highest age range being 42-56 years (35.80%), without comorbidities (69.0%), discharged with a positive PCR (72.50 %), and without the need for a breathing apparatus (99.13%), with leukocyte levels ranging from 4.5 – 11.0 (81.22 %), with lymphocyte levels ranging from 25.0 – 33.0 (26.20 %), and were discharged with no ground-glass opacity (49.34 %), LOS was 9 - 13 days (34.06 %), and the mortality rate was 0.87%.Conclusion: In this trial, it was determined that combining isoprinosine with antivirals favipiravir or Oseltamivir could produce significant clinical improvement.
{"title":"Isoprinosine along with Favipiravir or Oseltamivir in Patients with Moderate Covid-19 at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember","authors":"Chrysnanda Maryska, D. Hasmono, Sofiati Diah Baisuni, A. Hidayatiningsih, A. D. Puspitasari, Retna Dwi Puspitarini, Budi Suprapti","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.209-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.209-219","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Isoprinosine is an immunomodulator that is now being used to treat Covid-19 patients. Objectives: To evaluate Isoprinosine with Favipiravir or Oseltamivir in moderate Covid-19. Methods: In a retrospective observational analysis, in-hospital moderate Covid-19 patients treated between June 2020 and June 2021 were included. Results: Inclusion criteria for 364 patients were met, with 135 receiving Favipiravir-Isoprinosine (Group 1) and 229 receiving Oseltamivir-Isoprinosine (Group 2). In group 1, the majority of patients (58.50%) were female (35.60%), had no comorbidities (71.60%), were discharged with a positive PCR (74.80%), did not require a breathing apparatus (99.26%), had leukocyte levels between 4,5-11,0 (82.22%), lymphocyte levels between 25-33 (34.07%), and were discharged with no ground-glass opacity (34.07%) (54.10%), LOS was 9-13 days (50.37%), while the mortality rate was 0.70%. In group 2, the majority of patients were male (54.10%), with the highest age range being 42-56 years (35.80%), without comorbidities (69.0%), discharged with a positive PCR (72.50 %), and without the need for a breathing apparatus (99.13%), with leukocyte levels ranging from 4.5 – 11.0 (81.22 %), with lymphocyte levels ranging from 25.0 – 33.0 (26.20 %), and were discharged with no ground-glass opacity (49.34 %), LOS was 9 - 13 days (34.06 %), and the mortality rate was 0.87%.Conclusion: In this trial, it was determined that combining isoprinosine with antivirals favipiravir or Oseltamivir could produce significant clinical improvement.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46431448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.279-289
Lia Anggresani, Santi Perawati, Ryan Afandi, Rahmadevi
Background: Calcium is a mineral that is needed by bones and teeth. Calcium needs have not been achieved evenly among children, about 1000mg/day. Hydroxyapatite contains Ca and apatite which is good for the maintenance of bones and teeth. Hydroxyapatite is made from the bones of mackerel, where the bones of mackerel have a high source of calcium. For easy being consumed for children, the hydroxyapatite made in the form of jelly candy. Objective: The aim of this research was Hydroxyapatite Mackerel Fish Bone can be made as Jelly Candy. Methods: Hydroxyapatite from mackerel bones is made by the precipitation method. Then, hydroxyapatite was formulated into jelly candy with concentrations of hydroxyapatite was 18%, 19% and 20% respectively for Formula I, II and III. Jelly candy evaluation includes organoleptic test, gel strength, khamir and ALT ochre, weight uniformity, pH, hedonics, homogeneity and storage. Results: The evaluation showed that all jelly candy formulas are safe for consumption according to SNI 3547.2-2008. Conclusion: In conclusion, hydroxyapatite mackerel fish bone can be made as Jelly Candy with the best concentration in Formula 1.
{"title":"Jelly Candy Hydroxyapatite from Mackerel Fish Bone","authors":"Lia Anggresani, Santi Perawati, Ryan Afandi, Rahmadevi","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.279-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.279-289","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Calcium is a mineral that is needed by bones and teeth. Calcium needs have not been achieved evenly among children, about 1000mg/day. Hydroxyapatite contains Ca and apatite which is good for the maintenance of bones and teeth. Hydroxyapatite is made from the bones of mackerel, where the bones of mackerel have a high source of calcium. For easy being consumed for children, the hydroxyapatite made in the form of jelly candy. Objective: The aim of this research was Hydroxyapatite Mackerel Fish Bone can be made as Jelly Candy. Methods: Hydroxyapatite from mackerel bones is made by the precipitation method. Then, hydroxyapatite was formulated into jelly candy with concentrations of hydroxyapatite was 18%, 19% and 20% respectively for Formula I, II and III. Jelly candy evaluation includes organoleptic test, gel strength, khamir and ALT ochre, weight uniformity, pH, hedonics, homogeneity and storage. Results: The evaluation showed that all jelly candy formulas are safe for consumption according to SNI 3547.2-2008. Conclusion: In conclusion, hydroxyapatite mackerel fish bone can be made as Jelly Candy with the best concentration in Formula 1.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41362725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.220-228
Rufaidah Azzahrah, N. Rosita, D. Purwanto, Widji Soeratri
Background: Green Tea Extract (GTE) is a natural antioxidant compound that can protect the skin from photocarcinogenesis (DNA damage due to ultraviolet exposure). GTE has low stability, which needs a delivery system such as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) with decyl glucoside (DG) as a natural surfactant that at the right concentration can produce a significantly small particle size which can improve the stability of the NLC. Objective: To determine the effect of DG usage on the characteristics, physical stability, and irritability of NLC-GTE preparation. Methods: NLC-GTE preparation used the High Shear Homogenization (HSH) method with three formulas, which contained DG 2%, 2.5%, and 3% consecutively. Afterwards, the characteristic and physical stability tests were conducted using the thermal cycling method for three cycles with two different temperatures (48 hours/cycle, 2 - 8°C and 40°C). The irritability test used Hen's Egg Test on the Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) method. Results: Characteristic test of organoleptic showed that all formulas were white, odorless, and had a semi-solid consistency. However, the pH, particle size, and polydispersity index values from all formulas were within the normal range of values. The physical stability test result showed that 3% DG was the most stable formula. This formula was within the non-irritating range of values in HET-CAM. Conclusion: NLC-GTE with an increased concentration of DG as a surfactant can improve the characteristics and physical stability of the preparation. F3 (3% DG) is the best formula compared to other formulas and indicates non-irritating in the HET-CAM test.
{"title":"The Effect of Decyl Glucoside on Stability and Irritability of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers-Green Tea Extract as Topical Preparations","authors":"Rufaidah Azzahrah, N. Rosita, D. Purwanto, Widji Soeratri","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.220-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.220-228","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Green Tea Extract (GTE) is a natural antioxidant compound that can protect the skin from photocarcinogenesis (DNA damage due to ultraviolet exposure). GTE has low stability, which needs a delivery system such as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) with decyl glucoside (DG) as a natural surfactant that at the right concentration can produce a significantly small particle size which can improve the stability of the NLC. Objective: To determine the effect of DG usage on the characteristics, physical stability, and irritability of NLC-GTE preparation. Methods: NLC-GTE preparation used the High Shear Homogenization (HSH) method with three formulas, which contained DG 2%, 2.5%, and 3% consecutively. Afterwards, the characteristic and physical stability tests were conducted using the thermal cycling method for three cycles with two different temperatures (48 hours/cycle, 2 - 8°C and 40°C). The irritability test used Hen's Egg Test on the Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) method. Results: Characteristic test of organoleptic showed that all formulas were white, odorless, and had a semi-solid consistency. However, the pH, particle size, and polydispersity index values from all formulas were within the normal range of values. The physical stability test result showed that 3% DG was the most stable formula. This formula was within the non-irritating range of values in HET-CAM. Conclusion: NLC-GTE with an increased concentration of DG as a surfactant can improve the characteristics and physical stability of the preparation. F3 (3% DG) is the best formula compared to other formulas and indicates non-irritating in the HET-CAM test.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46564332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.272-278
Nisa Yulianti Suprahman, Khairul Basyar, H. Suryadi
Background: Mannitol is a polyol sugar widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries which can be produced by bioconversion. Using of resting cells and methanol as a carbon source are strategies to increase the efficiency of mannitol production by increasing NAD(P)H needed in the reduction process. Objectives: This research aimed to optimize bioconversion condition by using resting cells of methylotrophic yeasts with methanol and fructose as carbon source and substrate, respectively. Methods: Several isolates were used including Candida sp, Debaryomyces nepalensis and Debaryomyces hansenii and three species suspected to be yeast isolated from a local paddy field. The methylotrophic characteristic of the yeasts was screened by turbidometry. The optimization of fermentation condition was conducted by varying cultivation time (24-96 hours), resting cell concentration (30-140 mg/mL), fructose concentration (7.5-15%), ammonium sulphate concentration (0.25-0.75%) and aeration condition (50-80%). Quantitative analysis of the mannitol was conducted by HPLC with NH2 column and Refractive Index Detector. Results: D. hansenii showed the highest yield value in mannitol production (23.17%), followed by D. nepalensis, Isolate A and Candida sp. (6.52%, 6.50% and 4.38%, respectively). Variation of bioconversion condition using D. hansenii showed that the highest resting cell concentration (140 mg/mL) incubated for 72 hours, moderate fructose concentration (10%), the highest ammonium sulphate concentration (0.75%) and moderate aeration condition (70%) would result in the highest yield value of mannitol (60%). Conclusion: This finding showed the potency of D. hansenii in mannitol production and gave preliminary information of its optimum fermentation condition.
{"title":"Mannitol Production from Fructose by Using Resting Cells of Methylotrophic Yeasts","authors":"Nisa Yulianti Suprahman, Khairul Basyar, H. Suryadi","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.272-278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.272-278","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mannitol is a polyol sugar widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries which can be produced by bioconversion. Using of resting cells and methanol as a carbon source are strategies to increase the efficiency of mannitol production by increasing NAD(P)H needed in the reduction process. Objectives: This research aimed to optimize bioconversion condition by using resting cells of methylotrophic yeasts with methanol and fructose as carbon source and substrate, respectively. Methods: Several isolates were used including Candida sp, Debaryomyces nepalensis and Debaryomyces hansenii and three species suspected to be yeast isolated from a local paddy field. The methylotrophic characteristic of the yeasts was screened by turbidometry. The optimization of fermentation condition was conducted by varying cultivation time (24-96 hours), resting cell concentration (30-140 mg/mL), fructose concentration (7.5-15%), ammonium sulphate concentration (0.25-0.75%) and aeration condition (50-80%). Quantitative analysis of the mannitol was conducted by HPLC with NH2 column and Refractive Index Detector. Results: D. hansenii showed the highest yield value in mannitol production (23.17%), followed by D. nepalensis, Isolate A and Candida sp. (6.52%, 6.50% and 4.38%, respectively). Variation of bioconversion condition using D. hansenii showed that the highest resting cell concentration (140 mg/mL) incubated for 72 hours, moderate fructose concentration (10%), the highest ammonium sulphate concentration (0.75%) and moderate aeration condition (70%) would result in the highest yield value of mannitol (60%). Conclusion: This finding showed the potency of D. hansenii in mannitol production and gave preliminary information of its optimum fermentation condition.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43737895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.305-313
Miksusanti, E. F. Apriani, Dimas Nur Hidayat
Background: Diarrhea can be treated with probiotic bacteria such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, which decreases the intestinal environment's pH to become acidic so that pathogenic bacteria cannot thrive. Objective: To make fermented coffee that can increase the number of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and has antidiarrheal activity against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli. Methods: Robusta coffee (20.25% and 19.75%) was fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and then the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum was added. Unfermented coffee was compared with the same concentration (20.25% and 19.75%) to obtain four formulas. Organoleptic panelists tested all formulas to determine the best formula for fermented and non-fermented coffee. The number of Bifidobacterium bifidum and antibacterial activity was calculated on the optimum formulation using the Total Plate Count and Disc Diffusion Method. Result: The optimum formula obtained at fermented and unfermented coffee concentration was 20,25%. The number of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum growing in fermented and non-fermented coffee was 7.3 x 108 ± 32.4 and 3.1 x 108 ± 30.7 (p < 0.05). The diameter of the inhibition zone of the best fermented and non-fermented coffee was 11.5 ± 0.5 mm and 8.5 ± 0.5 mm, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fermented coffee can increase the growth of the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and has strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria.
{"title":"Viability and Antibacterial Activity of Bifidobacterium bifidum in Fermented Robusta Coffee for Diarrhea Treatment","authors":"Miksusanti, E. F. Apriani, Dimas Nur Hidayat","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.305-313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.305-313","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diarrhea can be treated with probiotic bacteria such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, which decreases the intestinal environment's pH to become acidic so that pathogenic bacteria cannot thrive. Objective: To make fermented coffee that can increase the number of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and has antidiarrheal activity against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli. Methods: Robusta coffee (20.25% and 19.75%) was fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and then the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum was added. Unfermented coffee was compared with the same concentration (20.25% and 19.75%) to obtain four formulas. Organoleptic panelists tested all formulas to determine the best formula for fermented and non-fermented coffee. The number of Bifidobacterium bifidum and antibacterial activity was calculated on the optimum formulation using the Total Plate Count and Disc Diffusion Method. Result: The optimum formula obtained at fermented and unfermented coffee concentration was 20,25%. The number of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum growing in fermented and non-fermented coffee was 7.3 x 108 ± 32.4 and 3.1 x 108 ± 30.7 (p < 0.05). The diameter of the inhibition zone of the best fermented and non-fermented coffee was 11.5 ± 0.5 mm and 8.5 ± 0.5 mm, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fermented coffee can increase the growth of the probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum and has strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44210517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：