Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01385-4
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Diet, dysbiosis and disease","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01385-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01385-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"127-127"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01378-3
Lauren Danridge, Bill Greer, Samantha Sullivan, Obed Rutebuka, Louis DiVincenti, Axel Wolff
Animals used in biomedical research may experience pain or distress as part of the experimental protocol. By implementing humane endpoints, pain or distress can be prevented or alleviated whilst still meeting scientific aims and objectives. We invited experts from Arizona State University (Samantha Sullivan) and Loma Linda University (Obed Rutebuka), along with USDA and OLAW representatives (Louis DiVincenti and Axel Wolff), to respond to a scenario about the importance of defining humane endpoints in research protocols.
作为实验方案的一部分，生物医学研究中使用的动物可能会经历疼痛或痛苦。通过实施人道终点，可以防止或减轻疼痛或痛苦，同时还能达到科学目的和目标。我们邀请了亚利桑那州立大学（Samantha Sullivan）和洛马琳达大学（Obed Rutebuka）的专家，以及美国农业部和法律事务厅（OLAW）的代表（Louis DiVincenti 和 Axel Wolff），就研究方案中定义人道终点的重要性进行了情景模拟。
{"title":"Humane endpoints, defined","authors":"Lauren Danridge, Bill Greer, Samantha Sullivan, Obed Rutebuka, Louis DiVincenti, Axel Wolff","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01378-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01378-3","url":null,"abstract":"Animals used in biomedical research may experience pain or distress as part of the experimental protocol. By implementing humane endpoints, pain or distress can be prevented or alleviated whilst still meeting scientific aims and objectives. We invited experts from Arizona State University (Samantha Sullivan) and Loma Linda University (Obed Rutebuka), along with USDA and OLAW representatives (Louis DiVincenti and Axel Wolff), to respond to a scenario about the importance of defining humane endpoints in research protocols.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"123-125"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01382-7
Jorge Ferreira
{"title":"Screening new opioids with metabolomics","authors":"Jorge Ferreira","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01382-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01382-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"126-126"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01376-5
Alvin Han, Courtney Hudson-Paz, Beatriz G. Robinson, Laren Becker, Amanda Jacobson, Julia A. Kaltschmidt, Jennifer L. Garrison, Ami S. Bhatt, Denise M. Monack
Researchers have advocated elevating mouse housing temperatures from the conventional ~22 °C to the mouse thermoneutral point of 30 °C to enhance translational research. However, the impact of environmental temperature on mouse gastrointestinal physiology remains largely unexplored. Here we show that mice raised at 22 °C exhibit whole gut transit speed nearly twice as fast as those raised at 30 °C, primarily driven by a threefold increase in colon transit speed. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition differs between the two temperatures but does not dictate temperature-dependent differences in gut motility. Notably, increased stress signals from the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis at 22 °C have a pivotal role in mediating temperature-dependent differences in gut motility. Pharmacological and genetic depletion of the stress hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone slows gut motility in stressed 22 °C mice but has no comparable effect in relatively unstressed 30 °C mice. In conclusion, our findings highlight that colder mouse facility temperatures significantly increase gut motility through hormonal stress pathways. The study reveals that raising mice at 22 °C boosts gut transit speed by two times compared to 30 °C, primarily due to stress signals from the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and an increase of corticotropin-releasing hormone.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent differences in mouse gut motility are mediated by stress","authors":"Alvin Han, Courtney Hudson-Paz, Beatriz G. Robinson, Laren Becker, Amanda Jacobson, Julia A. Kaltschmidt, Jennifer L. Garrison, Ami S. Bhatt, Denise M. Monack","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01376-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01376-5","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have advocated elevating mouse housing temperatures from the conventional ~22 °C to the mouse thermoneutral point of 30 °C to enhance translational research. However, the impact of environmental temperature on mouse gastrointestinal physiology remains largely unexplored. Here we show that mice raised at 22 °C exhibit whole gut transit speed nearly twice as fast as those raised at 30 °C, primarily driven by a threefold increase in colon transit speed. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition differs between the two temperatures but does not dictate temperature-dependent differences in gut motility. Notably, increased stress signals from the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis at 22 °C have a pivotal role in mediating temperature-dependent differences in gut motility. Pharmacological and genetic depletion of the stress hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone slows gut motility in stressed 22 °C mice but has no comparable effect in relatively unstressed 30 °C mice. In conclusion, our findings highlight that colder mouse facility temperatures significantly increase gut motility through hormonal stress pathways. The study reveals that raising mice at 22 °C boosts gut transit speed by two times compared to 30 °C, primarily due to stress signals from the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and an increase of corticotropin-releasing hormone.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"148-159"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-024-01376-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141159448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01379-2
Helena Fulka
Omne vivum ex ovo — Every living thing comes from an egg. However, keeping eggs healthy and competent to form viable embryos is not an easy task for every organism. A recent paper describes an elegant mechanism utilised by mammalian eggs to manage possibly toxic protein aggregates.
Omne vivum ex ovo - 每个生物都来自卵子。然而，要让卵子保持健康并有能力形成可存活的胚胎，对每种生物来说都不是一件容易的事。最近的一篇论文描述了哺乳动物卵子管理可能有毒的蛋白质聚集体的优雅机制。
{"title":"ELVAs: The new ‘super-organelles’ of the oocyte","authors":"Helena Fulka","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01379-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01379-2","url":null,"abstract":"Omne vivum ex ovo — Every living thing comes from an egg. However, keeping eggs healthy and competent to form viable embryos is not an easy task for every organism. A recent paper describes an elegant mechanism utilised by mammalian eggs to manage possibly toxic protein aggregates.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141085631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01377-4
Hao Jia, Yuan Chang, Jiangping Song
Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Preclinical cardiovascular research using animals is needed to explore potential targets and therapeutic options. Compared with rodents, pigs have many advantages, with their anatomy, physiology, metabolism and immune system being more similar to humans. Here we present an overview of the available pig models for cardiovascular diseases, discuss their advantages over other models and propose the concept of standardized models to improve translation to the clinical setting and control research costs. This Review discusses the use of pig models in animal research for cardiovascular diseases, highlighting their advantages over rodent models and suggesting the need for standardized models to enhance clinical translation and target potential treatments.
{"title":"The pig as an optimal animal model for cardiovascular research","authors":"Hao Jia, Yuan Chang, Jiangping Song","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01377-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01377-4","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Preclinical cardiovascular research using animals is needed to explore potential targets and therapeutic options. Compared with rodents, pigs have many advantages, with their anatomy, physiology, metabolism and immune system being more similar to humans. Here we present an overview of the available pig models for cardiovascular diseases, discuss their advantages over other models and propose the concept of standardized models to improve translation to the clinical setting and control research costs. This Review discusses the use of pig models in animal research for cardiovascular diseases, highlighting their advantages over rodent models and suggesting the need for standardized models to enhance clinical translation and target potential treatments.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 6","pages":"136-147"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01366-7
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Sex differences in lean-NAFLD mice","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01366-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01366-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 5","pages":"108-108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140821781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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