Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01461-9
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Viral persistence in lungs","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01461-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01461-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"301-301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01463-7
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Neuronal vulnerability in social dysfunction","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01463-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01463-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"301-301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01464-6
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Gut–lung axis in birds","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01464-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01464-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"301-301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01462-8
Alexandra Le Bras
{"title":"Monkey model of DMD","authors":"Alexandra Le Bras","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01462-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01462-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"301-301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01456-6
Courtney Hillman, Austin H. Cooper, Pooja Ram, Matthew O. Parker
Despite being one of the most used laboratory species in biomedical, behavioral and physiological research, the nutritional requirements of zebrafish (Danio rerio) are poorly understood, and no standardized laboratory diet exists. Diet and feeding regimen can substantially impact the welfare of the fish and, in turn, experimental reproducibility. Consequently, the establishment of a standardized diet and feeding protocol for laboratory zebrafish is imperative to enhance animal welfare, guarantee research reproducibility and advance the economic and environmental sustainability of laboratory dietary practices. Here the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the parameters that need to be standardized in future nutritional studies to facilitate future meta-analyses for confirmation of an optimal juvenile diet for growth. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus to identify relevant studies published up to August 2023, and the studies were selected on the basis of the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The databases yielded a total of 1,065 articles, of which 14 were included in this review. We conducted data extraction and risk-of-bias analysis in the included studies. Statistical comparisons for specific growth rate, weight gain (%) and length gain (%) parameters were performed to determine the optimal feed for enhanced juvenile growth. We identified significant heterogeneity and caveats to our findings owing to a lack of standardization of experimental conditions in nutritional studies. Our findings highlight an urgent need for research on zebrafish nutrition. Therefore, the standardized parameters we have reported here represent a critical starting point for studies. This systematic review identifies substantial heterogeneity in the experimental conditions in zebrafish nutrition studies, highlighting the urgent need for further research and the importance of standardized parameters for future zebrafish studies.
{"title":"The effect of laboratory diet and feeding on growth parameters in juvenile zebrafish","authors":"Courtney Hillman, Austin H. Cooper, Pooja Ram, Matthew O. Parker","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01456-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01456-6","url":null,"abstract":"Despite being one of the most used laboratory species in biomedical, behavioral and physiological research, the nutritional requirements of zebrafish (Danio rerio) are poorly understood, and no standardized laboratory diet exists. Diet and feeding regimen can substantially impact the welfare of the fish and, in turn, experimental reproducibility. Consequently, the establishment of a standardized diet and feeding protocol for laboratory zebrafish is imperative to enhance animal welfare, guarantee research reproducibility and advance the economic and environmental sustainability of laboratory dietary practices. Here the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the parameters that need to be standardized in future nutritional studies to facilitate future meta-analyses for confirmation of an optimal juvenile diet for growth. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus to identify relevant studies published up to August 2023, and the studies were selected on the basis of the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The databases yielded a total of 1,065 articles, of which 14 were included in this review. We conducted data extraction and risk-of-bias analysis in the included studies. Statistical comparisons for specific growth rate, weight gain (%) and length gain (%) parameters were performed to determine the optimal feed for enhanced juvenile growth. We identified significant heterogeneity and caveats to our findings owing to a lack of standardization of experimental conditions in nutritional studies. Our findings highlight an urgent need for research on zebrafish nutrition. Therefore, the standardized parameters we have reported here represent a critical starting point for studies. This systematic review identifies substantial heterogeneity in the experimental conditions in zebrafish nutrition studies, highlighting the urgent need for further research and the importance of standardized parameters for future zebrafish studies.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"327-335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-024-01456-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01457-5
Lucas Rannier R. A. Carvalho, Miho Shimari, Ariela Maína Boeder, Zhengbing Zhuge, Min Cai, Cecilia Leijding, Stefano Gastaldello, Andrei L. Kleschyov, Tomas A. Schiffer, Drielle Dantas Guimarães, Gaia Picozzi, Lars H. Lund, Bengt Fellström, Eddie Weitzberg, Jon O. Lundberg, Carolina E. Hagberg, Gianluigi Pironti, Daniel C. Andersson, Mattias Carlström
The aim of this study was to explore biological interaction and pathophysiology mechanisms in a new mouse model of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome, induced by chronic moderate renal failure in combination with consumption of a customized Western diet rich in carbohydrates, fat and salt. Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy, fed a customized Western diet rich not only in sugar and fat but also in salt, and followed for 12 weeks or 20 weeks. Sham-operated mice on a standard chow served as healthy controls. Body composition, weight gain, glucose metabolism, fat distribution, blood pressure, cardiac function, vascular reactivity, renal function, inflammation and mitochondrial function were measured and combined with biochemical and histopathological analyses. The novel triple-hit model of CKM syndrome showed signs and symptoms of metabolic syndrome, disturbed glucose metabolism, impaired adipocyte physiology and fat redistribution, cardiovascular dysfunction, renal damage and dysfunction, systemic inflammation, elevated blood pressure and cardiac remodeling. The pathological changes were more pronounced in mice after prolonged exposure for 20 weeks, but no deaths occurred. In the present mouse model of CKM syndrome, profound and significant metabolic, cardiac, vascular and renal dysfunctions and injuries emerged by using a Western diet rich not only in fat and carbohydrates but also in salt. This multisystem disease model could be used for mechanistic studies and the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies. The authors describe a novel mouse model of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome induced by unilateral nephrectomy and a Western diet rich in carbohydrates, fat and salt, which could be used to study human condition and identify therapies.
{"title":"A novel model of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome combining unilateral nephrectomy and high-salt–sugar–fat diet in mice","authors":"Lucas Rannier R. A. Carvalho, Miho Shimari, Ariela Maína Boeder, Zhengbing Zhuge, Min Cai, Cecilia Leijding, Stefano Gastaldello, Andrei L. Kleschyov, Tomas A. Schiffer, Drielle Dantas Guimarães, Gaia Picozzi, Lars H. Lund, Bengt Fellström, Eddie Weitzberg, Jon O. Lundberg, Carolina E. Hagberg, Gianluigi Pironti, Daniel C. Andersson, Mattias Carlström","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01457-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01457-5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to explore biological interaction and pathophysiology mechanisms in a new mouse model of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome, induced by chronic moderate renal failure in combination with consumption of a customized Western diet rich in carbohydrates, fat and salt. Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy, fed a customized Western diet rich not only in sugar and fat but also in salt, and followed for 12 weeks or 20 weeks. Sham-operated mice on a standard chow served as healthy controls. Body composition, weight gain, glucose metabolism, fat distribution, blood pressure, cardiac function, vascular reactivity, renal function, inflammation and mitochondrial function were measured and combined with biochemical and histopathological analyses. The novel triple-hit model of CKM syndrome showed signs and symptoms of metabolic syndrome, disturbed glucose metabolism, impaired adipocyte physiology and fat redistribution, cardiovascular dysfunction, renal damage and dysfunction, systemic inflammation, elevated blood pressure and cardiac remodeling. The pathological changes were more pronounced in mice after prolonged exposure for 20 weeks, but no deaths occurred. In the present mouse model of CKM syndrome, profound and significant metabolic, cardiac, vascular and renal dysfunctions and injuries emerged by using a Western diet rich not only in fat and carbohydrates but also in salt. This multisystem disease model could be used for mechanistic studies and the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies. The authors describe a novel mouse model of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome induced by unilateral nephrectomy and a Western diet rich in carbohydrates, fat and salt, which could be used to study human condition and identify therapies.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"336-346"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-024-01457-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142486922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01443-x
Tianyuan Hu, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Mona Malek Mohammadi
The adult mammalian heart is known to have very limited regenerative capacity, explaining at least in part the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and their impact as the leading cause of death worldwide. By contrast, the neonatal heart has the ability to regenerate upon injury, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this regenerative capacity are intensely investigated to provide novel cues for the repair of the adult heart. However, the existing rodent neonatal injury models—apex resection, left anterior descending artery ligation and cryoinjury—have limitations, such as being technically demanding, yielding a nonphysiological injury type and/or lack of reproducibility. Here we have therefore established a novel ischemic heart injury method in neonatal mice via cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery. This surgical procedure is technically straightforward, requires less than 10 min for completion and yields reproducible, large ischemic lesions (40% of the left ventricle) with low mortality rates (10% of animals). The injury also induces secondary pulmonary hypertension shortly after surgery, allowing to study the response of the right ventricle. Moreover, neonatal mice at postnatal days 1 and 3 display strongly opposing outcomes after the surgery, because of the lack of cardiac regeneration at the later stage. Thus, this new neonatal heart injury model is of great use for mechanistic studies exploring the regeneration of the left ventricle and the adaptation of the right ventricle upon myocardial infarction. This Protocol describes a novel ischemic heart injury method in neonatal mice via cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery. The procedure is technically straightforward, requiring less than 10 min per mouse for completion.
{"title":"Cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery as a straightforward, large and reproducible ischemic injury model in neonatal mice","authors":"Tianyuan Hu, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Mona Malek Mohammadi","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01443-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01443-x","url":null,"abstract":"The adult mammalian heart is known to have very limited regenerative capacity, explaining at least in part the frequency of cardiovascular diseases and their impact as the leading cause of death worldwide. By contrast, the neonatal heart has the ability to regenerate upon injury, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this regenerative capacity are intensely investigated to provide novel cues for the repair of the adult heart. However, the existing rodent neonatal injury models—apex resection, left anterior descending artery ligation and cryoinjury—have limitations, such as being technically demanding, yielding a nonphysiological injury type and/or lack of reproducibility. Here we have therefore established a novel ischemic heart injury method in neonatal mice via cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery. This surgical procedure is technically straightforward, requires less than 10 min for completion and yields reproducible, large ischemic lesions (40% of the left ventricle) with low mortality rates (10% of animals). The injury also induces secondary pulmonary hypertension shortly after surgery, allowing to study the response of the right ventricle. Moreover, neonatal mice at postnatal days 1 and 3 display strongly opposing outcomes after the surgery, because of the lack of cardiac regeneration at the later stage. Thus, this new neonatal heart injury model is of great use for mechanistic studies exploring the regeneration of the left ventricle and the adaptation of the right ventricle upon myocardial infarction. This Protocol describes a novel ischemic heart injury method in neonatal mice via cauterization of the root of the left coronary artery. The procedure is technically straightforward, requiring less than 10 min per mouse for completion.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"308-326"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-024-01443-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s41684-024-01458-4
Michael C. J. Chang Ph.D., Franziska B. Grieder DVM, Ph.D.
In the rapidly evolving field of biomedical research, the role of animal models has long been a topic of scientific and ethical debate. However, despite advancements in alternative modeling approaches, animal models remain an essential component of scientific discovery and medical advancement.
{"title":"The continued importance of animals in biomedical research","authors":"Michael C. J. Chang Ph.D., Franziska B. Grieder DVM, Ph.D.","doi":"10.1038/s41684-024-01458-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41684-024-01458-4","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly evolving field of biomedical research, the role of animal models has long been a topic of scientific and ethical debate. However, despite advancements in alternative modeling approaches, animal models remain an essential component of scientific discovery and medical advancement.","PeriodicalId":17936,"journal":{"name":"Lab Animal","volume":"53 11","pages":"295-297"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-024-01458-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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